REPORT TEXT

Report Text is a text which presents information about something as it is. It is as a result of
systematic observation and analysis.

[Report Text adalah teks yang menyajikan informasi tentang sesuatu sebagaimana adanya. Hal
ini sebagai hasil dari pengamatan dan analisis yang sistematis.]

Social Function:
To present information about something generally to the readers.
[Untuk menyajikan informasi tentang sesuatu secara umum kepada pembaca.]

Generic Structure:
 General Classification
Stating generally what will be discussed. [Menyatakan secara umum apa yang akan
dibahas.]
Example:
Kangaroo is an animal found only in Australia, although it has smaller relative, called
Wallaby, which lives on Australian island of Tasmania and also in New Guinea.
 Descriptions
Giving more details og things such as past of body, habits, behavior, qualities, etc.
[Memberikan lebih banyak detail tentang hal-hal seperti masa lalu tubuh, kebiasaan,
perilaku, kualitas, dll.]
Example:
Kangaroos eat grass and plants. They have short front legs, but very long and strong back
legs and a tail. These are used for sitting up and for jumping. Kangaroos have been
known to make forward jumps of over eight meters, and leap across fences more than
three meters high. They can also run at speeds of over 45 kilometers per hour. The largest
kangaroos are the Great grey kangaroo and the Red Kangaroo. Adult grows to a length of
1.60 meters and weighs over 90 kilos. Kangaroos are marsupials. This means that the
female kangaroo has an external pouch on the front of her body. A baby kangaroo is very
tiny when it is born, and it crawls at once into this pouch where it spends its first five
months of life.
Language Features:

 Using general nouns rather than personal pronouns [Menggunakan kata benda umum
dari pada kata ganti orang]
 The use of personal pronouns are limited [Penggunaan kata ganti orang dibatasi]
 Using Simple Present Tense [Menggunakan kalimat simple present tense]

Example of Report Text:

Simple Present tense

Kalimat verbal adalah kalimat yang mempunyai kata kerja
Simple present tense adalah jenis kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan seberapa sering
suatu kegiatan terjadi (frekuensi) atau habitual action (kebiasaan). Time expression (keterangan
waktu) yang sering digunakan yaitu adverbial of frequency.

 Do ----- > plural subject

I, you, they, we, andi and
sari, etc.

 Does ----- > singular

subject
She, he, it, the dog,
Shinta, etc.
 Subject:

I, you, they, we, Susan and I, Marsha and Sari: kata kerja (verb)
tidak usah ditambah s/ es
Kalimat positive (positive sentence) She, he, it, the cat, Shinta, My mother: kata kerja (verb)
ditambah s/ es.
Pattern:
Subject + Verb (es/s) + Object + . . .
Ditambah –es jika katakerja berakhiran dengan huruf berdesis
seperti x, ch, o, y, sh, etc.

Contoh:

Fix --- > fixes fly ---- > flies

Watch ---- > watches wash ---- > washes

Go ---- > goes

Example: I go to Semarang in the morning

You sometimes come to my house at 7 a.m.
They study mathematic every Saturday
We play football in the field every afternoon.
Marsha and Jean eat fried rice at 8 p.m.
My mom and I watch TV every evening.
She dances beautifully.
He usually cuts the grass in front of the house.
It runs fast.
Jono always drinks a glass of milk.

Kalimat negative (negative sentence)

Pattern:
Subject + do/ does + not + Verb + Object + . . .

Example:
I do not go to Semarang in the morning
You sometimes don’t come to my house at 7 a.m.
They don’t study mathematic every Saturday
We do not play football in the field every afternoon.
Marsha and Jean don’t eat fried rice at 8 p.m.
My mom and I don’t watch TV every evening.
She does not dance beautifully.
He doesn’t cut the grass in front of the house.
It doesn’t run fast.
Jono doesn’t drink a glass of milk.
 Kalimat Tanya (interrogative sentence)
a. Yes/ no question
Pattern:
do/ does + Subject + Verb + Object ?

Example: Do you have pencil? Yes, I do

No, I do not (don’t)
Does she play volleyball in the yard? Yes, she does.
No, she doesn’t.
Do they drink two glasses of tea? Yes, they do
No, they do not.
Does your mom cook fried banana? Yes, she does.
No, she doesn’t.
Do we study English on Tuesday? Yes, we do.
No, we don’t.

b. Wh question
Pattern:
Wh-question + do/ does + Subject + Verb +
Object ?
Example:
Question Meaning Example
words
What Menanyakan benda/ hal (apa) What do you think about the
movie?
When Menanyakan waktu (kapan) When does the class start?
Where Menanyakan tempat (dimana/ kemana/ dari Where do you live?
mana)
Who Menanyakan orang (siapa) Who do you love the most in
your family?
Whom Menanyakan orang (untuk siapa) Whom do you see every
 morning?
Which Menanyakan benda (yang mana) Which one do you choose?
whose Menanyakan kepemilikan (milik siapa) Whose book do you usually
borrow in the class?
why Menanyakan alas an ( mengapa) Why do you come late?
how Menanyakan cara (bagaimana) How do you go to school?

Other question words

Question words Meaning

 How long Berapa panjang
 How many Berapa banyak (untuk benda yg bisa dihitung)
Ex: how many pencil do you have? I have two pencils
 How much Berapa banyak (benda yang tidak bisa dihitung)/ berapa harga.
Ex: how much water do you bring? I bring a bottle of water.
How much does it cost? It costs Rp.10.000
 How far Berapa jauh
 How often Seberapa sering
 How old Berapa umur/ usia
 How come Bagaimana (alasan)

Kalimat nominal adalah kalimat yang tidah mempunyai kata kerja, namun menggunakan
auxiliary (to be).

Positive sentence (+) Negative sentence (-) Interrogative sentence (?)

o She is Rasya’s sister. o She is not Rasya’s sister. o Is she Rasya’s sister?
o Mr.Herman is my uncle. o Mr.Herman isn’t my o Is mr. herman your uncle?
o They are the students of uncle. o Are they the students of
SMP N 1 Demak. o They are not the students SMP N 1 Demak?
o We are in the second of SMP N 1 Demak o Are we in the second
grade of SMA N 3 o We are not in the second grade of SMA N 3
Demak. grade of SMA N 3 Demak. Demak?
o My mom is thirty six o My mom is not thirty six o Is your mom thirty six
years old. years old. years old?
o Susan and Hera are not
o Susan and Hera are my my cousins. o Are Susan and Hera your
cousins. o The students aren’t in the cousins?
laboratory. o Are the students in the
o The students are in the o Aditya and I are in the laboratory?
laboratory. same grade. o Are Aditya and I in the
o Aditya and I are in the o I am the first child in my same grade?
same grade. family. o Are you the first child in
o I am the first child in my your family?
family.

Note:
Is not -----> isn’t
Are not ---- > aren’t
Am not