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Kinds of Variables and Their Uses

This document defines and describes different types of variables that are commonly used in research: - Independent variables are variables that are not affected by other variables and may influence outcomes. Examples given are test scores and age. - Dependent variables depend on independent variables and are the outcomes or results. Academic performance and survival rates are given as examples. - Control variables are kept constant in an experiment to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Proper hygiene practices, learning methods, and skills are identified as potential variables for the research topics provided.

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10 views

Kinds of Variables and Their Uses

This document defines and describes different types of variables that are commonly used in research: - Independent variables are variables that are not affected by other variables and may influence outcomes. Examples given are test scores and age. - Dependent variables depend on independent variables and are the outcomes or results. Academic performance and survival rates are given as examples. - Control variables are kept constant in an experiment to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Proper hygiene practices, learning methods, and skills are identified as potential variables for the research topics provided.

Uploaded by

haydee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Kinds of
Variables and
their Uses
• specifically refers to characteristics, or attribute of
an individual or an organization that can be
measured or observed and that varies among the
people or organization being studied (Creswell,
2002)

VARIABLE • refers to “any entity that can


take on different values

• variables are features or qualities that


change (Mack & Gass, 2005).
• Sex – Maleness, • ages of different persons
Femaleness (different values)

VARIABLE
• Height • Weight
• Size • Income
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
• An independent variable is a variable that stands alone and is not
changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.
• It probably causes, influences, or affects outcomes. It is invariably
called treatment, manipulated, antecedent or predictor variable.
This is the cause variable or the one responsible for the conditions
that act on something else to bring about changes.
• For example, a test score could be a dependent variable because it
could change depending on several factors such as how much you
studied, how much sleep you got the night before you took the test, or
even how hungry you were when you took it.
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
• A dependent variable depends on the independent variable; it is the
outcome or result of the influence of the independent variable
• It is also called outcome variable. It is something that depends on
other factors.

• For example, someone's age might be an independent variable. Other


factors (such as what they eat, how much they go to school, how much
television they watch) are not going to change a person's age.
A control variable (or scientific constant) in scientific experimentation is an experimental element
which is constant and unchanged throughout the course of the investigation. Control variables could
strongly influence experimental results were they not held constant during the experiment in order to
test the relative relationship of the dependent and independent variables.
Activity
Time!
Identify the DEPENDENT and the
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
RESEARCH TITLE:

Increasing Pandemic Survival of


the Students through
Proper Hygiene
Identify the DEPENDENT and the
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
RESEARCH TITLE:
The Impact of Blended Learning to the
Academic Performance of Students
Identify the DEPENDENT and the
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
RESEARCH TITLE:
Conceptual, Interpersonal, and Technical
Skills of Bank Managers; Their Relationship
to Personal Efficiency
Identify the DEPENDENT and the
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
RESEARCH TITLE:

Effectiveness of Exposing
Students in Classical Music on
Reading Comprehension
Identify the DEPENDENT and the
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
RESEARCH TITLE:
Organizational Commitment
and Teaching Performance of
Elementary Teachers in the
District of Pillla, Rizal

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