v Sentence and Paragraph Writing

Chapter 1 Capitalization

Exercise 1.5
Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with the correct form of be. Then write the sentences with
correct capitalization and punctuation on the lines below.

1. shikoku island ____________ in japan

__________________________________________________________________________

2. the yellow river____________ in china

__________________________________________________________________________

3. woraksan mountain ____________ in chungcheongbuk-do korea

__________________________________________________________________________

4. the south sea _____ between korea and japan

__________________________________________________________________________

Capitalize place names such as hospitals, hotels, buildings, companies, and schools

Kook Min Bank Shilla Hotel Samsung Corporation

Seoul National University the Hanam Building Konkuk University Hospital

Exercise 1.6
Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with the correct form of be. Then write the sentences with
correct capitalization and punctuation on the lines below.

1. seoul national university ________ near subway stop number 238

__________________________________________________________________________

2. the silla hotel ___________ near the Hilton hotel

__________________________________________________________________________

3. kaist ___________in daejon

__________________________________________________________________________
4. you can buy tortillas at the supermarket in the hanam building
__________________________________________________________________________

Capitalize job titles

A job name is capitalized only if it is used as a title. Use a period after titles that are abbreviations.

Mrs. Oh Ms. Park is an assistant.

Professor Basker (capitalized as a title)
She is a professor. (not capitalized as a job name)
Dr. Kim (title and abbreviated– capitalize and use a period after the abbreviation)

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 1 Capitalization

Capitalize Acronyms
Acronyms use capital letters from the first letters of a name to make an abbreviation. We write and say
the short form.

These acronyms are spoken as letters:

the UN the United Nations

the USA the United States of America
the UK the United Kingdom
the UAE the United Arab Emirates
the WTO World Trade Organization
the KFTA Korea Foreign Trade Association
the IMF International Monetary Fund

These acronyms are spoken as words:

OPEC the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

KAIST Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
PNUT (peanut) Pusan National University of Technology

We usually use the first letters of words to make acronyms. Sometimes we use other letters.

TV- television DVD- digital video disk

CD- compact disk ID- identification

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 2 Punctuation

Punctuation is very important. It helps the read know one thought starts and another ends. It lets the read
know where a sentence is a statement or a question. It lets the reader know how thoughts are organized.
It helps to know the force or emotion expressed in the sentence.

Look at the use of the most common punctuations used in writing

Period
Put a period (or full stop) at the end of every statement and command.

Statement: Jenny is a student. Command: Have a seat.

Write a similar statement.

______________________________________________________________________

Write a similar command.

______________________________________________________________________

Question Mark
Put a question mark (?) at the end of every question.

Is Jenny a student?

Write a similar question.

______________________________________________________________________

Exclamation Point
Put an exclamation mark (!) at the end of every exclamation.

Look out!

Write a similar exclamation:

_____________________________________________________________________

Commas
A comma is used to separate three or more adjectives or items in a list.

Modern airplanes are fast, comfortable and safe.

Modern airplanes are fast and comfortable.
Daegu apples are round, sweet and delicious.
Daegu apples are round and sweet.

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 2 Punctuation

Also place a comma between a city and a country or a city and a state (or province).

Seoul, Korea Chungju, Chungchoenbuk-do Seattle, Washington

You should put a comma between the day and year in dates.

November 9, 1951

Contractions and Apostrophes

Contractions need an apostrophe. The apostrophe should be placed where the missing letter(s) would
be and also placed higher than the lower case letters.

doesn’t = does not

she’s = she is
Bob’s coming to school today = Bob is coming to school today.

Exercise 2.1
There are mistakes in the following sentences. Rewrite the sentences with correct punctuation and
capitalization.

1. he doesn’t know you

________________________________________________________________________

2. brazils a country
________________________________________________________________________

3. whens he coming
________________________________________________________________________

4. a new car is a mans best friend

_______________________________________________________________________

5. shes not coming to bob’s party tonight

________________________________________________________________________

6. hes very tall

________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2.2
Write the questions and answers below with correct capitalization and punctuation.

1. is dr. lim in fukuoka japan / yes he is

_______________________________________________________________________

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 2 Punctuation

2. is today december 31 2003 / no it isnt

________________________________________________________________________

3. are they in pusan chollanam-do / no they arent

________________________________________________________________________

4. did he drive to paris france on January 15th 2011 / no he didn't

________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2.3
Fill in the blanks. Use the verbs is, isn’t, are, or aren’t. Then write the sentences with correct
capitalization and punctuation on the lines below.

1. a Ferrari ________ fast beautiful and expensive

_______________________________________________________________________

2. a jungle ________ cold dry and dusty

______________________________________________________________________

3. the statue of Liberty and Empire state building _________ In New york new york
______________________________________________________________________

4. apples oranges and bananas ________ vegetables, but fruit

______________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2.4
Fill in the blanks with a negative form of the be verb (is, am, are, was, were). Use contractions and
rewrite these sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation on the lines below.

1. mrs anderson ________________ a business woman

_______________________________________________________________________

2. mr young and ms lee ________________ doctors

_______________________________________________________________________

3. dr park ________________ a professor

______________________________________________________________________

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 2 Punctuation

Exercise 2.5
Fill in the blanks using is and are. Then write the sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation on
the lines below.

1. the un and imf ________ located in the usa

______________________________________________________________________

2. my tv ________ broken
________________________________________________________________________

3. my new id card ________ from konkuk university

________________________________________________________________________

4. the hotels in the uk _________________ expensive

_______________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2.6
Rewrite these paragraphs on a separate piece of paper using proper capitalization and punctuation.

1. six sentences

suhuyn has a roommate the name of her roommate is jenny kim jenny is
from pusan she works for samsung in seoul but she also studies English at
night after work jenny and suhyun enjoy going to movies on the weekends
they also go singing with other friends

2. seven sentences

tom and jerry are good friends they are teachers at a school in shangahi tom
is from australia and jerry is from new zealand they are english teachers
they enjoy hiking and camping on the weekends they also have fun looking
for foods from their own countries the foods are hard to find in china they
have fun traveling to different large cities searching for them

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 3 Using Articles

There are three articles English- a, an, and the. A and an are indefinite articles and the is the definite
article. Using articles correctly will help your writing have a natural flow to it.

A and An
Use a before singular nouns (or the adjectives that precede them) that begin with a consonant sound.

Use an before singular nouns (or the adjectives that precede them) that begin with a vowel sound.
an apple
a uniform (initial sound is ”Y”- a consonant sound)
an x-ray machine (initial sound is ”eh”- a vowel sound)
a university (initial sound is ”Y”- a consonant sound)
an hour (initial sound is ”ow”- a vowel sound)

Use a or an before count nouns, when the noun which is being talk about is not specifically known. A is
used before nouns that begin with a consonant sound. An is used before nouns that begin with a vowel
sound.
Here are some examples:
He has a book. (There are many books, and he has one.)
I ate an orange. (There were many oranges, and I ate one.)
While in Australia, we stayed at a luxury hotel. (There are many luxury hotels in
Australia, and we stayed in one.)
A Porsche is an expensive sports car. (There are many expensive sports cars, and
a Porsche is one.)
Kansas is a state in America. (There are 50 states in America, and Kansas is one.)

Exercise 3.1
Choose a or an for each of the following nouns and terms.

_____unit _____heir _____honest person

_____SAT score _____yellow hourglass _____UFO

Exercise 3.2
Fill in the blanks using the correct article (a or an). Be sure to use correct capitalization and punctuate the
sentences correctly.

1. ____ banana is tasty

2. ____ x-ray machine can be found in every hospital

3. ____ eagle is _________ bird

4. ____ cell phone is ______ very handy tool

5. ____ elevator will take you to the main offices on the fiftieth floor

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 3 Using Articles

Exercise 3.3
Write complete sentences using the following nouns. Use correct punctuation and capitalization.

Example: birds Birds are animals.

1. tokyo
________________________________________________________________________

2. china
________________________________________________________________________

3. cabbage
________________________________________________________________________

4. an eagle
________________________________________________________________________

5. february
________________________________________________________________________

The is used when the thing being talked about is specifically known or it is clearly understood which thing
we are referring to.

Susan cleaned the kitchen last night.

(It is known or understood which kitchen is bring referred to.)

I was ready to order dinner, but the waiter was busy.

(It is known or understood the waiter is the one serving me.)

We had no fun on the picnic because the weather was terrible.

(It is known or understood the picnic refers to the one they were on.)

The president of the United States is an important man.

(There is only one president in the United States.)
(An important man refers to a non-specific person)

Ronald went to the bedroom.

(It is known or understood that the bedroom refers to the one in the house he is in.)

Sally opened the door and switched on the light.

(It is known or understood that the door and light refer to the ones in the room she
entered.)

I wanted to talk to the librarian.

(It is known or understood that the librarian refers to the one in the library I was in.)

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 3 Using Articles

When writing individual sentences, like in the exercises below, it is sometimes difficult or impossible to
determine whether the indefinite article or definite article should be used. The problem arises because the
sentence is in isolation; there is no context to determine whether the object being referred to is known by
both reader and writer or speaker and listener. In most cases, if the sentence is in isolation, the indefinite
article should be used. If the sentence is in context, then the context needs to be examined to determine
whether the definite or indefinite article should be used.

Exercise 3.4
Put the correct article in the blanks and capitalize and punctuate the sentence correctly.

1. i wrote her ____ letter on _____ hotel stationary

2. _____ Bible is ____ religious book

3. _____ man on the corner is _____ thief

4. _____ nile is _____ long river in africa

5. when does _____ football game start

6. before I went to _____ theater I took _____ shower

7. what did you do with _____ tv guide

8. don't eat _____ chicken it’s spoiled

9. _____ movie was disappointing _____ acting was terrible and _____ story was boring

10. _____ elephant was spraying water from its trunk at _____ zoo

Exercise 3.5
Rewrite the following sentences, adding the correct article where needed.

1. Space ship landed on front lawn of White House.

_________________________________________________________________________

2. Einstein was brilliant physicist.

_________________________________________________________________________

3. Cattle were grazing in field.

_________________________________________________________________________

4. Job market of today requires skill in using computers.

_________________________________________________________________________

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 v Sentence and Paragraph Writing
Chapter 3 Using Articles

5. Moon is celestial body in universe.

__________________________________________________________________________

6. Apple day keeps doctor away.

__________________________________________________________________________

7. Man in red coat stole book from bookstore.

_________________________________________________________________________

8. Toaster is small appliance usually found in American kitchen.

_________________________________________________________________________

9. World famous boxer from United States, Mohammed Ali, was Greatest.
_________________________________________________________________________

10. University of Arizona is in a medium sized university in State of Arizona.

_________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3.6
Fill in the blanks with a, an, or some. Use some with non-count nouns. Then rewrite the sentences with
the correct form of the verb using simple present tense. Use correct capitalization and punctuation.

1. ________ student (have) a lot of homework

________________________________________________________________________

2. ________ people (be) at the office party

________________________________________________________________________

3. ________ eagle (be) in that tree

________________________________________________________________________

4. ________ equipment (be) useful

________________________________________________________________________

5. ________ fruit (be) on the table

________________________________________________________________________

6. she (have) ________ new furniture

________________________________________________________________________

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