Learning Competency

Apply scientific attitudes in

designing simple science
investigation

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Attitude
(noun) a settled way of thinking or feeling about
someone or something, typically one that is
reflected in a person's behavior.

Research I
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 Scientific Attitude
is an important aspect of a personality of
someone who wants to be successful in the
field of science

Research I
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 Scientific Attitude
Scientists all over the world are usually driven to uncover
more of life’s mysteries through careful observations,
experimentation, and sound analysis. They base their
preliminary processes on models or ideas, some of which
are products of accidental discoveries. A valid and
systematic method of investigation is the result of
alertness, curiosity, and persistence of the scientific mind.

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 What are some
examples of
Scientific
Attitudes
scientific
attitudes?

curiosity Intellectual
honesty
Open-
mindedness skepticism

objectivity perseverance
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 curiosity
is an ability to
wonder
or ask questions to
know what a particular
thing is all about, what it
is for, the reason for
something and how it is
done.

Research I
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 curiosity
A scientist shows interest and pays
particular attentions to objects or events.
He asks questions and seeks answers.

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Research I
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 Galileo’s curiosity about the Benjamin Franklin was curious
heavens led him to construct a about the nature of lightning.
better telescope.
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 “Be less curious about
people and more
curious about ideas.”
– Marie Curie

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 Intellectual
honesty
is an attitude where
one should be
truthful in
gathering data
during experiments
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 Intellectual
honesty
A scientist gives a truthful
report of observations.
He does not withhold
important information
just to please himself or
others
Research I
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 Why is it
important to
develop
intellectual
honesty in
science?

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Research I
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 How to demonstrate intellectual honesty:
Intellectual honesty can be demonstrated in several ways
including:

1. One’s personal beliefs or politics do not interfere with the

pursuit of truth ;

2. Relevant facts and information are not purposefully omitted

even when such things may contradict one’s hypothesis;

3. Facts are presented in an unbiased manner, and not twisted

to give misleading impressions or to support one view over
another;

4. References, or earlier work, are acknowledged where

possible, and plagiarism is avoided.
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Ethics in reporting data and using other references
Strive for honesty in all
scientific communications.

Honestly report data, results,

methods and procedures, and
publication status.

Do not fabricate, falsify, or

misrepresent data.

Do not deceive colleagues,

research sponsors, or the
public.
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
Research I
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 Open-mindedness
the acceptance of ideas
from others and
considers these ideas as
potentials that can help
in doing any work

Research I
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 Open-mindedness
A scientist listens to and respects
the ideas of others. He accepts
criticism and changes his mind if
reliable evidence contradicts his
believes.

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Research I
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Research I
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 An open-minded scientist should be
able to modify plans if necessary or
discard a belief that has not enough
scientific basis. If he/she can do these,
then he believes in the tentativeness of
scientific knowledge. It should be
because science keeps on improving
or changing as more information is
gathered.

Research I
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Research I
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 Characteristics of Open-Minded People
In general, open-minded people tend to:

1. Be curious to hear what others think

2. Be able to have their ideas challenged
3. Not feel angry when they are wrong
4. Have empathy for other people
5. Consider what other people are thinking
6. Be humble about their own knowledge and expertise
7. Want to hear what other people have to say
8. Believe others have a right to share their beliefs and
thoughts

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Research I
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 Importance of developing open- mindedness in science:
Students who are more open-
minded tend to gain more increase
in cultural skills from their overseas
study experiences. A possible
intercultural explanation is that the open-
mindedness trait leads to the high
understanding quality of culture-related
experiences. Open-minded students
are likely to be active to immerse in
the local culture, willing to learn
from their peers’ behaviours, and
keen to embrace novel challenges.

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Importance of developing open- mindedness in science:
A scientist with an open mind
is free to follow the flow of
creative insight. Scientists use
thinking processes that require
adaptability to
the ability to think in science and
uncommon ways. An open technology
mind allows the scientist to
make breakthroughs and advances
discover new worlds through
innovating thinking.

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 https://www.verywellmind.com/be-more-open-minded-4690673

How to be open-minded?

1. Fight Confirmation Bias

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 https://www.verywellmind.com/be-more-open-minded-4690673

How to be open-minded?

Confirmation
Bias
-is the tendency to
seek out and prefer
information that
supports our
preexisting beliefs.

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 https://www.verywellmind.com/be-more-open-minded-4690673

How to be open-minded?
2. Ask Questions

3. Give it Time

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 https://www.verywellmind.com/be-more-open-minded-4690673

How to be open-minded?

4. Practice Humility

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
Research I
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 Which scientific attitude is being shown if a
person does not forget to give credits to the
references he/she used in his/her research
paper?

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Which scientific attitude is being shown if a
person does not forget to give credits to the
references he/she used in his/her research
paper?

Research I
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 Which refers to impartial weighing of
information coming from other people?

Research I
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 Which refers to impartial weighing of
information coming from other people?

Research I
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 Which motivates people to increase their
understanding of the world?

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Which motivates people to increase their
understanding of the world?

Research I
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 Which of the following is not being done by an
intellectually honest person?

Research I
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 Which of the following is not being done by an
intellectually honest person?

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 is the act of
suspending judgment
when evaluating an
explanation or claims

opposite of jumping to
conclusions
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 is based upon evidence-
based logic and
standards

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 It is where a scientist
doubts, questions and
considers conclusions.
The skeptical attitude
pervades science and is
also applied to scientific
assertions.

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Research I
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 The most important and most difficult time to be
skeptical is when we want something to be true. Claims
that fit into our existing beliefs and biases have a way of
bypassing our skepticism shield, making us more
vulnerable to being fooled.

https://skepticalscience.com/how-skepticism-can-protect-
you-from-being-fooled.html

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Importance of skepticism in science:

Research I
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 Importance of skepticism in science:

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 Importance of skepticism in science:

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 How to develop skepticism in science:

Developing skepticism in science involves cultivating a mindset that

encourages critical thinking, questioning, and a rigorous approach to
research and analysis. Here are some ways to develop skepticism in
science:

Halpern, D. F. (2018). Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking (5th ed.). Psychology Press.
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 How to develop skepticism in science:

Halpern, D. F. (2018). Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking (5th ed.). Psychology Press.
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 How to develop skepticism in science:

Halpern, D. F. (2018). Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking (5th ed.). Psychology Press.
Research I
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Research I
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 A scientist is objective if he
does not allow his feelings
and biases to influence his
recording of observations,
interpretation of data, and
formulation of conclusions.

Research I
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 What does objective mean in research?

Objectivity means being objective

or impartial and not being
influenced by personal
experiences, value judgments, or
preconceived notions.

Objectivity is free from all bias.

https://study.com/learn/lesson/objectivity-scientific-research.html
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 BIAS
is an unfair tendency
to prefer one outcome,
thing, person, or group
of people over another.

https://study.com/learn/lesson/objectivity-scientific-research.html
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Types of Scientific
Research Bias
CONFIRMATION BIAS
is when a scientist collects and
reports data in a way that supports
their hypothesis or preconceived
idea.
https://study.com/learn/lesson/objectivity-scientific-research.html
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 CONFIRMATION BIAS
Example:

A researcher studying the effects of a

new drug may unconsciously focus on
positive outcomes and downplay or
overlook negative side effects because
they believe the drug is effective.

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Types of Scientific
Research Bias
OBSERVER BIAS
occurs when the researcher's expectations,
beliefs, or prior knowledge unconsciously
influence the way they observe, record, or
interpret data
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 OBSERVER BIAS
Example:
A psychology researcher conducts a study to
investigate the impact of teacher expectations
on student performance. The researcher
believes that students labeled as "gifted" will
perform better academically. During the study:

The researcher unconsciously pays more

attention to the "gifted" students in the
classroom.
https://study.com/learn/lesson/objectivity-scientific-research.html
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Types of Scientific
Research Bias
SELECTION BIAS
is when a group in a research study
somehow differs from the larger
population they represent.
https://study.com/learn/lesson/objectivity-scientific-research.html
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 SELECTION BIAS
Example:
In a survey about smartphone usage, if participants
are predominantly tech-savvy individuals, the findings
may not accurately represent the entire population's
smartphone habits.

Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Biases can be introduced at any stage of the
scientific method, including:

✓ hypothesis formulation
✓ experimental design
✓ data collection
✓ data analysis
✓ publishing
https://study.com/learn/lesson/objectivity-scientific-research.html
Research I
Quarter 1 SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES Lesson 1
 Characteristics of Objectivity in Science:

Research I
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 Characteristics of Objectivity in Science:

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 Characteristics of Objectivity in Science:

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 is the ability to continue
work in spite of many
obstacles

Research I
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 Do you know how many experiments Edison
went through before he got it right? Over 9,000.
When asked, ''Isn't it a shame that with the
tremendous amount of work you have done you
haven't been able to get any results?'' Edison
replied, ''Results! Why, man, I have gotten lots of
results! I know several thousand things that won't
work!'' And that's the beauty of Edison and his
perseverance. He never saw a failed attempt as
something to be ashamed of. Instead, every
failure was a piece of important knowledge. While
most everyone would've probably quit after 1, 10,
or at most 100 failed experiments, Thomas Edison
went on and on until he got it right. For Edison,
F.A.I.L. probably meant ''First Attempt In
Learning.''

Research I
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 Importance of developing perseverance in science

Perseverance allows Perseverance ensures that

scientists to keep working scientists stay committed to
on a problem even when their research goals over
faced with setbacks and extended periods, even
difficulties. when faced with challenges.
Research I
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 Importance of developing perseverance in science

Breakthroughs and Perseverance allows

discoveries often result scientists to bounce back
from persistent efforts to from failures, adapt their
solve complex problems. approaches, and continue
their pursuit of knowledge.
Research I
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 Importance of developing perseverance in science

Perseverance helps Long-term dedication to

scientists to address global research leads to the
challenges that require accumulation of valuable
sustained scientific efforts. knowledge and scientific
progress.
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 How to develop perseverance in science

Developing perseverance in science, or any field, requires

intentional effort and a combination of strategies. Here are ways to
enhance your perseverance in scientific pursuits:

1. Set clear goals.

2. Embrace challenges and failures with a growth mindset.
3. Break tasks into manageable steps.
4. Seek support and mentorship.
5. Celebrate small achievements.
6. Build resilience.

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 How to develop perseverance in science

7. Manage your time effectively.

8. Stay curious and continuously learn.
9. Maintain work-life balance.
10.Network and collaborate.
11.Stay passionate about your work.

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 Other Scientific Attitudes:

Recognizing the limitations of one's Critical thinking is the systematic

knowledge and understanding is approach scientists use to
essential in science. Scientists evaluate and analyze information,
acknowledge that there is always evidence, and arguments in a
more to learn. rigorous and objective manner.
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 Other Scientific Attitudes:

Creative scientists are not A rational scientist can be

constrained by conventional able to think logically and
thinking. reason clearly.
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Overall, scientific attitudes are
the foundation for reliable,
credible, and transformative
scientific progress.