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Smoking causes numerous health issues and is the leading preventable cause of death globally, killing over 7 million people per year. Smoking during pregnancy can harm the baby by increasing risks of low birth weight, preterm delivery, and impaired fetal growth. Quitting smoking provides numerous health benefits including reduced risk of cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, and many other conditions. Quitting smoking improves overall health and quality of life.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
30 views

English Test

Smoking causes numerous health issues and is the leading preventable cause of death globally, killing over 7 million people per year. Smoking during pregnancy can harm the baby by increasing risks of low birth weight, preterm delivery, and impaired fetal growth. Quitting smoking provides numerous health benefits including reduced risk of cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, and many other conditions. Quitting smoking improves overall health and quality of life.

Uploaded by

yashun491
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

“TOBACCO AND, PREGNANCY”

Jin Andwele Carcedo

10- WISDOM
It is showed that 1.1 billion people are smoking, causing death around
7.7 million a year. What is the cause and, effect of this problem? Most
researchers, say it is not good, here is why:

Smoking rates are still highest in the most deprived areas, with 35% of
people living in the most deprived areas of Scotland smoking compared
to 10% in the least deprived areas. Many people smoke because it’s a
way they’ve learned to cope with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
symptoms, negative moods, and the stress of daily life. Smoking causes
cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and
chronic bronchitis. Smoking also increases risk for tuberculosis, certain
eye diseases, and problems of the immune system, including rheumatoid
arthritis.

We estimated the impacts of two options for reducing smoking rates on


health and health inequalities in our ‘Informing Interventions to reduce
health Inequalities’ (Triple I) project. We included smoking cessation
services and a 10% increase to tobacco taxation. The project outputs
allow users to alter the number of individuals treated by smoking
cessation services and the targeting strategy (E.G, to deprived areas) in
order to estimate results for local areas as well as for Scotland.
Increasing tobacco taxation had the largest effect on improving health
and reducing inequalities, but smoking cessation services were also
found to be beneficial if targeted where most needed. Quitting smoking
is one of the most important actions people who smoke can take to
reduce their risk for cardiovascular disease.
Quitting smoking1:
reduces the risk of disease and death from cardiovascular disease.
reduces markers of inflammation and hypercoagulability.
leads to rapid improvement in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C) levels.
reduces the development of subclinical atherosclerosis and slows its
progression over time.
reduces the risk of coronary heart disease with risk falling sharply 1-2
years after cessation and then declining more slowly over the longer
term.
reduces the risk of disease and death from stroke with risk approaching
that of never smokers after cessation.
reduces the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm, with risk reduction
increasing with time since cessation.
may reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation, sudden cardiac death, heart
failure, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral arterial disease
(PAD).
People already diagnosed with coronary heart disease also benefit from
quitting smoking.

Quitting smoking after a diagnosis of coronary heart disease1:

reduces the risk of premature death.


reduces the risk of death from heart disease,
reduces the risk of having a first heart attack or another heart attack.
Quitting smoking is one of the most important actions women who
smoke can take for a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby. The best
time for women to quit smoking is before they try to get pregnant. But
quitting at any time during pregnancy can benefit mother and baby’s
health. 1

Doctor checking pregnant patient's belly


before pregnancy or early in pregnancy reduces the risk for a small-for-
gestational-age baby.
during pregnancy reduces the risk of delivering a low birth, weight
baby.
early in pregnancy eliminates the adverse effects of smoking on fetal
growth.
before pregnancy or early in pregnancy may reduce the risk of preterm
delivery.

Effects the nicotine can do to your body,

Brains, nicotine from cigarettes is as addictive as heroin. Nicotine


addiction is hard to beat because it changes your brain. The brain
develops extra nicotine receptors to accommodate the large doses of
nicotine from tobacco. When the brain stops getting the nicotine it’s
used to, the result is nicotine withdrawal. You may feel anxious,
irritable, and have strong cravings for nicotine.
Ears, one effect of smoking is reduced oxygen supply to the cochlea, a
snail-shaped organ in the inner ear. This may result in permanent
damage to the cochlea and mild to moderate hearing loss.

Eyes, smoking causes physical changes in the eyes that can threaten
your eyesight. One of the effects of nicotine from cigarettes restricts the
production of a chemical necessary for you to be able to see at night.
Also, smoking increases your risk of developing cataracts and macular
degeneration (both can lead to blindness).

Mouth, smoking takes a toll on your mouth. Smokers have more oral
health problems than non-smokers, like mouth sores, ulcers and gum
disease. You are more likely to have cavities and lose your teeth at a
younger age. You are also more likely to get cancers of the mouth and
throat.

Face, smoking can cause your skin to be dry and lose elasticity, leading
to wrinkles and stretch marks. Your skin tone may become dull and
grayish. By your early 30s, wrinkles can begin to appear around your
mouth and eyes, adding years to your face.

Heart, smoking raises your blood pressure and puts stress on your
heart. Over time, stress on the heart can weaken it, making it less able
to pump blood to other parts of your body. Carbon monoxide from
inhaled cigarette smoke also contributes to a lack of oxygen, making the
heart work even harder. This increases the risk of heart disease,
including heart attacks.
Smoking makes your blood thick and sticky. The stickier the blood, the
harder your heart must work to move it around your body. Sticky blood
is also more likely to form blood clots that block blood flow to your
heart, brain, and legs. Over time, thick, sticky blood damages the
delicate lining of your blood vessels. This damage can increase your
risk for a heart attack or stroke.
Fatty Deposits, smoking increases the cholesterol and unhealthy fats
circulating in the blood, leading to unhealthy fatty deposits. Over time,
cholesterol, fats, and other debris build up on the walls of your arteries.
This buildup narrows the arteries and blocks normal blood flow to the
heart, brain, and legs. Blocked blood flow to the heart or brain can
cause a heart attack or stroke. Blockage in the blood vessels of your legs
could result in the amputation of your toes or feet.

Lungs, smokers' lungs experience inflammation in the small airways


and tissues of your lungs. This can make your chest feel tight or cause
you to wheeze or feel short of breath. Continued inflammation builds up
scar tissue, which leads to physical changes to your lungs and airways
that can make breathing hard. Years of lung irritation can give you a
chronic cough with mucus.
Emphysema, smoking destroys the tiny air sacs, or alveoli, in the lungs
that allow oxygen exchange. When you smoke, you are damaging some
of those air sacs. Alveoli don’t grow back, so when you destroy them,
you have permanently destroyed part of your lungs. When enough
alveoli are destroyed, the disease emphysema develops. Emphysema
causes severe shortness of breath and can lead to death.

DNA, your body is made up of cells that contain genetic material, or


DNA, that acts as an “instruction manual” for cell growth and function.
Every single puff of a cigarette causes damages to your DNA. When
DNA is damaged, the “instruction manual” gets messed up, and the cell
can begin growing out of control and create a cancer tumor. Your body
tries to repair the damage that smoking does to your DNA, but over
time, smoking can wear down this repair system and lead to cancer (like
lung cancer). One-third of all cancer deaths are caused by tobacco.

Belly, need another reason why smoking is bad for you? Bigger belly.
Smokers have bigger bellies and less muscle than non-smokers. They
are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes, even if they don’t smoke
every day. Smoking also makes it Need another reason why smoking is
bad for you? Bigger belly. Smokers have bigger bellies and less muscle
than non-smokers. They are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes, even
if they don’t smoke every day. Smoking also makes it harder to control
diabetes once you already have it. Diabetes is a serious disease that can
lead to blindness, heart disease, kidney failure, and amputations.

Hormones, smoking lowers a female’s level of estrogen. Low estrogen


levels can cause dry skin, thinning hair, and memory problems. Women
who smoke have a harder time getting pregnant and having a healthy
baby. Smoking can also lead to early menopause, which increases your
risk of developing certain diseases (like heart disease).

Life without cigarettes is not all doom and gloom. In fact, successful
quitters are more satisfied with their lives and feel healthier, both one
year and three years afterwards, than those who continue to smoke.
That's according to new research by Dr. Megan Piper, from the
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in the
US, and her team. Their work, which looks at whether quitting smoking
can improve psychological well-being, is published online in Springer's
journal Annals of Behavioral Medicine. There is no doubt that giving up
smoking improves health and saves lives. What is less clear is how
quitting smoking affects ex-smokers' quality of life. Smokers hold strong
beliefs about how stopping smoking will reduce their quality of life.
Positive experiences of smoking cessation, including improved well-
being, could be used by clinicians to educate and motivate individuals to
stop smoking.
When you decide to quit smoking, it's essential to redefine yourself as a
non-smoker and create a new identity appropriate to the life you decide
to lead. This will be helpful during difficult times, and will help you
remember the reasons why you decided to quit. Above all, it will help
you realize that before you quit, you weren't just a smoker: you are
much more than that. Now that you are no longer a smoker, you are
also stronger and freer: stronger, because you have managed to turn
your back on your dependence, and freer, because cigarette no longer
controls you.

Building your new identity as a non-smoker will help you quit smoking.
To create your new identity, ask yourself why you smoke, and find ways
to get rid of your interest in cigarettes. This could be by shifting that
interest to something else, such as sport. To relearn how to live without
tobacco, you must no longer feel concerned about cigarettes, which now
belong to your old life. Avoid being with smokers when they smoke, so
that you are not exposed to passive smoking and to those actions that
were previously part of your habits.

As you build your new identity as a non-smoker, you will have asked
yourself why you started smoking and why you continue to smoke. These
reasons were certainly needs; perhaps you needed to relax, or perhaps
smoking was an escape. In order to relearn how to live without tobacco,
it's now important to figure out how to meet these needs differently and
without smoking.
Many say that smoking allows them to fill a void in their lives. For them,
cigarettes fill a need. But rather than treating the problem in depth,
smoking is actually a palliative that only puts the problem into the
background. For example, some people say they smoke because it helps
them deal with their stress, or that they don't want to quit because they
have fear of weight gain. Many have fear of quitting, because they fear
the emptiness that smoking could leave. Yet, did you know that all these
preconceived ideas that discourage you from quitting are false, or at
least incomplete? For example, lighting a cigarette may help you reduce
your stress in a relatively short period of time. However, your addiction
has more than once made you anxious when you ran out of cigarettes
and all the smoke shops were closed, or when in winter you had to go
out and face the weather to smoke.

In order to relearn how to live without tobacco, it's important to develop


strategies that will help you cope during difficult times. To do this, it's
useful to know beforehand the possible symptoms of smoking cessation.
You won't go through them all, but if they affect you, you will know that
this is completely normal and that there is no need to worry about them.
Finally, keep in mind that these symptoms are not eternal: they last until
your body has gotten used to living without tobacco.

By quitting smoking, you may experience some of the symptoms of


smoking cessation. It's important to develop appropriate strategies to
deal with them:

If you are prone to sleep disorders or are more tired than usual, you can
change your night routine to try to deal with the problem.
If you are anxious or stressed out, you can opt for relaxing activities
such as yoga or meditation. You also have the possibility to do some
breathing exercises with it.
If you get angry more easily and are more irritable, try to relax by
turning to sports, or by writing down how you feel on a piece of paper.
You can also do the breathing exercises proposed by our application.
If you're worried about your appetite increasing, know that this is
normal! You are no longer experiencing the appetite suppressant effect
of nicotine, and your taste is back, making you greedier. If you fear
weight gain, just try to balance your diet.
If you have cravings, it's important to keep your mind busy. You should
also know that these cravings usually pass in just a few minutes!

Changing the rhythm of your days will help you start your new life
without tobacco. However, note that changing your habits will require a
period of adaptation: so be indulgent with yourself during this one! To
help you during this time, you can also ask for support.

However, keep in mind that it's useless and even counterproductive to


make too many changes in a short period of time. You've decided to quit
smoking, and your body is already undergoing changes. This is not an
ideal time to make drastic changes, such as a sudden rebalancing of
your diet, or several hours of exercise a day when you previously did not
exercise at all. Take it one step at a time and change your habits when
you feel ready to do so.
“Keep resisting and, one day you will see the light”

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