Unit 3: He's the one in the blue shirt.

A. Listen. Who are the people describing? Number the pictures (1-5). ♫
Lắng nghe. Ai là người đang mô tả? Đánh số các hình (1-5).

5. [03:20]
A. Is it a question or a statement? Listen to the examples. ♫
Example 1: He's the managing director? ↑
Example 2: He's the managing director. ↓
Then listen and circle the correct answer. ♫
1. Question Statement 4. Question Statement
2. Question Statement 5. Question Statement
3. Question Statement 6. Question Statement
6. [04:02]
Listen and circle the answers that are right for you.
1. Yes, I am. No, I'm not. 4. Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
2. Yes, I do. No, I don't. 5. Yes, I do. No, I don't.
3. Yes, it is. No, it isn't. 6. Yes, I am. No, I'm not.

DẠNG COMPARISON
02 (So sánh)
Task: Write new sentences as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentences, using the given words in
brackets. Do not change the given words in any way.
A. Comparative and equal comparison with adjectives. (So sánh hơn và so sánh ngang bằng với tính từ)
1. Her old company is larger than her new one. (LARGE)
____________________________________________________________________.
2. The black dress is more expensive than the red one. (CHEAPER)
____________________________________________________________________.
3. According to me, English is more difficult than Literature. (LESS)
____________________________________________________________________.
4. The Mekong river is longer than the Red river. (NOT)
____________________________________________________________________.
5. Bill is not as tall as David. (SHORTER)
____________________________________________________________________.
6. The film about my village is more interesting than the book. (NOT)
____________________________________________________________________.
7. We are very busy at work today but we are not as busy as that every day. (BUSIER
____________________________________________________________________.)
8. I thought the trip would be interesting, but it wasn’t. (BORING)
____________________________________________________________________.
9. It is much more difficult to speak English than to speak French. (AS)
____________________________________________________________________.
10. Ms. John is not so nice as Ms. Smith. (NICER)
____________________________________________________________________.

B. Comparative and equal comparison with adverbs. (So sánh hơn và so sánh ngang bằng với trạng từ)
1. They understand more than we do. (MUCH)
____________________________________________________________________.
2. I can’t cook as well as my mother does. (BETTER)
____________________________________________________________________.
3. Jane decorated the dish more beautifully than I did. (NOT)
____________________________________________________________________.
4. Jim seems to care less about his health than he should. (MORE)
____________________________________________________________________.
5. Today the Sun shines more brightly than yesterday. (AS)
____________________________________________________________________.
6. I think a computer will be more helpful for you than a smartphone. (HELPFUL)
____________________________________________________________________.
7. I am not an as good tennis player as Henry is. (BETTER)
____________________________________________________________________.
8. He speaks more persuasively than his brother. (AN)
____________________________________________________________________.
9. Non-smokers usually live longer than smokers. (NOT)
____________________________________________________________________.
10. My sister writes more carefully than she did. (USED TO)
____________________________________________________________________.

C. Superlative sentences with adjectives and adverbs. (So sánh nhất với tính từ và trạng từ)
1. This is the best film I’ve seen. (NEVER)
____________________________________________________________________.
2. No one in my class is more intelligent than Lan. (MOST)
____________________________________________________________________.
3. I have never met anyone more interesting than Mr. Hung. (THE)
____________________________________________________________________.
4. No student in my class speaks English as fluently as Phuong does. (FLUENTLY)
____________________________________________________________________.
5. This story is more boring than any other story that I have ever read. (THE)
____________________________________________________________________.
6. Murder is the most serious of all crimes. (NO)
____________________________________________________________________.
7. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. (HIGHER)
____________________________________________________________________.
8. Have you got any more expensive dress than this one? (EXPENSIVE)
____________________________________________________________________.
9. No one in the company works more productively than he does. (MOST)
____________________________________________________________________.
10. She can pronounce English words more correctly than anyone in our class. (THE)
____________________________________________________________________.

D. Comparison with ‘as … as’, ‘the same (…) as’ and ‘different from …’. (So sánh với ‘as … as’, ‘the same (…) as’
và ‘different from …’)
1. My T-shirt is not the same as yours bought yesterday. (DIFFERENT)
____________________________________________________________________.
2. My mother and my aunt are the same weight. (HEAVY)
 ____________________________________________________________________.
3. The white car is much cheaper than the black car. (PRICE)
____________________________________________________________________.
4. This dining table and that one over there are the same size. (BIG)
____________________________________________________________________.
5. My old school has a large yard but my new one doesn’t. (FROM)
____________________________________________________________________.
6. Can Tho bridge is as long as Thang Long bridge. (LENGTH)
____________________________________________________________________.
7. Phuc and Minh are the same height. (AS)
____________________________________________________________________.
8. My daughter is ten years old, so is her daughter. (SAME)
____________________________________________________________________.
9. Life in foreign countries is different from life in home country. (NOT)
____________________________________________________________________.
10. This art museum is not the same as the historical museum. (DEFINITELY)
____________________________________________________________________.

E. Comparison with nouns. (So sánh với danh từ)

1. My class has 45 students but my brother’s class only have 36 students. (MORE)
____________________________________________________________________.
2. My brother has more friends than my sister. (FEWER)
____________________________________________________________________.
3. My father spends more time repairing household appliances than my mother. (MUCH)
____________________________________________________________________.
4. My mother bought more food and drinks than her mother. (LESS)
____________________________________________________________________.
5. Does a mango contain more sugar than an apple? (LESS)
____________________________________________________________________.
6. spend more time watching TV than my younger sister does. (LESS)
____________________________________________________________________.
7. People in developed countries use more money on health care and education than in underdeveloped
countries. (DON’T)
____________________________________________________________________.
8. Are there more health centres in my city now than ten years ago? (FEWER)
____________________________________________________________________.
9. There are more wealthy people in big cities than in the countryside. (FEWER)
____________________________________________________________________.
10. The standards of living in the cities shows more improvements than in rural areas. (MUCH)
____________________________________________________________________.

F. Double comparison with ‘The more …, the more …’. (So sánh kép với ‘The more …, the more …’)
1. Success depends on hard work. (HARDER)
____________________________________________________________________.
2. My sister works better when she is pressed for time. (LESS)
____________________________________________________________________.
3. His interest in the game increased with his proficiency. (MORE)
____________________________________________________________________.
4. When you get near to the Equator, the temperature becomes high. (NEARER)
____________________________________________________________________.
5. The value of a picture depends on how famous the artist is. (VALUABLE)
____________________________________________________________________.
6. If you stay in Vietnam for a long time, your Vietnamese will be very good. (BETTER)
____________________________________________________________________.
7. As the streets become busier, they will be more and more dangerous for commuters. (MORE)
____________________________________________________________________.
8. The development in the economy makes people’s living condition better. (MORE)
____________________________________________________________________.
9. The development in the economy makes people’s living condition better. (MORE)
____________________________________________________________________.
10. The children are excited with the difficult games. (EXCITED)
____________________________________________________________________.

TOPIC: HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

VOCABULARY
1. acupuncture /ˈækjupʌŋktʃə(r)/ (n): châm cứu 13. frown /fraʊn/ (v): cau mày
2. ailment /ˈeɪlmənt/ (n): bệnh tật 14. grain /ɡreɪn/ (n): ngũ cốc
3. allergy /ˈælədʒi/ (n): dị ứng 15. heal /hiːl/ (v): hàn gắn, chữa (bệnh)
4. boost /buːst/ (v): đẩy mạnh 16. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ (v): truyền cảm hứng
5. cancer /ˈkænsə(r)/ (n): ung thư 17. intestine /ɪnˈtestɪn/ (n): ruột
6. circulatory /ˌsɜːkjəˈleɪtəri/ (a): thuộc về tuần hoàn 18. lung /lʌŋ/ (n): phổi
7. complicated /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/ (a): phức tạp 19. muscle /ˈmʌsl/ (n): cơ bắp
8. compound /ˈkɒmpaʊnd/ (n): hợp chất 20. needle /ˈniːdl/ (n): cây kim
9. consume /kənˈsjuːm/ (v): tiêu thụ, dùng 21. nerve /nɜːv/ (n): dây thần kinh
10. digestive /daɪˈdʒestɪv/ (a): (thuộc) tiêu hóa 22. oxygenate /ˈɒksɪdʒəneɪt/ (v): cấp ô-xy
11. disease /dɪˈziːz/ (n): bệnh 23. poultry /ˈpəʊltri/ (n): gia cầm
12. evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ (n): bằng chứng 24. respiratory /rəˈspɪrətri/ (a): (thuộc) hô hấp
PRACTISE :
I. Decide these words into the correct column.
blood breath skull bone
heart brain lung stomach
digestive air pump muscle
spine nerve vessel
circulatory system digestive system respiratory system skeletal system nervous system

II. Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct tense (the future simple ‘will’ or ‘going to’ future).
1. John: Did you remember to bring that book I lent you? - Paul: Oh, sorry, I forgot again. I (bring)
………………………… it tomorrow.
2. Sally: Do you know what to buy your sister for her birthday? - Tom: Yes. I (buy) ………………………… her a book
on gardening.
3. I don’t feel like going out this evening. I (stay) ………………………… at home and watch TV.
4. Elizabeth: There’s someone at the door. - Mark: I (go) ………………………… and see who it is.
5. David: Do you know that Mark (open) ………………………… a shop in the center of town? - Linda: Really? What
type of shop?
6. I’ve decided that I (look) ………………………… for a new job.
7. The train is faster than the bus. - OK, I (take) ………………………… the train.
8. There’s a big traffic jam on the motorway to the stadium. - OK, I (go) ………………………… another way.
9. Do you know what to buy your dad for his birthday? - Yes, I (buy) ………………………… a watch.
10. Did you bring my books? - Sorry, I forgot. I (bring) ………………………… them tomorrow.
11. There’s someone at the door. - OK, I (open) ………………………… it.
12. My wife and I (start) ………………………… a new business. We’re planning to open an antiques shop.
READING
I. Read the passage and do the tasks bellow.
Most people relate stress to physical symptoms like an upset stomach or headaches. Research has suggested that
negative emotions and thoughts may also have close links to our brain. Researchers have started finding out why we
tend to remember negative things more strongly and in more detail than good ones. “The hrain handles positive and
negative information in different parts. Negative emotions involve more thinking, and the information is processed more
thoroughly. Thus, we tend to ruminate more about unpleasant events and use stronger words to describe them than
happy ones," said Clifford Nass, a professor at Stanford University.
 Rick Hanson also shares the idea that our minds naturally focus on the bad and discard the good. He stated,
"negative stimuli produce more neural activity than do equally intense positive ones. They are also perceived more
easily and quickly." This was obtained from his little experiment in which twenty people were asked to look at pictures
showing anger or happiness. The participants could identify angry faces faster than happy ones even if it was so quickly.
In a journal article Baumeister co-authored in 2001, "Bad is Stronger Than Good", he concluded, "bad
emotions, bad parents and bad feedback have more impact than good ones." This is "a basic and wide-ranging principle
of psychology". Thus, Baumeister and his colleagues noted that bad incidents, such as losing your dreamy job and
breaking up with your girlfriend or boyfriend, may have a greater impact than landing a job or receiving a marriage
proposal.
Part 1. Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences.
1. People have generally related stress to ____.
A. physical symptoms B. brain damage C. ruined relationships with other people
2. Positive events ____ to perceive than/as negative ones.
A. less time B. more time C. the same amount of time
3. Positive things ____.
A. do not produce neural activity B. produce more neural activity than negative ones
C. produce less neural activity than negative ones
4. The best title for the above text is ____.
A. Stress makes us tired B. People try to forget bad events.
C. Bad events have stronger impacts than good ones
Part 2. Decide whether the following statements are True (T), False (F) or Not Given (NG).
T F NG
1. Positive emotions are easier to be forgotten than negative ones.
2. All information is processed in the same part of the brain.
3. The more we try to forget a bad event, the more we think about it.
4. Positive thoughts protect us from stress.
5. It's a wide-ranging rule that bad events have more influence on us than good ones.
Part 3. Choose A, B or C to answer the following questions. Which person ...?
1. ____ did an experiment with a small group of people.
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
2. ____ mentions that we use stronger words to speak about unpleasant events.
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
3. ____ gives specific examples of unhappy events.
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
4. ____ co-authored to publish a journal article
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
II. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank.
A lot of people like to play their records as loudly as possible. The (1) ____ is that the rest of the family and the
neighbors often complain (2) ____ don't like the music. One (3) ____ to this problem is to wear headphones, but
headphones are usually uncomfortable.
An arm-chair which has a record-player built into it has just been(4) ____ by a British engineer, Stephen Court.
The armchair looks like an ordinary armchair with high back. However, each of the two sides of the chair has
three loudspeakers inside to reproduce middle and high sounds. Low sounds are reproduced by a pair of loudspeakers in
a hollow (5) ____ under the seat. Anyone who sits in the chair hears sounds coming from all around his/her head.
Because we cannot tell the exact (6) ____ from which low sounds come, it doesn't (7) ____ that they come from
underneath or behind. It is the higher sounds coming from the sides of the chair that create a stereo effect.
These sounds travel only a few inches to reach the listener's ears. (8) ____, it takes only a little power to make
the music sound very loud. Only a small amount of sound leaks out from behind the chair into the room to (9) ____
others. Most of the sound is (10) ____ by the listeners.
1. A. conclusion B. impact C. sequence D. result
2. A. if B. for C. lest D. since
3. A. way B. answer C. conclusion D. settlement
4. A. drawn B. discovered C. imagined D. designed
5. A. hole B. set C. location D. space
6. A. destination B. reason C. source D. departure
7. A. care B. make sense C. matter D. mean
8. A. Surprisingly B. Strangely C. Consequently D. Eventually
9. A. disappoint B. dismiss C. deter D. disturb
10. A. integrated B. absorbed C. admitted D. accommodated
III. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. She put ____ speaking to him as long as possible.
A. off B. over C. away D. back
2. She ____ her neighbour's children for the broken window.
A. accused B. complained C. blamed D. denied
3. ____ Internet can be used as ____ means of education and communication.
A. An - a B. The - a C. The - the D. Ø - a
4. She is traveling to work by bus today because her car is being ____.
A. stopped B. broken C. serviced D. rented
5. Tony's boss doesn't want him to ____ a habit of using the office phone for his personal calls.
A. make B. do C. have D. increase
6. My parents were so disappointed when I ____ college.
A. got out of B. fell out of C. dropped out of D. moved out of
7. The noisy children ____ my nerves. I wish they'd quiet down!
A. get out of B. get in C. get into D. get on
8. On the table ____.
A. the disks lay B. did the disks lie C. lay the disks D. lied the disks
9. She wondered ____ her father looked like now after so many years away.
A. how B. whose C. that D. what
10. The company was finally safe ____ bankruptcy.
A. with B. by C. from D. in
11. All the boys are good at cooking, but ____ is as good as the girls.
A. either B. none C. neither D. every
12. The bank is reported in the local newspapers ____ in the broad daylight.
A. to be robbed B. robbed C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed
13. Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages over ____ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool, or silk.
A. that B. the one C. what D. which
14. The government would be forced to use its emergency powers ____ further rioting to occur.
A. should B. did C. were D. had
15. _____we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A. For now B. Now that C. Ever since D. By now
16. Go on. Tell me the gossips. I'm all ____.
A. full B. head C. eyes D. ears
17. If only motorists ____ drive more carefully.
A. might B. shall C. would D. should
18. He lost control of his temper and ____ his anger.
A. lost sight of B. took note of C. made room for D. gave way to
19. Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the ____ that the matter was confidential.
A. reason B. excuses C. grounds D. foundations
20. ____ at his lessons, he couldn't catch up with his classmates.
A. Hardly as he worked B. Hard as he worked C. Hard as he does D. Hard as he was
21. ____ is more interested in rhythm than in melody is apparent from his compositions.
A. That Philip Glass B. Philip Glass, who C. Philip Glass D. Because Philip Glass
22. ____ invisible to the unaided eye, ultraviolet light can be detected in a number of ways.
A. Although is B. Despite C. Even though it D. Although
23. In fact, the criminals ____ in because the front door was wide open and they just walked in.
A. needn't have broken B. shouldn't have break
C. didn't need to break D. couldn't have broken
24. Nam: In my opinion, computer is one of the most wonderful inventions. Lan: ____.
A. There is no doubt about it. B. Yes. Congratulations!
C. You shouldn't have said that D. Pardon?
25. Nga: Would you mind if I closed the door? It's too cold outside. Lan: ____.
A. I'd rather you didn't. It's stuffy. B. No, I don't like. C. No, never mind. D. Why not do it?
Task: Write new sentences as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentences, using the given words in
brackets. Do not change the given words in any way.
(Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi, sử dụng từ được gợi ý trong ngoặc và không làm thay đổi dạng của từ).
A. Comparative and equal comparison with adjectives. (So sánh hơn và so sánh ngang bằng với tính từ)
1. Her new company is not as/ so large as her old one.
2. The red dress is cheaper than the black dress.
3. According to me, Literature is less difficult than English.
4. The Red river is not as/so long as the Mekong river.
5. Bill is shorter than David.
6. The book about my village is not so/as interesting as the film.
7. Today we are busier at work than every day.
8. The trip was more boring than I thought.
9. Speaking French is not as difficult as. speaking English.
10. Ms. Smith is nicer than Ms. John.

B. Comparative and equal comparison with adverbs. (So sánh hơn và so sánh ngang bằng với trạng từ)
1. We do not understand as much as they do.
2. My mother can cook/ cooks better than I can/ do.
3. didn’t decorate the dish as beautifully as Jane did.
4. Jim should care more about his health than he does.
5. Yesterday the Sun didn’t shine as brightly as today.
6. think a smartphone won’t be as helpful for you as a computer.
7. Henry plays tennis better than I do.
8. His brother is not an as persuasive person as he is.
9. Smokers doesn’t usually live as long as non-smokers do.
10. My sister didn’t use to write as carefully as she does now.

C. Superlative sentences with adjectives and adverbs. (So sánh nhất với tính từ và trạng từ)
1. I have never seen such a good film before.
2. Lan is the most intelligent student in my class.
3. Mr. Hung is the most interesting person I have ever met.
4. Phuong speaks English the most fluently in my class
5. This is the most boring story that I have ever read.
6. No crime is more serious than murder.
7. No mountain in the world is higher than Mount Everest.
8. Is this the most expensive dress (that) you have ever got?
9. He is the person/ staff working the most productively in the company. / He is the most productive
person/ staff (working) in the company.
10. She is the student pronouncing English words the most correctly in our class.

D. Comparison with ‘as … as’, ‘the same (…) as’ and ‘different from …’. (So sánh với ‘as … as’, ‘the same (…) as’
và ‘different from …’)
1. My T-shirt is different from yours bought yesterday.
2. My mother is as heavy as my aunt.
3. The price of the white car is different from that of the black car. / The white car and the black one don’t
have the same price.
4. This dining table is as big as that one over there.
5. My old school is different from my new one.
6. Can Tho bridge and Thang Long bridge are the same length.
7. Phuc is as tall as Minh.
8. My daughter and her daughter are the same age.
9. Life in foreign countries is not the same as life in home country. / Life in foreign countries and life in
home country are not the same.
10. This art museum is definitely different from the historical museum.

E. Comparison with nouns. (So sánh với danh từ)

1. My class has more students than my brother’s one does.
2. My sister has fewer friends than my brother does.
3. My mother doesn’t spend as much time repairing household appliances as my father does.
4. Her mother bought less food and drinks than my mother did.
5. Does an apple contain less sugar than a mango?
6. My younger sister spends less time (on) watching TV than I do.
7. People in underdeveloped countries don’t use so much money on health care and education as in
developed countries.
8. Were there fewer health centres in my city ten years ago than now?
9. There are fewer wealthy people in the countryside than in big cities.
10. The standards of living in rural areas doesn’t show as much improvement than in the cities.

F. Double comparison with ‘The more …, the more …’. (So sánh kép với ‘The more …, the more …’)
1. The harder you work, the more successful you are.
2. The less time she has, the better she works.
3. The more proficient he is, the more interested he is in the game.
4. The nearer you get to the Equator, the higher the temperature becomes.
5. The more famous the artist is, the more valuable a picture is.
6. The longer you stay in Vietnam, the better your Vietnamese will be.
7. The busier the streets become, the more dangerous they will be.
8. The more developed the economy is, the better people’s living condition is.
9. The more difficult the games are, the more excited the children are.
10. The farther people travel, the more things they accumulate.

Unit 3: He's the one in the blue shirt.

A. Listen. Who are the people describing? Number the pictures (1-5). ♫
Lắng nghe. Ai là người đang mô tả? Đánh số các hình (1-5).

5. [03:20]
A. Is it a question or a statement? Listen to the examples. ♫
Đây là một câu hỏi hay là một phát biểu? Lắng nghe các ví dụ.
Example 1: He's the managing director? ↑
Example 2: He's the managing director. ↓
Then listen and circle the correct answer. ♫
Sau đó hãy lắng nghe và khoanh tròn câu đúng.
1. Question Statement 4. Question Statement
2. Question Statement 5. Question Statement
3. Question Statement 6. Question Statement
6. [04:02]
Listen and circle the answers that are right for you.
Lắng nghe và khoanh tròn những câu trả lời nào đúng đối với bạn.
1. Yes, I am. No, I'm not. 4. Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
2. Yes, I do. No, I don't. 5. Yes, I do. No, I don't.
3. Yes, it is. No, it isn't. 6. Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
4. Tapescript: ♫ [02:22]
1. W: Is that your dad?
M: Who do you mean?
W: You know, the short, middle-aged man with the brown hair and the yellow shirt, next to your mother.
M: Uh, no. That's her brother.
2. W: Don't you know her?
M: I'm not sure. What does she look like?
W: Well, she's tall with blonde hair and blue eyes.
M: Is she older than you?
 W: No, she's two years younger than me.
3. M: Hey, who's that girl with the long, brown hair?
W: Long brown hair...? Oh, that's Susan.
M: Hmm... Does she have a boyfriend?
W: No, not right now. You want to meet her?
4. W: That's my mom over there, the one with the short, gray hair.
M: Oh, is your father here, too?
W: No, he isn't.
5. W: Is that Tony, the one with the short, black hair?
M: Yeah. That's him.
W: He looks just like you.
M: Yeah, when we were young, everybody thought we were twins.
5.Tapescript: ♫
1. He's from Singapore? Anh ấy đến từ Singapore à?
2. She has blue eyes? Cô ấy có mắt xanh hả?
3. He's from San Francisco. Anh ấy đến từ San Francisco.
4. He has brown eyes. Anh ta có mắt nâu.
5. They work for the same company? Họ làm việc cho cùng công ty à?
6. They're sisters.
6.Tapescript: ♫
1. Are you tall? Bạn có cao không?
2. Do you have long hair? Bạn có tóc dài không?
3. Is your hair blonde? Tóc bạn có vàng không?
4. Are you wearing glasses? Bạn có đeo kính không?
5. Do you have brown eyes? Mắt bạn có nâu không?
6. Are you growing a beard? Bạn có để râu không?
 Comparisons(So sánh)
Trong tiếng Anh, câu so sánh (Comparisons) là cấu
trúc dùng để so sánh giữa 2 hay nhiều người hoặc sự
vật, sự việc ở một khía cạnh cụ thể nào đó. 3 dạng so
sánh trong tiếng Anh bao gồm: so sánh bằng, so
sánh hơn và so sánh nhất.
I. Trạng từ và tính từ trong so sánh tiếng Anh

1. Tính từ/trạng từ ngắn là

những từ chỉ có một âm tiết hoặc
hai âm tiết nhưng kết thúc
bằng –y, –le, –ow, –re, –te.
Bên cạnh đó, tính từ dài là những từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên.

Ví dụ:

Tính từ ngắn: Short, good, bad, hot,…

Happy/ lazy/ crazy/ narrow/ simple....
(trừ những từ kết thúc bằng
“ly” :friendly/ quickly/ slowly.....)
2. Tính từ/trạng từ dài:
 - 2 âm tiết trở lên (trừ các từ kết
thúc bằng: y/ ow/le/ er, –et)

Tính từ dài: Intelligent, beautiful,…

 Trạng từ ngắn là những từ chỉ có một âm tiết. Trong khi đó, trạng từ dài sẽ có hai âm tiết trở lên.

Ví dụ:

Trạng từ ngắn: Hard, right, far,…

Trạng từ dài: Quickly, kindly,…

II. Cấu trúc câu so sánh

2.So sánh hơn : so sánh giữa 2
đối tượng/ 2 nhóm đối tượng
EX: A hơn B/ nhóm A hơn
nhóm B
a. So sánh hơn với tính từ/trạng từ ngắn:

S + V + (Adj/Adv) + “-er” + than

Quy tắc thêm er:
+ nếu tính từ, trạng từ chỉ có 1 nguyên âm
duy nhất (u, e, o, a,i), sau nó là 1 phụ âm duy
nhất, ta gấp đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm “er”
EX: hot -> hotter/ big-> bigger
+ nếu từ kết thúc = “e”-> chỉ cần thêm “r”
EX: nice -> nicer/ quiet-> quieter
+ Nếu từ có 2 âm tiết, kết thúc = “Y”-> đổi
y=i+er
Happy -> happier/ easy-> easier

Ví dụ so sánh hơn với tính từ/trạng từ một âm tiết:

Today is hotter than yesterday.

Tom came later than Mary.
She learns Mathematics better than her brother.

b. So sánh hơn với tính từ/trạng từ dài:

S + V + more + Adj/Adv + than
Ví dụ so sánh hơn với tính từ/trạng từ hai âm tiết:

This sofa is more comfortable than that one.

She drives more carefully than I do.

This hat is more beautiful than that one.

Lưu ý: -Trong cấu trúc so sánh hơn, có thể

thêm far/ a lot hoặc much trước cụm từ so
sánh nhằm nhấn mạnh ý bạn muốn đề
cập(hơn nhiều).
EX: She is(much/far) taller than me/ I am.
Ví dụ: Ann’s cell phone is much/far/ a lot more
expensive than mine/ my phone.
_ lưu ý đại từ sở hữu: mine/ yours/
ours/theirs/hers/ his/ its = tt sở hữu(my/ your/our
their/ his/ her/ its) + N
1. Cấu trúc câu so sánh bằng
So sánh bằng trong tiếng Anh là gì? Với cấu trúc so sánh bằng, chúng ta sử dụng trong trường hợp muốn so sánh chủ thể

này bằng chủ thể còn lại.

a. Cấu trúc so sánh bằng với tính từ/trạng từ

Cấu trúc viết lại câu so sánh bằng:

S + V + as + (adj/ adv) + as
  S + not + V + so + Adj/adv + as
Ví dụ về so sánh bằng với tính từ/trạng từ trong tiếng Anh:

She isn’t as/so tall as me/ I am.

This landscape is as beautiful as a picture.

This shoe is as expensive as yours.

b. Cấu trúc so sánh bằng với danh từ

S + V + the same + (noun) + as

Ví dụ về so sánh bằng với danh từ trong tiếng Anh:

John has the same height as Jim.= John is as tall

as Jim.
Her home is the same way as mine.

3. Cấu trúc câu so sánh nhất

Đây là cấu trúc dùng để so sánh một chủ thể nào đó hơn tất cả những cái còn lại.

a. Cấu trúc so sánh nhất với tính từ/trạng từ ngắn

S + V + the + Adj/Adv + -est + in/on/of ......

Nam is the tallest(student) in our
class.
Anne is the youngest person in my office.

This is the highest building in our city.

Lưu ý: Nếu muốn nhấn mạnh tính từ khi sử dụng

cấu trúc so sánh nhất, có thể thêm very trước tính
từ.
Ví dụ: Our company implement/ adopt/ applys the very latest
agricultural techniques.

b. Cấu trúc so sánh nhất với tính từ/trạng từ dài

S + V + the + most + Adj/Adv + in/on/of ....
Ví dụ về so sánh nhất của trạng từ/tính từ hai âm tiết trở lên:

This movie is the most boring film I’ve ever watched.

She is the most beautiful person I’ve met.

Nam is the most intelligent student in my class.

Of the two questions, the second one was more difficult.

Trong số 2 câu hỏi, câu thứ hai khó hơn / khó nhất.

Of the three questions, the second one was the most difficult.
Trong số 3 câu hỏi, câu thứ hai khó nhất.

Các dạng so sánh đặc biệt trong tiếng Anh

So sánh bội số (so sánh gấp nhiều lần) trong tiếng Anh

So sánh bội số hay còn gọi là so sánh gấp rưỡi, gấp đôi, gấp ba. Công thức của loại so sánh này như sau:

S + V + bội số + as + much/many/adj/adv + (N) + as + N/pronoun

Chú ý:

 Khi sử dụng so sánh bội, phải xác định danh từ đếm được hay không đếm được để sử dụng “much” hay
“money”.
 Sử dụng Twice = two times, có nghĩa là gấp 2 lần.

Ví dụ: Gasoline prices this year are twice as high as last year

So sánh kép (càng – càng) trong tiếng Anh

The + So sánh hơn + S + V + The + So sánh hơn + S + V

Ví dụ: The harder you study, the better your exam results

The more careful you are, the less mistakes you make

Một số trạng từ và tính từ đặc biệt trong câu so sánh

Khi sử dụng cấu trúc so sánh trong tiếng Anh, bạn cần phân biệt tính từ/trạng từ ngắn hoặc dài để áp dụng cấu trúc cho

chính xác, có như vậy, bạn mới có thể học tốt tiếng Anh giao tiếp. Một số trường hợp đặc biệt cần chú ý gồm:

 Một số tính từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng tận cùng bằng đuôi -er, -le, -ow, -et sẽ được xem như tính từ ngắn
(hay tính từ có 1 âm tiết).

Ví dụ: Clever → cleverer → the cleverest

Simple → simpler → the simplest

Narrow → narrower → the narrowest

Quite → quieter → the quietest

 Những trạng từ có 2 âm tiết tận cùng bằng -y sẽ được chuyển thành -i rồi thêm đuôi -er hoặc -est.

Ví dụ: Dirty → dirtier → the dirtiest

Easy → easier → the easiest

Happy → happier → the happiest

Pretty → prettier → the prettiest

 Với những trạng từ có hai âm tiết tận cùng bằng đuôi -ly, cần giữ nguyên và thêm more hoặc most
trong cấu trúc so sánh.

Ví dụ: Quickly → more quickly → the most quickly

Likely → more likely → the most likely

 Với những tính từ ngắn, nếu đứng trước phụ âm cuối là một nguyên âm cần gấp đôi phụ âm cuối rồi
mới thêm -er hoặc -est.

Ví dụ: Big → bigger → biggest

Sad → sadder → saddest.

Bên cạnh những quy tắc trên, bạn cũng cần ghi nhớ một số tính từ và trạng từ có dạng so sánh hơn và so sánh nhất không theo

quy tắc thông thường. Cụ thể, bạn cần phải học thuộc những trường hợp dưới đây để sử dụng cho chính xác.

So sánh hơn So sánh nhất

Good/well better The best

Bad/badly worse The worst

Many/much more The most

 little less The least

far Father The farthest

Further The furthest

Những lỗi sai thường gặp khi sử dụng câu so sánh trong tiếng Anh

Trong quá trình sử dụng các dạng câu so sánh, bạn nên chú ý những lỗi sai phổ biến sau:

 Nhầm lẫn giữa so sánh hơn và so sánh nhất: Khá nhiều người nhầm lẫn khi sử dụng hai cấu trúc
này. Bạn chỉ cần chú ý răng so sánh hơn được sử dụng giữa 2 chủ thể. Trong khi đó so sánh nhất
sẽ áp dụng khi có 3 chủ thể trở lên.

Ví dụ: Marvin is wiser than Tom.

Solomon was the wisest man of all.

 So sánh khập khiễng: Khi sử dụng câu so sánh, bạn cần sử dụng hai chủ thể cùng loại.

Ví dụ: Sai: This coffee is better than the shop on Main Street.

Đúng: This coffee is better than the coffee in the shop on Main Street.

 Thiếu other, else khi so sánh một cá thể với phần còn lại của tập thể, nhóm.

Ví dụ: Sai: Greg was more trustworthy than any student in class.

Đúng: Greg was more trustworthy than any other student in class.

 Nhầm lẫn giữa fewer và less: fewer dùng cho danh từ đếm được, less dùng cho danh từ không
đếm được.

Ví dụ: Aunt Martha has less patience than uncle Henry.

Aunt Martha has fewer jokes than uncle Henry.

II. VOCABULARY
1. Decide these words into the correct column.
circulatory system digestive system respiratory system skeletal system nervous system
blood stomach Breath Skull brain
heart digestive lung bone nerve
pump air spine
vessel muscle
Part 1. Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences.
1. People have generally related stress to ____.
A. physical symptoms B. brain damage C. ruined relationships with other people
2. Positive events ____ to perceive than/as negative ones.
A. less time B. more time C. the same amount of time
3. Positive things ____.
A. do not produce neural activity
B. produce more neural activity than negative ones
C. produce less neural activity than negative ones
4. The best title for the above text is ____.
A. Stress makes us tired
B. People try to forget bad events.
C. Bad events have stronger impacts than good ones
Part 2. Decide whether the following statements are True (T), False (F) or Not Given (NG).
T F NG
1. Positive emotions are easier to be forgotten than negative ones.
2. All information is processed in the same part of the brain.
3. The more we try to forget a bad event, the more we think about it.
4. Positive thoughts protect us from stress.
5. It's a wide-ranging rule that bad events have more influence on us than good
ones.
Part 3. Choose A, B or C to answer the following questions. Which person ...?
1. ____ did an experiment with a small group of people.
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
2. ____ mentions that we use stronger words to speak about unpleasant events.
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
3. ____ gives specific examples of unhappy events.
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
4. ____ co-authored to publish a journal article
A. Clifford Nass B. Rick Hanson C. Baumeister
II. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank.
A lot of people like to play their records as loudly as possible. The (1) ____ is that the rest of the family and the
neighbors often complain (2) ____ don't like the music. One (3) ____ to this problem is to wear headphones, but
headphones are usually uncomfortable.
An arm-chair which has a record-player built into it has just been(4) ____ by a British engineer, Stephen Court.
The armchair looks like an ordinary armchair with high back. However, each of the two sides of the chair has
three loudspeakers inside to reproduce middle and high sounds. Low sounds are reproduced by a pair of loudspeakers in
a hollow (5) ____ under the seat. Anyone who sits in the chair hears sounds coming from all around his/her head.
Because we cannot tell the exact (6) ____ from which low sounds come, it doesn't (7) ____ that they come from
underneath or behind. It is the higher sounds coming from the sides of the chair that create a stereo effect.
These sounds travel only a few inches to reach the listener's ears. (8) ____, it takes only a little power to make
the music sound very loud. Only a small amount of sound leaks out from behind the chair into the room to (9) ____
others. Most of the sound is (10) ____ by the listeners.
1. A. conclusion B. impact C. sequence D. result
2. A. if B. for C. lest D. since
3. A. way B. answer C. conclusion D. settlement
4. A. drawn B. discovered C. imagined D. designed
5. A. hole B. set C. location D. space
6. A. destination B. reason C. source D. departure
7. A. care B. make sense C. matter D. mean
8. A. Surprisingly B. Strangely C. Consequently D. Eventually
9. A. disappoint B. dismiss C. deter D. disturb
10. A. integrated B. absorbed C. admitted D. accommodated
B. LEXICO-GRAMMAR
I. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. She put ____ speaking to him as long as possible.
A. off B. over C. away D. back
2. She ____ her neighbour's children for the broken window.
A. accused B. complained C. blamed D. denied
3. ____ Internet can be used as ____ means of education and communication.
A. An - a B. The - a C. The - the D. Ø - a
4. She is traveling to work by bus today because her car is being ____.
A. stopped B. broken C. serviced D. rented
5. Tony's boss doesn't want him to ____ a habit of using the office phone for his personal calls.
A. make B. do C. have D. increase
6. My parents were so disappointed when I ____ college.
A. got out of B. fell out of C. dropped out of D. moved out of
7. The noisy children ____ my nerves. I wish they'd quiet down!
A. get out of B. get in C. get into D. get on
8. On the table ____.
A. the disks lay B. did the disks lie C. lay the disks D. lied the disks
9. She wondered ____ her father looked like now after so many years away.
A. how B. whose C. that D. what
10. The company was finally safe ____ bankruptcy.
A. with B. by C. from D. in
11. All the boys are good at cooking, but ____ is as good as the girls.
A. either B. none C. neither D. every
12. The bank is reported in the local newspapers ____ in the broad daylight.
A. to be robbed B. robbed C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed
13. Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages over ____ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool, or silk.
A. that B. the one C. what D. which
14. The government would be forced to use its emergency powers ____ further rioting to occur.
 A. should B. did C. were D. had
15. _____we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A. For now B. Now that C. Ever since D. By now
16. Go on. Tell me the gossips. I'm all ____.
A. full B. head C. eyes D. ears
17. If only motorists ____ drive more carefully.
A. might B. shall C. would D. should
18. He lost control of his temper and ____ his anger.
A. lost sight of B. took note of C. made room for D. gave way to
19. Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the ____ that the matter was confidential.
A. reason B. excuses C. grounds D. foundations
20. ____ at his lessons, he couldn't catch up with his classmates.
A. Hardly as he worked B. Hard as he worked C. Hard as he does D. Hard as he was
21. ____ is more interested in rhythm than in melody is apparent from his compositions.
A. That Philip Glass B. Philip Glass, who C. Philip Glass D. Because Philip Glass
22. ____ invisible to the unaided eye, ultraviolet light can be detected in a number of ways.
A. Although is B. Despite C. Even though it D. Although
23. In fact, the criminals ____ in because the front door was wide open and they just walked in.
A. needn't have broken B. shouldn't have break
C. didn't need to break D. couldn't have broken
24. Nam: In my opinion, computer is one of the most wonderful inventions.
Lan: ____.
A. There is no doubt about it. B. Yes. Congratulations!
C. You shouldn't have said that D. Pardon?
25. Nga: Would you mind if I closed the door? It's too cold outside.
Lan: ____.
A. I'd rather you didn't. It's stuffy. B. No, I don't like. C. No, never mind. D. Why not do it?