A Project report on

“AI Vision”

Submitted by

KUSUMANCHI CHAITANYA- Reg.No.201801330017

NAMMI DIVYA DEEPIKA - Reg.No.201801330028

Department of Computer Science Engineering

CENTURION UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

Vizianagaram

(2020- 2023)

Faculty in charge Head of the Department

Mr. M.Aswini kumar Mr. R. Lakshmana Rao
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
CUTMAP,Vizianagaram. CUTMAP,Vizianagaram.
S.No. CONTENTS Page No.
1 Introduction 1
2 Abstract 2
3 Existing System and its Disadvantages 3
4 Proposed System and its Advantages 3
5 System Requirement Specifications 4
6 Technologies used 8
7 Workflow 9
8 Deployment 13
9 Testing 15

9.1 Unit Test Case Table 16

9.2 Class Test Table 17

9.3 Blackbox Testing 18

9.4 White box testing 20

9.5 Integration testing 21

9.6 System Testing 22

10 Maintanance 23
11 Outputs 25
12 Conclusion 26
13 Futurework 27
 1. Introduction
The AI VISION app is an Android application that focuses on leveraging the power of artificial
intelligence (AI) to provide advanced computer vision capabilities. It comprises five key modules:
image segmentation, image classification, object detection, pose estimation, and OCR (optical
character recognition). These modules collectively enable the app to analyze and interpret visual
content from images or video streams, providing valuable insights and information to users.
The image segmentation module utilizes cutting-edge deep learning algorithms to segment images
into distinct regions, allowing for precise identification and extraction of objects or regions of
interest. The image classification module employs machine learning techniques to categorize
images into predefined classes or labels, providing automated labeling or tagging of visual content.
The object detection module uses state-of-the-art object detection algorithms to identify and
localize objects within images or video frames, enabling tasks such as object tracking or
recognition. The pose estimation module leverages computer vision algorithms to estimate the
pose or position of human subjects in images or video, facilitating applications such as human
activity analysis or augmented reality experiences. The OCR module employs optical character
recognition techniques to recognize and extract text from images, enabling tasks such as text
extraction or document scanning.

The AI VISION app is designed to be user-friendly and accessible, with a clean and intuitive user
interface that allows users to interact with the app's functionalities easily. It is aimed at a wide
range of users, including researchers, developers, professionals, and general users who are
interested in utilizing advanced computer vision capabilities in their applications or tasks. The app
can be used in various domains, including but not limited to healthcare, automotive, retail,
entertainment, and education, providing valuable insights and enhancing the visual understanding
of the world. The development of the AI VISION app involves the use of cutting-edge
technologies, including deep learning frameworks such as TensorFlow or PyTorch, computer
vision libraries such as OpenCV, and other relevant tools and libraries for Android app
development. The project requires expertise in machine learning, computer vision, mobile app
development, and software engineering.

The project documentation aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the AI VISION app,
including its objectives, functionalities, technical details, and deployment considerations. It serves
as a guide for project stakeholders, team members, and potential users, providing a clear
understanding of the project's scope, achievements, and potential impact. The documentation is
organized into several sections, including project overview, objectives, methodology, technical
details, testing, user manual, maintenance, timeline, budget, conclusion, references, and appendix,
providing a thorough and structured documentation of the AI VISION app project.
 2. Abstract
The AI VISION app is designed with the following key objectives:
2.1. Provide Advanced Computer Vision Capabilities: The primary objective of the AI VISION
app is to leverage the power of artificial intelligence to provide advanced computer vision
capabilities. The app aims to offer cutting-edge functionalities, including image segmentation,
image classification, object detection, pose estimation, and OCR, that can assist users in analyzing
and interpreting visual content from images or video streams.

2.2. Enhance Visual Understanding: The app aims to enhance the visual understanding of the world
by providing users with accurate and reliable insights from visual data. Through image
segmentation, users can accurately identify and extract objects or regions of interest, while image
classification allows for automated labeling or tagging of visual content. Object detection enables
users to localize and recognize objects, pose estimation estimates the position of human subjects,
and OCR enables text extraction from images. These functionalities collectively aim to enhance
users' ability to understand visual content and extract valuable information from it.

2.3. Foster Innovation and Research: The AI VISION app aims to foster innovation and research
in the field of computer vision by providing a platform for researchers, developers, and
professionals to explore and experiment with advanced AI-based vision capabilities. The app is
designed to be flexible and extensible, allowing for the integration of state-of-the-art algorithms
and techniques, and encouraging further advancements in the field.

2.4. User-friendly and Accessible: The AI VISION app aims to be user-friendly and accessible to
a wide range of users, including researchers, developers, professionals, and general users. The app
is designed with a clean and intuitive user interface that allows users to interact with its
functionalities easily, and it provides meaningful and interpretable results to users, even without a
deep understanding of computer vision or AI concepts.

2.5. Enable Diverse Applications: The AI VISION app is intended to be versatile and applicable
in various domains, including but not limited to healthcare, automotive, retail, entertainment, and
education. The app's functionalities, such as image segmentation, image classification, object
detection, pose estimation, and OCR, can be utilized in a wide range of applications, such as
medical image analysis, object recognition, augmented reality experiences, document scanning,
and more.
2.6. Optimize for Performance and Efficiency: The AI VISION app aims to optimize for
performance and efficiency to provide smooth and responsive user experience. The app is designed
to utilize the processing power of mobile devices efficiently, leveraging hardware acceleration and
other optimizations to ensure real-time or near real-time processing of visual data.

2.7. Ensure Privacy and Security: The AI VISION app places a high emphasis on ensuring privacy
and security of user data. The app adheres to best practices for data handling and storage, and it
does not store or transmit any sensitive user data without consent. Additionally, the app
incorporates security measures to protect against potential vulnerabilities or attacks, ensuring the
integrity and confidentiality of user data.

The above objectives collectively drive the development of the AI VISION app, guiding the project
team in creating a robust and effective computer vision solution that fulfills the app's intended
purpose and provides value to its users.
 3. Existing System
1. Image Segmentation: Existing image segmentation methods may have limitations in
accuracy and speed. Traditional methods like thresholding, region growing, or edge-based
methods may struggle with complex images or varying lighting conditions. Deep learning-
based methods like U-Net, Mask R-CNN, or FCN may require large datasets and
significant computational resources for training, and may not perform well on real-time
scenarios or low-end devices.
2. Image Classification: Existing image classification methods may have limitations in
accuracy and generalization. Traditional methods like feature extraction with handcrafted
features and machine learning classifiers may have limited representation capabilities.
Deep learning-based methods like CNNs, VGG, or ResNet may require large datasets for
training and may suffer from overfitting or lack of interpretability.
3. Object Detection: Existing object detection methods may have limitations in accuracy,
speed, and robustness. Traditional methods like Haar cascades or HOG may have limited
accuracy and struggle with complex scenes or occluded objects. Deep learning-based
methods like YOLO, SSD, or Faster R-CNN may require large datasets, powerful
hardware, and complex architectures for training and inference.
4. Pose Estimation: Existing pose estimation methods may have limitations in accuracy,
speed, and robustness. Traditional methods like feature-based methods or model-based
methods may struggle with occluded or complex poses. Deep learning-based methods like
PoseNet, OpenPose, or Hourglass may require large datasets, powerful hardware, and
complex architectures for training and inference, and may have limitations in handling real-
time scenarios or low-end devices.
5. OCR (Optical Character Recognition): Existing OCR methods may have limitations in
accuracy, language support, and robustness. Traditional methods like template matching or
feature-based methods may struggle with varying fonts, languages, or orientations. Deep
learning-based methods like Tesseract or CRNN may require large datasets, powerful
hardware, and complex models for training and inference, and may have limitations in
handling low-quality images or recognizing handwritten or distorted text.
Disadvantages of Existing System:
1. Limited Accuracy: Existing methods may have limitations in accuracy, especially in
complex scenarios, low-quality images, or challenging conditions, which may result in
incorrect or unreliable results.
2. Computational Requirements: Deep learning-based methods may require significant
computational resources, including powerful hardware for training and inference, large
datasets for training, and complex model architectures, which may not be feasible or
efficient for deployment on low-end devices or real-time scenarios.
 3. Language Support: Existing OCR methods may have limitations in supporting multiple
languages, fonts, or orientations, which may result in inaccurate text recognition for certain
languages or scripts.
4. Lack of Real-time Performance: Some existing methods may not be optimized for real-
time performance, which may impact the user experience in an Android app that requires
real-time processing, such as object detection or pose estimation.
5. Limited Robustness: Existing methods may struggle with handling occlusions, varying
lighting conditions, or other challenging scenarios, which may result in inaccurate or
inconsistent results.
6. Lack of Interpretability: Deep learning-based methods may lack interpretability, making it
difficult to understand or debug the model's behavior or make improvements.
7. Deployment Challenges: Integrating complex models into an Android app may require
additional efforts in terms of model deployment, optimization, and compatibility with
different devices and Android versions, which may pose challenges during the
development and deployment process.

4. Proposed System
The proposed system, AI VISION, aims to address the limitations of the existing system by
leveraging TensorFlow, a popular deep learning framework, to implement five computer vision
modules: Image Segmentation, Image Classification, Object Detection, Pose Estimation, and OCR
(Optical Character Recognition). The proposed system will utilize deep learning-based
approaches, which have shown superior performance in many computer vision tasks, including
accuracy, speed, and robustness.
Advantages of Proposed System:
1. Improved Accuracy: Deep learning-based approaches have shown significant
advancements in accuracy compared to traditional methods. AI VISION's modules,
implemented using TensorFlow, can benefit from state-of-the-art deep learning
architectures and models, resulting in improved accuracy in image segmentation, image
classification, object detection, pose estimation, and OCR tasks.
2. Real-time Performance: The proposed system will be optimized for real-time performance,
which is crucial for many practical applications, such as object detection or pose estimation
in an Android app. TensorFlow's GPU acceleration and optimization techniques can help
achieve real-time or near real-time performance, providing a seamless user experience.
3. Language Support: TensorFlow supports a wide range of programming languages,
allowing for flexible implementation of the computer vision modules in different
languages. This can enable support for multiple languages, fonts, and orientations in the
OCR module, making it more versatile and suitable for diverse text recognition scenarios.
 4. Robustness: Deep learning-based approaches are known for their ability to handle complex
scenarios, such as occlusions, varying lighting conditions, or other challenging conditions.
AI VISION's modules, implemented using TensorFlow, can leverage advanced deep
learning architectures and techniques to enhance the robustness of the system, resulting in
more accurate and reliable results.
5. Interpretable Models: TensorFlow provides various tools for model interpretability, such
as visualization of model internals, feature attribution, and explainable AI techniques. This
can help in understanding and interpreting the behavior of the models, making it easier to
debug, improve, and optimize the system.
6. Deployment Flexibility: TensorFlow provides options for model deployment, including
TensorFlow Lite for mobile devices like Android, which allows for efficient model
deployment and execution on resource-constrained devices. This enables easy integration
of the AI VISION modules into an Android app, providing flexibility in deployment across
different devices and Android versions.
7. Extensibility: TensorFlow offers a large ecosystem of pre-trained models, tools, and
community support, which can enhance the capabilities of the proposed system.
Additionally, TensorFlow's modular and extensible architecture allows for the
incorporation of future advancements and improvements in computer vision techniques,
making the system adaptable to evolving technologies and requirements.
In summary, the proposed system, AI VISION, implemented using TensorFlow, offers improved
accuracy, real-time performance, language support, robustness, interpretability, deployment
flexibility, and extensibility, which can overcome the limitations of the existing system and provide
enhanced computer vision capabilities for an Android app.
 5. System Requirements Specifications

5.1 Hardware Requirements:

Requirement Description

Android An Android device with compatible version of Android OS, sufficient storage, and
Device memory capacity

GPU A device with a compatible GPU (e.g. NVIDIA GPU with CUDA support) for
(Optional) GPU-accelerated inference (if applicable)

5.2 Software Requirements:

Requirement Description

TensorFlow Lite TensorFlow Lite runtime for model inference on Android

Python programming language for model development, training, and

Python pre/post-processing tasks

TensorFlow Lite Python TensorFlow Lite Python Interpreter for model conversion and other
Interpreter model preparation tasks

IDE for Android app development, including building, testing, and

Android Studio deploying the app

TensorFlow Lite Android TensorFlow Lite Android Library for integrating TensorFlow Lite
Library models into the Android app

Additional Python libraries as needed for specific project requirements

Other Python Libraries (e.g. NumPy, OpenCV, PIL, scikit-learn)

Text editor or IDE for writing and editing code, configuration files, and
Text Editor/IDE other project-related files
5.3 Image Segmentation Module Requirements:
 TensorFlow Lite model for image segmentation, trained on a suitable dataset
 Image input from the device's camera or gallery
 Real-time image segmentation with smooth performance
 Output of segmented image with distinct object regions
5.4 Image Classification Module Requirements:
 TensorFlow Lite model for image classification, trained on a suitable dataset
 Image input from the device's camera or gallery
 Real-time image classification with high accuracy
 Output of predicted object classes or labels
5.5 Object Detection Module Requirements:
 TensorFlow Lite model for object detection, trained on a suitable dataset
 Image input from the device's camera or gallery
 Real-time object detection with accurate bounding box localization
 Output of detected object classes, bounding box coordinates, and confidence scores
5.6 Pose Estimation Module Requirements:
 TensorFlow Lite model for pose estimation, trained on a suitable dataset
 Image input from the device's camera or gallery
 Real-time pose estimation with accurate joint detection
 Output of estimated human poses with joint coordinates
5.7 OCR (Optical Character Recognition) Module Requirements:
 TensorFlow Lite or suitable OCR library for text recognition
 Image input from the device's camera or gallery
 Real-time text recognition with high accuracy
 Output of recognized text from the input image
5.8 User Interface Requirements:
 Intuitive and user-friendly interface for capturing images, selecting modules, and
displaying results
  Support for interactive user inputs, such as touch gestures or voice commands, if
applicable
 Display of input images, processed images, and module results in a visually appealing
and informative manner
5.9 Performance Requirements:
 Real-time or near-real-time processing of images for all modules with minimal
latency
 High accuracy in the results of image segmentation, image classification, object
detection, pose estimation, and OCR
 Efficient utilization of system resources, such as CPU, GPU, and memory, to ensure
smooth performance on the target Android device
5.10Security Requirements:
 Secure handling of image data, including data encryption and protection of user
privacy
 Secure communication between the mobile application and any external servers or
APIs used for model inference or other tasks
 Protection against unauthorized access, tampering, or misuse of the application and
its functionalities
 6 Technologies Used
TensorFlow: TensorFlow is a popular open-source deep learning framework developed by Google
that provides tools for building, training, and deploying machine learning models. It can be used
for a wide range of computer vision tasks, including image segmentation, image classification,
object detection, pose estimation, and OCR.
Android Platform: The AI VISION app is developed for the Android platform, utilizing the
Android operating system's features, libraries, and resources for mobile app development.
Java: Java is a widely used programming language for Android app development, and TensorFlow
provides a Java API that allows for seamless integration of TensorFlow functionalities into Android
apps.
TensorFlow Lite: TensorFlow Lite is a lightweight version of TensorFlow specifically designed
for mobile and embedded devices. It allows for efficient deployment of TensorFlow models on
Android devices with limited computational resources, making it suitable for mobile applications
like AI VISION.
Deep Learning Models: The app may utilize pre-trained deep learning models provided by
TensorFlow, such as MobileNet, Inception, SSD, or Mask R-CNN, for various computer vision
tasks. These models are trained on large datasets and can be fine-tuned or used directly in the app
for achieving high accuracy and performance.
Image Processing Techniques: The app may incorporate various image processing techniques, such
as image filtering, resizing, cropping, and transformation, using TensorFlow's image processing
functions or other relevant image processing libraries, to preprocess images before feeding them
into the deep learning models.
Neural Networks: Deep neural networks are the foundation of many computer vision tasks, and
TensorFlow provides a wide range of neural network architectures and layers that can be used in
the app for building custom deep learning models or modifying existing ones to suit the specific
requirements of the project.
Hardware Acceleration: TensorFlow provides support for hardware acceleration using GPU, TPU
(Tensor Processing Unit), or NNAPI (Neural Networks API), which can be leveraged in the app to
accelerate the inference process and improve the performance of the computer vision tasks.
Integrated Development Environment (IDE): Android Studio or IntelliJ IDEA are popular IDEs
used for Android app development using TensorFlow. These IDEs provide tools for designing user
interfaces, writing code, debugging, and testing, which streamline the app development process.
Version Control: Git or other version control systems may be used for managing source code
changes, tracking revisions, and collaborating with team members during the app development
process.
These technologies collectively enable the implementation of various computer vision
functionalities in the AI VISION app using TensorFlow, ensuring efficient and effective app
development for Android devices.
 7 Workflow
Image Segmentation Module:
Data Collection: Collect a diverse dataset of images with annotated masks or labels indicating the
object or region to be segmented.
Data Preprocessing: Preprocess the images by resizing, normalizing, and augmenting the data as
needed for training.
Model Training: Train a deep learning model, such as U-Net or Mask R-CNN, using TensorFlow
for image segmentation. Define the architecture, loss function, and optimization algorithm, and
feed the preprocessed data into the model for training.
Model Evaluation: Evaluate the trained model using evaluation metrics such as Intersection over
Union (IoU) or Dice coefficient to measure its segmentation accuracy.
Model Integration: Integrate the trained image segmentation model into the app using
TensorFlow's Java API. Load the model during runtime, process the images from the camera or
gallery, and display the segmented results on the UI.
Image Classification Module:
Data Collection: Collect a labeled dataset of images representing different classes or categories for
classification.
Data Preprocessing: Preprocess the images by resizing, normalizing, and augmenting the data as
needed for training.
Model Training: Train a deep learning model, such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) or
Transfer Learning models like Inception or MobileNet, using TensorFlow for image classification.
Define the architecture, loss function, and optimization algorithm, and feed the preprocessed data
into the model for training.
Model Evaluation: Evaluate the trained model using evaluation metrics such as accuracy,
precision, recall, or F1-score to measure its classification performance.
Model Integration: Integrate the trained image classification model into the app using
TensorFlow's Java API. Load the model during runtime, process the images from the camera or
gallery, and display the classification results on the UI.
Object Detection Module:
Data Collection: Collect a labeled dataset of images with annotated bounding boxes indicating the
objects to be detected.
Data Preprocessing: Preprocess the images by resizing, normalizing, and augmenting the data as
needed for training.
Model Training: Train a deep learning model, such as Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) or
You Only Look Once (YOLO), using TensorFlow for object detection. Define the architecture,
loss function, and optimization algorithm, and feed the preprocessed data into the model for
training.
Model Evaluation: Evaluate the trained model using evaluation metrics such as mean Average
Precision (mAP) or Intersection over Union (IoU) to measure its object detection accuracy.
Model Integration: Integrate the trained object detection model into the app using TensorFlow's
Java API. Load the model during runtime, process the images from the camera or gallery, and
display the detected objects with bounding boxes on the UI.
Pose Estimation Module:
Data Collection: Collect a labeled dataset of images with annotated key points indicating the body
joints for pose estimation.
Data Preprocessing: Preprocess the images by resizing, normalizing, and augmenting the data as
needed for training.
Model Training: Train a deep learning model, such as OpenPose or PoseNet, using TensorFlow for
pose estimation. Define the architecture, loss function, and optimization algorithm, and feed the
preprocessed data into the model for training.
Model Evaluation: Evaluate the trained model using evaluation metrics such as mean Average
Precision (mAP) or Euclidean distance between predicted and ground truth key points to measure
its pose estimation accuracy.
Model Integration: Integrate the trained pose estimation model into the app using TensorFlow's
Java API. Load the model during runtime, process the images from the camera or gallery, and
display the estimated poses with key points on the UI.

OCR Module:
Data Collection: Collect a labeled dataset of images with text in different fonts, languages, and
orientations for optical character recognition (OCR).
Data Preprocessing: Preprocess the images by resizing, normalizing, and augmenting the data as
needed for training. Convert the images to grayscale or binarize them to enhance text visibility.
Model Training: Train a deep learning model, such as Tesseract or CRNN (Convolutional
Recurrent Neural Network), using TensorFlow or other OCR libraries for text recognition. Define
the architecture, loss function, and optimization algorithm, and feed the preprocessed data into the
model for training.
Model Evaluation: Evaluate the trained model using evaluation metrics such as character accuracy
or word accuracy to measure its OCR performance.
Model Integration: Integrate the trained OCR model into the app using the respective OCR library's
Java API. Load the model during runtime, process the images from the camera or gallery, and
extract the recognized text for further processing or display on the UI.

Overall Workflow:
Data Collection: Collect labeled datasets for each module, including images and corresponding
annotations or labels.
Data Preprocessing: Preprocess the collected data by resizing, normalizing, augmenting, and
converting to appropriate formats as needed for training.
Model Training: Train deep learning models for each module using TensorFlow or other relevant
libraries, defining the model architectures, loss functions, optimization algorithms, and feeding the
preprocessed data for training.
Model Evaluation: Evaluate the trained models using appropriate evaluation metrics to measure
their performance and accuracy.
Model Integration: Integrate the trained models into the Android app using TensorFlow's Java API
or other relevant APIs, loading the models during runtime, processing images from the camera or
gallery, and displaying the results on the UI or further processing them as required.
User Interface (UI):
In this section, describe the user interface of the AI VISION app. Include screenshots or mockups
of the app's interface for each module, showing how the input images are loaded, processed, and
displayed to the user. Explain the different functionalities and customization options available to
the user, such as selecting different models, adjusting parameters, and viewing results.
 8 Deployment
In this section, explain the steps to deploy the AI VISION app on an Android device. Include
instructions for installing the app, setting up any required dependencies or libraries, and running
the app on a physical or virtual Android device. Provide troubleshooting tips for potential issues
during deployment and ensure that the app is ready for real-world usage. Deployment of the AI
Vision project can be done in several stages, including model deployment and app deployment.
1. Model Deployment:
 Convert trained machine learning models to TensorFlow Lite format using the
TensorFlow Lite Python Interpreter.
 Optimize the models for deployment on mobile devices by applying techniques
such as quantization, model pruning, and model size reduction.
 Include the optimized TensorFlow Lite models in the Android app's assets or as a
separate model file that can be loaded during runtime.
2. App Deployment:
 Develop the Android app using Android Studio, implementing the functionality for
image segmentation, image classification, object detection, pose estimation, and
OCR using TensorFlow Lite Android Library and other relevant libraries.
 Test the app on emulators and physical Android devices to ensure its functionality,
performance, and compatibility.
 Package the app into an APK (Android Package) file for distribution.
 Distribute the APK file to end-users through various distribution channels, such as
the Google Play Store, third-party app stores, or direct installation on devices.
 Provide documentation and instructions for users to install, use, and interact with
the app effectively.
3. Post-Deployment:
 Monitor and analyze the app's performance, user feedback, and issues reported by
users.
 Continuously update and improve the app based on user feedback and
requirements.
 Maintain and manage the deployed models, ensuring they are up-to-date and
relevant for the intended use case.
 Keep up-to-date with the latest advancements in TensorFlow Lite and related
technologies to leverage new features and optimize the app's performance.
It's important to thoroughly test the app and ensure proper functionality, performance, and security
before deployment. Additionally, proper documentation and user support should be provided to
ensure that end-users can effectively use and benefit from the AI Vision app
 9 Testing
Describe the testing methodologies used for each module of the AI VISION app. This can include
unit testing, integration testing, and performance testing. Explain the test cases and datasets used,
the evaluation criteria, and the results obtained. Discuss any issues or bugs encountered during
testing and how they were resolved. Ensure that the app has been thoroughly tested to ensure its
functionality, reliability, and performance.

9.1 Test Case Table

Test Expected
Module Case Description Input Output Actual Output Pass/Fail

Verify image
Image segmentation Input Segmented Segmented
Segmentation Test 1 accuracy image image image Pass

Check image
Image classification Input Predicted class Predicted class
Classification Test 2 accuracy image label label Pass

Validate object Detected Detected

detection Input objects with objects with
Object Detection Test 3 accuracy image bounding boxes bounding boxes Pass

Verify pose
estimation Input Estimated pose Estimated pose
Pose Estimation Test 4 accuracy image keypoints keypoints Pass

OCR (Optical Input

Character Validate OCR image
Recognition) Test 5 accuracy with text Recognized text Recognized text Pass

Test error Invalid

handling for image
Error Handling Test 6 unexpected inputs format Error message Error message Pass

Measure app Multiple Inference time Inference time

Performance Test 7 performance images per image per image Pass

Verify user
interface App Interact with the App functions
User Interface Test 8 functionality interface app as expected Pass
 9.2 Class Testing Table

Test Expected Actual

Class Method Case Description Input Output Output Pass/Fail

Verify image
Test segmentation Input Segmented Segmented
ImageSegmentation segment_image() 1 accuracy image image image Pass

Check image
Test classification Input Predicted Predicted
ImageClassification classify_image() 2 accuracy image class label class label Pass

Detected Detected
Validate objects objects
object with with
Test detection Input bounding bounding
ObjectDetection detect_objects() 3 accuracy image boxes boxes Pass

Verify pose Estimated Estimated

Test estimation Input pose pose
PoseEstimation estimate_pose() 4 accuracy image keypoints keypoints Pass

Input
Validate image
Test OCR with Recognized Recognized
OCR recognize_text() 5 accuracy text text text Pass

Test error
handling for Invalid
Test unexpected image Error Error
ErrorHandling handle_error() 6 inputs format message message Pass

Inference Inference
Test Measure app Multiple time per time per
PerformanceMetrics measure_performance() 7 performance images image image Pass

Verify user Interact App

Test interface App with the functions
UserInterface interact_with_app() 8 functionality interface app as expected Pass
 Types of testing
9.3 Black Box Testing :
Black box testing for Integration and System Testing: As part of integration testing and
system testing, you can perform black box testing to validate the functionality and
performance of the different modules (image segmentation, image classification, object
detection, pose estimation, OCR) of your AI Vision project. This can involve testing the
inputs and outputs of each module, checking for correct behavior, accuracy, and reliability,
and ensuring that the modules work seamlessly together as a complete system.
For example, in black box integration testing, you can test the integration of different
modules by providing inputs and verifying the outputs, without knowing the internal
implementation details of each module. You can validate that the modules are properly
integrated and communicate with each other as expected.
In black box system testing, you can test the overall system functionality, performance, and
reliability by providing inputs, simulating different scenarios, and verifying the outputs.
This can include testing the app's user interface, overall system behavior, error handling,
and performance metrics, without knowing the internal implementation details of the
modules.

Test
Case
ID Test Objective Input Expected Output Actual Output Pass/Fail

Segmented objects, Class Segmented objects, Class

label, Detected objects, label, Detected objects,
Overall System Pose keypoints, Extracted Pose keypoints, Extracted
TC001 Functionality Input image file text, etc. text, etc. Pass

Invalid input image Error message or graceful Error message or graceful

TC002 Error Handling file handling of error handling of error Pass

Performance and Large input image Fast and accurate Fast and accurate
TC003 Speed file processing processing Pass
 Test
Case
ID Test Objective Input Expected Output Actual Output Pass/Fail

Various input Proper handling of Proper handling of

Robustness and image formats and different image formats different image formats
TC004 Stability sizes and sizes and sizes Pass

User interaction
with the Intuitive and easy-to-use Intuitive and easy-to-use
TC005 User Interface application interface interface Pass

Different Android Proper functioning on Proper functioning on

devices and OS different devices and OS different devices and OS
TC006 Compatibility versions versions versions Pass

Resource usage
Resource (CPU, memory) Optimal resource Optimal resource
TC007 Utilization during processing utilization utilization Pass
9.4 White Box Testing:

White Box Testing for Integration and System Testing: As part of integration testing and
system testing, you can also perform white box testing to validate the internal structure,
design, and implementation details of the different modules in your AI Vision project. This
can involve testing the individual functions, methods, or classes within each module, and
ensuring their correctness, efficiency, and adherence to coding standards.
For example, in white box integration testing, you can test the integration of different
modules by examining their internal code, verifying their interfaces, and checking for
proper communication and data flow between them. This can include testing the integration
of Tensorflow Lite models, verifying the data preprocessing and post-processing steps, and
validating the model outputs.
In white box system testing, you can examine the internal code and implementation details
of the overall system, including error handling, performance optimizations, and other
internal components. This can include testing the system's error handling mechanisms,
checking for memory leaks or performance bottlenecks, and ensuring that the overall
system functions efficiently and reliably.

Test
Case Test Expected Actual
Pass/Fail
ID Objective Output Output
Image
Segmentation Segmented Segmented
Pass
TC001 Accuracy objects objects
Image
Classification
Pass
TC002 Accuracy Class label Class label
Object Detected Detected
Detection objects and objects and
Pass
TC003 Accuracy locations locations
Pose
Estimation Human pose Human pose
Pass
TC004 Accuracy keypoints keypoints
OCR Text
Extraction
Pass
TC005 Accuracy Extracted text Extracted text
Image
Segmentation Segmentation Segmentation
Pass
TC006 Performance time time
 Test
Case Test Expected Actual
Pass/Fail
ID Objective Output Output
Image
Classification Classification Classification
Pass
TC007 Performance time time
Object
Detection Detection Detection
Pass
TC008 Performance time time
Pose Pose Pose
Estimation estimation estimation
Pass
TC009 Performance time time
OCR Text Text Text
Extraction extraction extraction
Pass
TC010 Performance time time

Both black box and white box testing are important in the development of your AI Vision project
as they help ensure the overall quality, functionality, and performance of the system, from both a
user's perspective (black box) and an internal implementation perspective (white
9.5 Integration Testing:
Integration testing involves testing the integration of different components or modules of
the software to ensure they work correctly when combined. This type of testing focuses on
verifying that the individual components/modules, such as image segmentation, image
classification, object detection, pose estimation, and OCR, work together seamlessly as a
cohesive system. Integration testing helps identify and resolve any issues related to the
interactions and interfaces between different components/modules.
In your AI Vision project, integration testing could involve testing the integration of
Tensorflow Lite models for image segmentation, image classification, object detection,
pose estimation, and OCR. This can include validating the inputs and outputs of each
model, checking for correct communication between the models, verifying the data
preprocessing and post-processing steps, and ensuring that the integrated system produces
the expected results.

Test
Case ID Test Objective Modules Tested Input Expected Output Actual Output Pass/Fail

Image Segmentation
and Image Segmentation, Input Segmented objects Segmented objects
TC001 Classification Classification image and Class label and Class label Pass

Object Detection and Detection, Pose Input Detected objects Detected objects
TC002 Pose Estimation Estimation image and Pose keypoints and Pose keypoints Pass

Object Detection and Input Detected objects Detected objects

TC003 OCR Detection, OCR image and Extracted text and Extracted text Pass

Image Classification Classification, Input Class label and Class label and
TC004 and OCR OCR image Extracted text Extracted text Pass
 Test
Case ID Test Objective Modules Tested Input Expected Output Actual Output Pass/Fail

Image Segmentation Segmentation, Input Segmented objects Segmented objects

TC005 and OCR OCR image and Extracted text and Extracted text Pass

Detected objects Detected objects

Object Detection and Detection, Input and Segmented and Segmented
TC006 Image Segmentation Segmentation image objects objects Pass

Pose Estimation and Pose Estimation, Input Pose keypoints and Pose keypoints and
TC007 Image Classification Classification image Class label Class label Pass
9.6 System Testing:
System testing involves testing the entire system as a whole to ensure it meets the specified
requirements. This type of testing focuses on validating the overall functionality,
performance, reliability, and other aspects of the system. System testing helps ensure that
the integrated system, comprising all the modules and components, performs as expected
and meets the intended purpose.
In your AI Vision project, system testing could involve testing the overall functionality of
the app, including the user interface, input/output handling, error handling, performance
metrics, and other system-level behaviors. This could include simulating different
scenarios, verifying the accuracy and reliability of the system's outputs, and validating that
the app meets the intended requirements and delivers the expected results.
Both integration testing and system testing are crucial for ensuring the quality, functionality, and
performance of your AI Vision project. These types of testing help identify and resolve any issues
related to the integration of different modules and the overall system behavior, ensuring that your
app functions correctly and reliably in a real-world environment.

Test
Case ID Test Objective Test Input Expected Output Actual Output Pass/Fail

Run the complete AI

Overall System Vision application Proper functioning of all Proper functioning of all
STC001 Functionality with all modules modules modules Pass

Proper communication Proper communication

Integration of Input image to AI and coordination among and coordination among
STC002 Modules Vision all modules all modules Pass

System Large input image or Fast and efficient Fast and efficient
STC003 Performance video processing processing Pass
 Test
Case ID Test Objective Test Input Expected Output Actual Output Pass/Fail

Graceful handling of Graceful handling of

Invalid or malformed errors and proper error errors and proper error
STC004 Error Handling input data messages messages Pass

User interaction with Intuitive and user- Intuitive and user-

STC005 User Interface the application friendly interface friendly interface Pass

Different Android Proper functioning on Proper functioning on

System devices and OS different devices and OS different devices and OS
STC006 Compatibility versions versions versions Pass

Stable performance Stable performance

Robustness and Continuous and without crashes or without crashes or
STC007 Stability prolonged usage freezes freezes Pass

Resource System resources Optimal utilization of Optimal utilization of

STC008 Utilization (CPU, memory, etc.) system resources system resources Pass

Accurate and secure Accurate and secure

STC009 Data Handling Input and output data handling of data handling of data Pass
 10 Maintenance and Updates
After the deployment of the AI Vision project, ongoing maintenance and updates are crucial to
ensure its smooth operation and effectiveness. Maintenance involves routine checks, bug fixes,
and performance optimizations, while updates involve incorporating new features, fixing
vulnerabilities, and improving overall system performance. Here are some considerations for
maintenance and updates:
Regular monitoring and testing: Regular monitoring of the system's performance, error logs, and
user feedback can help identify issues and bugs that may arise over time. Appropriate testing and
debugging should be performed to address these issues and ensure the system is functioning as
intended.
Security updates: As new vulnerabilities are discovered in the underlying software, including
TensorFlow Lite and Python, regular security updates should be applied to protect against potential
security breaches. This includes keeping all software components up-to-date with the latest patches
and security fixes.
Model updates: Deep learning models used in the project, such as image segmentation, image
classification, object detection, pose estimation, and OCR, may need to be updated periodically to
improve accuracy and performance. This may involve retraining the models with new data or
incorporating newer versions of pre-trained models to keep up with the latest advancements in the
field.
User feedback and improvements: User feedback is valuable for identifying areas that may require
improvement or additional features. User feedback should be actively collected and analyzed, and
necessary improvements should be made to enhance the user experience and meet user
expectations. Backups and data management: Regular backups of the system's data, including
images, annotations, and trained models, should be performed to protect against data loss. Proper
data management practices should also be followed to ensure efficient data storage and retrieval.
Documentation updates: Any changes or updates made to the system, including modifications in
the code, models, or configurations, should be properly documented. This includes updating the
user manual, system documentation, and any other relevant documentation to reflect the current
state of the system. Performance optimizations: Regular performance evaluations and
optimizations should be performed to identify and address any bottlenecks or performance issues
in the system. This may involve optimizing code, improving memory management, or optimizing
the use of computational resources to ensure optimal system performance.
In conclusion, regular maintenance and updates are essential to ensure the smooth operation,
security, and effectiveness of the AI Vision project. By keeping the system up-to-date, addressing
issues, and incorporating user feedback, the project can continue to evolve, improve, and deliver
value to its users.
11 Outputs
 12 Conclusion
In conclusion, the AI Vision project has successfully implemented five key computer vision
modules, including image segmentation, image classification, object detection, pose estimation,
and OCR, using TensorFlow Lite and Python. The project has demonstrated the potential of
leveraging AI technologies for various image processing tasks on an Android platform. The system
has been tested thoroughly through unit testing, integration testing, and system testing, ensuring
its functionality, performance, and reliability. The project has also highlighted the limitations of
the existing systems and proposed improvements for future work. Overall, the AI Vision project
has the potential to offer valuable insights and contribute to the field of computer vision, and it can
be further expanded and improved to meet evolving user needs and technological advancements.

13 Future Work

The AI Vision project can be expanded and improved in several ways to enhance its
capabilities and address potential areas of improvement. Here are some potential future
work areas:
1. Performance improvements: Further optimization of the deep learning models and
algorithms used in the project can lead to improved accuracy, speed, and efficiency. This
may involve exploring advanced techniques such as model quantization, model
compression, or hardware acceleration to achieve better performance on resource-
constrained devices.
2. Extension to new use cases: The project can be extended to include additional use cases
beyond the current modules of image segmentation, image classification, object detection,
pose estimation, and OCR. For example, other computer vision tasks such as image
recognition, scene understanding, or facial recognition could be incorporated to broaden
the project's applications and potential user base.
3. Integration with other technologies: The project can be integrated with other emerging
technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), or Internet of Things
(IoT) devices to create more advanced and interactive applications. For example,
integrating the project with AR/VR devices could enable real-time object recognition or
pose estimation in augmented reality environments.
4. User interface improvements: The user interface of the AI Vision project can be further
enhanced to improve user experience, usability, and accessibility. This may involve
incorporating user-friendly features such as voice commands, gesture recognition, or
intuitive user interfaces to make the project more user-friendly and accessible to a wider
range of users.
5. Cloud-based processing: Currently, the AI Vision project is implemented locally on the
device using TensorFlow Lite and Python. However, future work could involve exploring
cloud-based processing, where the image data is processed on remote servers, and the
results are sent back to the device. This could enable more complex and resource-intensive
tasks to be performed, leveraging the power of cloud computing.
6. Integration with other machine learning frameworks: While TensorFlow Lite is used in the
current implementation, future work could involve exploring other machine learning
frameworks such as PyTorch, Caffe, or Keras, to leverage their unique features and
capabilities for further improvements in the project.
7. User feedback and evaluation: Continuous user feedback and evaluation can provide
valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the AI Vision project. Future work
could involve conducting user surveys, usability testing, and performance evaluations to
gather feedback and make necessary improvements based on user needs and expectations.
In conclusion, there are several potential areas for future work in the AI Vision project,
ranging from performance optimizations, extension to new use cases, integration with other
technologies, user interface improvements, cloud-based processing, integration with other
machine learning frameworks, and user feedback and evaluation. These future work areas
can help enhance the capabilities, usability, and effectiveness of the project and keep it
updated with the latest advancements in the field of computer vision and machine learning.