English presentation group

theme: verbs, adverbs and adjectives

member’s names
1. DJEKO JACKSON

2. MOAKENG ZEE FLORE

3. VOYEMAWA ARIELLE

4. DJOGOU CORINE

5. ABINDI DYLANE

6. BEDNARECK EUGENE

7. ONGONO SAMUEL

8. NZUBIT MBAMI SODANELLE

9. KUETE SONGWA DEBORA

10. MOTOUM LILZANE

11. NGUIMATSIA FORTUNE

12. LABOU KENNE ELYSEE

 Introduction
Grammar can be defined as the set of linguistic structures specific to a description of these
structures And how this language works. However, the grammar itself includes approximately 20
rules But here we will focus on only three rules, namely verbs which is a word that expresses an
action, state or modification We can characterize the unfolding of a situation, adverbs which may
be an invariable word adding a determination to a verb and adjectives these are words that give
qualifications to nouns. in our work we will start to presente adverb , secondly adjectives and
finish with verbs

I Adverb
 Definition
Adverb Definition: An adverb is a word or a phrase that modifies verbs. An adverb is a word
that tells us more about a verb. It “qualifies” or “modifies” a verb. In simple words, an Adverb
could be defined as a word that is used as a prefix to add more inf ormation about the place, time,
manner, cause or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb. The use of an adverb
makes a sentence more meaningful and coherent.
An adverb can also modify adjectives, prepositions, and any other adverb. Even a whole
sentence can be modified or adjusted using an adverb.
 Types of Adverb

There are six main types of adverb The various types of Adverb are as follows:

1. Adverb of Manner and Quality

2. Adverb of Place
3. Adverb of Time
4. Adverb of Quantity and Range .
5. Adverb of Number and Frequency.
6. Adverb of Affirmation or Negation

Types of Adverbs and Examples

Types of Adverb Example

Adverb of Manner and Quality Slowly, Quietly, Carefully, Peacefully, Efficiently, Easily, Secre
Adverb of Place Here, There, Inside, Outside, Behind, Below, Downstairs, etc.

Adverb of Time Yesterday, Tomorrow, Today, Now, Then, etc.

Adverb of Quantity and Range Entirely, Partially, Extremely, Barely, Deeply, Absolutely, etc.

Adverb of Number and Frequency Always, Sometimes, Frequently, Often, Usually, Rarely, etc.

Adverb of Affirmation or Negation Certainly, Surely, Not, etc.

 Adverb of Manner and Quality

When we have to describe the way of doing a job or action, we use the adverb of Manner and
Quality. By using an Adverb of Manner and Quality it becomes more clear how the action is
being performed. For example,

1. She damaged her car badly.

2. She speaks French very fluently

 2. Adverb of Place
If we want to describe the occurrence place of action, then we use the adverb of place. This type
of adverb gives a rough or sometimes an exact idea about the place of action. For example,

1. The aircraft landed near the banyan tree.

2. I couldn't find the book anywhere.

 Adverb of Time
This type of adverb defines the time of occurrence of an action, In other words, the Adverb of
Time explains when a particular action has happened or going to happen. For example,

1. I will go to the cinema tomorrow.

 Adverb of Quantity and Range

In a sentence, whenever it is required to explain how much or up to what extent an action is
completed then we use the Adverb of Quantity and Range. For example

1. He was completely exhausted.

2. The amount of money sent was enough for them.
  . Adverb of Number and Frequency
In many sentences, we see words like, once, Twice, etc. These types of words are termed
‘Adverb of Number and Frequency’ and explain the no. of times a particular action has occurred.
For example,

1. I go to the cinema twice a week.

2. My mother visits the nearby temple every day

 . Adverb of Affirmation or Negation

In some sentences, there is a sense of complete acceptance or denial. Adverb of Affirmation or
Negation is used for this purpose. For example,

1. Surely He will complete the race.

2. This hard-working person is not going to fail this time.

II_Adjectives
 Definition
Adjective Definition: An Adjective is a word that describes a noun or noun phrase or
pronoun and provides more information. Basically, A adjective tells the characteristics of a
noun or noun phrase or pronoun. Its semantic role is to change the information given by the
noun. Adjectives are usually placed before the nouns they describe. In simple words, Adjectives
are words that describe the qualities or states of being of nouns: enormous, doglike, silly, many
etc. So we may define an Adjective is a word used with a noun to add something to its meaning.
Adjectives have been described as a Part of Speech in various types and to understand each type
of adjective in detail you must read the article further.

 Adjective Examples
The adjective examples below would help you to understand the adjective with ease. To get a
better grasp of these various adjective examples, take a look at these example sentences
containing some adjectives.

S. No. Adjective Examples Adjective Used in a Sentence

1 Clever Sita is a clever girl.

2 Little There is little time for preparation.

3 Five He gave me five mangoes.

4 Lazy The lazy boy was punished by his teacher.

5 Quite I am quite well.

6 Large Bertoua is a large city.

7 Honest Abindi is an honest man.

8 Beautiful Mike bought her a beautiful saree on their anniversary

9 Aggressive Ben is an aggressive baby

10 Ashamed His parents are ashamed of his deeds

11 Meaningless He writes meaningless letters

12 Nicer This shop is much nicer

 Types of Adjectives
There are a total of 8 types of Adjectives in English grammar namely Descriptive adjective,
Numeral adjective, Quantitative adjective, Demonstrative adjective, Interrogative adjective,
Possessive adjective, Proper adjective, and Exclamatory adjective. Lets' have a look at the types
of adjectives with examples:

S.No. Adjective Types/ Kinds Examples

1 Descriptive Adjective Large, beautiful, careful, hateful etc.

2 Numeral Adjective Five, few, many, several, first etc.

3 Quantitative Adjective Some, much, little, any, half, whole

4 Demonstrative Adjective This, that, these, those, such

5 Interrogative Adjective What, which, whose,

6 Possessive Adjective Mu, our, your, his, her, its, their

7 Proper Adjective English, Indian tea, French wines, Turkish tobacco

8 Exclamatory Adjective What, how

 Types of Adjectives and Examples

In English Grammer, there have been 8 types of Adjectives, which are explained with examples
in the below section.

1) Descriptive Adjective
Adjectives of Quality or Descriptive Adjectives show the kind of quality of a person or thing. Ex.
Beautiful large, small etc.

2) Numeral Adjective
Adjectives of number or Numeral Adjectives show how many persons or things are meant. This
adjective represents numeral value. Ex. Eight, few, second, some etc. They are further divided
into two kinds i.e. Definite Numeral adjectives and Indefinite Numeral adjectives.

3) Quantitative Adjective
Adjectives of quantity show how much quantity of a thing is meant. Ex. Some, little, whole, one
fourth etc. He ate some rice.

4) Demonstrative Adjective
Demonstrative Adjectives point out which person or thing is meant, ex. This, that, those, such
etc.

This girl is taller than Rosie.

5) Interrogative Adjectives
What, which, and whose, when they are used with nouns to ask questions, are called
Interrogative Adjectives.
Whose book is this?

6) Possessive Adjectives
We use Possessive adjectives to express who owns or possesses something. This is used in front
of a noun. Ex. Own, my, our etc.

He is his own master.

7) Proper Adjectives
Adjectives formed from proper nouns are called Proper Adjectives.

8) Exclamatory Adjectives
The word what is sometimes used as an Exclamatory Adjective.

Ex. What a genius!

What a blessing!

Comparison of Adjectives
1. Ram’s mango is sweet.

2. Hari’s mango is sweeter than Ram’s

3. Govind’s mango is the sweetest of all.

Adjectives change in form (sweet, sweeter, sweetest) to show comparison. They are called the
three Degrees of Comparison.

1. The Adjective sweet is said to be to the Positive Degree.

2. The Adjective sweeter is said to be in the Comparative Degree.

3. The Adjective sweetest is said to be in the Superlative Degree.

III – verbs
What Is a Verb?
A verb is a word that describes what the subject of a sentence is doing. Verbs can indicate
(physical or mental) actions, occurrences, and states of being. Verbs can change form depending
on subject, tense, mood, and voice. This is called conjugation.

Subject

Verbs and subjects must agree in number. If the subject is singular, the verb must also be singular.
Similarly, if the subject is plural, the verb must be plural. This is called subject-verb agreement.

Tense
Verbs are also conjugated based on tense. There are three main tenses in English:
  Past (an action has taken place)
 Present (an action is taking place)
 Future (an action will take place)

Each tense has a simple, progressive, perfect, and perfect progressive aspect with its own rules
for conjugation.

The forms a verb takes in each aspect depend on the subject and on whether the verb is regular or
irregular. Below is a table illustrating the various forms the regular verb “look” takes in the first
person singular when conjugated.

Past Present Future

Simple I looked at the painting. I look at the painting. I will look at the painting.

Progressive I was looking at the I am looking at the I will be looking at the

painting. painting. painting.

Perfect I had looked at the I have looked at the I will have looked at the
painting. painting. painting.

Perfect I had been looking at I have been looking at I will have been looking at
progressive the painting. the painting. the painting.

Participles
Participles are formed from verbs. There are two types of participles:

 Past participles are typically used in combination with an auxiliary verb (e.g., “has,”
“have,” “had”) for perfect tenses (connecting a past action or event to a later time). Past
participles are typically formed by adding the suffix “-ed” (e.g., “worked”).

 Present participles are used for continuous tenses (describing an action that is ongoing).
They are formed by adding the suffix “-ing” (e.g., “reading”).

Participles are often used as adjectives (e.g., “running shoes”).

Check for common mistakes
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Regular vs. irregular verbs

Regular verbs follow the standard conjugation rules for English verbs—most verbs are regular.
A verb is considered regular if its simple past and past participle are formed by adding the
suffix “-ed” (or “-d” if the word already ends in the letter “e”).

Example: Past simple and past participle of “finish” in a sentence Sarah finished her work.

Claude had finished his dinner when James called.

Jock has finished writing in his journal.

Tina will have finished her course by the end of next month.
Irregular verbs form their simple past and past participles in some way other than by adding the
suffix “-ed.”

Example: Past simple and past participle of “swim” in a sentence Andre swam in all five of the
Great Lakes last summer.

I had swum almost a mile when the island came into view.

Melissa has swum every Saturday for the last three years.

If he succeeds next week, Antonio will have swum the English Channel ten times!

Transitive and intransitive verbs

A transitive verb is a verb that acts on someone or something and therefore takes a direct
object (the thing being acted upon).

Examples: Transitive verbs in a sentence Kelly asks a question.

Toby buys groceries. Intransitive verbs do not act on someone or something and therefore do
not take a direct object.

While an intransitive verb does not take a direct object, it can be used along with
an adverb or adverbial phrase (as can a transitive verb).

Examples: Intransitive verbs in a sentence Rita coughed.

Rita coughed loudly.
 o Stative and dynamic verbs
Dynamic verbs (also called action verbs) describe specific, temporary actions or events (e.g.,
“eat,” “sleep,” “write”).

Examples: Dynamic verbs in a sentence Amy kick the ball.

Lydia is running to school.
o Stative verbs

describe a state of being or perception (e.g., “she is,” “it seems,” “they belong”). They can
also be used to describe a mental, emotional, or physical state (e.g., “I believe,” “you hear”).

Stative verbs are typically used for a state of being that is general or unchanging, so they can’t be
used in the progressive (continuous) tense.

o Linking verbs
A linking verb (also called a copular verb) connects the subject of a sentence with a “subject
complement” (i.e., a noun or adjective that describes it). Common linking verbs include the verbs
“be,” “seem,” “become,” and “feel.”

Example: Linking verbs in a sentence flore is proud.

The pillow feels soft.
Most linking verbs can also be used as action verbs, describing a specific action rather than a
state (e.g., “Sofie feels the pillow”).

o Modal verbs
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that are used along with another (main) verb to express ability,
permission, possibility, necessity, or obligation. The main modal verbs
are can, could, may, might, must, ought, shall, should, will, and would. Modal verbs do not
change form.

Examples: Modal verbs in a sentence I can read Arabic and Hebrew.

Martin should speak a little louder.

Talia ought to perform at the talent show.

o Phrasal verbs
A phrasal verb is a phrase made up of two or more words that acts as an individual verb.
Phrasal verbs typically combine a verb with an adverb or preposition to create a meaning
independent of the original words. For example, the verb “kick” and the preposition “off”
combine to form the phrasal verb “kick off,” which means “begin.”
Example: Phrasal verb I’m going to move out next month.

o Gerunds

A gerund is a noun that takes the present participle (“ing”) form of a verb. Gerunds typically
describe the same action as the verb from which they are formed. Example: Gerund in a sentence
Eating fruits and vegetables is good for you. Linking verbs
A linking verb (also called a copular verb) connects the subject of a sentence with a “subject
complement” (i.e., a noun or adjective that describes it). Common linking verbs include the verbs
“be,” “seem,” “become,” and “feel.”

o Auxiliary verbs
Auxiliary verbs (also called helping verbs) include verbs such as “be,” “do,” and “have.”
They’re used in combination with another (main) verb to modify its meaning. Auxiliary verbs
can be used to indicate tense, mood, and voice. They’re also used to form negative
statements when used with words such as “not” and “never.”

Auxiliary verbs must be conjugated for tense and person (e.g., “I am,” “she was”). Example:
Auxiliary verbs I am waiting.

Did you enjoy the meal ?

The door was locked. Alicia has not spoken to me for a week.

o Modal verbs
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that are used along with another (main) verb to express ability,
permission, possibility, necessity, or obligation. The main modal verbs
are can, could, may, might, must, ought, shall, should, will, and would. Modal verbs do not
change form. Examples: Modal verbs in a sentence I can read Arabic and Hebrew
Martin should speak a little louder.

Talia ought to perform at the talent show.

conclusion
At the end of our work, it was a question for us to talk about verbs, adverbs and adjectives. It
emerges that the An adverb is a word or a phrase that modifies verbs. An adverb is a word that
tells us more about a verb. It “qualifies” or “modifies” a verb. Adjective is a word that describes a
noun or noun phrase or pronoun and provides more information. Basically, A adjective tells the
characteristics of a noun or noun phrase or pronoun. and verb is a word that describes what the subject
of a sentence is doing. Verbs can indicate (physical or mental) actions, occurrences, and states of being.