NSTP – I

Civic Welfare Training Service

Lesson 1: National Security

A. Fundamental Elements
B. National Security Interest

Other National Security Concern

Objective:
Overview of National Security Situation
1. External threats situation (Foreign, global terrorism and transnational crimes)
2. Internal threats situation (Insurgency problem and other local threats, History,
strategy, recruitment, methods and propaganda, Concepts of threats as applied in
the Philippine setting, their capabilities and responsibilities)
A. Peace Education
Understanding culture Peace (Cultivating inner peace, Dismantling the culture war, living
with justice and compassion, living with harmony with earth, promoting human rights
responsibilities and building intercultural respect, reconciliation and solidarity)

National Security
- Is a state or condition where our most cherished values and beliefs our
democratic way of life, our institutions of governance and our unity.
- Welfare and well- being as a nation and people are permanently protected and
continuously enhanced.
-
7 Fundamental Elements
1. Socio- Political Stability
- We must achieve peace and harmony among all Filipinos, regardless of creed,
ethic, origin, or social station. The government and the people must engage in
national building under the rule of law, constitutional democracy and the full
respect for human rights
2. Territorial integrity- we must ensure the permanent inviolability of our national
territory and its effective control by the government and the state.
3. Economic Solidarity and strength- we must vigorously pursue a free- market
economy through responsible entrepreneurship, based on social conscience, respect
for dignity of labor and concern for the public interest.
4. Ecological Balance- National survival rests upon the effective conservation of our
natural environmental in the face of industrial and agricultural expansion and
population growth.
5. Cultural cohesiveness- our lives as a people must be ruled by a common set of
values and believe grounded on high moral and ethical standard, drawn from our
heritage and embodying a Filipino standard identity transcending religious, ethnic
and linguistic differences.
6. Moral- spiritual consensus- we must be propelled by a national vision inspired and
manifested in our words and deeds, by patriotism and national pride and the
advancement of the national goals and objective.
7. External peace- we must pursue constructive and cordial relations with all nations
and peoples, even as our nations itself must chart an independent course. Free from
external control, interference or threat or aggression.

Lesson 2: National Threats

Internal Threat
- Our national security environment is infused with four threats to our national
security make up the first dimension
1. Moro Islamic liberation front (MILF) – the MILF in constructive peace negotiation, the
armed activities of the group continue to be a source of serious concern particularly
the building up its defensive and offensive capabilities. Hand in hand with this
security problem is the threat from the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) , a small bond of
highly mobile terrorist with suspected links to international networks.
2. The Communist Party of the Philippines/ New People’s Army/ National Democratic
Front (CPP/NPA/NDF)- continues tons pose a serious threat to national security
although presently weakened in comparison with their peak strength in the period
1985-87.
3. Organized Crime- a national security concern. The challenge of illegal drugs in
particular, has grown into the major threat to the national community.
4. Grave incidence of poverty- also a serious threat to national security especially to the
extent that it breeds rebellion, crime and dissidence. It affects 1/3 of Filipino
nationwide
5. Economic sabotage- undermines the market economy, the financial system and the
nation’s resources. Under these categories are underground activities such as
counterfeiting, money laundering, large scale smuggling, enter oceanic poaching and
commercial dumping.
6. Graft and corruption- has become another threat to our national security for virtue of
the huge scale by which it saps public resources, undermines the moral of civil service
and affects the delivery of quality basic services
7. Severe calamities- cause serious food shortage, abet hoarding and profiteering tools
stands at more than 13,000 lives lost and php 179 billion property destroyed
8. Persistent environment degradation- poses a long-term security threat. The alteration
of forest and water shades, air-land-water pollution and proliferation of toxic
substances are a cause of sickness, death and the diminution of national productivity
and well-being.
External Threats
1. The multi-lateral dispute over the spratly island is the source of intermittent tensions
owning to the build-up structures, believed to be military- oriented by some claimant
countries in the area.
2. The smuggling fire arms and contraband illegal migration and occupational movement
of foreign territories through the porous borders of our southwestern frontier have
elected transnational concern, Philippine law enforcement agency work closely with
international policy organizations, bilaterally to check this activity.
3. The lingering effects of the currency crisis affecting the countries with in the
association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN) are cause of regional anxieties which
tend to aggravate the political instability and socio- economic dislocations involving
the poorest people.
 4. The serious economic disparity between rich and poor nations keeps the world in a
state of instability and virtually on the brink of war in many places.
5. Ethnic, religious and cultural conflict pervades many regions and nations including
our own. It is constantly exacerbated by mass poverty, limited access to resources,
denial of human rights, lack of national integration and international issues.
Our National Security Policy for Change and Filipino Well- Being (2017-2022)

“My dream is that all Filipinos will say they are Filipinos, no longer from left or right,
Moro rebels or terrorist, and live in peace.” President Rodrigo R. Duterte (Business
Forum, Davao City, June 21, 2016)

Chapter 1 NSP Purpose

 Provides a roadmap for the attainment of the country’s security vision and
mission.
 Outlines national security priorities based on realistic analyses of risks and
opportunities
 Offers a strategic direction on how to protect and enhance our national interest,
and
 Introduces actions and measures for its effective management and
implementation.

Lesson 3:
A.National Security Interest
 Public Safety and order
 Territorial integrity
 Economic solidarity
 Cultural cohesiveness
 Ecological balance
 External peace and harmony
 Moral- spiritual consensus

B. National Security Vision

the Government of the Republic to the Philippines envision by 2022, a united and secure
nation wherein the people’s core values, welfare and well-being, way of life; territorial
integrity and sovereignty are protected and enhanced.

C. National Security Challenge

Internal Environment:
1. Law and Order and Criminality
a. Illegal drugs
b. Criminality
c. Crimes against person
2. Internal armed conflicts
a. Communist insurgency
b. Secessionist movement
3. Terrorism & transnational crimes
a. ASG
b. Transnational Crimes
 4. Economic and Social Threats
a. Poverty
b. Graft and corruption
c. Resource security (Food, human resources, energy

External Threats
1. Overlapping Territorial and Maritime Claims and other Regional Concerns
a. The West Philippine Sea and elsewhere
b. Encroachments into PHL EEZ
c. Possible Korean Peninsula Conflict.
2. Global & Regional Geopolitical Issue
a. United States
b. Japan
c. ASEAN
d. China
e. Others (South Korea, Australia, Russia and India.)
3. Global Uncertainty and WMD
a. Arms Race
b. Nuclear Proliferation
Other Strategic Issues and Challenges
1. Technological Advances and Threats of Cyber Attacks
 Technological Advances and dependency
 Protection of critical infrastructure
 Cyber security threats
2. Climate change and its National Security Risk
 Climate change and global warming
 Environmental degradation
 Disasters and crimes
3. Institutional concerns
 Deterioration of values in the security sector, political system, and bureaucracy
 Welfare and safety of OFWs
 Providing basic services, food, water, housing, education, health and nutrition
and energy.

D. National Security Goals and Strategic objectives

1. Promote Public Safety and Order
2. Safeguard territorial integrity and sovereignty
3. Bolster economic strength and solidarity
4. Protect and preserve ecological balance
5. Promote cultural cohesiveness
6. Promote moral and spiritual consensus
7. Contribute to global peace and harmony
Lesson 4: Peace Education

The Concept of peace varies according to the people who give meaning to it, based on
the work they do and the cultural context they come from. Some of these concepts
are:
1. “Peace is not just the absence of war. It is the wholeness of life where wvery
person can live with dignity” (Mindanao Church Congress, 1996)
2. “The new name of peace is development.” (Pope paul VI, Populorum Progressio)

Peace is not just the absence of war or violence. It is more than just the absence of
war because not always mean peace. Peace, as positively defined, means the
presence of harmony, understanding, tranquility, social justice, respect, and
tolerance -meaning enhancement of life. In other words, it is the general well-being of
the individual. Peace should be viewed a different level:

1. Personal level- Refers to the development of inner harmony or inner integration

characterized by such qualities as self-respect, self-confidence, ability to cope
with negative feelings (fear, anger, insecurity, and shame), and developing
positive attitudes such as cheerfulness and optimism.
2. Interpersonal Level- is manifested by the relationship of an individual with one
another. The Interpersonal level peace can be shown in terms of:
A. Assertiveness-The capacity of the individual to express one’s views or
exercise one’s right without being aggressive (injuring or violating the rights
of others) or submissive (denying one’s own views or rights)
B. Respect-to recognize the worth of others regardless of difference in social
position, culture, origin, ethnic grouping or gender.
C. Concern For others- An awareness and awareness of their needs, feelings
and condition and extending appropriate consideration for such.
D. Cooperation- the capacity and willingness to work with others to achieve a
common goal.
E. Open- Mindedness- the willingness to approach difficult sources of
information, people, and events with a critical but open mind.
F. Humility- The virtue to accept and recognize that others may have the
ability similar or maybe more than you have and that recognition enables
you to accept your own limitations.
3. Social/ National level- Is concerned with addressing issues that affect society
and its social, political and economic components. For example, addressing the
issue of social.
4. Injustice such as land grabbing, forest degradation, water pollution, and others
that have a social impact.
 A. Social responsibility- an awareness of one’s responsibility for the common
welfare and the willingness as well as the readiness to work for it.
B. Interdependence-an awareness of the impact of the decisions and actions of
individuals and groups on one another.
C. Social Justice- Requires an awareness and recognition of the civil, political,
economic, social, and cultural rights, especially of the more marginalized
sectors of society and the willingness to promote and defend them.
5. Global Level- is similar to the social and national level peace, global level peace
is concerned with attaining related issues that have global impact or scale such
issues include among others the issue of unfair trade relations, racial
discrimination, terrorism, militarization, environmental degradation,
xenophobia and others.
A. Respect for the Environment- The value of recognizing the importance of
that resources in the environment as indicated by the act of preserving and
conserving them. Also, the efforts initiated to protect the resources of the
environment.
B. Unity in the oneness of human kind- the value of recognizing the
importance of being one with other humans as the semblance of God’s
power and love. It is a recognition that everyone is as important as the
other.
C. Religious Appreciation- The ability to respect and appreciate the presence
od people with religious beliefs other than his own. This recognition brings
us into realization that we have different ways of expressing our faith but we
have common aspiration to be pleasing to the Creator.
D. Cultural Appreciation- A recognition of the presence of different cultures
and such differences gives us the opportunity to learn from one another.

Understanding Culture of Peace

A culture of peace is achieved when citizens of the world understand
global problems, have the skills to resolve conflicts and struggle for justice non-
violently, live by international standards of human rights and equity,
appreciate cultural diversity, and respect the Earth and each other. Such
learning can only be achieved with systematic education for peace. The culture
of peace must be understood by the message it brings. Let us first discuss the
meaning of culture. Culture is established in a human society composed of the
spiritual aspect consists of language, gestures, symbols, rituals, and styles.
Developing the culture of peace was recognized as the development of creative
lifestyles and practical ways of dealing with conflict that make violence and
oppression obsolete. To promote a culture of peace, it must be systematically
integrated into formal education.
Assessment:
Answer the following questions:
1. What does peace mean to you?
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2. Based on your experience, what are the indicators of peace?

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3. Reflect on the different levels of peace.
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4. Identify and describe an issue that you want to address that you think will
bring you this level of peace.
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5. Describe the process how will you address the issue.
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