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Unit 3 Study Guide - Cell Structure and Function

This document provides a study guide for a unit on cell structure and function. It lists resources for students to review, including handouts, lectures, videos, and practice questions. The questions cover topics like cell organelles, membrane structure and transport, osmosis, and endocytosis. There are 25 multiple choice practice questions on membrane transport mechanisms like passive transport, active transport, and endocytosis.

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weijun wu
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63 views

Unit 3 Study Guide - Cell Structure and Function

This document provides a study guide for a unit on cell structure and function. It lists resources for students to review, including handouts, lectures, videos, and practice questions. The questions cover topics like cell organelles, membrane structure and transport, osmosis, and endocytosis. There are 25 multiple choice practice questions on membrane transport mechanisms like passive transport, active transport, and endocytosis.

Uploaded by

weijun wu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 3 - Cell Structure and Function Study Guide

Study Resources:
Handouts and worksheets:
- Unit 3 Cell Membrane Structure and Transport Handout
Teams:
- 4 Lectures to review
- Find on Teams in the “General Channel - Files” tab. Then click “Class materials,”
“Unit Materials,” and look in the folder called “Unit 3.”
- Videos - HELP Folder
- Vocabulary Review Lists - HELP Folder
- MCQ Practice - Unit 3 Cell Transport in MCQ Folder

Past Quiz and Test:


- Cell Membrane Structure Quiz
Extras:
- GimKit Game or Gizmo Flashcards (Links in Teams Chat)

Practice Questions:
Cells Types and Cell Organelles:
1. Compare and Contrast the terms Prokaryote and Eukaryote.

2. What are some of the cell structures that prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

3. Where is the DNA in a prokaryotic cell?

4. What does it mean to have “membrane bound” organelles in the eukaryotic cell?

5. All organelles in a cell have a specific _________, which determines their specific______

6. What membrane bound organelles do only PLANT cells have?

7. What double membrane bound organelle contains DNA inside it and controls the cell?

8. What membrane bound organelle has two types (rough/smooth); rough helps make and fold
proteins and the smooth’s function is to make lipids/remove toxins?

9. What organelle is flexible, surrounds the cell and is semi-permeable?

10. Which double membrane bound organelle in plant and animal cells produces and supplies
energy to the cell?

11. Which membrane bound organelle breaks down worn out cell parts or fights foreign invaders
in the cell?
12. What is the membrane bound organelle in a cell that modifies and packages the proteins
after they are made and sends them where they need to go?

13. What membrane bound organelle transports materials around the cell or out of the cell?

14. What non-membrane bound organelle makes proteins and can be free (protein goes outside
of the cell) or bounded (protein is used inside the cell)?

15. What is the name of the fluid inside the cell that is made of water and salt and surrounds all
organelles?

16. What is the name of the fluid inside the cell that is made of water and salt and surrounds all
organelles, except the nucleus?

17. What membrane bound organelle is used for storage of water, food and waste inside the
cell?

18.What non-membrane bound organelle gives shape and structure to the inside of the cell and
helps with cell movement. It is made up of microtubules, intermediate filaments, and
microfilaments?

19. What double layered membrane protects the Nucleus from invaders?

20. What double membrane bound organelle uses sunlight to make energy for the plant cell
through the process of Photosynthesis?

21. The goal of all these organelles working together in the cell is to make what end product?

Endosymbiotic Theory - The Origin of Eukaryotic Cells Hint: FRQ


1. What is the Endosymbiotic Theory?

2. What structural characteristic evidence about the Mitochondria and Chloroplast make it
possible that they were once a prokaryotic cell?

Surface area to Volume Ratio: Hint: FRQ


1. What two factors affect cell size?

2. What does high surface area to volume ratio mean?

3. How can adequate surface area to cell volume be achieved?

4. Why does a cell need adequate surface area to volume ratio?


Cell Membrane Structure:
1. Label the fluid mosaic model.

2. Describe a phospholipid.

3. What is a phospholipid bilayer?

4. Explain what makes phospholipids and integral proteins called amphipathic.

5. Describe the function of Peripheral proteins, Integral proteins (channel /carrier proteins),
Carbohydrates/Polysaccharides (glycoproteins and glycolipids) and Cholesterol for the cell
membrane.

6. Why is the cell membrane important to the cell?

7. Is the cell membrane fully permeable or selectively permeable? Why?

8.. What impacts the cell membrane's fluidity?

9. The presence of _______ reduces membrane fluidity by reducing phospholipid movement at


moderate temperatures, but it also reduces solidification at low temperatures.

Membrane transport: Hint FRQ


1. What is the difference between passive and active transport?

2. What is diffusion?

3. What is facilitated diffusion?

4. _________ is the movement of water from a higher water concentration to a lower water
concentration and requires no energy to occur.

5. Water passes quickly through the membrane because it moves through a specific protein for
water called ____________.

6. Why does water move passively between the cell membranes?

7. The water moves what direction when a cell is in a hypertonic solution/environment?

8. The water moves what direction when a cell is in a hypotonic solution/environment?

9. Does water move when a cell has reached equilibrium?

10. What molecules pass through the phospholipid bilayer membrane (not using proteins) most
easily?
11. Does Osmosis occur if a cell is placed in an isotonic solution?

12. Why must tissues or organs used in medical procedures be placed in a solution with the
same tonicity as the cytoplasm?

13. If inside a cell has a solute concentration of 5% in its cytoplasm and the surrounding
environment solute concentration is 3%, what direction will the water move? Into the cell or out
of the cell?

14. What is it called when a cell shrivels because too much water has left the cell?

15. What is it called when a cell swells and bursts because too much water entered the cell?

16. Plants cells don’t burst from too much water entering the cell because they have what
organelle?

17. An animal cell reaches homeostasis at which tonicity?

18. A plant cell reaches homeostasis at which tonicity?

19. What is turgor pressure?

20. When a concentration gradient occurs and energy is needed to transport particles across the
membrane from low to high concentrations this is called what type of transport?

21. Directly using a source of chemical energy (e.g., ATP) to move molecules across a membrane
against/up their gradient. (Example: Na+/K+ Pump - sodium potassium pump) is called?

22. Uses an electrochemical gradient that is generated by another molecule's flow to move
molecules against/ up their gradient (Example: Glucose & Sodium pump). It’s called?

23. _______ is when energy is needed to actively transport material into a cell?

24. A type of endocytosis, known as cell eating, is the process by which cells engulf large
particles or cells, like damaged cells and bacteria is called?

25. A type of endocytosis, known as cell drinking, the cell takes in substances from the
extracellular fluid that it needs to function (nutrients) is called?

26. _______ is when energy is needed to actively transport material out of a cell?

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