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Conditional Sentences

This document describes the three main types of conditional sentences in English: 1) Zero conditional sentences use the present tense to describe general truths or scientific facts. 2) First conditional sentences use the present or future tense to talk about possible events in the present or future. 3) Second conditional sentences use the past tense to talk about unlikely or hypothetical events in the present or future. 4) Third conditional sentences use the past perfect tense to talk about events that did not actually happen in the past.

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18 views2 pages

Conditional Sentences

This document describes the three main types of conditional sentences in English: 1) Zero conditional sentences use the present tense to describe general truths or scientific facts. 2) First conditional sentences use the present or future tense to talk about possible events in the present or future. 3) Second conditional sentences use the past tense to talk about unlikely or hypothetical events in the present or future. 4) Third conditional sentences use the past perfect tense to talk about events that did not actually happen in the past.

Uploaded by

conchi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

conditionaltype 0>>ZERO CONDITIONAL

IF + SIMPLE PRESENT + SIMPLE PRESENT


Used for scientific facts or general truths

If you heat butter, it melts.


Si calientas manteca, ésta se derrite.
If you put water in a cooler, it freezes.
Si colocas agua en el congelador, ésta se congela.
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
Si calientas agua a 100 grados, ésta hierve.
If you cross an international date line, the time changes.
Si cruzas una línea de tiempo internacional, la hora cambia.
If iron gets wet, it rusts.
Si el hierro se moja, se oxida.

conditional type I >> FIRST CONDITIONAL

Used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future.
It´s generally used for things which mayhappen

a) IF + SIMPLE PRESENT + SIMPLE FUTURE (WILL)


If you study hard, you will pass your exams.
Si estudias intensamente aprobarás tus exámenes.

If we do not protect the panda bears, they will soon become extinct.
Si no protegemos a los osos panda, pronto se extinguirán.

b) IMPERATIVE + OR / AND + SIMPLE FUTURE


Used for threats and promises (usadoparaexpresaramenazas y promesas)

Don't say a word about this, or I will kill you.


No cuentes una palabra de esto o te mato.

Finish your job, and you will have a bonus.


Termina tu tarea y tendrás una gratificación.

conditional type II>>SECOND CONDITIONAL

Used to talk about things which are unreal (not true or not possible) in the
present or the future.It is generally used for things which don't or won't happen

IF + SIMPLE PAST + SIMPLE CONDITIONAL (WOULD + infinitive)


If FIRST verb in the sentence is TO BE, WERE is used for all persons.

If I were rich, I would buy a castle.


Si fuera rico, compraría un castillo.
If I were him, I would go and see a doctor.
Si fuera él -en su lugar- consultaría con un médico.
If elephants had wings, they would be able to fly.
Si los elefantes tuvieran alas, podrían volar.

conditional type III>>THIRD CONDITIONAL


Used to talk about unreal situations in the past, that is, things which did not
happen in the past

IF + PAST PERFECT + CONDITIONAL PERFECT (WOULD HAVE +pp)


If I had known that you were sick, I would have gone to see you.
Si hubiese sabido que estabas enfermo, te habría ido a ver.
The real situation was that I didn't know you were sick. So I say If I had known... When you are
talking about the past, you use the Past Perfect (I had known) after IF.

If you had saved your money, you could have bought a laptop.
Si hubieses ahorrado tu dinero, podrías haberte comprado una computadora.
The real situation was that you didn't save your money. So they say If you had saved... When you
are talking about the past, you use the Past Perfect (you had saved) after IF.

If you hadn't been late for work so often, they wouldn't have fired you.
Si no hubieses llegado tarde al trabajo tan seguido, no te habrían despedido.
The real situation was that you wasn't early for work. So they say If you hadn't been late... When
you are talking about the past, you use the Past Perfect (you hadn't been late) after IF.

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