GUIDE

Guide on
Immigrating
to Canada
Table of Contents
Overview: Immigrating to Canada 03
Understanding Canada’s immigration programs: Permanent residence 05
(PR) and temporary residence
Essential documents required for immigration to Canada
Permanent residence pathways 13
Express Entry program
Provincial Nominee Programs
Atlantic Immigration Program (AIP)
Start-up visa (SUV) program
Family sponsorship
Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot (RNIP)
Caregivers
Agri-Food Pilot
Quebec Selected Workers (QSW) program
Temporary residence pathways 31
Working in Canada on a work permit
Study permits for international students
Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) after studying in Canada
Settling in Canada permanently after studying or working
Applying for immigration to Canada 41
Dos and don’ts while applying for immigration to Canada
How much does it cost to immigrate to Canada?
Tips for choosing the ideal immigration program
How to choose the right immigration consultant
Preparing for your move to Canada 53
Essential documents to bring with you to Canada
Sign up for pre-arrival settlement services
Key takeaways 57
Sources 59

Guide on Immigrating to Canada 2

Immigrating to
Canada
Each year, Canada invites hundreds of thousands of newcomers
from across the world to work, study, and live in the country.
To attract newcomers with a diverse set of skills, qualifications,
and work experience, Canada offers several distinct immigration
pathways, including programs for temporary and permanent
residence.

Canada’s welcoming immigration policies have significant

economic benefits for the country, including bringing in skilled
individuals to compensate for Canada’s ageing population and fill
critical gaps in the job market.

From the perspective of newcomers, Canada is an attractive

destination that offers immense employment opportunities,
world-class education programs, a better quality of life, and
the possibility of settling here permanently. To help make this

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Overview 3

transition easier, Arrive offers guidance and resources to help
newcomers settle into their new lives and fulfil their career and
financial goals in Canada.

In this guide, we will walk you through the various immigration

programs Canada offers for newcomers who wish to live in
Canada temporarily or permanently. We will provide an overview of
the eligibility criteria and application processes for these programs
and share tips to help you fulfil your dream of moving to Canada.

This guide has three main objectives:

1. To introduce various immigration programs and help you
identify the ideal one for you.

2. To provide tips and guidance to help you apply for

immigration.

3. To equip you with the resources and information you need to

arrive prepared for your life in Canada.

Inside this guide, you’ll find tips and resources

on the following immigration-related topics:
Թ An overview of temporary and permanent residence
(PR)

Թ Permanent residence programs, including Express Entry, PNP,

and more

Թ Temporary residence programs, including study permits and

work permits

Թ Temporary residence as a pathway to PR

Թ The cost of immigrating to Canada

Թ Tips on choosing the right immigration program for you

Թ Hiring an immigration consultant to help with your

application

Թ Getting ready to move to Canada

We hope this guide helps you feel prepared and supported at

every step of your immigration journey to Canada.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Overview 4

Understanding
Canada’s immigration
programs: Permanent
residence (PR) and
temporary residence
As a newcomer, you may be able to settle in Canada permanently
if you receive permanent resident (PR) status. Permanent
residents enjoy most of the same rights and responsibilities as
Canadian citizens, including:

Թ The right to receive social benefits, including publicly-funded

health care coverage.

Թ The freedom to live, work, or study anywhere in Canada.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 5

 Թ Protection under Canadian law.

Թ The responsibility of paying taxes in Canada.

However, unlike citizens, PR holders don’t have the right to vote

in Canadian elections, run for political office, sit on a jury, or hold
certain high-security clearance jobs.

When you move to Canada as a permanent resident, you’ll receive

a PR card in the mail a few weeks after you arrive. Your PR card
Permanent residents enjoy
will be valid for five years, but you can maintain your status as a
most of the same rights
permanent resident if you’ve been in Canada for at least 730 days and responsibilities as
during these five years. Canadian citizens.
If you’ve been physically present in Canada as a permanent
resident for at least three years (1095 days), you may also be
eligible to apply for Canadian citizenship.

Tip: Days spent in Canada as a temporary resident (as a

student or worker) or protected person count as half a day
in your calculation of physical presence for your citizenship
application. However, you can only include a maximum of 365
days through this method.

You can move to Canada as a temporary resident if you have

a study permit, work permit, visitor visa, or legal status as a
protected person. Temporary residence status does not grant you
all of the rights and freedoms associated with PR or citizenship
status.

For instance, as an international student, you may not be eligible

for provincial health coverage in many parts of Canada. If you’re
in Canada as a temporary foreign worker, your work permit may
impose restrictions on the employer you can work with and your
job location.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 6

2.1 Essential documents required for
immigration to Canada

Note: The list of documents provided in this section is

not exhaustive. Depending on the immigration program
you’re applying under, you may need to provide additional
documents to support your application.

When you apply for temporary or permanent residence in Canada,

you’ll be asked to submit several documents to support the
information you include in your application. Immigration, Refugees,
and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) uses these documents to verify
your details and determine whether your application should
be accepted. The documentation required varies based on the
immigration program you’re applying through. In this section, we
cover some of the common documents you may need for your
application.

Educational Credentials Assessment (ECA)

An ECA is used to verify that your foreign degree, diploma, or

certificate (or other proof of your credentials) is valid and equal
to a Canadian one. You must get your assessment from an
organization or a professional body designated by IRCC.

Tip: To get points for having two or more credentials, you

need an assessment for each one. Read our article on how to
get your credentials assessed for moving to Canada for more
information.

Language test results

Canada has two official languages – English and French.

Newcomers to Canada are required to prove their English or
French proficiency by taking a language proficiency test approved
by IRCC, even if they come from a country where these languages
are commonly spoken.

For English, IRCC accepts International English Language Testing

System (IELTS) and Canadian English Language Proficiency
Index Program (CELPIP) results. For French language proficiency,

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 7

the IRCC-accepted language proficiency tests are the Test
d’évaluation de français Canada (TEF Canada) and the Test de
connaissance du français Canada (TCF Canada). Your test scores
are then matched against Canadian Language Benchmark (CLB)
levels.

When applying for PR, the higher your test results, the more points
you get towards your Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS)
score. The maximum possible score for proficiency in a single
language is 24. Demonstrating fluency in both official languages
will contribute four additional points to your CRS score.

If you’re applying for a study permit, you may need to take an

academic language test, which is different from the general
language test for PR. Many learning institutions in Canada also
require a certain minimum language test score as part of their
admission criteria.

Tip: You can improve your language test results by following

these tips:

• Do as many practice exams as you can to become

familiar with the test content and format.

• Always read the instructions for each section carefully.

• Follow the suggested allotted timing to maximize your

points.

• There are no right or wrong answers in the writing or

speaking section. You will be assessed on how well you
can use the language to express your ideas.

• If there are questions you don’t know the answer to,

leave them and move on to the next question. You can go
back and try to answer them at the end of the section.

• Try not to leave any questions blank. Most tests don’t

have negative marking so it’s better to risk a wrong
answer than give no answer at all.

• While you should show some advanced vocabulary, it’s

better to use basic vocabulary correctly than overreach
on advanced words that you aren’t confident about.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 8

Proof of funds

You may be required to show proof of settlement funds as part of

your immigration application. The funds required vary based on
the program you’re applying through. You can show proof of funds
in the form of official letters from any banks or financial institutions
where you’re keeping money. Your letters must –

Թ be printed on the financial institution’s letterhead.

Թ include their contact information (address, telephone number,

and email address).

Թ include your name.

Թ list outstanding debts such as credit card debts and

loans.

Թ include, for each current bank and investment account, the

account numbers, date each account was opened, the current
balance of each account, and the average balance for the
past six months.

If you’re applying for a study permit through the Student Direct

Stream (SDS), you’ll need a Guaranteed Investment Certificate
(GIC) from a participating financial institution to show proof of
funds. Students from select countries can obtain an International
Student GIC from RBC.

Tip: Those immigrating to Canada under the Canadian

Experience Class (CEC) or through a program that requires a
job offer in Canada are not required to show proof of funds.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 9

Employment reference letters

An employment reference letter, or work reference letter, is a

document that confirms the specifics of your employment with
your previous and current employers. You’ll typically need these
documents for work permit applications and PR streams that
require work experience as a qualifying criterion. Any employment
reference letters you submit as part of your immigration
application must include the following:

Թ Your name.

Թ Employer’s name.

Թ The start and end dates of your employment.

Թ Your job title.

Թ The job duties you held at the company. These must closely
match the duties and responsibilities outlined in the National
Occupational Classification (NOC) you selected in your
immigration application or Express Entry profile.

Թ The number of hours you worked there per week and whether
the job was part-time or full-time.

Թ Your annual salary plus benefits. It’s good to also mention

how much that is in CAD.

Թ The name, designation, and signature of the signatory. This

can be your manager, department head, HR staff, or someone
in the company’s management team.

Թ The company’s contact details.

Work reference letters must be on the company letterhead and

should be signed and stamped. If you’ve held multiple positions
within a company, each job title must be separately listed,
along with corresponding dates, duties, working hours, and
compensation details.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 10

 Tip: If you’re unable to get an employment reference letter
from an employer, you can provide alternative documents to
verify your work history, such as:

• Paystubs or salary slips.

• Bank statements that show salary being regularly

deposited.

• Documents that prove your employment record, such as

your employment contract, joining letter, and resignation
or termination letter.

• Signed affidavits from your co-workers in that

organization.

• A statement explaining why you weren’t able to get the

letter and the documentation you are providing instead.

Job offer, if applicable

A valid job offer from a Canadian employer is a requirement for
some immigration programs. If you’re applying for PR through
the Express Entry program or a Provincial Nominee Program
(PNP) where a job offer isn’t mandatory, you may be able to get
extra points if you receive a job offer, improving your chances
of qualifying. A job offer is mandatory if you’re applying for an
employer-specific work permit.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 11

 Tip: Download our Guide to Finding your Career in Canada
for tips and resources on the job search process, Canadian
resumes, and interview preparation to help you land a job in
Canada.

Police certification
Most immigration applicants, temporary or permanent, are
required to submit a criminal background check certificate issued
by their local law enforcement authority to prove that they are
not inadmissible into Canada. Note that if you’ve lived in several
jurisdictions in the past 10 years, you may be required to submit a
background check from each of these jurisdictions.

Medical test results

After submitting your PR or temporary residence application, you
may be required to take a medical exam to confirm that you’re
not inadmissible into Canada for medical reasons. You are only
required to take this exam if IRCC tells you to, in which case, you’ll
receive detailed instructions on where and how the medical test
should be done.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Understanding Canada’s immigration programs 12

Permanent residence
pathways
Canada offers several permanent residence programs for
newcomers who are interested in settling here permanently. Most
immigration programs are run by the federal government through
the IRCC. However, some, like the Provincial Nominee Programs
and the Quebec Selected Workers program, are completely or
partially driven by the provincial or territorial governments.

In this section, we provide an overview of various PR programs,

including their eligibility criteria and application processes.

3.1 Express Entry program

The Express Entry program is one of the most sought after and
popular ways to immigrate to Canada, mainly due to its simplicity
and quick processing timelines. The Express Entry program
includes three distinct economic immigration streams:

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 13

 1. Federal Skilled Worker (FSW) program: For applicants
with significant foreign work experience and/or a high
level of education who want to immigrate to Canada
permanently.

2. Federal Skilled Trades Program (FSTP): For skilled

tradespeople who want to immigrate to Canada.

3. Canadian Experience Class (CEC): For foreign nationals

who have been working in Canada for at least one year and
wish to apply for PR.

Qualifying for Express Entry: Comprehensive Ranking

System (CRS)

Canada uses a point-based system known as the Comprehensive

Ranking System (CRS) to rank and evaluate immigration
applications. Your CRS score is based on several factors including
your skills, education, language ability, work experience, age, and
more.

Candidates for Express Entry are awarded up to 1200 CRS points,

based on their profile, and the Government of Canada conducts
periodic draws of applications with a CRS score above a certain
cut-off number. If your CRS score meets the cut-off, you’ll receive
an Invitation to Apply (ITA) for permanent residence.

Tip: You can use the government’s CRS tool to check if you’re
likely to qualify for Express Entry. The tool is very intuitive;
upon answering a few questions, it generates your projected
score.

Applying for PR through Express Entry

Թ Create an IRCC account and Express Entry profile:
If you qualify for one of the Express Entry programs, you can
start the application process by creating an account on the
IRCC website and creating your profile.

Թ Submit your profile: Submitting your Express Entry profile

enables you to enter the pool of potential candidates for
immigration. Once you fill out your profile and submit it online,
you’ll be ranked in the Express Entry pool based on your CRS

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 14

 score. Your profile will remain in the candidate pool for one
year or until you receive an ITA, whichever is sooner.

Թ Receive an invitation and apply for PR: Draws from

the candidate pool occur every few weeks, and the highest-
ranked candidates in the Express Entry pool receive an
Invitation to Apply, after which they have 60 days to complete
an application for PR in Canada. Once you are invited to apply,
you’ll need to submit supporting documents to verify the
information you provided in your application.

Թ Receive a Confirmation of Permanent Residence

(COPR) once your application is approved: When the Submitting an Express
IRCC approves your application, you’ll receive a COPR with Entry profile is not the
instructions to submit your biometrics and get a visa stamped same as submitting a PR
on your passport. You can then travel to Canada with your application. Everyone
COPR and visa, and once you’ve arrived, you’ll receive your intending to immigrate
permanent residence card in the mail in a few weeks. submits a profile, but
only the high-ranked
candidates are invited to
apply for PR.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 15

3.2 Provincial Nominee Programs
Provincial Nominee Programs (PNP) are province-driven PR
programs aimed at attracting individuals who possess skills,
education, and work experience that are in demand in a particular
province or territory. PNP programs allow you to settle in that
province or territory permanently and contribute to its economy.

Tip: Download our newcomer’s guide to Canada’s provinces

and territories to learn about the job market, climate, culture,
and lifestyle in various parts of Canada before choosing a
province to settle in.

Qualifying for PR under the Provincial Nominee Program

With the exception of Quebec and Nunavut, each province and Tip: You can get up to
territory has its own Provincial Nominee Programs with unique 600 additional CRS points
requirements. Some PNP immigration streams target certain for securing a provincial
groups such as new graduates, business people, skilled workers nomination, making it
in specific professions, or semi-skilled workers. The qualifying easier to qualify for PR.
criteria will depend on the province and PNP stream you’re
interested in.

Some provincial nominee programs also use your CRS score in

order to determine your eligibility for permanent residence. You
may also qualify for some streams if you have work experience,
qualifications, or a Canadian job offer in a particular field.

It’s important to note that while the province or territory issues

nomination letters, the final decision on your PR application rests
with the IRCC and you’ll need to meet certain basic eligibility
criteria to qualify for PR.

Learn more: Read our province-wise articles for more

detailed information on immigration streams under various
Provincial Nominee Programs, their eligibility criteria, and
application processes:

• Ontario Immigrant Nominee Program (OINP)

• British Columbia Provincial Nominee Program (BC PNP)

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 16

 • Alberta Immigrant Nominee Program (AINP)

• Saskatchewan Immigrant Nominee Program (SINP)

• Nova Scotia Nominee Program (NSNP)

• Manitoba Provincial Nominee Program (MPNP)

• New Brunswick Provincial Nominee Program (NBPNP)

You can also download our job market guide to understand

the scope of your occupation in Canada.

Applying for PR under the Provincial Nominee Program

There are two ways to apply for PR through the PNPs. The mode
of application will depend on the PNP stream under which you
apply:

4. Paper-based process: This involves submitting a physical

application and supporting documents. Typically, you must
first receive a nomination certificate from the province or
territory and then apply to IRCC for PR status.

5. Express Entry: This online application system is linked to

the federal Express Entry program and works in one of two
ways, depending on the province and program you’re applying
to.

a. You can contact the province or territory first and apply

for a nomination under their Express Entry stream. If the
province or territory agrees to nominate you, you can then
create an Express Entry profile and show you have been
nominated.

b. You can create an Express Entry profile first and indicate

the provinces and territories you’re interested in. If a
province or territory sends a notification of interest to your
account, you can contact them directly and apply through
their Express Entry stream.

In both cases, you’ll need to create an Express Entry profile to

submit your application for PR status. After you receive a provincial
nomination letter, the application process is similar to Express
Entry.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 17

3.3 Atlantic Immigration Program (AIP)
The Atlantic Immigration Program (AIP) is an immigration pathway
that allows newcomers to move to one of Canada’s four Atlantic
provinces: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick (NB), Prince Edward Island
(PEI), or Newfoundland and Labrador (NL).

Qualifying for the Atlantic Immigration Program

You can apply for the Atlantic Immigration Program if you are
a foreign skilled worker in Canada or abroad, or if you have
recently graduated from a recognized post-secondary institution
(university or college) in Atlantic Canada. However, to participate
in the program, you require a valid job offer from a designated
employer in one of Canada’s Atlantic provinces.

You will only qualify for the AIP if your work experience and
educational background, Canadian or foreign, meets the following
criteria:

Թ You must either

Թ Have at least 1,560 hours of paid employment experience in

a Skill Type 0, Skill level A, B, or C job in the last five years,
including full-time or part-time work.

Թ Or have completed at least a two-year degree, diploma, or

certificate from a recognized post-secondary institution in
Atlantic Canada, while studying full-time on a valid study
permit.

Թ You must have at least a one-year Canadian post-secondary

educational credential (or foreign equivalent) if your job offer
is for an NOC 0 or A skill type or level. If your job offer is for
an NOC B or C skill level, you must have at least a Canadian
high school diploma (or foreign equivalent).

Թ In addition, you need to meet certain language skills criteria

and prove you have sufficient funds to support yourself and
your family in Canada.

Finding a job with a designated Atlantic employer in

Canada

As part of the Atlantic Immigration Program’s application process,

you need a job offer from a designated employer in one of the four

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 18

Atlantic provinces. You can find a list of employers authorized to
hire candidates under the AIP, as well as available job openings, on
the provincial websites.

To be eligible for the AIP, your job offer must meet certain criteria:

Թ It must be for a full-time job involving at least 30 hours of paid

work per week.

Թ The job must be non-seasonal, with consistent and regular

work throughout the year.

Թ For NOC 0, A, or B employment, the job offer must be for

at least one year from the time you become a permanent
resident.

Թ For NOC C employment, the job offer must be permanent,

without a specified end date.

Թ The job offer must not be from a company where you or your
spouse is a majority owner.

Թ The job offer must be for a similar or higher skill level as your
qualifying work experience. Exceptions exist for international
graduates and certain jobs in the healthcare sector.

Applying for PR through the Atlantic Immigration

Program

Թ Gather essential documents: In addition to standard

documentation required for PR, you’ll also require an Offer
of Employment to a Foreign National Form signed by your
employer, your employer’s Confirmation of Designation,
proof of your temporary residence permit if you’re already
in Canada, a personalized settlement plan created by a
settlement agency in Atlantic Canada, and a Certificate of
Endorsement, which you receive through the employer once
the province endorses your job offer.

Թ Complete and submit your application: You can

submit your application online or on paper, after paying the
application processing fee. To apply online, you’ll need to
create an account on the PR online application portal.

Թ Applying for a temporary work permit while

awaiting PR approval, if needed: You may be eligible to

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 19

 apply for a temporary work permit that allows you to work in
Canada while you await a response on your PR application.
This work permit is specifically for applicants under the
Atlantic Immigration Program and only allows you to work
for a designated Atlantic employer who has offered you a
job. It will be valid for one year, and you must submit your PR
application within 90 days of applying for a work permit.

Learn more: Read our article on the Atlantic Immigration

Program (AIP) for more information on the qualifying criteria,
application process, and other requirements.

3.4 Start-up Visa (SUV) program

Entrepreneurs with the skills and potential to build innovative
businesses in Canada, create jobs for Canadians, and compete on
a global scale, can apply for PR under the Start-up Visa program.
Once you submit your application under this program, you’ll first
need to start a qualifying business in Canada before you can
qualify for PR.

Qualifying for PR through the Start-up Visa program

To be eligible for the Start-up Visa Program, you must:

Թ Get a letter of support from a designated

organization: You must contact a designated organization
and convince them that your business idea is worth investing
in. They will then issue a letter of support and Commitment
Certificate for your PR application.

Թ Have a qualifying business: You must hold at least 10 per

cent of voting rights associated with your company’s shares
and you and the designated organization must jointly own
at least 50 per cent of the voting rights associated with the
company’s shares. At the time you receive PR, your company
must be incorporated in Canada and you must actively
manage it from within Canada.

Թ Meet the language requirements: You’ll need to prove

proficiency in English or French and meet a minimum level of
CLB 5.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 20

 Թ Bring enough money to settle: You’ll need to prove that
you have sufficient settlement funds to support yourself and
your family in Canada.

Applying for PR through the Start-up Visa program

Թ Fill and submit your application: Use the application

guide and document checklist to complete your application.
Be sure to pay the application fees before submitting your
application.

Թ Start your business in Canada while your application

is being processed (optional): Foreign nationals who
receive a Commitment Certificate and Letter of Support
from a designated organization can apply for a short-term
work permit under the International Mobility Program under
the Start-Up Visa program. You can apply for a work permit
before or after applying for PR.

Թ Submit additional documents: While your PR application

is being processed, you’ll have to submit your biometrics
and medical test results. You may also have to appear for an
interview with an immigration officer.

Tip: The Commitment Certificate issued by the designated

organization is valid for six months. You must submit your PR
application before it expires.

3.5 Family sponsorship

Family sponsorship is an immigration program through which your
close family members living in Canada can sponsor you to move to
Canada as a permanent resident.

As your sponsor, your family member must promise to take care of

you financially for a period of time. This legally binding promise or
contract is called a sponsorship undertaking.

The sponsor and the primary PR applicant must also sign a

sponsorship agreement, which states that the sponsor will provide
for the basic needs of the sponsored family members and the
person being sponsored will make reasonable efforts to support
themselves and their family.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 21

Qualifying for PR under the Family sponsorship program
You can be sponsored by your spouse, common-law partner,
conjugal partner, dependant child, parent, or grandchild if they
are Canadian citizens, permanent residents, or persons registered
under the Canadian Indian Act. In specific situations, other close
relatives, such as siblings, nieces, or nephews may also be able to
sponsor you.

Your sponsor will need to prove that they will:

Թ Be able to meet your basic needs of food, shelter, and

clothing.

Թ Be able to support you financially for some time.

Թ Not be receiving social assistance for reasons other than a

disability. They may also need to ensure that you don’t rely on
social assistance.

Applying for PR under the Family sponsorship program

When your sponsor submits your application for PR through the

Family sponsorship program, your PR application and your family
member’s sponsorship application must be submitted together.
Your PR application will only be reviewed if your family member is
found to be eligible as a sponsor.

Թ Complete your application: The application process

varies depending on your relationship with your sponsor, so
make sure they use the right application package for your

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 22

 circumstances.

Թ Pay the application fees: Your sponsor will have to pay

a sponsorship processing fees, the processing fee for your
application, as well as your biometrics and right of permanent
residence fee. They must pay the fees online and include
proof of having done so in your PR application.

Թ Submit the application for processing: The application

for eligibility as a sponsor is assessed by an IRCC office within
Canada. If the sponsor is found eligible, then your application
for PR status will be processed by the visa office responsible
for your place of residence. During application processing,
you will be asked to submit your biometrics and police
certificates and appear for a medical exam.

Once your application is approved, you will receive a Confirmation

of Permanent Residence and, if needed, can get a visa to travel to
Canada.

Note: The Parent/Grandparent Sponsorship Program (PGP) is

subject to annual quotas and demand significantly outweighs
the quota. The average processing time for PGP sponsorship
applications is 20 to 24 months. Read our article on the family
sponsorship program for more information.

3.6 Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot

(RNIP)
The Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot (RNIP) is a community-
driven program aimed at bringing skilled workers, and the
consequent economic benefits of immigration, to smaller
communities in Canada.

The RNIP was launched in November 2019 as a five-year pilot

program. At present, there are eleven participating communities
across five provinces under the RNIP. These include: North Bay,
Sudbury, Timmins, Sault Ste. Marie, and Thunder Bay in Ontario,
Vernon and West Kootenay in British Columbia, Brandon and
Altona/Rhineland in Manitoba, Moose Jaw in Saskatchewan, and
Claresholm in Alberta.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 23

Qualifying for the Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot

Since the participating communities often have specific skill and

labour market requirements, individuals and families applying
for immigration under the RNIP need to meet community
requirements, including:

Թ A valid job offer in a NOC code that’s in demand in the

community.

Թ Past work experience in a similar or related field.

Թ Language proficiency beyond the minimum language

requirement for a particular occupation, including, in some
cases, proficiency in both English and French.

Թ A valid driver’s licence issued in Canada or your home

country.

Թ Family or friendship ties to the community.

Թ Past residence in rural or remote communities.

Թ An exploratory visit to the community.

Թ The ability of your spouse or common-law partner to

adapt and contribute to economic and social life in the
community.

Թ Knowledge of the community.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 24

 Թ Minimum earnings parameters may sometimes be higher than
the average wage for the applicable NOC to ensure you can
support yourself and your family.

In addition, you also need to meet the general eligibility

requirements for PR set by the IRCC, such as qualifying work
experience, educational credentials, language test results, and
proof of settlement funds.

Note: The community-specific requirements are set by the

recommending community and will vary based on where you
intend to settle.

Applying for PR under the Rural and Northern

Immigration Pilot

Թ Find full-time employment in the community: Each

participating community in the RNIP program has a list of
in-demand jobs in the region. You’ll need to find employment
in one of the listed NOCs to qualify for PR under the RNIP
program. To qualify, your job offer must be full-time and
permanent, from an employer that does business in the
community, and at the same or similar skill level as your
previous work experience.

Թ Submit your application for recommendation to the

community: Once you receive a qualifying job offer from
a community-based employer, you can apply for community
recommendation. You’ll need to create a candidate profile
on the community’s RNIP website and provide applicant
information, details about your education, and work
experience. Your employer must complete an “Offer of
Employment to a Foreign National – RNIP” form and send you
a copy to include with your application.

Թ Receive community recommendation: If you

meet the federal and community eligibility criteria, your
candidate profile will be placed into a candidate pool for the
community’s consideration for up to six months.

Թ Apply for PR: Once you receive a recommendation from

your community, you can start the process of applying for

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 25

 PR. You can fill out the forms and pay the application fees
online but the completed application must be mailed to
IRCC. Once the IRCC receives and reviews your application
for completion, they will send you an acknowledgement of
receipt, your IRCC file number, and instructions on the next
steps. You can then create an IRCC account and link your
application to it.

Learn more: Read our article on the Rural and Northern

Immigration Pilot (RNIP) for more information on the qualifying
criteria, application process, and other requirements.

3.7 Caregivers
If you’ve been offered a job in Canada as a caregiver or have
experience working in Canada as a caregiver, you may be able to
apply for PR through the Home Child Care Provider Pilot or the
Home Support Worker Pilot.

Qualifying for PR as a caregiver

Note: The caregiver pilot programs have an annual cap and

the government stops accepting applications once this quota
is met. You may still be eligible to apply the following year.

You may be eligible for PR under the Home Child Provider Pilot

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 26

or the Home Support Worker Pilot if you meet all of the following
criteria:

Թ Have at least 24 months of full-time qualifying work

experience in Canada in the 36 months before you apply
OR have a valid, relevant job offer from a Canadian
employer.

Թ Have language tests results of CLB 5 and above.

Թ Have at least one year of Canadian post-secondary education

or the foreign equivalent.

Applying for PR under a caregiver stream

The application process will be different depending on your

situation and how much qualifying work experience you have.

Թ If you’ve never worked as a caregiver in Canada or

have less than 24 months of Canadian experience:
You can submit a temporary work permit application along
with your PR application. Once you’ve acquired at least 24
months of Canadian work experience, you can send proof
of your work experience to the IRCC, so they can make a
decision on your PR application.

Թ If you have at least 24 months of eligible Canadian

work experience as a caregiver: You can apply for PR
directly. You don’t need a job offer if you already meet the
work experience requirements.

To apply for PR, you need to follow the below steps:

Թ Complete and submit your application: You can fill

out your application, pay the fees, and submit the application
online through the IRCC permanent residence portal.

Թ Submit your biometrics and wait for your

application to be processed: If you’re applying from
outside Canada, you’ll need to provide your biometrics and
appear for a medical exam. If you’re already working in
Canada, you may need to appear for an interview with an
immigration officer. Applicants who’re in Canada on a work
permit may also be eligible for a bridging open work permit
(BOWP) after being approved in principle for PR.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 27

3.8 Agri-Food Pilot
The Agri-Food Pilot helps address the labour needs of the
Canadian agri-food sector. It provides a pathway to permanent
residence for experienced, non-seasonal workers in specific
industries and occupations in the agriculture and food sectors. It
will run until May 2023.

Qualifying for PR under the Agri-Food pilot

You may be eligible for permanent residence under the Agri-Food

Pilot if you have all of the following:

Թ At least one year of relevant eligible Canadian work

experience in the past three years.

Թ A full-time, non-seasonal job offer from a Canadian agri-food

employer (outside of Quebec) in an eligible occupation.

Թ Language test results of CLB/NCLC 4 and above.

Թ At least a Canadian high school diploma or its foreign

equivalent.

Թ Proof of settlement funds.

Թ Valid temporary resident status, if already in Canada.

Applying for PR under the Agri-Food pilot

Թ Fill out and submit your PR application: Once you have

all your documents ready, use IRCC’s immigration portal to fill
out your application, pay processing fees, and submit your
application online.

Թ Submit your biometrics and wait for your

application to be processed: If you’re applying from
outside Canada, you’ll need to provide your biometrics and
appear for a medical exam. If you’re already working in
Canada, you may need to appear for an interview with an
immigration officer. Applicants who’re in Canada on a work
permit may also be eligible for a bridging open work permit
(BOWP) after being approved in principle for PR.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 28

3.9 Quebec Selected Workers (QSW) program
Note: Most Quebec
Quebec has an agreement with the Canadian government that
Selected Workers
allows the province to specifically choose newcomers who they
programs require
believe will adapt well to living there. The province will offer you a
proficiency in French,
Québec Selection Certificate (Certificat de sélection du Québec) if
the official language of
they find you to be the right fit.
Quebec.
Qualifying for PR under the Quebec Selected Workers
program

There are several immigration streams available under the QSW

program, including those for skilled workers, entrepreneurs, and
foreign students. While the eligibility criteria for each program
vary, you’ll typically need to meet certain minimum language, work
experience, age, and proof of funds requirements.

Learn more: Read our article on how to apply for provincial

immigration programs in Quebec for more information on
QSW immigration streams, eligibility criteria, and application
process.

Applying for PR under the QSW program

Note: The Regular Skilled Worker Program under QSW only

accepts Expressions of Interest through Arrima. You can only
apply to this program if your profile meets the province’s
requirements and you’re invited to apply for permanent
residence.

Թ Create an account in Arrima and fill in your details,

along with supporting documents. Pay the application fees
and submit your application. You will receive a notification
by email and in the Arrima message centre to confirm your
application has been received.

Թ Obtain an attestation of learning about democratic

values and the Québec values once your application is
processed. After you receive a request from the Minister of
Immigration, Francization and Integration, you’ll have 60 days

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 29

 to obtain the attestation.

Թ Receive the Quebec Selection certificate, if you meet

program requirements. You’ll also receive information on the
next steps, including an interview, if needed.

Թ Apply for permanent residence through IRCC once

your QSW application is successful.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Permanent residence pathways 30

Temporary residence
pathways
Many newcomers choose to move to Canada for a short, pre-
defined period, during which they get to experience life in Canada
and work or study here, before deciding whether they want to stay
in Canada permanently.

In many cases, the work experience or education you gain as a

temporary resident in Canada can make it easier to qualify for
PR later. In this section, we cover temporary residence options
available to newcomers.

4.1 Working in Canada on a work permit

There are many advantages to working in Canada temporarily,
including the opportunity to be part of a global workforce, earn a
higher income, and experience life in Canada. Moreover, gaining
Canadian work experience in this way also makes it easier for you

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 31

to qualify for permanent residence (PR) programs, particularly the
Canadian Experience Class (CEC) Express Entry program. Most foreign nationals
Most foreign nationals require a work permit to work in Canada. require a work permit to
A work permit is a legal document that allows you to come to work in Canada. A work
Canada as a Temporary Foreign Worker (TFW). permit is a legal document
that allows you to come to
Some professions don’t require a work permit, but these are Canada as a Temporary
limited to roles that require you to be in Canada for a short Foreign Worker (TFW).
period, such as foreign athletes or coaches, actors, civil aviation
inspectors, business visitors, or short-term researchers.
International students who are in Canada on a study permit may
be eligible to work part-time while studying without a separate
work permit, provided their study permit allows it.

Types of work permits in Canada

There are two types of work permits for foreign nationals who
want to work in Canada. These are:

1. Employer-specific work permits: An employer-specific

work permit, also known as a closed work permit, allows you
to work for a specific employer in Canada. You need a job
offer from a Canadian employer to qualify for this permit. This
work permit specifies the conditions of your employment
in Canada and often requires your employer to complete a
Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA).

2. Open work permits: This allows you to work for any

eligible employer in Canada for a pre-defined duration. You
do not need a job offer to get an open work permit in Canada.
However, open work permits are only granted under specific
situations.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 32

 Note: Some countries, including Hong Kong, the United
States, and the United Kingdom, have a Working Holiday
Agreement with Canada. Residents of these qualifying
countries can apply for a work permit through the
International Experience Canada (IEC) program.

Eligibility criteria to get a Canadian work permit

To qualify for a work permit, you’ll need to meet at least one of the
following criteria:

Թ Have a valid job offer from a Canadian employer. Depending

on your occupation, the employer may need to complete an
LMIA and provide you with a copy.

Թ Be a U.S. or Mexican citizen, eligible for a Canadian work

permit under the CUSMA or NAFTA agreement.

Թ Be eligible for a Post-Graduation Work Permit while your

study permit is still valid.

Թ Be waiting on a decision on your PR application from inside

Canada.

Թ Be the spouse, common-law partner, or child of someone with

a valid Canadian study or work permit.

Թ Have an eligible temporary resident permit that’s valid for at

least six months.

Թ Be recognized as a refugee, protected person, or refugee

claimant.

In addition, you must prove that you have sufficient funds to

support yourself and your family while you’re in Canada and that
you’ll leave Canada once your work permit expires. You will also
need to undergo criminal background and medical checks, if
needed.

Note: A work permit is not a visa. If you’re applying for a

work permit from outside Canada, you may also require
a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) or visitor visa to enter
Canada, depending on your country of origin.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 33

How to apply for a work permit

The work permit application process varies depending on how

you apply and where you apply from. If you apply for a work
permit from outside Canada, you can use either a paper or online
application. Applicants already in Canada must apply online.

Թ Gather essential documents: Before applying, gather

all the essential documents, including your proof of identity,
proof of employment in Canada, educational credentials, past
employment records, and proof of funds.

Թ Submit your work permit application: Once you have

all the necessary paperwork, you can fill out your application,
pay the fees, and submit your application.

Թ Get your port of entry letter of introduction: When

your work permit application for Canada is approved, you’ll
receive an approval letter, also called a port of entry letter
of introduction, that states that you’re allowed to work in
Canada. This letter is NOT your work permit, but you will
need to show it to border officials when you enter Canada,
so remember to bring it with you. You will only receive your
official work permit at your port of entry when you arrive in
Canada.

Learn more: Read our article on how to get a Canadian

work permit for more information on the types of work
permits, eligibility criteria, the application process, your rights
as a TFW, and more.

Applying for a work permit under the

International Experience Class (IEC) program
The International Experience Class (IEC) program allows youth
from certain eligible countries to work and live in Canada for up
to two years. In some cases, individuals who are not residents
of a partner country can also apply for a work permit under the
IEC through a recognized organization, such as AIESEC Canada,
International Association for the Exchange of Students for
Technical Experience (IAESTE), and more.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 34

There are three types of work and travel experiences available
under the IEC program, including:

Թ Working Holiday: This category allows individuals to get

an open work permit so they can work for more than more
employer in Canada, including those in different locations,
while they travel. You don’t require a job offer to apply for a
working holiday visa.

Թ Young Professionals: This category allows young

professionals to get an employer-specific work permit if they
have a valid Canadian job offer that will contribute to their
professional development. With this work permit, you can only
work for one employer in a paid job performed at a specific
job location in Canada.

Թ International Co-op or internship: Post-secondary

students who have a job offer for an internship or work
placement in Canada can qualify for an employer-specific
work permit under this category. In such cases, the internship
or work placement must be aligned with your field of studies
and be a requirement for the completion of your study
program.

4.2 Study permits for international students

A study permit is a document that allows foreign nationals to
study at a designated learning institution (DLI) in Canada. You
can only apply for a study permit after you’ve been accepted by a
university, college, or other academic institution that’s recognized
as a DLI.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 35

Applying for a study permit through the Student Direct
Stream (SDS)

Residents of 14 countries can apply through the Student Direct

Stream (SDS). These include: Antigua and Barbuda, Brazil, China,
Colombia, Costa Rica, India, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines,
Senegal, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago,
and Vietnam. The SDS program typically allows eligible students to
obtain their study permit faster, often in as few as 20 days.

Tip: A Guaranteed Investment Certificate (GIC) of $10,000

CAD (or $11,000 for Quebec) is mandatory if you’re applying
for a study permit through the SDS program. Once you begin
your studies, your GIC will give you access to a guaranteed
source of funds to help cover your educational and living
expenses in Canada.

Eligibility criteria for a Canadian study permit

To apply for a study permit, you’ll need the following documents:

Թ Letter of acceptance from a DLI.

Թ Proof of financial support: You can prove your funds with

documents such as a Guaranteed Investment Certificate
(GIC) from a participating Canadian financial institution (this is
required for the SDS application), bank statements, a student
or education loan, or proof of scholarship or funding.

Թ Proof of identity, including a valid passport or travel

document.

Թ A letter of explanation about why you want to study in

Canada and how the program will help further your career
goals to convince the officer that you understand your
responsibilities as a student.

Թ A certificat d’acceptation du Québec (CAQ), if you want to

study in Quebec.

Թ Medical exam and police certificate (if required)

Թ Other documents specified on the document checklist from

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 36

 your local visa office.

In addition to the document requirements stated above, you must

also meet the following criteria in order to apply through the
Student Direct Stream:

Թ Be a legal resident living in one of the 14 eligible

countries.

Թ Be living outside Canada when you apply.

Թ Have proof of payment for your first-year tuition.

Թ Have a Guaranteed Investment Certificate (GIC) of $10,000

CAD ($11,000 CAD if you plan to study in Quebec).

Թ Have your most recent secondary or post-secondary school

transcript(s).

Թ Have language test results that meet the required

benchmark.

How to apply for a Canadian study permit

Թ Fill out your application: You can fill out and submit your
study permit application online. International students who
are applying through the regular non-SDS pathway can also
use a paper-based application.

Թ Pay processing fee: You’ll need to pay an application

processing fee, as well as the biometrics fee, before
submitting your application. While your application is being
processed, in most cases, you’ll need to provide biometrics
(fingerprints and photo). You may also be required to undergo
a criminal background check and appear for a medical
exam.

Թ Receive your letter of introduction: Once your student

permit application is approved, you’ll receive a letter of

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 37

 introduction. This letter is not your study permit but a
document that you need to show to an officer when you
arrive in Canada. You will also receive an Electronic Travel
Authorization (eTA) or a temporary resident visa to enter
Canada, as required.

Learn more: Read our article on moving to Canada as an

international student for more information about applying for
a study permit.

4.3 Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) after

studying in Canada
As an international student, depending on the study program you
opted for, you may qualify for a Post-Graduation Work Permit
(PGWP) after completing your studies. The validity of your PGWP
depends on the length of your study program and can range
between eight months and three years. A PGWP is an open work
permit that allows you to work for any eligible employer in Canada
or even start your own business. You do not need a job offer to
apply for a PGWP.

Eligibility criteria for a Post Graduation Work Permit

You may be eligible for a PGWP after you graduate if you meet the
below criteria:

Թ You completed a study program offered by a DLI in

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 38

 Canada.

Թ You were a full-time student in Canada throughout your study

program.

Թ Your study program was at least eight months long and led to
a degree, diploma, or certificate.

Թ Your study program was not a French, English as a second

language, general interest, or self-improvement course.

Թ Your study permit was valid at some point within the last 180
days, you have a valid visitor record, or you submitted an
application to extend your study permit or to change your
status to “visitor” before your study permit expired and your
application is still pending.

How to apply for a Post Graduation Work Permit

Once your study program is complete and you receive your

degree, diploma, transcript, or official letter from your school,
you have 180 days to apply for a PGWP. You can create an IRCC
account to pay the application fees and submit your PGWP
application online.

Learn more: Read our article on how to get a Post-

Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) for more information.

4.4 Settling in Canada permanently after

studying or working
When you move to Canada to study or work temporarily, once
your temporary residence permit expires, you can either return to
your home country or apply for permanent residence and stay in
Canada.

There are many advantages to using temporary immigration

pathways, such as study permits and work permits, as a stepping
stone to permanent residence, including:

Թ Extra CRS points for Canadian work experience and

education: Many PR programs award additional points for
Canadian educational credentials or work experience. For
instance, with one year of Canadian work experience, you

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 39

 can get 35 additional CRS points if you apply for PR under the
Express Entry program or through a PNP program. If you have
five or more years of Canadian work experience, you can get
up to 70 additional CRS points.

Թ Dedicated immigration streams for individuals with

Canadian education and work experience: Working
in Canada for at least one year may also help you qualify for
the Canadian Experience Class program under Express Entry
and certain PNP programs that require Canadian experience.
Some PNP programs also have international graduate streams
that are meant exclusively for applicants who’ve completed
a study program within a specific province and earned a
degree, diploma, or certificate there.

Թ Experience life in Canada before you decide to settle

here: Living in Canada temporarily gives you a taste of life
here, including the work environment, job market, culture, and
cost of living.

Թ Easier to qualify for temporary residence: It’s usually

easier to qualify for a study permit or work permit compared
to permanent residence.

Թ Shorter application processing time: The application

processing time for temporary residence permits is
significantly shorter compared to PR applications.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Temporary residence pathways 40

5. Applying for
immigration to Canada
5.1 Dos and don’ts while applying for
immigration to Canada

Do Don’t

Check if you qualify for Apply to multiple immigration

a particular immigration programs without checking if
program before you apply. you’re eligible. All programs
have an application
Gather essential documents
processing fee, which won’t
well in advance.
be refunded if you don’t
Double-check the qualify.
information you put in your
Wait until the deadline to
immigration application
look for documents. Some
and submit all required
documents can take months
documents.
to procure.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 41

 Do Don’t

Hire a licensed immigration Lie on your immigration

consultant if your situation application or submit
is complicated or if your visa misleading or false
or PR application has been documents.
refused before..
Hire an unlicensed
Keep application timelines immigration consultant to
in mind. Be sure to respond help with your application.
to your ITA and submit your
Leave tasks for the last
biometrics within the allotted
minute. Your application
time.
may be rejected if you don’t
Update your skills and start complete all required actions
networking while you wait in a timely manner.
for your application to be
Wait till you arrive in Canada
processed.
to start your job search.
Research the province or city
Move to Canada unprepared.
you’re landing in, including
The cost of living, culture,
the cost of living, job market,
languages, and in-demand
culture, etc.
jobs in each city are different.
Budget for your first few
Rely on settlement funds to
months in Canada before
be sufficient to cover your
your arrival.
cost of living.

5.2 How much does it cost to immigrate to

Canada?
Moving to a new country is not only a huge life decision but also
requires a substantial financial commitment. The total cost of
immigration varies based on the immigration program you choose.

Cost of applying for immigration to Canada through

Express Entry and PNP

Tip: The figures outlined here only include the cost of filing
an immigration application. In addition, you’ll need to budget
for your flight, accommodation, and other living expenses in
Canada. Use Arrive’s Cost of Living calculator to plan your
finances as you prepare for your life in Canada.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 42

Generally speaking, as an individual applicant, you would need
approximately $15,500 CAD to immigrate to Canada. Couples
need around $21,000 CAD while families with children will require
between $25,000 to $30,000 CAD. This includes application
cost and proof of funds. The table below provides a detailed
breakdown of expected immigration costs.

Last updated in February 2022; all figures in CAD.

Couple + Couple +
Fee Type Notes Individual Couple
1 Child 2 Children
Language tests (IELTS,
Average cost. $300 $600 $600 $600
CELPIP, TEF, or TCF)

Cost excluding
Educational Credential
international courier $200 $400 $400 $400
Evaluation (ECA)
delivery charges.

Charges for two or

more people remain
the same, provided
Biometrics $85 $170 $170 $170
all members are
applying at the same
time and place.

Average cost; fee

Medical exams $100 $200 $300 $400
varies by country.

Application processing fee $825 $1,650 $1,875 $2,100

Right of permanent
$500 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
residence fee

Miscellaneous fees (police

certificate, transcripts, Average (assumed)
$250 $500 $600 $700
courier delivery, photos, cost.
notaries, translations, etc.)

Not applicable for

Settlement funds (this is CEC applicants
not an expense to be paid, or FSW and FST
$13,213 $16,449 $20,222 $24,553
you must prove you have applicants with a
these funds available) valid job offer in
Canada.

TOTAL $15,473 $20,969 $25,167 $29,923

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 43

Provincial Nominee Program applicants are required to pay
additional application fees, ranging between $0 and $2000,
depending on the province they are applying to.

Cost of applying for a Canadian study permit for

international students

Tip: In addition to these costs, you will need to budget for

your flight, accommodation, health insurance, and other
student living expenses in Canada. Use Arrive’s Cost of
Studying in Canada calculator to plan your student finances
as you prepare for your life in Canada.

Calculating the total cost of applying for a student permit is slightly

complex as universities and colleges have different application
fees. You must be accepted into a Canadian Designated Learning
Institution to be able to apply for a study permit. Here’s a broad
overview of the costs you can expect:

Last updated in February 2022; all figures in CAD.

Fee Type Notes Cost per individual

Processing fees are charged by the

university and are non-refundable,
University/college application fees irrespective of whether or not you get Ranges between $100 to $500
accepted. Note that some colleges
don’t charge an application fee.

Study permit application fee Application processing fee. $150

Charges for two or more people

remain the same, provided all Individual: $85
Biometrics fee
members are applying at the same 2 or more people: $170
time and place.

Language testing (if required) Average cost: $300

The fee varies by country.

Medical exams (if required)
Average cost: $100

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 44

Miscellaneous expenses (police
certificate, transcripts, courier
Average (assumed) cost: $250
delivery, photos, notaries,
translations, etc.)

Average annual tuition 2021/2022

for university programs:

Թ Undergraduate program:
$33,623

Թ Post-graduate program:
$21,120

Թ MBA program: $86,000

Varies by programs/courses and the
Tuition fees Average annual tuition 2021/2022
college or university you enrol with.
for college programs:

Թ Certificate: $15,000-
27,000

Թ Diploma: $13,500-17,500

Թ Advanced Diploma: $12,000-

18,300

Թ Degrees: $12,000-19,000

If your province doesn’t provide

Health insurance publicly-funded healthcare to $600 to $1,000 per year
international students.

Funds to support your stay and/or a If your province doesn’t provide All provinces except Quebec:
Guaranteed Investment Certificate publicly-funded healthcare to $10,000 per year.
(GIC) international students. In Quebec: $11,000 per year

Note: Having a GIC account with a minimum of $10,000

CAD at a participating Canadian financial institution is a
mandatory requirement for the SDS. If you have confirmation
of enrollment from a Canadian university or college, connect
with an RBC Advisor to open your GIC and begin your student
journey.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 45

Cost of applying for a Canadian work permit

Your work permit application cost will depend on whether you’re

applying for an open or employer-specific work permit. Here’s a
breakdown of the expected application costs:

Fee type Cost per individual ($ CAD)

Work permit application fee (base

fee, regardless of the type of work $155
permit you’re applying for)

Open Work Permit Holder Fee $100

Biometrics fee $85

The fee varies by country; The

Medical exam, if required
average cost is $100

5.3 Tips for choosing the ideal immigration

program
Choosing an immigration program that’s right for you can be
confusing. In this section, we share some tips to help you find the
ideal program for your situation.

Learn about the various immigration programs Canada

offers

The Canadian government offers several different immigration

options to attract newcomers with a wide range of skills,
work experience, qualifications, and objectives. In addition to
immigration programs for skilled workers, there are also streams
for entrepreneurs and self-employed professionals, caregivers,
and international students who’ve studied in Canada. Many
provinces and regions also have their own immigration programs
to attract talented individuals who can contribute to the local
economy.

Before choosing an immigration program, make sure you know

your options, based on your background, where you wish to live in
Canada, and whether you want to settle here.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 46

 Tip: Download our newcomer’s guide to Canada’s provinces
and territories to learn about the job market, climate, culture,
and lifestyle in various parts of Canada before choosing a
province to settle in.

Choose between temporary and permanent residence

Many newcomers know that their ultimate objective is to settle

down in Canada while some are clear that they wish to return to
their home country after studying or working in Canada for a few
years. Others may not yet have made up their mind and may want
to experience life in Canada before deciding whether they wish to
settle here permanently.

If you plan to return home after a short stint in Canada or aren’t

sure if you want to move to Canada permanently, getting a study
permit or work permit may be the best approach for you. If you’ve
already decided to live in Canada permanently, PR pathways might
suit your needs better.

Check your eligibility for permanent residence

The Express Entry program and many PNP programs use CRS
scores to select qualified candidates. You can use the CRS
score calculator on the Canadian government website to get an
estimate of your CRS score, based on some simple questions
about your education, work experience, age, language abilities,
and other factors. Once you have your projected CRS score, check
the recent draw cut-offs to get an idea about your chances of
qualifying.

Your Express Entry profile remains in the candidate pool for up to a

year after you submit it, so if you think you might meet the cut-off
later in the year after submission, Express Entry could be the right
stream for you.

Tip: If your projected CRS score is a little less than the

current Express Entry cut-off, you may be able to improve
it by retaking your language proficiency test to get a better
score, taking an eligible test for a second language (English or

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 47

 French), or securing a job offer from a Canadian employer.

Besides the CRS score, check other eligibility criteria for the
various immigration programs you’re interested in. Many programs,
including certain Provincial Nominee Programs and the Atlantic
Immigration Program, require candidates to secure a job offer
from a provincial employer. If you’re still in the early stages of
your application, do some research to determine whether your
occupation is in demand in your target provinces or regions. This
will help you understand how easy or difficult it will be to get a job
offer to improve your application.

If you don’t meet the qualification criteria for PR programs, don’t

worry, you may be able to qualify for temporary residence and
apply for permanent residence after you’ve gained some Canadian
work experience or educational credentials.

Learn more: Read our article series on in-demand jobs in

Canada for more information on key industries, in-demand
occupations, and median salaries in various Canadian
provinces and territories.

Check your eligibility for a study permit or work permit

If you plan to move to Canada to study, make a list of top

universities and colleges, as well as key study programs you’re
interested in. Check the admission requirements for each study
program to determine whether you’ll qualify.

If you’re interested in working in Canada temporarily, you’ll need

a job offer from a Canadian employer to qualify for an employer-
specific work permit. The first step, in this case, would be to start
looking for suitable employment opportunities in Canada. You can
focus your efforts by identifying regions where your skills are in-
demand and networking with potential employers to get access to
the hidden job market.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 48

 Tip: Download our guides on finding your career in Canada
and networking for newcomers for tips and resources on
building your professional network, creating a Canadian-style
resume, preparing for interviews, and landing a job in Canada.

Factors to keep in mind before applying for a study

permit

If your goal is to eventually apply for permanent residence but you

don’t qualify for PR programs yet, moving to Canada on a study
permit may be an attractive alternative. However, this pathway
may not be ideal for everyone. Here are some questions to ask
yourself before you apply for a study permit:

Թ Will a Canadian degree improve your employability in Canada

or the global market?

Թ Does studying in Canada as an international student fit your

budget? Will you qualify for a scholarship or other funding
support for your study program?

Թ Will the study program help you qualify for a Post-Graduation

Work Permit (PGWP)?

Թ Will you qualify for PR after completing your study

program?

If your answer to these questions is yes, studying in Canada may

be the right path for you and you can get started with your school
application process.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 49

 Tip: Hiring an immigration
consultant is not a
requirement and it also
does not mean that
your application will be
prioritized or approved
by the Government of
Canada. However, hiring
an immigration consultant
can make the application
process simpler for you
and reduce the likelihood
of errors.

5.4 How to choose the right immigration

consultant
Many applicants hire an immigration consultant to help them
choose the right immigration program and to submit their
applications. An immigration consultant is an individual or
organization you hire to provide advice, guidance, or support in
completing and submitting immigration or citizenship applications.
Not everyone is authorized to offer these services and, in
countries like Canada, the profession is highly regulated.

Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultants (RCICs) are

authorized to charge a fee to provide advice, representation, or
to submit your Canadian immigration application on your behalf.
Regulated International Student Immigration Advisors (or RISIAs)
can offer guidance for study permits but cannot fill out or submit
your application on your behalf. RISIAs are typically based in
Canada and affiliated with a specific learning institution.

Immigration lawyers, who are regulated by the Canadian Bar

Association, can also offer advice and representation for Canadian
immigration applications.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 50

Finding the right immigration consultant

Tip: You can choose an immigration consultant based in your

home country, in Canada, or anywhere else, as long as they
are registered with the College of Immigration and Citizenship
Consultants (CICC).

If you choose to work with an immigration consultant, it’s

important to find someone who is legitimate and trustworthy. Here
are some tips to help you find the right immigration consultant:

Թ Ask for recommendations: Ask your family members or

friends who’ve previously visited or moved to Canada about
their experience with immigration consultants they worked
with.

Թ Check their licence number or authorization: The

Government of Canada will not deal with unauthorized
consultants, so be sure to select a licensed immigration
consultant to help with your application. You can search for a
licensed Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant (RCIC)
or Regulated International Student Immigration Advisors
(RISIA) in the CICC register. Through this database, you’ll also
be able to verify whether the consultant you’ve shortlisted is
in good standing with the CICC and make sure no complaints
have been filed against them.

Թ Ask about their training and experience: When

shortlisting suitable consultants, be sure to ask about their
education, certification, and years of experience. You can
also ask them to share references of other applicants they’ve
helped in the past whom you can speak to for an honest
review.

Թ Ask about their services and fee: The fees charged

by consultants can vary based on the immigration program
you choose, the services you require, and the country the
consultant is based in. It’s good to clarify how much your
consultant will charge for the services you need and get
quotes from others to make sure you’re not overcharged.

Թ Get a written contract: When you hire a consultant, it’s

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 51

 important to get a written contract that includes all the terms
that you discussed, including what they’ll provide and the fee
you’ll pay. Read the contract carefully before you sign.

Tip: Red flags to watch out for while hiring an immigration

consultant for Canada:

• Reluctance to verify their authenticity or share their CICC

identification number.

• Inability to fill and submit an application on your behalf, if

needed (except RISIAs).

• Contract terms that seem too good to be true, such as a

fee that’s much lower than the market price.

• Guarantees regarding your application being accepted.

• Encouraging you to provide false information on your

application.

• Irregular payment terms, such as asking for cash or wire

payments.

• Refusal to provide a written contract.

• Asking you to sign blank documents or documents you

haven’t read.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Applying for immigration to Canada 52

Preparing for your
move to Canada
Wrapping up your life in your home country and moving several
thousand miles away to a new city requires preparation and
planning. You’ll need to pack up your belongings, dispose of items
you don’t want to take with you, book your flight tickets, book
temporary accommodation, and much more. You should learn
about how banking and finances work in Canada and start the
process of opening a bank account pre-arrival.

In this section, we cover some of the essential documents you

should bring with you and give you an overview of settlement
services that are available to help newcomers adapt to their new
life in Canada.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Preparing for your move to Canada 53

6.1 Essential documents to bring with you to
Canada

Tip: As you start gathering essential documents, make

sure that they are all up-to-date and have been translated
into English or French. Some documents can take a while to
obtain, so it helps to not wait until the last minute.

When you start preparing for your move to Canada, you’ll need
to gather essential documents to bring with you. Some of these
may be required at the port of entry to Canada, while others may
be needed for various tasks like filing taxes, finding employment,
enrollment in schools, getting a driver’s license, and more, during
the course of settling in. We’ve created a checklist of all the
documents you should bring with you while moving to Canada.

Documents that may be required at the Canadian port

of entry

Թ A Canadian immigrant visa or temporary visa along with a

study or work permit letter of introduction.

Թ A valid passport or other travel documents.

Թ Proof of settlement funds, if required.

Թ If you’re moving to Canada as a permanent resident, you’ll

also need your COPR and two copies each of Forms BSF186
(form B4) and BSF186A (form B4A), also known as settler’s
effects list.

Թ If you’re coming to Canada on a study permit, you’ll need your

letter of acceptance into a DLI.

Թ If you’re moving to Canada as a Temporary Foreign Worker,

you’ll need your job offer.

Թ Prescription medicines along with valid prescriptions.

Other essential documents for your life in Canada

Թ For employment: Your resume, reference letters from

previous employers, Educational Credential Evaluation (ECA)
result.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Preparing for your move to Canada 54

 Թ For higher education: Your educational transcripts, language
test results.

Թ To enrol your children in school: their birth certificates, school

records, and immunization records.

Թ Financial documents: Your tax forms or tax returns from

your home country, a record of any current foreign income,
properties, or investments.

Թ Travel and temporary health insurance.

Թ Medical records.

Թ Driving license from your home country and a driving extract,

if applicable

Թ Marriage certificate and/or divorce/separation/custody

papers

Tip: Download our free, editable resume and cover letter

templates to craft an impressive Canadian resume that will
land you a job.

6.2 Sign up for pre-arrival settlement services

All permanent residents and their family members who are
approved to come to Canada can register for pre-arrival
settlement services to prepare for and adjust to life in Canada.
These services are provided by the Canadian government and are
available for free to approved newcomers.

Pre-arrival services can help you prepare for your move to

Canada, connect with employers to find a job, get your education
and experience credentials recognized, or connect with free
services after you arrive in Canada.

Pre-arrival organizations help you get information on how to move

to, live and work in Canada. They can also assess your needs and
create a personalized plan to help you settle in Canada.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Preparing for your move to Canada 55

Eligibility criteria for pre-arrival settlement services
Pre-arrival services can
You can register for free in-person or virtual pre-arrival settlement
help you prepare for your
services, if:
move to Canada, connect
Թ Your permanent residence (PR) application has been with employers to find a
approved; job, get your education
and experience credentials
Թ You currently are residing/living outside Canada;
recognized, or connect
Թ You have one of these documents: with free services after
you arrive in Canada.
Թ A letter from the IRCC mentioning that you are eligible for
pre-arrival services.

Թ A Confirmation of PR (CoPR) letter.

Թ A passport request letter that indicates PR visa

issuance.

Թ A letter from IRCC asking for your medical exam

results.

Թ A single-entry PR visa.

Թ A letter from IRCC letting you know that you can pick up
your PR visa.

List of pre-arrival settlement agencies

Some government-funded settlement services providers include:

For settlement and For career or job search

general support support

Planning for Canada Canada InfoNet

Next Stop Canada ACCES Employment

Active Engagement and Integration Global Onboarding of Talent Initiative

Project (AEIP) (GO Talent) (for IT professionals)

Achēv NIC (Newcomer Information

BuildON (in Ontario)
Centre) Online

Connexions Francophones
Settlement Online Pre-Arrival (SOPA)
(in French)

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Preparing for your move to Canada 56

Key takeaways
Now that you have reviewed this guide, you have the tools you
need to start your immigration journey for Canada. The resources
in this guide will help you understand the various immigration
programs Canada offers and identify ones that best fit your
situation. Whether you’re filing your immigration application
on your own or with the help of an immigration consultant, you
should now be equipped with the information you need to move to
Canada and arrive prepared to start your new life here.

Key takeaways:
Թ Check the eligibility criteria for various immigration
programs before you apply: Each immigration program
has distinct qualification criteria. Be sure to check if you
qualify before submitting an application.

Թ Temporary residence can be a pathway to PR:

Getting a study permit or work permit can be a great way to

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Key takeaways 57

 get Canadian educational credentials or work experience.
Many immigration programs award extra points for Canadian
experience or education, making it easier to qualify.

Թ The cost of immigration is more than just the

application fee: Many immigration programs require you to
show proof of settlement funds, in addition to the application
processing fees you’ll be paying. While estimating the cost
of moving to Canada, be sure to factor in living expenses for
your first six months in Canada.

Թ Hiring an immigration consultant is optional: Hiring

an immigration consultant does not mean that your application
will be prioritized or approved by the Canadian government.
You have the option of submitting your application on your
own, but working with an immigration consultant can make
the process easier, especially if your situation is complicated
or if your visa or PR application has been refused before.

By using the information provided in this guide to apply for

temporary or permanent residence programs, you will be well-
placed to fulfill your dream of moving to Canada.

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Key takeaways 58

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Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Sources 59

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Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Sources 61

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Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Sources 62

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Services for Newcomers to Canada
Government of Canada (2022) | Work in Canada
https://niconline.ca/
After You Graduate: About the Process
Connexions Francophones (2022) | Home
https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-
refugees-citizenship/services/study-canada/ http://www.connexions-francophones.ca/en/
work/after-graduation/about.html
JVS Toronto (2022) | Canada Infonet: Connecting
Statistics Canada (2021) | Tuition Fee for Degree You to Careers in Canada
Programs, 2021/2022
https://www.jvstoronto.org/pre-arrival/
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-
ACCES Employment (2022) | Canadian
quotidien/210908/dq210908a-eng.htm
Employment Connections
College of Immigration and Citizenship
http://www.accesemployment.ca/planning-your-
Consultants (2022) | Home
move-to-canada
https://www.college-ic.ca/
Information and Communications Technology
College of Immigration and Citizenship Council (2017) | GO Talent Initiative
Consultants (2022) | Find an Immigration
https://www.ictc-ctic.ca/go-talent-initiative-
Consultant
ebook-series-to-connect-ieps-employers/
https://www.college-ic.ca/protecting-the-public/
BuildOn | Home
find-an-immigration-consultant
https://www.buildonbatit.com/en/Home
College of Immigration and Citizenship
Consultants (2021) | Active Regulated Settlement Online Pre-Arrival | Arrive Prepared
International Student Immigration Advisors to Work in Canada

https://www.college-ic.ca/ICCRC/Assets/ https://arriveprepared.ca/
Documents/RISIA%20List%20as%20of%20

Guide on Immigrating to Canada – Sources 63