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Exp 2 IC Printed

The experiment aims to conduct a heat balance test on a single cylinder vertical diesel engine at different loads. A heat balance sheet is created to analyze how much of the heat supplied by fuel is used for useful work versus wasted through friction, exhaust, and engine cooling. Readings of engine speed, load, fuel consumption, temperatures and cooling water flow are recorded at different loads. The heat balance sheet gives insight into how engine design and operating conditions affect efficiency and power losses.

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Dipendra Tiwari
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10 views

Exp 2 IC Printed

The experiment aims to conduct a heat balance test on a single cylinder vertical diesel engine at different loads. A heat balance sheet is created to analyze how much of the heat supplied by fuel is used for useful work versus wasted through friction, exhaust, and engine cooling. Readings of engine speed, load, fuel consumption, temperatures and cooling water flow are recorded at different loads. The heat balance sheet gives insight into how engine design and operating conditions affect efficiency and power losses.

Uploaded by

Dipendra Tiwari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT No.

2
Aim of the Experiment: - To conduct a Heat Balance Test on a 4- stroke single cylinder vertical
diesel engine at different loads and to draw up a heat balance sheet on minute basis

Concept of Heat Balance Sheet: -


Part of the heat supplied to an I.C. engine through the fuel is utilized in doing useful work, and
the rest is wasted in overcoming friction, in exhaust gases and in engine cooling water. A
statement of the supplied heat, useful work and heat wasted in overcoming friction, exhaust
gases, engine cooling is called heat balance sheet. It may be drawn on the basis of unit time or
cycle of operation. The heat balance thus gives a picture about the utility of heat supplied
through the fuel. The losses depends up on type of the engine, service to which it is employed,
load, atmospheric conditions etc. A designer is interested to keep the losses as low as possible in
order to maximize the rated power. Two important factors that influence the losses are speed and
output of an engine. The loss due to friction increases considerably more due to increase in
engine speed than by an increase in load. Heat carried away by engine water increases slowly
with load while heat carried away by exhaust gases increases abruptly beyond 80% of the rated
power output due to higher combustion temperatures, inefficient combustion etc.

Engine Specifications: -
 Engine model: - Comet, PPA-5
 Rated speed: - 1500 rpm
 Fuel: - H.S.D. oil
 Density of fuel: - 0.827 gm/ml
 Maximum output: - 5BHP
 Bore: - 85mm
 Stroke: - 80mm
 Compression ratio: - 16:1
 Calorific value: - 45,350 KJ/kg
 Dynamometer: - Eddy current
 Cooling arrangement: - water cooled
 Auto ignition temperature: - 256°C

Test Procedure:
1. Open the three way cock so that fuel flows to the engine directly from the tank.
2. Open the cooling water valves and ensure water flows through the engine.
3. Start the engine and allow running on no load condition for few minutes.
4. Load engine by adding weights upon the hanger.
5. Allow the cooling water in the brake drum and adjust it to avoid spilling.
6. Allow the engine to run at this load for few minutes.
7. Adjust the cooling water regulators such that the temperature raise of Cooling.
8. Note the following readings
 Engine Speed
 Weight on the hanger
 Spring balance
 Manometer
 Time for 10cc of fuel consumption
 Volume of Cooling water (Calorimeter) collected for 1 min.
 Volume of Cooling water (Engine)collected for 1 min
 Inlet and outlet temperatures of engine cooling water
 Inlet and outlet temperatures of calorimeter cooling water
 Inlet and outlet temperatures of exhaust gases
 Ambient temperate
9. Repeat the above procedure for different loads.
10. Stop the engine after removing load on the engine
Precautions:
1. Before stating the engine check all the systems such as cooling, lubrication and fuel system
2. Ensure oil level is maintained in the engine up to recommended level always.
Never run the engine with insufficient oil.
3. Never run the engine with insufficient engine cooling water and exhaust gas Calorimeter
cooling water.
4. For stopping the engine, load on the engine should be removed.

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