FORENSIC EXAMINATION 2.

The silver dos mundos or pillar dollar- considered as

COUNTERFEIT CURRENCY one of the world's most beautiful coins.

Counterfeiting is the fraudalent reproduction of currency,

whether coins or
notes.
• Counterfeiters mostly target paper currency or notes
because of their higher denomination currency.
Forgery may be committed by any of the following means:
1. By giving to a treasury or bank note or any instrument,
payable to bearer or order mentioned therein, the appearance
of a true genuine document.
3. Pesos Fuertes- issued by the country's first bank, the
2. By erasing, substituting, counterfeiting or altering by El Banco Espanol Filipino de Isabel II, were the first paper
any means the figures, letters, words or signs contained money circulated in the country.
therein. (Art. 169, RPC).

The Evolution of the Philippine Currency

Peso- Is the Philippine currency which is denoted by the
symbol P or PHP.
• Banko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)- has the sole
power and authority to issue currency in the
country.
Pre-Hespanic Era
Piloncitos- small bead-like gold bits considered by the
local numismatists as the earliest coin of the ancient
Filipinos. REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD

1. Republika Filipina Papel Moneda de Un Peso

and Cinco Pesos

SPANISH ERA
1. Cobs or macuquinas- were the earliest coins brought 2. 2 centimos de peso copper
in by the galleons from Mexico and other Spanish
colonies.
The American Period
The Americans instituted a monetary system for the Philippine based on gold and pegged the Philippine peso to the American dollar
at the ratio of 2:1. The US Congress approved the Coinage Act for the Philippines in 1903.

The coins issued under the system bore the designs of Filipino engraver and artist, Melecio Figeuroa. The renaming of El Banco Espanol
Filipino to Bank of the Philippine Islands 1912 paved the way for the use of English from Spanish in all notes and coins issued up to
1933. Treasury certificates replaced the silver certificates series, and a one-peso note was added.

20-PESO CURRENCY BANK NOTE

Obverse Manuel L. Quezon, Declaration of Filipino as the national

language, Malacañan Palace

Reverse Banaue Rice Terraces; Paradoxurus hermaphroditus

philippinensis, Palm Civet; Cordilleras weave design

Color Orange

Description The portrait of Manuel Quezon was revised, the Malacañan

Palace was moved from the reverse to the bottom center of the
obverse. The reverse now features the Banaue Rice Terraces and
the Palm Civet.

50-PESO CURRENCY BANK NOTE

Obverse Sergio Osmeña, First Philippine Assembly, Leyte Landing

Reverse Taal Lake in Batangas; Catanx ignobilis, Maliputo (Giant trevally);

Batangas embroidery design

Color Red

Description The portrait of Sergio Osmeña was revised, a picture of the first
Philippine Assembly and Osmeña and General Douglas MacArthur's
landing in Leyte was added on the lower left corner and bottom center
of the bill respectively. The reverse now features the Taal Lake and the
giant trevally.
 100 PESO CURRENCY BANK NOTE

bverse Manuel A. Roxas, Old BSP building in Intramuros, Manila, Inauguration of the Third
Philippine Republic

Reverse Mayon Volcano in Albay; Butanding, Rhincodon typus, whale shark; Bicol textile
design

Color Violet

Description The portrait of Manuel Roxas was redesigned, a picture of the old Central Bank
building and the inauguration of the Republic of the Philippines was added on the
lower left corner and bottom center of the bill respectively. The reverse now
features the Mayon Volcano and the whale shark.

200 PESO CURRENCY BANK NOTE

Obverse Diosdado P. Macapagal, EDSA People Power 2001, Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit,
Cavite, Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan

Reverse Chocolate Hills in Bohol; Tarsius syrichta, Philippine Tarsier; Visayas weave
design

Color Green

Description The portrait of Diosdado Macapagal was revised, the Arroyo oathtaking was
moved from the reverse to the lower left of the obverse with the Aguinaldo Shrine
at the background and the Barasoain Church was added on the lower middle. The
reverse now features the Chocolate Hills and the Philippine Tarsier.
 500 PESO CURRENCY BANK NOTE

Obverse Corazon C. Aquino, Benigno S. Aquino, Jr., EDSA People Power I, Benigno Aquino
monument in Makati City

Reverse Subterranean Underground River in Puerto Princesa, Palawan; Tanygnathus

lucionensis, Blue-Naped Parrot; Southern Philippines cloth design

Color Yellow

Description The portrait of Benigno Aquino, Jr. was redesigned and a portrait of his wife,
former president Corazon Aquino, was added, a scene from the EDSA Revolution
was added on the lower left of the obverse and the Ninoy Aquino Monument was
added in the lower middle. The reverse now features the Puerto Princesa
Subterranean River National Park and the Blue-Naped Parrot.

1000 PESO CURRENCY BANK NOTE

Obverse José Abad Santos, Vicente Lim, Josefa Llanes Escoda

Reverse Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park in Sulu Sea; Pinctada maxima, South Sea
Pearl; Mindanao design for Tinalak (Ikat-dyed abaca)

Color blue

Description The portrait of Abad Santos, Lim and Escoda were revised, a scene from the
Centennial celebration of Philippine independence was added on the lower
left. The reverse now features the Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park and the
South Sea Pearl.
SECURITY FEATURES