8

Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 4
Properties of Parallel Lines
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 4: Properties of Parallel Lines

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Ana Cleo C. Razon, Ph.D.

Louie Joy J. Rosit, Ph.D.
Editors: Julius J. Igot, Ed.D.
Kenneth Regene B. Blasco
Management Team: Bianito A. Dagatan, Ed.D., CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Casiana P. Caberte, Ph.D.

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Felix C. Galacio Jr., Ph.D.

EPS, Mathematics

Josephine D. Eronico, Ph.D.

EPS, LRMDS

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Learning Competencies:
Proves properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal (M8GE-IVd-1).

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 determine the angle pairs formed by parallel lines and cut by a transversal line;
 find the measures of the angles formed by parallel lines and cut by a transversal line; and
 apply properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal in solving problems.

Lesson 1: Angle Pairs Formed by Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal

What is it

t
Parallel lines. Coplanar lines that do not intersect. These are also lines with the same steepness or slope.
They are always the same distance apart. Example: lines x and y.
Transversal. A line that intersects two or more coplanar lines (not necessarily parallel) at distinct points.
Example line t.
Exterior Angles. EXTERIOR means OUTSIDE the lines. Example: ∠ 1 , ∠ 2, ∠ 7 , and ∠ 8.
Interior Angles. INTERIOR means BETWEEN the lines. Example: ∠ 3 , ∠ 4 , ∠ 5 , and ∠ 6
Angle Pairs Formed by Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal
Alternate Interior Angles. Two nonadjacent interior angles on opposite sides of transversal (form “Z”
shape). Example: ∠ 4∧∠ 5 , and ∠ 3∧∠ 6.
Alternate Exterior Angles. Two nonadjacent exterior angles on opposite sides of a transversal.
Example: ∠ 1∧∠ 8, and ∠ 2∧∠7 .
Corresponding Angles. Two nonadjacent angles on the same side of a transversal such that one
is an exterior angle and the other is an interior angle (form “F” shape).
Example: ∠ 1∧∠5 , ∠ 3∧∠ 7, ∠ 2∧∠ 6, and ∠ 4∧∠ 8.
Same-Side Exterior Angles. Two exterior angles on same side of a transversal.
Example: ∠ 1∧∠7 , and ∠ 2∧∠ 8.
Same-Side Interior Angles. Two interior angles on same side of a transversal (form “[” shape).
Example: ∠ 3∧∠ 5, and ∠ 4∧∠ 6.

What’s More

Directions:
Given the figure line m is parallel to line n and line P is transversal. Identify the angles
formed by completing the table.

Alternate Alternate Correspondin Exterior Interior Same Side Same Side

Interior Angles Exterior Angles g Angles Angles Angles Interior Exterior
 Lesson 2: Properties of Parallel Lines Cut by Transversal

What is it

If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal line, then:

 Alternate-interior angles are congruent.
 Alternate-exterior angles are congruent.
 Corresponding angles are congruent.
 Same-side interior angles are supplementary.
 Same-side exterior angles are supplementary.

Example:
Find the measure of the angles formed by parallel lines cut by a transversal given that m
∠ a=130◦.
m∠a = 130 ◦
m∠b = 50◦
m∠c = 50◦
m∠d = 130◦
m∠e = 130◦
m∠f = 50◦
m∠g = 50◦
m∠h = 130◦

What’s More

Directions:
Given that line m is parallel to line n and line s is the transversal line.
Find the measure of the following angles if m ∠ 2=60◦.

1. m ∠ 5=¿ ¿
2. m ∠ 6=¿ ¿
3. m ∠ 7=¿ ¿
4. m ∠ 8=¿ ¿
 Lesson 3: Problems Involving Properties of Parallel Lines
Cut by Transversal

What is it

Properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal are very useful in solving problem.
Example:
Find the value of x given that 11 is parallel to 12.
1. m ∠ 1=2 x+25 and m ∠ 8=x +75
Solution:
Since ∠ 1∧∠ 8 are alternate-interior angles, thus they are congruent.
So, we come up with this equation,
m ∠ 1=m∠ 8
By substitution, we have
2 x+ 25=x +75
Combining like terms,
2 x−x=75−25
Simplify
x=50
Therefore, the value of x is 50.

2. m ∠ 3=4 x+ 31 and m ∠ 8=2 x−7

Solution:
Since ∠ 3∧∠ 8 are same-side interior angles, thus they are supplementary.
So, we come up with this equation,
m ∠ 3+m∠ 8=180
By substitution, we have
4 x+31+2 x−7=180
Combining like terms,
4 x+ 2 x=7−31+180
Simplify
6 x=156
Applying Division Property,
x=26
Therefore, the value of x is 26.

What’s More

Directions:
Find the value of x given that 11 is parallel to 12.
Show your solution.
1. m ∠ 2=3 x−10 and m ∠ 6=2 x +45
2. m ∠ 7=4 x +20 and m ∠ 4=x−30
 Assessment

Directions:
Read and understand each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
answer sheet provided.
1. They are coplanar lines that do not intersect.
a. Parallel b. Perpendicular c. Skew d. Transversal
2. A line that intersects two or more lines at different points.
a. Parallel b. Perpendicular c. Skew d. Transversal
3. Which of the following is true on the properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal?
a. Exterior angles are congruent. c. Interior angles are congruent.
b. Corresponding angles are supplementary. d. Same-side interior angles are supplementary.
For numbers 4-10, refer to the given figure.
Given that l1 is parallel to l2 and cut by a transversal line t.

4. Which of the following pairs of angles are corresponding angles?

a. ∠ 1∧∠5 b. ∠ 1∧∠ 8 c. ∠ 1∧∠7 d. ∠ 4∧∠ 6
5. Which of the following pairs of angles are alternate- interior angles?
a. ∠ 1∧∠5 b. ∠ 1∧∠ 8 c. ∠ 1∧∠7 d. ∠ 4∧∠ 6
6. Which of the following pairs of angles are same-side exterior angles?
a. ∠ 1∧∠5 b. ∠ 1∧∠ 8 c. ∠ 1∧∠7 d. ∠ 4∧∠ 6
7. Which of the following pairs of angles are alternate-exterior angles?
a. ∠ 1∧∠5 b. ∠ 1∧∠ 8 c. ∠ 1∧∠7 d. ∠ 4∧∠ 6
8. Which of the following statements is true?
a. m ∠ 3+m∠ 5=180 b. m ∠ 3+m∠ 6=180 c. m ∠ 2=m∠ 7 d.
m ∠ 3=m ∠ 6
9. If m ∠ 1=130◦, then what is the measure of ∠ 7 ?
a. 50◦ b. 60◦ c. 130◦ d. 180◦
10. If m ∠ 8=5 x∧m ∠ 2=x +64 , then what is value of x?
58 32
a. b. c. 8 d. 16
3 3

Performance Task

Goal: To design and create a miniature model of a folding ladder

Role: A design engineer
Audience: Company head
Situation: The lessons learned from the widespread flooding in many parts of the country during typhoons
and monsoon season include securing tools and gadgets needed for safety. More and more people
are shopping for ladders that could reach as high as 10 feet, long enough for people to gain access
to their ceiling or their roof. There is a high demand for folding ladders for they can be stored
conveniently. Being the design engineer of your company, your boss asks you to submit a
miniature
model of that ladder and justify the design.

Product: Design a folding ladder that can reach up to 10-feet height and its miniature

Standards: accurate, creative, efficient, and well-explained/ well-justified

RUBRIC
CRITERIA Outstanding Satisfactory Developing Beginning RATING
4 3 2 1
Accuracy The computations The computations The The
are accurate and are accurate and the computations computations
show a wise use of use of the are erroneous are erroneous
the geometric geometric concepts and show and do not
concepts specifically on some use of show the use
specifically on triangle the concepts of the
triangle inequalities. on triangle concepts on
inequalities. inequalities. triangle
inequalities.
Creativity The overall impact The overall impact The overall The overall
of the presentation of the presentation impact of the impact of the
is highly is impressive and presentation is presentation
impressive and the the use of fair and the is poor and
use of technology technology is use of the use of
is highly commendable. technology is technology is
commendable. evident. non-existent.
Efficiency The miniature is The miniature is The miniature The
very effective and effective and has some miniature has
flawlessly done. It flawless. defects. many defects.
is also attractive.
Mathematical Justification is Justification is Justification is Justification
Justification logically clear, clear and not so clear. is ambiguous.
convincing, and convincingly Some ideas Only few
professionally delivered. are not concepts on
delivered. The Appropriate connected to triangle
concepts learned concepts learned on each other. inequalities
on triangle triangle inequalities Not all are applied.
inequalities are are applied. concepts on
applied and triangle
previously learned inequalities
concepts are are applied.
connected to the
new ones.

References
Abuzo, E., et.al (2013). Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Department of Education-
Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR).
Pascadio, A. A., et.al 2017. Math Ideas and Life Applications. Quezon City: Abiva Publishing
House, Inc.
 Answer Sheet

Name: __________________________________________________________
Grade & Section: ________________ Score: _______

Quarter 4 – Module 4

Lesson 1
What’s More
Alternate Alternate Corresponding Exterio Interior Same Side Same Side
Interior Angles Exterior Angles r Angles Interior Exterior
Angles Angles

Lesson 2
What’s More
1.
2.
3.
4.

Lesson 3
What’s More
1.

2.

Assessment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Republika ng Pilipinas
Kagawaran ng Edukasyon
Rehiyon VII, Sentral Visayas
Sangay ng Bohol
Mathematics 8
Quarter 4
Summative Assessment for Weeks 1 & 2
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided
before each number.
______1) What is an exterior angle theorem?
A. The exterior ∠ formed by extending the side of a ∆ equals the sum of its non- adjacent ∠s.
B. The measure of the angle of a triangle equals 180 degrees.
C. The exterior ∠ formed by extending the side of a ∆ equals the measure of its adjacent ∠.
D. The exterior ∠ formed by extending the side of a ∆ plus its adjacent ∠ equals 180 degrees.
______2) Solve for the missing exterior angle, x.
A. x = 30 degrees C. 105 degrees
B. x = 75 degrees D. 117 degrees
______3) Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the sides of the triangle?
A. AC + CB > AB C. AC - CB > AB
B. CB + AB > AC D. AC - CB < AB
______4) Given ∆ ABC, m∠ABC= 50°, m∠ BCA=100°, and m∠ CAB=30°. Which side of the triangle
is
the longest?
A. AB B. BC C. CA D. CB
______5) Which side of the triangle is the shortest?
A. DV C. ED
B. VE D. VD

______6) Given the figure, which statement is TRUE?

A. m∠1 < m∠2 C. m∠1 = m∠2
B. m∠1 > m∠ 2 D. m∠2 > m∠1
______7) List the angles in order from least to greatest measure.
A. ∠A, ∠B, ∠ C C. ∠C, ∠B, ∠ A
B. ∠B, ∠C, ∠ A D. ∠ A , ∠ C , ∠ B

______8) What theorem is applied in number 7?

A. Angle-Side Inequality B. Side-Angle Inequality
C. Hinge Theorem D. Converse of the Hinge Theorem
______9) Car A leaves a mall, first north direction up to 5 miles. Then, move west up to 3 miles. Car B
left the same mall and moves towards south for 5 miles then turn east by 80 degrees for 3 miles.
Which one is far from the mall?
A. Car A C. Either Car A or Car B
B. Car B D. None since they have equal distance.
______10) What theorem is applied in number 9?
A. Angle-Side Inequality B. Side-Angle Inequality
C. Hinge Theorem D. Converse of the Hinge Theorem
______11) Two sides of the isosceles triangle measure 3 and 7. Which of the following could be the
measure of the 3rd side?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 7 D. 10
______12) The length of two sides of a triangle are 8in & 13in, Find the range of the possible lengths for
the third side(x).
A. [6in< x < 20in] B. [6in> x > 20in] C. [5in< x < 21in] D. [5in≤ x ≤ 21in]
 For numbers 13-15, refer to this figure

______13) In DEF, an exterior angle at F is represented by 8x + 15. If the two non-adjacent interior
angles are represented by 4x + 5, and 3x + 20, find the value of x.
A. 7 B. 10 C. 11 D. 17
______14) What inequality theorem is illustrated on the figure above?
A. Angle-Side B. Exterior Angle C. Hinge D. Side-Angle
______15) What do you call angles D and E in relation to the exterior angle at F?
A. Adjacent B. Exterior C. Interior D. Remote Interior