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Homework Week 3

The document describes an experiment investigating the effect of different mixing techniques on the tensile strength of Portland cement. Four mixing techniques were tested with 4 replicates each, and the tensile strength data were collected and presented in a table. A hypothesis test was conducted to determine if the mixing techniques affected the mean tensile strength. The test statistic, p-value, and conclusion were presented. R code was provided to perform the statistical analysis.

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46 views

Homework Week 3

The document describes an experiment investigating the effect of different mixing techniques on the tensile strength of Portland cement. Four mixing techniques were tested with 4 replicates each, and the tensile strength data were collected and presented in a table. A hypothesis test was conducted to determine if the mixing techniques affected the mean tensile strength. The test statistic, p-value, and conclusion were presented. R code was provided to perform the statistical analysis.

Uploaded by

danazhang9067
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Homework Week 3

Saad Mirza
Last compiled on September 25, 2022 at 10:59 PM -
CDT

1 Question 3.7:
The tensile strength of Portland cement is being studied. Four different
mixing techniques can be used economically. A completely randomized
experiment was conducted and the following data were collected:

Observations of Tensile Strength

Mixing
Technique 1 2 3 4

1 3129 3000 2865 2890

2 3200 3300 2975 3150

3 2800 2900 2985 3050

4 2600 2700 2600 2765

1 Question 3.7:
a. Test the hypothesis that mixing techniques affect the strength of
1.1 Handwritten the cement. Use ( α = 0.05)
Solution:

2 Question 3.10: 1.1 Handwritten Solution:


3 Question 3.20:

4 Source Code
for Problem 3.20:
3.7 Page 1
3.7 Page 2
3.7 Page 3
3.7 Page 4

3.7 Page 5

2 Question 3.10:
A product developer is investigating the tensile strength of a new
synthetic fiber that will be used to make cloth for men’s shirts. Strength
is usually affected by the percentage of cotton used in the blend of
materials for the fiber. The engineer conducts a completely randomized
experiment with five levels of cotton content and replicates the
experiment five times. The data are shown in the following table.

Observations of Tensile Strength of cloth fibre

(a) Is there evidence to support the claim that


cotton content affects the mean tensile strength?
Use α =0.05

Cotton Weight

Percent 1 2 3 4 5

15 7 7 15 11 9

20 12 17 12 18 18

25 14 19 19 18 18

30 19 25 22 19 23

35 7 10 11 15 11

2.1 Handwritten Solution:

3.10 Page 1
3.10 Page 2
3.10 Page 3
3.10 Page 4

3 Question 3.20:
An article in the ACI Materials Journal (Vol. 84, 1987, pp. 213–216)
describes several experiments investigating the rodding of concrete to
remove entrapped air. A 3-inch & 6-inch cylinder was used, and the
number of times this rod was used is the design variable. The resulting
compressive strength of the concrete specimen is the response. The
data are shown in the following table:

Observations for Tensile Strength

(a) Is there any difference in compressive


strength due to the rodding level? Use α =
0.05. (b) Find the P-value for the F statistic
in part (a).
Rodding
1 2 3
Level

10 1530 1530 1440

15 1610 1650 1500

20 1560 1730 1530

25 1500 1490 1510

3.1 Solution with R-Studio (As


mentioned):
Reading the Data:

PART A):

Ho : μ1 = μ2 = μ3 = μ4

Ha : Atleast one μi Dif f ers (i = 1, 2, 3, 4)

rod10<-c(1530,1530,1440)
rod15<-c(1610,1650,1500)
rod20<-c(1560,1730,1530)
rod25<-c(1500,1490,1510)
rodadd<-rbind(rod10,rod15,rod20,rod25)
print(rodadd)

## [,1] [,2] [,3]


## rod10 1530 1530 1440
## rod15 1610 1650 1500
## rod20 1560 1730 1530
## rod25 1500 1490 1510

r10<-mean(rod10)
r15<-mean(rod15)
r20<-mean(rod20)
r25<-mean(rod25)

Finding SSE, SStreatment, MSE, MStreatment:

SSE10 <- (1530-r10)^2 + (1530-r10)^2 + (1440-r10)^2


SSE15 <- (1610-r15)^2 + (1650-r15)^2 + (1500-r15)^2
SSE20 <- (1560-r20)^2 + (1730-r20)^2 + (1530-r20)^2
SSE25 <- (1500-r25)^2 + (1490-r25)^2 + (1510-r25)^2

SSE & MSE:


SSE<- SSE10 + SSE15 + SSE20 + SSE25
print(SSE)

## [1] 40933.33

MSE<- SSE/(12-4)
print(MSE)

## [1] 5116.667

SStreatment & MStreatment:

mean <- c(mean(rodadd))


print(mean)

## [1] 1548.333

SStreatment <- 3*((r10 - mean)^2 + (r15 - mean)^2 + (r2


0 - mean)^2 + (r25 - mean)^2)
print(SStreatment)

## [1] 28633.33

MStreatment<-SStreatment/(4-1)
print(MStreatment)

## [1] 9544.444

Sum Squared Total (SST):

SST<-SSE+SStreatment
print(SST)

## [1] 69566.67

Finding F-Statistic:

Fo<-MStreatment/MSE
print(Fo)

## [1] 1.865364

Finding Critical Value of F: using F-Distribution Command (qf)


?qf
Fcritical<-qf(0.95,3,8)
print(Fcritical)

## [1] 4.066181

PART B): Finding P-Value

Using F-Distribution Command:

?pf
Pvalue<-pf(1.86536, 3, 8, lower.tail = FALSE)
print(Pvalue)

## [1] 0.2137821

Conclusion:

----> Since our F-Statistic Value (1.865) is less than critical value (4.066),
so we fail to reject Ho and thus we conclude that there is no difference in
compressive strength due to the rodding level.

----> P-value = 0.2138

3.2 Handwritten Solution:


Date:
FindlingSST,SStreet, SSE T
v 2 3
1530 1530 1440 450
1)
15 1610 1650 1500 476
2)
3) 20 1566 1730 1530 47
25 1800 14901510 450
4
.
¥00=4900+1760+170+4520
= 18,590
ど・

Finding CST→
4
2
SSTE 三三⾏⼀
z1j
whereN=4x3=12

= 52541155034-C15107
3.20 Part A Page 1 2883760G 287680
=28744900 296
SST -4-69691,67
69566-66

FindingSStrestment=
2
SStrestmat= 三啦⼀
n

T(450)+(41760)1(4790)1/4
3号 863.10000

CaSeraSStrestmat:=86101700-(1858'0)
58'0)
CaSeraSStrestmat:=86101700-(1812
3

3.20 Part A Page 2

4 Source Code for Problem


3.20:
getwd()

##Question 3.20::

#PART A)

#Reading the Data:


rod10<-c(1530,1530,1440)
rod15<-c(1610,1650,1500)
rod20<-c(1560,1730,1530)
rod25<-c(1500,1490,1510)
rodadd<-rbind(rod10,rod15,rod20,rod25)
print(rodadd)

r10<-mean(rod10)
r15<-mean(rod15)
r20<-mean(rod20)
r25<-mean(rod25)

#Finding SSE,SStreatment,MSE,MStreatment::
SSE10 <- (1530-r10)^2 + (1530-r10)^2 + (1440-r10)^2
SSE15 <- (1610-r15)^2 + (1650-r15)^2 + (1500-r15)^2
SSE20 <- (1560-r20)^2 + (1730-r20)^2 + (1530-r20)^2
SSE25 <- (1500-r25)^2 + (1490-r25)^2 + (1510-r25)^2

SSE<- SSE10 + SSE15 + SSE20 + SSE25


print(SSE)

#MSE:
MSE<- SSE/(12-4)
print(MSE)

#SStreatment::
mean <- c(mean(rodadd))
print(mean)

SStreatment <- 3*((r10 - mean)^2 + (r15 - mean)^2 + (r2


0 - mean)^2 + (r25 - mean)^2)
print(SStreatment)

#MStreatment:
MStreatment<-SStreatment/(4-1)
print(MStreatment)

#SST::
SST<-SSE+SStreatment
print(SST)

#F-Statistic:
Fo<-MStreatment/MSE
print(Fo)

#Critical Value:
?qf
Fcritical<-qf(0.95,3,8)
print(Fcritical)

#PART B)
?pf
Pvalue<-pf(1.86536, 3, 8, lower.tail = FALSE)
print(Pvalue)

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