ABC’s Medical Abbreviation Am = mixed astigmatism

a.m.a. = against medical advice

AMI = acute myocardial infarction
A = accommodation; acetum; angström unit; AML = acute myelogenous (myeloblastic)
anode; anterior leukemia
a = artery AMLS = Advanced Medical Life Support
a = before amp = ampule; amputation
A2 = aortic second sound ANA = antinuclear antibody
aa = of each; arteries anat = anatomy or anatomic
AAA = abdominal aortic aneurysm ANNA = anti-neuronal nuclear antibody
abd = abdominal/abdomen ANP = atrial natriuretic peptide
ABG = arterial blood gas ant. = anterior
ABI = ankle-brachial index anti-CCP = anticyclic citrullinated peptide
ABO = three basic blood groups Ao. = aorta
AC = adrenal cortex; air conduction; alternating A-P = anterior-posterior
current; axiocervical A&P = auscultation and percussion
a.c., ac = before a meal ap = before dinner
acc. = accommodation APAP = acetaminophen
A/CA = accommodative/convergence aPTT = activated partial thromboplastin
accommodation ratio AQ, aq = water
ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme aq. dest. = distilled water
ACh = acetylcholine aq. frig. = cold water
AChE = acetylcholinesterase ARC = AIDS-related complex
AChR = acetylcholine receptor ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome
ACLS = advanced cardiac life support ARMD = age-related macular degeneration
ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone AS = ankylosing spondylitis; aortic stenosis;
AD = advance directive auris sinistra (left ear)
ad = to; up to As. = astigmatism
ADH = antidiuretic hormone ASA = acetylsalicylic acid
ADHD = attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder ASC = atypical squamous cells
ADL, ADLs = activities of daily living asc. = ascending
ad lib. = freely; as desired ASCA = anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody
admov. = apply ASC-US = atypical squamous cells of
ad sat. = to saturation undetermined significance
AED = antiepileptic drug ASCVD = atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
AF = atrial fibrillation ASD = atrial septal defect
AFB = acid-fast bacillus AsH = hypermetropic astigmatism
AFP = alpha-fetoprotein AsM = myopic astigmatism
A/G; A-G ratio = albumin/globulin ratio AST = aspartate aminotransferase
Ag = silver; antigen Ast = astigmatism
AGC = atypical glandular cells ATCC = American Type Culture Collection
AgNO3 = silver nitrate at. wt. = atomic weight
ah = hypermetropic astigmatism Au = gold
AHF = antihemophilic factor A-V; AV; A/V = arteriovenous; atrioventricular
AI = aortic incompetence; aortic insufficiency av. = avoirdupois
AICD = automatic implantable cardiac AVM = arteriovenous malformation
defibrillator AVP = arginine vasopressin
AIDS = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome B = boron; bacillus
AK = above the knee Ba = barium
Al = aluminum BAC = blood alcohol concentration
Alb = albumin BBB = blood-brain barrier; bundle branch block
ALL = acute lymphocytic leukemia BBT = basal body temperature
ALP = alkaline phosphatase BCG = bacille Calmette-Guérin
ALS = amyotrophic lateral sclerosis BCLS = basic cardiac life support
ALT = alanine aminotransferase BCP = birth control pills
alt. dieb. = every other day BD = Buerger disease
alt. hor. = every other hour BE = barium enema
alt. noc. = every other night Be = beryllium
AM = morning BHS = beta-hemolytic streptococci
Bi = bismuth ChE = cholinesterase
b. = bone CHF = congestive heart failure
bib. = drink CI = cardiac index
b.i.d., bid = twice a day Ci = curie
b.i.n. = twice a night CIN = cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
bipap = bilevel positive airway pressure CIS = carcinoma in situ
BK = below the knee CK = creatine kinase
BLS = basic life support CK-MB = serum creatine kinase, myocardial-
BM = bowel movement bound
BMI = body mass index Cl = chlorine
BMR = basal metabolic rate CLL = chronic lymphocytic leukemia
BMS = bone marrow suppression cm = centimeter
BMT = bone marrow transplantation c.m.s. = to be taken tomorrow morning
BNP = brain natriuretic peptide CMT = certified medication technician
bol. = pill CMV = cytomegalovirus
BP = blood pressure c.n. = tomorrow night
B.P. = British Pharmacopeia CNS = central nervous system
BPH = benign prostatic hyperplasia c.n.s. = to be taken tomorrow night
bpm = beats per minute CO = carbon monoxide; cardiac output
BRM =biologic response modifier CO2 = carbon dioxide
BROW = barley, rye, oats, and wheat Co = cobalt
BSA = body surface area c/o = complains of
BSE = breast self-examination COLD = chronic obstructive lung disease
BUN = blood urea nitrogen comp. = compound; compounded of
BW = birth weight; body weight COMT = catechol-O-methyltransferase
Bx = biopsy COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C = Calorie (kilocalorie); Celsius COX-2 = cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors
c = calorie (small calorie) CP = cerebral palsy; cleft palate
c = with CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure
CA = coronary artery CPC = clinicopathologic conference
ca. = about; approximately; cancer CPD = cephalopelvic disproportion
CABG = coronary artery bypass graft CPHSS = Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale
CaCO3 = calcium carbonate CPK = creatine phosphokinase
CAD = coronary artery disease CPM = continuous passive motion
CAH = chronic active hepatitis CPR = cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cal = large calorie CR = conditioned reflex; controlled release;
CAP = let (the patient) take crown-rump length
cap. = capsule CREST = calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon,
C&S = culture and sensitivity esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly,
cath = catheter telangiectasia (cluster of features of systemic
CBC = complete blood count sclerosis scleroderma)
CBI = continuous bladder irrigation CRP = c. reactive protein
CBRNE = chemical, biological, radiological, CRS-R = Conners Rating Scales-Revised
nuclear, and explosive agents CS = cardiogenic shock; cesarean section;
CBT = cognitive behavioral therapy culture and sensitivity
CC = chief complaint CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; colony-stimulating
cc = cubic centimeter factor
CCl 4 = carbon tetrachloride CSH = combat support hospital
CCU = coronary care unit; critical care unit CT = computed/computerized tomography
CD4 = T-helper cells Cu = copper
CD8 = cytotoxic cells CV = cardiovascular
CDC = Centers for Disease Control and CVA = cardiovascular accident; cerebrovascular
Prevention accident; costovertebral angle
CEA = carcinoembryonic antigen CVC = central venous catheter
CF = cystic fibrosis; Christmas factor CVP = central venous pressure
CFTR = cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator CVRB = critical value read back
cg = centigram CVS = chorionic villi sampling
CHD = congenital heart disease; coronary heart CXR = chest x-ray
disease D = diopter; dose
D5/0.9 NaCl = 5% dextrose and normal saline ED = emergency department; effective dose;
solution (0.9% NaCl) erythema dose; erectile dysfunction
D5/½ /NS = 5% dextrose and half-normal saline EDD = estimated date of delivery (formerly EDC:
solution (0.45% NaCl) estimated date of confinement)
D5W = 5% dextrose in water EEG = electroencephalogram
d = density; right EENT = eye, ear, nose, and throat
/d = per day EF = ejection fraction
D and C = dilatation and curettage EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy
dB = decibel EIA = enzyme immunosorbent assay
DBP = diastolic blood pressure EKG = electrocardiogram; electrocardiograph
DC = direct current; doctor of chiropractic ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
dc = discontinue elix. = elixir
Derm = dermatology Em = emmetropia
det. = let it be given EMA-IgA = immunoglobulin A antiendomysial
DEXA =dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry EMG = electromyogram, electromyography
DFV = Doppler flow velocimetry EMS = emergency medical service
DHT = dihydrotestosterone Endo = endocrine
DI = diabetes insipidus ENT = ear, nose, and throat
DIC = disseminated intravascular coagulation EOM = extraocular muscles
dieb. alt. = every other day EP = extrapyramidal
dieb. tert. = every third day EPS = extrapyramidal symptoms
dil. = dilute; diluted ER = Emergency Room, extended-release
dim. = halved ERCP = endoscopic retrograde
DISIDA (scan) = Di isopropyl iminodiacetic acid cholangiopancreatography
(cholescintigraphy) ESR = erythrocyte sedimentation rate
DJD = degenerative joint disease ESRD = end-stage renal disease
DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis EST = electroshock therapy
dL = deciliter ESWL= extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
DM = diabetes mellitus ET-1 = endothelin-1
DMARD = disease-modulating antirheumatic ETOH, EtOH = ethyl alcohol
drug ext. = extensor; external
DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid F = Fahrenheit
DNH = do not hospitalize f = female
DNR = do not resuscitate FA = fatty acid
DOA = dead on arrival F and E = fluid and electrolyte
DOB = date of birth FAP= familial adenomatous polyposis
DOE = dyspnea on exertion FBS = fasting blood sugar
DPat = diphtheria-acellular pertussis tetanus FD = fatal dose; focal distance
(vaccine) FDA = (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration
DPT = diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (vaccine) Fe iron
dr. = dram FEV = forced expiratory volume
DRE = digital rectal examination FFP = fresh frozen plasma
DRG = diagnosis-related group FHT = fetal heart tone
DSM-IV-TR = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual FISH = fluorescence in situ hybridization
of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision fl. = flexor
DTR = deep tendon reflex(es) Fld = fluid
DTs = delirium tremens FP = family practice; family practitioner
dur. dolor = while pain lasts FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone
DVT = deep vein thrombosis FTT = failure to thrive
Dx = diagnosis FUO = fever of unknown origin
D5W = dextrose 5% in water G, g, gm = gram
DWI = driving while intoxicated GABA = gamma-aminobutyric acid
E = eye; Escherichia GABAB = gamma-aminobutyric acid type B
EBV = Epstein-Barr virus GABRB3 = GABAA receptor gene
ECF = extended care facility; extracellular fluid garg = gargle
ECG = electrocardiogram, electrocardiograph GB = gallbladder; Guillain-Barré
ECHO = echocardiography GC = gonococcus or gonorrheal
ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation GDM = gestational diabetes mellitus
ECT = electroconvulsive therapy GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale
GERD = gastroesophageal reflux disease HPV = human papillomavirus
GFR = glomerular filtration rate HR = heart rate
GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase HRT = hormone replacement therapy
GH = growth hormone HSIL = high-grade squamous intraepithelial
GI = gastrointestinal lesion
GnRH = gonadotropin-releasing hormone HSV = herpes simplex virus
GP = general practitioner HTLV-III = human T lymphotropic virus type III
G6PD = glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase HTN = hypertension
gr = grain hx, Hx = history
grad = by degrees Hy = hyperopia
GRAS = generally recognized as safe Hz = hertz (cycles per second)
GSW = gunshot wound I iodine
GTT = glucose tolerance test 131I = radioactive isotope of iodine (atomic
Gtt, gtt = drops weight 131)
GU = genitourinary 132I = radioactive isotope of iodine (atomic
guttat. = drop by drop weight 132)
GVHD = graft-versus-host disease I&O = intake and output
GYN = gynecology IBW = ideal body weight
H = hydrogen IC = inspiratory capacity
H+ = hydrogen ion ICD = implantable cardioverter defibrillator
h, hr = hour ICP = intracranial pressure
H&H = hematocrit and hemoglobin ICS = intercostal space
H1N1 = hemagglutinin type 1 and ICSH = interstitial cell-stimulating hormone
neuraminidase type 1 ICU = intensive care unit
H2 = histamine 2 Id. = the same
HAART = highly active antiretroviral therapy IDDM = insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
HAV = hepatitis A virus IDM = infants of diabetic mothers
HBV = hepatitis B virus IED = improvised explosive device
HCG = human chorionic gonadotropin Ig = immunoglobulin
HCP = health care professional IgE = immunoglobulin E
HCT, Hct = hematocrit IgG = immunoglobulin G
HCV = hepatitis C virus IL-1 interleukin 1
HD = hearing distance IL-8 = interleukin 8
HDL = high-density lipoprotein IM = intramuscular
HDV = hepatitis D in d. = daily
HEENT = head, eye, ear, nose, and throat INF = interferon
HELLP = hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low inf. = inferior
platelets inj. = injection
HEPA = high-efficiency particulate air INR = international normalized ratio
HER2 = human EGF (epidermal growth factor) instill. = instillation
receptor 2 int. = internal
HEV = hepatitis E IOP = intraocular pressure
HF = = heart failure IPPB = intermittent positive pressure breathing
Hg mercury IQ = intelligence quotient
hgb = hemoglobin IRV = inspiratory reserve volume
HGSIL = high-grade squamous intraepithelial I.U. a = international unit
lesion IUCD = intrauterine contraceptive device
Hib = Haemophilus influenzae type B IUD = intrauterine device
HIDA = hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid IUFD = intrauterine fetal death
(cholescintigraphy) IV = intravenous
HIV = human immunodeficiency virus IVP = intravenous pyelogram
HLA = human leukocyteantigen J = joule
h/o = history of JNC 7 = The Seventh Report of the Joint National
HOB = head of bed Committee on Prevention, Detection,
H2O = water Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood
H2O2 = hydrogen peroxide Pressure
hor. decub. = bedtime JRA = juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
hor. som, h.s. = bedtime jt. = joint
HPI = history of present illness K = potassium
kg = kilogram mEq = milliequivalent
KI = potassium iodine mEq/L = milliequivalent per liter
KOH = potassium hydroxide ME ratio = myeloid/erythroid ratio
KS = Kaposi sarcoma MG = myasthenia gravis
KUB = kidney, ureter, and bladder Mg = magnesium
kv = kilovolt MgSO4 = magnesium sulfate
KVO = keep vein open µg = microgram
L = liter mg = milligram
L&D = labor and delivery MI = myocardial infarction
lab = laboratory MID = minimum infective dose
lat = lateral mist. = a mixture
lb = pound mL = milliliter
LBW = low birth weight MLD = minimum lethal dose
LD50 = lethal dose, median MLF = medial longitudinal fasciculus
LDH = lactate dehydrogenase MM = mucous membrane; multiple myeloma
LDL = low-density lipoprotein mm = millimeter
LE = lower extremity; lupus erythematosus mm Hg = millimeters of mercury
LEEP = loop electrosurgical excision procedure mMol = millimole
LFT = liver function test MMR = measles-mumps-rubella (vaccine)
LGA = large for gestational age MMSE = Mini-Mental Status Examination
LH = luteinizing hormone Mn = manganese
Li = lithium mol wt = molecular weight
lig = ligament mor. dict. = as directed
liq. = liquid; fluid mor. sol. = as accustomed
LLE = left lower extremity MPC = maximum permitted concentration
LLL = left lower lobe MPN = most probable number
LLQ = left lower quadrant mr = milliroentgen
lmp = last menstrual period MRA = magnetic resonance angiography
LOC = level/loss of consciousness MRgFUS = MR-guided focused ultrasound
LP = lumbar puncture surgery
LR = lactated Ringer (solution) MRI = magnetic resonance imaging
LSIL = low-grade squamous epithelial lesion MS = mitral stenosis; multiple sclerosis
LTD lowest tolerated dose MV = mitral valve
LUE = left upper extremity mV = millivolt
LUL = left upper lobe MVA = motor vehicle accident
LUQ = left upper quadrant MW = molecular weight
LV = left ventricle My = myopia
LVAD = left ventricular assist device N = nitrogen
LVH = left ventricular hypertrophy n = nerve
M = master; medicine; molar; thousand; muscle N/A = not applicable
m = male; meter; minim; mole; meta; muscle Na = sodium
MA = mental age NAA = nucleic acid amplification
MAO-B = monoamine oxidase-B NAD = no acute distress
man. prim. = first thing in the morning n.b. = note well
MAP = mean arterial pressure nCi = nanocurie
MAT = Miller Analogies Test NDC = National Drug Code
MBD = minimal brain dysfunction NG, ng = nasogastric
mc; mCi = millicurie NGT = nasogastric tube
mcg = microgram NH3 = ammonia
MCH = mean corpuscular hemoglobin Ni = nickel
MCHC = mean corpuscular hemoglobin NICU = neonatal intensive care unit
concentration NIDDM = noninsulin-dependent diabetes
MCV = mean corpuscular volume mellitus
MD = muscular dystrophy NIH = National Institutes of Health
MDI = metered-dose inhaler NK = natural killer
MED = minimum effective dose NKA = no known allergies
med = medial NMDA = N-methyl D-aspartate
MELD = Model for End-Stage Liver Disease NMJ = neuromuscular junction
µEq = microequivalent NMS = neuroleptic malignant syndrome
nn = nerves PCWP = pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
noct. = in the night PD = interpupillary distance; Parkinson disease;
noct. maneq. = night and morning peritoneal dialysis
non rep; n.r. = do not repeat pd = prism diopter; pupillary distance
NPN = nonprotein nitrogen PDA = patent ductus arteriosus
NPO; n.p.o.= nothing by mouth PDR = Physicians' Desk Reference
NRC = normal retinal correspondence PE = physical examination; pulmonary embolism
NS = normal saline PEEP = positive end expiratory pressure
NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug PEFR = peak expiratory flow rate
NSR = normal sinus rhythm PEG = percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
N&V, N/V = nausea and vomiting per = through or by
O = pint PERRLA = pupils equal, regular, react to light
O2 = oxygen and accommodation
OB = obstetrics PET = positron emission tomography
OC = oral contraceptive PFP, P4P = pay for performance
OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder PFT = pulmonary function test
O.D. = right eye pH = hydrogen ion concentration
ol. = oil Pharm; Phar. = pharmacy
om. mane vel noc. = every morning or night PI = present illness; previous illness
omn. hor. = every hour PICC = peripherally inserted central catheter
omn. noct. = every night PID = pelvic inflammatory disease
OmPC = outer membrane porin C PIH = pregnancy-induced hypertension
OOB = out of bed pil. = pill
OPD = outpatient department PIP = proximal interphalangeal
OR = operating room PIPDA (scan) = 99mTc-para-
ORIF = open reduction with/and internal isopropylacetanilido-iminodiaacetic acid
fixation (cholescintigraphy)
O.S. = left eye PKU = phenylketonuria
OSHA = Occupational Safety and Health PM = afternoon/evening
Administration PMH= past medical history
OT = occupational therapy PMI = point of maximal impulse
OTC = over-the-counter PMN = polymorphonuclear neutrophil
OU = each eye leukocytes
oz = ounce PMS = premenstrual syndrome
P, p = melting point PND = paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
p = after PNH = paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
P2 = pulmonic second sound PNS = peripheral nervous system
P-A; PA; pa = placenta abruption; PO; p.o. = orally
posteroanterior; pulmonary artery POLST = physician orders for life-sustaining
PABA = para-aminobenzoic acid (vitamin B10) therapy
Paco2 = partial pressure of carbon dioxide in post. = posterior
alveolar gas PP = placenta previa
PACU = postanesthesia care unit PPD = purified protein derivative (TB test)
PAD = peripheral arterial disease ppm = parts per million
PALS = pediatric advanced life support p.r. = through the rectum
P-ANCA = perinuclear antineutrophil PRBCs = packed red blood cells
cytoplasmic antibody p.r.n. = as needed
PAO 2 = alveolar oxygen partial pressure pro time/PT = prothrombin time
Pap, Pap test = Papanicolaou smear PSA = prostate-specific antigen
part. vic = in divided doses PSV = prostate-specific antigen
Pb = lead PT = prothrombin time; physical therapy
PBI = protein-bound iodine Pt = platinum; patient
p.c. = after meals pt = pint
PCA = patient-controlled analgesia PTT = partial thromboplastin time
Pco 2 = carbon dioxide pressure Pu = plutonium
PCOS = polycystic ovarian syndrome PUBS = percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
PCP = Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; primary PUVA = psoralen ultraviolet A
care physician; primary care provider p.v. = through the vagina
PCR = polymerase chain reaction PVC = premature ventricular contraction
PVR = peripheral vascular resistance SC, sc, s.c. = subcutaneous(ly)
q = every SCI = spinal cord injury
q.d. = every day S.D. = standard deviation
QFT-G = QuantiFERON-TB Gold SDAT = senile dementia of the Alzheimer type
q.h. = every hour S.E. = standard error
q.2h. = every 2 hours Se = selenium
q.3h. = every 3 hours Sed rate = sedimentation rate
q.4h. = every 4 hours semih. = half an hour
q.i.d. = a four times a day SERM = selective estrogen receptor modulator
q.l. = as much as wanted SGA = small for gestational age
qns = quantity not sufficient SI = international system of units
q.o.d. = a every other day Si = silicon
q.p. =as much as desired SIADH = syndrome of inappropriate diuretic
q.s. = as much as needed hormone
qt = quart SIDS = sudden infant death syndrome
q.v. = as much as you please Sig. = write on label
RA = rheumatoid arthritis SJS = Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Ra = radium SLE = systemic lupus erythematosus
rad = radiation absorbed dose SLP = speech-language pathology
RAI = radioactive iodine Sn = tin
RAIU = radioactive iodine uptake SNF = skilled nursing facility
RBC = red blood cell; red blood count SNRI = serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake
RD = Raynaud disease inhibitor
RDA = recommended daily/dietary allowance SNS = sympathetic nervous system
RDS = respiratory distress syndrome SOB = shortness of breath
RE = right eye sol = solution, dissolved
Re = rhenium s.o.s. = if necessary
REM = rapid eye movement S/P = no change after
RF = rheumatoid factor SPECT = single-photon emission computed
RFT = renal function test tomography
Rh = rhesus factor; rhodium sp gr = specific gravity
RHD = rheumatic heart disease SPF = skin protection factor
RLE = right lower extremity sph =spherical
RLL = right lower lobe spt. = spirit
RLQ = right lower quadrant s.q. = subcutaneous(ly)
RML = right middle lobe of lung Sr = strontium
Rn = radon ss = a half
RNA = ribonucleic acid SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
R/O = rule out SSS = sick sinus syndrome
ROM = range of motion st. = let it/them stand
ROS = review of systems Staph = Staphylococcus
RPM = revolutions per minute stat. = immediately
RQ = respiratory quotient STD = sexually transmitted disease
RR = recovery room; respiratory rate Strep = Streptococcus
RSV = respiratory syncytial virus STS = serologic test for syphilis
RT = radiation therapy; respiratory therapy STU = skin test unit
R/T = related to sup. = superior
RUE = right upper extremity supf. = superficial
RUL = right upper lobe SV = stroke volume; supraventricular
RUQ = right upper quadrant SVC = superior vena cava
S = mark Sx = symptoms
s = without syr. = syrup
S. = sacral T = temperature
S-A; S/A; SA = sinoatrial T3 = triiodothyronine
SAD = seasonal affective disorder T4 = tetraiodothyronine; thyroxine
SARS = severe acute respiratory syndrome T6 = thoracic nerve pair 6
SB = small bowel TA = toxin-antitoxin
Sb = antimony Ta = tantalum
SBP = systolic blood pressure T&A = tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
TAH = total abdominal hysterectomy Umb; umb = umbilicus
TAT = thematic apperception test ung. = ointment
T.A.T. = toxin-antitoxin URI = upper respiratory infection
TB = tuberculin; tuberculosis; tubercle bacillus US = ultrasonic, ultrasound
Tb = terbium USAN = United States Adopted Name
t.d.s. = to be taken three times daily USP = United States Pharmacopeia
Te = tellurium; tetanus ut. dict. = as directed
TEE = transesophageal echocardiogram UTI = urinary tract infection
TEN = toxic epidermal necrolysis UV = ultraviolet
TENS = transcutaneous electrical nerve v = vein
stimulation VA = visual acuity
TG = thyroglobulin VC = vital capacity
Th = thorium VD = venereal disease
THR = total hip replacement VDRL = Venereal Disease Research Laboratories
TIA = transient ischemic attack VF = ventricular fibrillation
TIBC = total iron-binding capacity Vf = field of vision
t.i.d. = three times a day VLBW = very low birth weight
t.i.n. = three times a night VLDL = very low density lipoprotein
tinct., tr = tincture VMA = vanillylmandelic acid
TKR = total knee replacement VOE = VistA-Office Electronic Health Record
Tl = thallium vol. = volume
TLC, tlc = tender loving care; thin layer vol = % volume percent
chromatography; total lung capacity VORB = verbal order read back
TM = tympanic membrane V/Q = ventilation/perfusion
TMJ = temporomandibular joint VS = volumetric solution; vesicular sound; vital
TN = trigeminal nerve signs
TNF = tumor necrosis factor VSD = ventricular septal defect
TNF-I = tumor necrosis factor inhibitor VT = ventricular tachycardia
TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor alpha vv = veins
TNM = tumor-node-metastasis VZIG = varicella zoster immune globulin
TNT = trinitrotoluene W = tungsten
TNTM = too numerous to mention w = watt
top. = topically WAIS = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
TORB = telephone order read back WAP = written action plan
TPI = Treponema pallidum immobilization test WBC = white blood cell; white blood count
for syphilis WDWN = well-developed, well-nourished
TPN = total parenteral nutrition WF/BF = white female/black female
TPO = thyroid peroxidase WH = well-hydrated
TPR = temperature, pulse, and respiration WM/BM = white male/black male
tr, tinct. = tincture WN = well-nourished
TRAP criteria = tremor, rigidity, akinesia or WNL = within normal limits
postural instablity bradykinesia, and postural wt. = weight
instability w/v. = weight in volume
Treg = regulatory T cell x = multiplied by
trit. = triturate, grind y yocto-
TSD = time since death yo = years old
TSE = testicular self-examination yr = year
TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone Z = atomic number
tTG = antitransglutaminase Zn = zinc
TUMA = transurethral microwave antenna
TUR = transurethral resection
TURP = transurethral resection of the prostate
Tx = treatment
U = a uranium; unit a
UA = urinalysis
UC = ulcerative colitis
UE = upper extremity
UHF = ultrahigh frequency
ult. praes. = the last ordered