READING SECTION 40

(1) Child development refers to the biological, psychological and emotional changes that
occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual
progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy. (2) It is a continuous process with a
predictable sequence yet having a unique course for every child. (3) It does not progress at
the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding types of development. (4)
Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and
events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part
of the study of child development. (5) Child care programs present a critical opportunity for
the promotion of child development. (6) Developmental change may occur as a result of
genetically-controlled processes known as maturation, or as a result of environmental
factors and learning, but most commonly involves an interaction between the two. (7) It
may also occur as a result of human nature and our ability to learn from our environment
1. Which sentence is irrelevant to the topic of the passage?
A. Sentence 2
B. Sentence 3
C. Sentence 4
D. Sentence 5
E. Sentence 6
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 1 adalah D. Karena kalimat nomor 5 tidak sesuai dengan
supporting sentence di kalimat sebelum dan sesudahnya.

2. The following paragraph most likely discusses ...

A. what genetic factors affect child development
B. each developmental stage
C. how children adjust to their environment
D. emotional changes that might occur in a child
E. stages in child development
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 2 adalah E. Hal ini dijelaskan di bagian topic sentence dan
supporting sentence yang menyatakan proses berkelanjutan dengan tahapan yang berbeda
dari setiap anak.
Alligators, which often engage in violent fights over territories and mates, have made
scientists puzzled why their wounds rarely get infected. Now researchers think the secret
lies in the reptiles’ blood. Chemists in Louisiana found that blood from the American
alligator can successfully destroy 23 strains of bacteria, including strains known to be
resistant to antibiotics. In addition, the blood was able to deplete and destroy a significant
amount of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
Study co-author Lancis Darville at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge believes that
peptides – fragments of proteins – within alligator blood help the animals stop fatal
infections. Such peptides are also found in the skin of frogs and toads, as well as komodo,
dragons and crocodiles. The scientists think that these peptides could one day lead to
medicines that would provide humans with the same antibiotic protection. ’We are in the
process of separating and identifying the specific peptides in alligator blood,’ said Darville.
’Once we sequence these peptides, we can obtain their chemical structure to potentially
create new drugs.’
Study co-author Mark Merchant, a biochemist at Mc Neese State University in Lake Charles,
Louisiana, was among the first to notice alligators’ unusual resistance. He was intrigued that,
despite living in swampy environments where bacteria thrive, alligators that suffered
frequent scratches and bruises rarely developed fatal infections. Merchant therefore
created human and alligator serum-protein-rich blood plasma that has been able to remove
clotting agents, and exposed each of them to 23 strains of bacteria. Human serum destroyed
only eight of the bacterial strains while the alligator serum killed all 23. When the alligator
was exposed to HIV, the researchers found that a good amount of the virus was destroyed.
The study team thinks that pills and creams containing alligator peptides could be available
at level pharmacies within seven to ten years. Such products would be a solution to patients
that need extra help preventing infections, such as diabetes patients with foot ulcers, burn
victims and people suffering from auto-immune diseases. However, there may be potential
problems before alligator-based medicines can reach drugstore shelves. For example, initial
tests have revealed that higher concentrations of the alligator serum tend to be toxic to
human cells.
1. This passage would probably be found in a(n) ...
A. academic journal.
B. lifestyle magazine.
C. medical journal.
D. health magazine.
E. men magazine.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 3 adalah A. Karena di teks ini terdapat beberapa keyword seperti
researcher, chemist, co-author, dan juga terdapat beberapa istilah ilmiah seperti antibiotic
protection, peptides, chemical structure, dan lainnya yang hanya akan di dapati dalam jurnal
ilmiah.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about peptides within alligators’
blood?
A. They are fragments of proteins.
B. They may stop fatal infections.
C. They are injected in the human body.
D. They are within the blood of reptiles.
E. They have the same function as antibiotics
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 4 adalah C. Dengan mengecek opsi A sampai E di teks. Opsi A
terdapat di paragraf ke dua tepatnya pada topic sentence. Opsi B terdapat di paragraf ke 2
tepatnya pada topic sentence. Opsi D terdapat di paragraf ke 2 tepatnya pada supporting
sentence. Opsi E terdapat di paragraf ke dua tepatnya pada supporting sentence.
 3. The word ’clotting’ in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ...
A. setting.
B. accumulating.
C. thickening.
D. dotting.
E. softening.
Clotting dalam bahasa Indonesia berati pembekuan dan kosakata yang tepat untuk
menggantikan kata clotting adalah thickening yang berarti mengental
4. The followings are what Merchant, the biochemist, experienced EXCEPT that he ...
A. developed two kinds of serum, each can destroy 23 strains of bacteria.
B. learned why alligators can survive in bacterial environments.
C. became interested in alligators’ resistance to infections.
D. created a serum which can remove things that cause clotting.
E. found out that crocodiles can decrease infection caused by HIV.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 6 adalah A. Opsi B terdapat di paragraf ke 3 tepatnya pada kalimat ke 2.
Opsi C terdapat di paragraf ke 3 tepatnya pada kalimat ke 1. Opsi D terdapat di paragraf ke 3
tepatnya pada kalimat ke 3. Opsi E terdapat di paragraf ke 3 tepatnya pada concluding sentence.

5. The writer concludes his essay by saying that ...

A. scientists are now searching for a medicine against HIV.
B. alligators have contributed a lot to stop human life.
C. reptiles have peptides which can be used as serum.
D. peptides in the blood are only found in American alligators.
E. alligator serum has the possibility to harm human beings.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 7 adalah C. Hal ini dijelaskan di paragraf ke dua tepatnya pada
kalimat ke 3 dan juga diikuti dengan paragraf berikutnya mengenai bagaimana serum tsb
dikembangkan dan diuji coba.
6. The people can’t swim in Pondok Indah today because the pool...
A. Is cleaning
B. Is being cleaned
C. Was being cleaned
D. Had been being cleaned
E. Have been cleaned
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 8 adalah B. Kalimat ini merupakan passive voice dengan tenses
present continous tense dan memiliki rumus S+to be+being+verb 3.
7. My house..... for two months
A. Have renovated
B. Has renovated
C. Have been renovating
D. Have been renovated
E. Has been renovated
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 9 adalah E. Kalimat ini merupakan passive voice dengan tenses
present perfect tense dan memiliki rumus S+has been+verb 3.

8. In our school, English.... by Mrs Yenni Yahya every week.

A. Was taught
B. Is taught
C. Are taught
D. Will be taught
E. Was teaching
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 10 adalah B. Kalimat ini merupakan passive voice dan tensesnya
adalah present tense dengan rumus S+to be+verb 3.

READING SECTION 41
Wood plays a part in more activities of the modern economy than does any other
commodity. There is (1)_____ any industry that does not use wood or wood products
somewhere in its manufacturing and marketing processes. Think about the (2)_____ of junk
mail, newspapers, photocopies and other paper products that each of us handles, stores,
and disposes of in a single day. Total annual world wood consumption is about 3.7 billion
metric tons or about 3.7 billion m3 . This is more than steel and plastic consumption
together. International trade in wood and wood products amounts to more than $100
billion each year. Developed countries produce less than half of all (3)_____ wood but
account for about 80 percent of its consumption. Less-developed countries, mainly in the
tropic, produce more than half of all wood used by industries but use only 20 percent. The
largest producers of this kind of wood and paper pulp are the United States, the former
Soviet Union, and Canada. Much of the logging in North America and Europe occurs in
(4)_____ forests, where cut trees are grown as crop. (5)_____, tropical hardwoods in
Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America are being cut at an unsustainable rate, mostly from
old-growth forests.
1. ....
A. almost
B. nearly
C. hardly
D. never
E. virtually
Jawaban untuk nomor 1 adalah C dan artinya hampir tidak. Opsi A, B, E, memiliki arti yang
sama yaitu hampir sedangkan opsi D memiliki arti tidak pernah.
2. ....
A. accumulation
B. number
C. total
 D. amount
E. figure
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 2 adalah D karena kata total atau jumlah dianggap lebih tepat
untuk melengkapi kalimat ini.
3. ....
A. industrial
B. industrially
C. industrious
D. industrialized
E. industry
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 3 adalah A. Dalam kalimat rumpang disini terdapat noun phrase
dan noun phrase terdiri dari adjective dan noun. Di kalimat ini sudah terdapat noun yaitu
wood dan memerlukan kata sifat atau adjective industrial.
4. ....
A. managed
B. managing
C. management
D. managerial
E. manageable
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 4 adalah B karena dalam kalimat in terdapat preposition in
sehingga diperlukan gerund seperti kata managing
5. ....
A. For example
B. Similarly
C. In addition
D. In contrast
E. Therefore
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 5 adalah E. Karena kalimat ini merupakan concluding sentence
dan conjunction yang tepat untuk kalimat seperti ini adalah E.

Is it true that animals tell us about bad weather is coming? If your dog always comes inside
right before it rains, you may think that animals can predict the weather. You might hear
that cats get frisky as kittens when a bad storm is approaching. It’s probably more accurate
to say that animals react to certain environmental signals that accompany weather changes,
not to the weather itself.
A prevalent opinion is that animals can detect certain events, like earthquakes, as soon as
they happen, even if the originating event is a great distance away. While this ability
wouldn’t make much of a difference to people at the scene of the disaster, it could
conceivably assist those located farther from the epicenter. Some researchers even believe
animals may be able to sense the precursors to these events before they actually strike.
They are saying that animals make greater use of their existing five senses, especially when
compared to humans. However, hard evidence of this is extremely limited; most of the
evidence is anecdotal.
The most critical sense is hearing. There are some sounds people can’t hear. On the low end
of the scale are infrasonic, low-pitched sound vibrations on the hertz frequency scale falling
below 20 hertz (Hz). On the other end are high-pitched sounds, like dog whistles. People
typically hear in a range between 20 and 20,000 Hz (middle-aged adults usually don’t hear
beyond 12,000 or 14,000 Hz). Elephants, however, generally hear between 16 and 12,000
Hz. Cattle also start hearing sound at 16 Hz, but can continue to hear all the way to 40,000
Hz. And earthquake shockwaves and ocean waves produce sounds in the infrasonic range.
Some researchers think certain animals, like elephants, get an early earthquake warning
because they can sense shockwaves in the ground through their large feet. They don’t hear
the sound but they do sense distant, unfamiliar vibrations rolling in that terrify them into
fleeing for safety. How animals, not just elephants, sense these vibrations is generally
unknown. Researchers are examining different organs, body parts and nerve chains in a
variety of species that may be able to pick up sound vibrations that humans just can’t sense.
This theory could also account for the just-in-time-reactions of other animals with less acute
hearing just prior to the tsunami. Researchers note that infrasonic sound produces
uneasiness and nausea in people. Animals may perceive these sound vibrations as
dangerous and instinctively seek safety.
6. The most appropriate title for this passage is ...
A. Animal Behaviors
B. Climate Weather Warnings
C. Signs of Storms
D. Animal Ability to Predict Weather
E. Animals in Bad Weather
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 6 adalah B karena teks ini menjelaskan perilaku binatang saat
terjadi bad weather ataupun sebelum bencana alam.
7. The word "conceivably" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ...
A. indescribably
B. possibly
C. thoughtfully
D. carefully
E. exactly
Kata conceivably memiliki arti yaitu dapat dibayangkan atau dapat dipikirkan dan kata yang
memiliki arti yang sama yaitu indescribaby yang berarti tak terlukiskan sehingga jawaban
untuk soal nomor 7 adalah A.
8. All of the following statements about animals behavior prior to bad weather are
stated in the text, EXCEPT ...
 A. Elephants will fly to find refuge.
B. Dogs will lie quietly outside the door.
C. Cats will roam the house impatiently.
D. Dogs will find refuge in the house.
E. Kittens will jump around the house.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 8 adalah E karena gajah tidak bisa terbang untuk mencari tempat
perlindungan saat terjadi bencana alam.
9. According to the passage, the bad weather warnings shown by the animals ...
A. are very helpful to people in the area
B. help to allocate the center of disaster
C. don’t exist at all and are only hoaxes salah
D. come from all five senses of the animals salah
E. may be useful for people in areas far from the epicenter betul
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 9 adalah A karena teks ini menjelaskan reaksi binatang terhadap
cuaca buruk ataupun bencana alam dan reaksi ini dianggap bisa membantu manusia.
10. The passage is most likely found in a ...
A. popular science magazine
B. weather review
C. natural alarm text
D. warning sign booklet
E. vet handbook
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 10 adalah A karena tema yang diangkat dalam teks adalah tema
yang biasa ditemukan dalam kejadian sehari-hari dan terdapat fakta ilmiah namun istilah
atau keyword dalam teks tidak sebanyak dalam teks jurnal ilmiah. Kemudian bagian paragraf
introduction menggunakan bahasa yang biasa dipakai dalam komunikasi sehari-hari.

READING SECTION 42

The unique combination of ground-floor, first-time moviemakers and international stars

creates an environment that is unlike any other. On the one hand, you have the very grand,
art-above-all philosophy of the Cannes Film Festival, stated on the official Web site as an
intent to be "a crossroads for world cinema", an apolitical "melting pot of creativity"
(2)_____ the "linguistic boundaries should fade away in the face of universal images". On
the other hand, you have the celebrities strolling down the red carpet at the main screening,
the press snapping pictures at every turn, and festival guards who have been unofficially
known to refuse admittance to people whose attire doesn’t meet their standards.
This intense meeting of art, stardom and finance – Cannes is the number-one international
market for first-time films, and multi-million dollar deals are signed there every year –
(3)_____ in the neighborhood of 27,000 film industry representatives, countless tourists and
hardcore film enthusiasts. The perfect warm spring weather in Cannes doesn’t hurt, either.
People from all ages and different background would gather in multitude to celebrate the
event.
The international feel of the festival, the focus on (4)_____ national boundaries in the name
of cinematic art, goes back to the political mood of the 1930s. During that period the fascist
regimes in Europe (5)_____ influence, and this influence was affecting the art world. The
main international film festival at that time was held in Venice, Italy, and in 1939, a French
film was the shoe-in for first place. Instead, a German film and an Italian film – both with
political ties – shared the prize. The French, British and American judges resigned in protest.
All in all, the climate was formidable with the prospect of a very gloomy future at sight.
In response to what was perceived as the political corruption of the film festival in Venice,
France started its own. The Festival International du Film began in 1939; though that one
(7)_____ after a single screening (William Dieterle’s "The Hunchback of Notre Dame")
because Germany invaded Poland and France joined World War II. The festival gave it
another try in 1946, and it stuck. Now known as the Festival de Cannes, what began as a
protest has become (8)_____ in the world.
1. This sentence "The atmosphere of the ceremony is beyond any doubt incomparable
to other situations happening elsewhere." should be put as ...
A. the last sentence of paragraph 1.
B. the last sentence of paragraph 2.
C. the last sentence of paragraph 3.
D. the first sentence of paragraph 4.
E. the last sentence of paragraph 4.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 1 adalah B karena paragraf ke 2 belum lengkap karena tidak
memiliki concluding sentence.
1. ....
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. where in
E. who
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 2 adalah B. Kalimat ini merupakan noun clause dan noun clause
memiliki beberapa pilihan connector atau question word seperti what, where, when, who,
whose, how, which dan yang dapat digunakan untuk kalimat ini adalah in which yang artinya
sama seperti where.
2. ....
A. attracts
B. attracting
C. will attract
D. has attracted
E. is attracting
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 3 adalah A karena subjek dalam kalimat ini adalah “This intense
meeting of art” dan ini merupakan subjek tunggal sehingga kata kerja yang dapat
melengkapi kalimat ini adalah attracts.

3. ....
A. to erase
B. to erasing
C. erasing
D. erased
E. erase
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 4 adalah C karena dalam kalimat ini terdapat preposition on
sehingga harus dilengkapi dengan verb ing yaitu erasing.
4. ....
A. gaining
B. are gaining
C. gained
D. have gained
E. were gaining
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 5 adalah C karena di kalimat sebelumnya terdapat adverb of
time yang merupakan bagian dari past tense sehingga di kalimat ini juga diperlukan verb
dalam bentuk past.
5. The phrase "was the shoe-in for the first time" in paragraph 3 means ...
A. was predicted to win the first place.
B. nearly won the first place.
C. was the winner of the festival.
D. was about the shoe industry.
E. won the award easily
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 6 adalah E karena kalimat ini merupakan ungkapan yang
menyatakan bahwa seseorang dapat memenangkan sesuatu dengan mudah
6. ....
A. have been cancelled
B. had cancelled
C. cancelled
D. was cancelled
E. were cancelling
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 7 adalah C karena kalimat ini merupakan past tense.
7. ....
A. the most widely recognised festival film
B. the most recognised widely film festival
 C. the most widely recognised film festival
D. the most recognised widely festival film
E. the most recognised widely festival films
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 8 adalah C. Frase diatas merupakan adjective phrase yang
bersifat predicative atau kata sifat yang umumnya terletak setelah kata kerja yang
dimodifikasi.
.... (1) Every culture interprets body language, gestures, posture and carriage, vocal noises,
and degree of eye contact differently. (2) A poor traveler might have expected that nodding
his or her head up and down or giving a thumbs-up would indicate yes. (3) However, in the
Middle East, nodding the head down indicates agreement, while nodding it up is a sign of
disagreement. (4) In Japan, an up-and-down nod might just be a signal that someone is
listening. (5) Yet, saying ’thank you’ to appreciate someone signals the same meaning. (6)
The thumbs-up signal is vulgar in Iran. (7) Point with the wrong finger or with anything less
than your entire hand and you risk offending somebody. (8) While some cultures value eye
contact as a sign of respect, averting your eyes may be the sign of respect in others. (9) In
some places, people value a certain degree of personal space in conversation, while those
from the Middle East might get right up in your face when they want to converse. (10)
Restrain the desire to pat a child on the head in Asia; there’s a belief that such a touch
would damage the child’s soul. (11) Clearly body language expresses different things in
other countries.
8. The paragraph should begin with ...
A. Non-verbal communication can be picked up easily in a foreign land.
B. Non-verbal communication will be a start in learning a culture.
C. Natives welcome good intention shown through non-verbal communication.
D. Contrary to popular beliefs, nonverbal communication is not universal.
E. Basic non-verbal communication is the same wherever you go.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 9 adalah B karena di kalimat ke 2 supporting sentencenya
menjelaskan tentang culture.
9. Which of the following sentences is irrelevant?
A. Sentence (3).
B. Sentence (5).
C. Sentence (7).
D. Sentence (8).
E. Sentence (10).
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 10 adalah B karena kalimat ini tidak sesuai dengan penjelasan di
kalimat sesudah dan sebelumnya.

READING SECTION 43
Current wisdom inclines toward the view that disasters are not exceptional events. They
tend to be repetitive and to concentrate in particular places. With regard to natural
catastrophes, seismic and volcanic belts, hurricane-generating areas and unstable slopes are
well known. Moreover, the frequency of events and therefore their statistical recurrence
intervals are often fairly well established at least for the smaller and more frequent
occurrences. Many technological hazards also follow more or less predictable patterns,
although these may become apparent only when research reveals them. Finally, intelligence
gathering, strategic studies, and policy analyses can help us to understand __2__. Thus,
there is little excuse for being caught unprepared.
The main scope of emergency planning is to reduce the risk to life and limb posed by actual
and potential disasters. Secondary motives involve reducing damage, ensuring public safety
during the aftermath of a disaster, and caring for survivors and the __3__. Inefficiencies in
planning are translated very easily into loss of life, injuries, or damage that could have been
avoided. Thus, emergency planning is at least a moral, and perhaps also a legal,
responsibility for all those __4__ are involved with the safety of the public or employees.
Moreover, planning cannot be successfully improvised during emergencies; this represents
one of the worst forms of inefficiency and most likely sources of error and confusion.
Fortunately, however, 50 years of intensive research and accumulated experience have
furnished an ample basis for planning.
Given that disasters tend to be repetitive events, they __5__ a cycle that can be divided into
phases of mitigation, preparedness, response and delivery, including reconstruction. The
first two stages occur before catastrophe strikes and the last two afterwards. The actions
taken differ for each of the periods, as different needs are tackled. Mitigation comprises all
actions designed __6__ of future disasters. These are usually divided into structural
measures and non-structural measures, which include land-use planning, insurance,
legislation, and evacuation planning. The term preparedness refers to actions taken to ease
the impact of disasters when they are forecast. They also include security measures, such as
the evacuation of vulnerable populations and sandbagging of river levees as flood-waters
begin to rise. Response refers to emergency actions taken during __7__. The principal
emphasis is on saving human lives. Victims are rescued and the immediate needs of
survivors are attended to. (24) Recovery is the process of repairing damage, restoring
services, and reconstructing facilities after disaster has struck. While major catastrophes
__8__ take as long as 25 years to recover, much less time is needed in lighter impacts or
disasters that strike smaller areas.
1. The word “exceptional events” can be replaced by...
A. Extraordinary occasion
B. Common things
C. Unusual
D. Happend
E. Unimportant things
Jawaban untuk nomor 1 adalah A karena exceptioanl events memiliki arti yang sama dengan
extraordinary occasion.
 2. ...
A. resulting from the pattern of emergencies conflict and insurgence
B. the pattern of emergencies from conflict and insurgence resulting
C. the pattern of emergencies from resulting conflict and insurgence
D. the pattern of emergencies resulting from conflict and insurgence
E. resulting the pattern of emergencies from conflict and insurgence
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 2 adalah D. Karena opsi D merupakan konstruksi kalimat yang
tepat untuk melengkapi jawaban nomor 2.
3. ...
A. disadvantage
B. disadvantaged
C. disadvantaging
D. to disadvantage
E. to be disadvantaged
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 3 adalah B. Karena arti disadvateged dalam kalimat ini berarti
orang yang kurang beruntung dan seperti di kata sebelumnya yaitu survivor yang berarti
penyintas sehingga kata survivor dan disadvataged merupakan padanan yang serupa.
4. ...
A. which
B. whose
C. whom
D. who
E. why
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 4 adalah D. kalimat ini merupakan relative clause yang
menerangkan subjek orang sehingga connector yang tepat adalah who.
5. ...
A. will form
B. has formed
C. form
D. formed
E. are forming
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 5 adalah C karena kalimat ini merupakan present tense dan
subjeknya jamak sehingga verb yang tepat adalah form.
6. ...
A. to avoid the impact
B. to expand the impact
C. to restrict the impact
D. to discontinue the impact
E. to reduce the impact
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 6 adalah A karena kata yang dibutuhkan dalam kalimat ini adalah
to avoid atau menghindari dampak bencana yang akan datang.

7. ...
A. both the impact of a disaster and the short-term aftermath
B. either the impact of a disaster nor the short-term aftermath
C. neither the impact of a disaster or the short-term aftermath
D. the impact of a disaster to the short-term aftermath
E. both the impact of a disaster rather than the short-term aftermath
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 7 adalah A karena konstruksi grammar kalimat both and yang
benar ada di opsi A.
8. ...
A. must
B. has to
C. should
D. may
E. had better
Jawban nomor 8 adalah C karena kalimat ini menyatakan prediksi atau perkiraan.
More often than not, disagreements are based not on differences in reasoning, but in the
values, assumptions, or information brought to bear. (2) If we believe that all politicians are
crooks, we will infer that a specific politician’s actions are scurrilous. (3) If we believe that
politicians act for the good of all, we will look for some benefit in their actions. (4) Either
way, we will try to use reason to explain the actions. (5) We will look for some coherent
explanation as a way of making sense of things. (6) As we saw earlier, if we can understand
why someone would do something, why someone might say something, why someone
might act in a certain way, we feel we have made sense of the act or statement. (7) It’s like a
murder trial: if we can put together opportunity, motive, and means, we can make a case.
(8) The more evidence we have before us, and the more carefully we reason, the more valid
our inferences. (9) Our inferences are not based on evidence. (10) This principle is also
relevant in reading a text.
9. Which of the following sentences is irrelevant?
A. Sentence 3
B. Sentence 5
C. Sentence 7
D. Sentence 8
E. Sentence 9
Jawban untuk soal nomor 9 adalah E karena kalimat ini tidak berhubungan dengan kalimat
sebelum dan sesudahnya.
10. The following paragraph most likely discusses ...
 A. valid evidence and reasons for reading a text
B. explanation on the principle of reading a text
C. the relevance of the principle in text reading
D. valid principle to infer a reading text
E. differences in reasoning and inferencing
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 10 adalah C. Kalimat terakhir paragraf menjelaskan hubungan
atau relevansi antara prinsip yang telah dipaparkan dengan prinsip membaca suatu teks.

READING SECTION 44
(1) Wild animals have been kept in captivity for thousands of years, often as symbols of
power or religious significance. (2) However, what is now recognized as the modern zoo was
developed in the early part of the 19th century with London, Paris and Dublin zoos opening
within a few years of each other. (3) This coincided with the Victorian fascination with
natural history and increasing urbanization of the population of Europe, and these 19th
century zoos proved to be immensely popular, with millions flocking to see unusual animals
from far off lands. (4) The majority of zoos served simply to display animals, with the more
advanced among them, also utilizing their collections for the study of zoology. (5) By visiting
zoos people make a direct contribution through entry tickets to maintaining the threatened
species in zoos. (6) However, over time good zoos have changed their mission and focus due
to a growing realization and documentation of the decline in wildlife, driven mostly by loss
of habitat. (7) From the mid-20th century these zoos have been finding ways to help
conserve wild animals and their habitats, and the animals now fulfill a number of roles, from
education to ambassadors for their species.
1. Which of the following sentences is irrelevant?
A. Sentence 2
B. Sentence 4
C. Sentence 5
D. Sentence 6
E. Sentence 7
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 1 adalah B. Karena di kalimat ini disebutkan tentang the study of
zoology dan di kalimat berikutnya tidak dijelaskan lebih detail mengenai the study of
zoology.
2. The following paragraph most likely discusses ...
A. reasons why people enjoy going to zoos
B. conservation of animals in the wilderness
C. effects of the changing roles of modern zoos
D. challenges of keeping animals in modern zoos
E. examples of zoo animals performing various roles
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 2 adalah E karena di kalimat terakhir dijelaskan mengenai
berbagai peran dari zoo animals untuk berbagai kebutuhan.
The threat to our health from environmental poisons, and specifically heavy metals, is
increasing every day. Lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and copper poisoning are becoming
epidemic. Lead and mercury come mostly from polluted air plus industrial and medical uses,
such as lead containing paint and mercury-containing amalgam dental fillings. Contaminated
fish are also a common source of mercury poisoning. Copper enters our bodies usually from
copper water piper, commonly used in plumbing.
Heavy metal poisoning is difficult to treat. Chelation treatment is the only known medical
treatment that is effective in detoxifying the body of heavy metal. Now, the Japanese study
conducted by Drs Ikezoe and Kitahara, shows that Kyolic, a raw garlic extract developed in
Japan, is effective in protecting the body from the toxic effects of heavy metal poisoning.
Dr. Kitahara and his co-workers, Ikezoe and Yamada, conducted controlled studies on
animals (rabbits) and humans. The method of study was: observation of release of
potassium and hemoglobin by heavy metals from erythocytes, and destruction of the
erythrocyte membrane. The conclusion of the study was that garlic preparation prevented
the poisoning effect arising from heavy metals and protected the erythrocyte membrane
from destruction.
In another study, conducted in Russia, a drug made from garlic extract was given to workers
in industrial plants who were suffering from chronic lead poisoning. The daily doses of garlic
improved the symptoms of chronic lead poisoning and lowered the high porphyrin levels in
the urine. The preparation also normalized the elevated blood pressure in the majority of
workers. Russian researchers believe that the efficacy of the garlic preparation is due to
garlic’s high content of sulfur compounds.
3. The passage tells us about which of the following?
A. The problem of heavy metals in everyday life
B. The increasing number of heavy metals
C. The threat of heavy metals to our health
D. Heavy metal poisoning and garlic
E. Environmental poisons
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 3 adalah D karena teks menjelaskan mengenai keracunan logam
berat dan solusinya dengan memberikan treatment kepada beberapa sample dengan
menggunakan ekstrak bawang putih.
4. It can be inferred that motorbike riders without masks may inhale
A. copper
B. cadmium
C. lead
D. arsenic
E. amalgam
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 4 adalah C. Ini dijelaskan di paragraf pertama kalimat ke 2 dan ke
3.
5. The word “contaminated” in line 4 can best be replaced by ...
 A. poisoned
B. polluted
C. rotten
D. dead
E. unhealthy
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 5 adalah B. Contaminated memiliki arti yang sama dengan
polluted yaitu artinya tercemar.
6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the pasaage?
A. The erythrocyte membrane is important to protect us from heavy metal poisoning.
B. Heavy metals may harm the erythrocyte membrane.
C. The damage of the erythrocyte membrane is harmful to human beings.
D. The erythrocyte membrane is immune to heavy metals.
E. The erythrocyte membrane is indestructible.

7. Who reported the use of garlic to help workers in industrial plants suffering from
chronic lead poisoning?
A. The Japanese government
B. Drs. Ikezoe and Kitahara
C. Dr Kitahara, Ikezoe and Yamada
D. The Russian government
E. Russian researchers
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 7 adalah E. Ini dijelaskan di topic sentence paragraf terakhir.
8. According to the passage, the use of garlic...
A. may increase blood pressure
B. may decrease high blood pressure
C. regulates blood pressure
D. maintain normal blood pressure
E. is good to elevate blood pressure
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 8 adalah

9. The word “efficacy” in line 20 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

A. effectiveness
B. use
C. consumption
D. result
E. strength
efficacy memiliki arti yaitu manjur dan kosakata yang memiliki arti yang sama adalah
effectiveness (A).
10. What makes Russian researchers recommend the use of garlic is that it ...
A. is inexpensive
B. is available everywhere
 C. is suitable for eating
D. contains certain chemical compounds
E. has a lot of functions
Jawaban untuk nomor 10 adalah E. Di paragraf terakhir dijelaskan mengenai fungsi bawang
putih dan dijelaskan bahwa bawang putih memiliki banyak fungsi diantaranya adalah
“improved the symptoms of chronic lead poisoning and lowered the high porphyrin levels in
the urine. The preparation also normalized the elevated blood pressure in the majority of
workers.”

READING SECTION 45
1. Yayat stopped... his letter because he had to leave for the hospital
A. To write
B. Writing
C. Being written
D. Written
E. To have written

Jawaban untuk soal nomor 1 adalah B. Kata stop harus diikuting dengan gerund atau verb
ing.
2. .... a new language can be very interesting
A. Learn
B. Learned
C. Learning
D. To learning
E. To be learning
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 2 adalah C. Untuk mengawali sebuah kalimat harus
menggunakan gerund atau ing form.
A forgotten issue in urbanism is land use during the night time, with problems such as noise
and dirt, which could be improved with information from Twitter. At least this is what
Enrique and Vanessa Frías-Martínez believe, computer science researchers at Telefonica
Research and the University of Maryland (USA) respectively, who have suggested using
geolocalized tweets for urban planning and land use.
Enrique Frías-Martínez explained that geolocalized tweets can be a very useful source of
information for planning since it is an activity carried out by a large number of people who
provide information on where they are at a specific time and what they are doing. The
researcher points out that thanks to the increased use of smartphones, social networks like
Twitter and Facebook have made it possible to access and produce information
ubiquitously.
These networks generate tags with the event’s geolocation. The new technique
"automatically determines land uses in urban areas by grouping together geographical
regions with similar patterns of Twitter activity," says the researcher. Using aggregate
activity of tweets, the Frías-Martínez siblings have studied land use in Manhattan, Madrid
and London. In the first two cases they identified four uses: residential, business, daytime
leisure (mainly parks and tourist areas) and nightlife areas. The study has determined that,
in Madrid, night-time tweet activity is concentrated on weekends and in Manhattan, on
weekdays. On the other hand, London is characterized by its tweeting activity in daytime
leisure areas.
3. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
A. Many people like to use geolocation tags on Twitter.
B. Information from social networks can be accessed universally.
C. Geolocalized tweets can be useful for urban planning.
D. Complex patterns of Twitter activities can finally be identified. ‘
E. Problems concerning urbanism are often neglected and forgotten.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 3 adalah C. Teks dari paragraf 1 sampai 3 menjelaskan
bagaimana dua orang peneliti menangani isu urbanism terutama yang berkaitan dengan
land use in night time dan sebagai solusi peneliti ini menggunakan geolocalized tweets.
4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE about the study?
A. It shows that people in London mostly tweet in daytime leisure areas.
B. The focus of the study is land use in Manhattan, Madrid and London.
C. Residential, business, daytime leisure and nightlife areas could be identified.
D. Manhattan and Madrid’s night-time tweet activities are concentrated differently.
E. The researchers could identify four land uses in Manhattan, Madrid and London.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 4 adalah C. Karena di paragraf ke 3 dijelaskan bahwa keempat
poin ini hanya diidentifikasi di dua area pertama seperti yang dinyatakan dalam kalimat
berikut “In the first two cases they identified four uses: residential, business, daytime leisure
(mainly parks and tourist areas) and nightlife areas”
5. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ...
A. compare Facebook and Twitter users in terms of geolocation tags.
B. argue that social networks do not necessarily reflect users’ activities.
C. persuade people to stop using geolocation tags to protect their privacy.
D. inform the possible use of Twitter data for studying and planning land use.
E. illustrate the urgency of solving various problems concerning urban planning.
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 5 adalah E. Teks menjelaskan bagaimana peneliti menggunakan
geolocalized tweets untuk land use di 3 kota negara maju dan diperoleh hasil 4 kegunaan
yaitu residential, business, daytime leisure and nightlife areas.
6. This text would probably be found in ...
A. a popular science magazine
B. a brochure
C. an academic journal
D. a newsletter
 E. a tabloid
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 6 adalah A karena teks ini menggunakan riset dan menampilkan
data namun berbeda dengan academic journal dimana banyak data dan hasil penelitian
yang ditampilkan serta penggunaan kosakata ilmiah yang jauh lebih banyak.
7. The tone of this passage is ...
A. harsh
B. neutral
C. critical
D. didactic mendidik
E. satirical menyindir
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 7 adalah C. Penulis secara kritis menjelaskan bagaimana
penggunaan geolocation twitter dalam urban planning di kota-kota besar di beberapa
negara maju.
8. The word “carried out” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by...
A. Undertake
B. Daytime
C. Urgency
D. Concentrated
E. Access
Kata carry out memiliki arti melakukan dan kosakata yang sama artinya dengan carry out
adalah undertake.

9. The word “ubiquitously” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by...

A. In one place
B. Omnipresent
C. Neglected
D. Produce
E. Possible
Kata ubiquitously memiliki arti dimana-mana dan kata yang memiliki arti yang sama adalah
omnipresent.
10. Enrique Frías-Martínez put forward that geolocalized tweets...
A. automatically determines land uses in urban areas by grouping together
geographical regions
B. a very useful source of information
C. concentrated on weekends and in Manhattan
D. have studied land use in Manhattan, Madrid and London.
E. points out that thanks to the increased use of smartphones and social networks
Jawaban untuk soal nomor 10 adalah B. Kalimat ini tinggal dicocokan saja dengan
penjelasan yang ada di paragraf ke 2.