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Lab B MIMO Model

This document describes developing a transient model to simulate the temperature response of two heaters and two temperature sensors. An energy balance equation is provided that accounts for convective heat transfer, radiative heat transfer, and input heat from each heater. The model is simulated by changing one heater input to 1 W at 0.1 minutes and the other to 0.75 W at 5 minutes over a 10 minute period. The simulated response is compared to the actual response from a temperature control lab kit. Questions are also provided about the effect of each heater on the other sensor, how the response would change if the heat sinks were connected, and potential sources of model error.

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Habiyaremye Joseph
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49 views

Lab B MIMO Model

This document describes developing a transient model to simulate the temperature response of two heaters and two temperature sensors. An energy balance equation is provided that accounts for convective heat transfer, radiative heat transfer, and input heat from each heater. The model is simulated by changing one heater input to 1 W at 0.1 minutes and the other to 0.75 W at 5 minutes over a 10 minute period. The simulated response is compared to the actual response from a temperature control lab kit. Questions are also provided about the effect of each heater on the other sensor, how the response would change if the heat sinks were connected, and potential sources of model error.

Uploaded by

Habiyaremye Joseph
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Temperature Control Lab B: MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output) Model

Develop a transient model between the two heater power outputs and the
two temperature sensors. An energy balance describes the transient
temperature response of a single heater with one temperature sensor. The
heater and temperature sensor are assumed to be at the same temperature.
You can assume that conduction is negligible and that the only heat
transferred is through radiation to the surroundings or convection or
radiation to the surrounding air or from the heater nearby. The heaters are
initially off and the heaters and sensors are initially at ambient temperature. Use the following values:

Quantity Value Value (SI Units)


Initial temperature (T0) 23˚C 296.15 K
Ambient temperature (𝑇∞ ) 23˚C 296.15 K
Heater Output (Q) 0 to 1 W 0 to 1 W
Heat Capacity (Cp) 500 J/kg-K 500 J/kg-K
Surface Area Not Between Heat Sinks (A) 10 cm2 1x10-3 m2
Surface Area Between Heat Sinks (As) 2 cm2 2x10-4 m2
Mass (m) 4 gm 0.004 kg
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (U) 10 W/m2-K 10 W/m2-K
Emissivity (ε) 0.9 0.9
Stefan Boltzmann Constant (σ) 5.67x10-8 W/m2-K4 5.67x10-8 W/m2-K4

Use the following energy balance equation with convective heat transfer, radiative heat transfer, and the
heater energy inputs. The additional blue terms are heat transfer

𝑑𝑇1
𝑚𝐶𝑝 = 𝑈𝐴 (𝑇∞ − 𝑇1 ) + ϵ σ 𝐴 (𝑇∞4 − 𝑇14 ) + 𝑈𝐴𝑠 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) + ϵ σ 𝐴𝑠 (𝑇24 − 𝑇14 ) + Q1
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑇2
𝑚𝐶𝑝 = 𝑈𝐴 (𝑇∞ − 𝑇2 ) + ϵ σ 𝐴 (𝑇∞4 − 𝑇24 ) + 𝑈𝐴𝑠 (𝑇1 − 𝑇2 ) + ϵ σ 𝐴𝑠 (𝑇14 − 𝑇24 ) + Q 2
𝑑𝑡

Simulate a temperature change when changing the heater output from 0.0 to 1.0 W for Q1 at t=0.1 min
and from 0.0 to 0.75 W for Q 2 at t=5.0 min. Continue the simulation period for 10 minutes. Show the
temperature responses.
If you have a temperature control lab kit, compare the simulated response to the actual response by setting
each heater output to 100% at the appropriate times (Q1 = 100% at t=0.1 min and Q 2 = 100% at t=5.0
min). The heater 1 is more powerful than heater 2 by design. The heater output limits are set in the
Arduino firmware (tclab.ino) for Python labs and tclab.m for the MATLAB labs.

Questions for consideration:

How much effect does Q1 have on T2 starting at t=0.1 min?

How much effect does Q 2 have on T1 starting at t=5 min?

How would the response change if you were to slide a coin between the two heat sinks so that there is a
continuous metallic interface between the two heaters? How would you change the model equations?

Is model error due to incorrect parameters or due to incorrect equations?

See http://apmonitor.com/pdc/index.php/Main/ArduinoModeling2 for source code solutions (if needed).

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