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SLCS202 - Logic Design Session 6 - Karnaugh Maps - Part One

This document discusses two expression reduction techniques: algebraic reduction and Karnaugh map reduction. The algebraic reduction technique uses Boolean algebra theorems but can require extensive manipulation. The Karnaugh map technique more easily converts truth tables to minimized sum-of-products expressions using simple grouping rules on a map. It leads to faster, more efficient minimization than algebraic reduction. The document proceeds to explain how to use Karnaugh maps to find the simplest expression with the fewest product terms and literals per term by grouping adjacent minterms without redundancies. Examples of 2, 3, and 4-variable Karnaugh maps are also provided.

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22 views

SLCS202 - Logic Design Session 6 - Karnaugh Maps - Part One

This document discusses two expression reduction techniques: algebraic reduction and Karnaugh map reduction. The algebraic reduction technique uses Boolean algebra theorems but can require extensive manipulation. The Karnaugh map technique more easily converts truth tables to minimized sum-of-products expressions using simple grouping rules on a map. It leads to faster, more efficient minimization than algebraic reduction. The document proceeds to explain how to use Karnaugh maps to find the simplest expression with the fewest product terms and literals per term by grouping adjacent minterms without redundancies. Examples of 2, 3, and 4-variable Karnaugh maps are also provided.

Uploaded by

laptopemail270
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Karnaugh

Maps
Part One
November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 1
Expression Reduction Techniques

 2 reduction techniques:

 Algebraic reduction technique

 Karnaugh Map or K-Map technique

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 2


Algebraic Reduction Technique
Example:

 NO specific rules for this kind of technique.


 Depends on Boolean Algebra Theorems.
 Some times, it takes a lot of manipulation to get to
the most reduced function.
November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 3
Karnaugh Map Concept

 Easy conversion from truth table to K-map to


minimized SOP representation.

 Simple rules (steps) used to perform minimization.

 Leads to minimized SOP representation.

 Much faster and more efficient than previous


minimization techniques with Boolean algebra.

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 4


To find the simplest possible sum-of-products (SOP)
expression from a K-map, you need:

Minimum number of
product terms

Minimum number of
literals per product term

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 5


This is achieved in K-maps using:

bigger groupings of minterms


(prime implicants) where possible

No redundant groupings (look for


essential prime implicants)

Implicant: a product term that could be used to


cover minterms of the function.

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 6


Two cells (or more) are adjacent
if they differ by only one literal.
November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 7
November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 8
2-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 9


2-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 10


2-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 11


3-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 12


3-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 13


3-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 14


3-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 15


November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 16
4-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 17


4-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 18


4-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 19


4-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 20


4-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 21


4-variable Karnaugh Map

November 21, 2023 Digital Logic Design - Adnan Haj 22

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