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Chemistry - Semester 1 - Experiment 1

This document describes an experiment to determine the concentration of a monobasic acid using acid-base titration with sodium hydroxide. The materials and procedure involve preparing a 1.00 moldm-3 NaOH solution by dissolving 10.00g of NaOH pellets in 250cm3 of water. Then 25.0cm3 of the monobasic acid is titrated with the NaOH solution using phenolphthalein indicator. The concentration of the acid is calculated using the titration results and stoichiometry.

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Rawid Goshan
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582 views3 pages

Chemistry - Semester 1 - Experiment 1

This document describes an experiment to determine the concentration of a monobasic acid using acid-base titration with sodium hydroxide. The materials and procedure involve preparing a 1.00 moldm-3 NaOH solution by dissolving 10.00g of NaOH pellets in 250cm3 of water. Then 25.0cm3 of the monobasic acid is titrated with the NaOH solution using phenolphthalein indicator. The concentration of the acid is calculated using the titration results and stoichiometry.

Uploaded by

Rawid Goshan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHEMISTRY - SEMESTER 1 – EXPERIMENT 1

(RAWID GOSHAN A/L RAWID CHENDRAN 6BS1)


TITLE : Volumetric Analysis - Stoichiometry
PURPOSE : To determine the exact concentration of a monobasic acid, HX
MATERIALS :
1. 0.500 – 1.00 moldm-3 monobasic acid, HX
2. 10.00 g sodium hydroxide pellets
3. wash bottle filled with distilled water
4. phenolphthalein indicator

APPARATUS :
1. 250 / 100 cm3 volumetric flask and stopper
2. 10/ 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler/bulb
3. 50 cm3 burette
4. 100cm3 beaker
5. Spatula
6. electronic balance
7. filter funnel
8. white tile
9. dropper
10. retort stand and clamp
11. glass rod
12. 250 cm3 conical flask
THEORY & INTRODUCTION:
This is an acid- base titration between strong acid and strong base using
phenolphthalein indicator to determine the exact concentration of a monobasic acid, HX
with a concentration in the range of 0.500 moldm-3 – 1.00 moldm-3.
H + (aq) + OH - (aq) → H2O (l)
End point is reached when there is a colour change in solution from colourless to pink. From
the ionic equation, 1 mol of hydrogen ion neutralises 1 mol of hydroxide ion to produce 1 mol of
water.
Concentration of the HX acid can be determined by using the following
M aV a a
formula, =
M bV b b
Where M a = concentration of monobasic acid, HX in moldm-3

V a = volume of HX acid in cm3


M b= concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH in moldm-3
V b = volume of sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH in cm3
PROCEDURE :
PREPARATION STANDARD SOLUTION OF NaOH
M = 1.0 moldm-3 MV M r
mass MV m ass=
= 1000
M r 1000
V = 250 cm3
(1.0)(25 0)(2 3.0+16.0+1.0)
MV M r ¿
m ass= 1000
1000 M r=23.0+16.0+1.0
= 10.0 g

1. 10.00 g of sodium hydroxide pellets were weighed in a beaker using electronic balance.
2. Some distilled water was added to the sodium hydroxide pellets in a beaker and stirred by using
glass rod.
3. The solution was transferred into 250 cm3 volumetric flask via filter funnel.
4. The beaker and filter funnel were then rinsed with some distilled water several times to
ensure all NaOH solution is transferred completely into the volumetric flask.
5. Distilled water was added until it reaches the calibration mark on the volumetric flask.
6. Then, distilled water was added slowly using dropper to the volumetric flask until the
meniscus level is aligned exactly on the 250 cm3calibration mark.
7. Volumetric flask was then stoppered and shaken well so that the solution was mixed
homogeneously. A standard solution of 1.00 moldm-3 NaOH was produced.

TITRATION BETWEEN HX AND STANDARD SOLUTION OF NaOH


1. Burette was rinsed with a little NaOH solution and filled with NaOH solution. The initial burette
reading was recorded.
2. 25.0 cm3 of HX solution was pipetted into a conical flask. Few drops of phenolphthalein
indicator was added and titrated with NaOH solution , the conical flask was swirled until
colourless solution changes to pink.
3. Final burette reading was recorded in a table.
4. Steps 6-8 were repeated 3 times to get accurate reading.

(Known concentration)

1.00 mol dm-3 NaOH solution

(Unknown concentration)

25.0 cm3 HX solution + phenolphthalein


indicator
RESULTS:
Mass of beaker + solid NaOH /g
Mass of beaker /g
Mass of solid NaOH/g

Accurate
Titration Rough
First Second Third
Final reading/cm3
Initial reading/cm3
Volume of
X1 (2dp) X2(2dp) X3(2dp)
NaOH/cm3

CALCULATION:

Average volume of NaOH = ( X1 + X2 + X3 ) / 3 = V b cm3 Chemical

equation: HX (aq) + NaOH (aq) → NaX (aq) + H2O (l)

M aV a a
=
M bV b b

a (M b V b )
M a=
b (V a )

1(1.0)(V b )
M a=
1(25.0)
Ma = moldm-3

CONCLUSION:
Concentration of monobasic acid, HX is moldm-3

COMMENTS:

1. Safety Measures / Precautions

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