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Lecture 13 - Conditionals and Iteration - 5301

The summary discusses conditionals, iteration, and random selection based on a lecture about NumPy: 1) Comparison operators and boolean expressions are used to control program flow with conditional statements like if. Summing arrays of booleans counts the True values. 2) for loops iterate over elements in a list or array, executing indented code once for each element. They can perform a computation repeatedly or for each item in a collection. 3) np.random.choice samples randomly from an array with or without replacement, selecting a specified number of elements.

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32 views

Lecture 13 - Conditionals and Iteration - 5301

The summary discusses conditionals, iteration, and random selection based on a lecture about NumPy: 1) Comparison operators and boolean expressions are used to control program flow with conditional statements like if. Summing arrays of booleans counts the True values. 2) for loops iterate over elements in a list or array, executing indented code once for each element. They can perform a computation repeatedly or for each item in a collection. 3) np.random.choice samples randomly from an array with or without replacement, selecting a specified number of elements.

Uploaded by

leo7075375118
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 13

Conditionals and Iteration


Announcements
● Lab 4 will be due on Oct 4th before class;
● HW 4 will be due this Friday.
Announcements
Comparison and Booleans
Comparison Operators
The result of a comparison expression is a bool value

x = 2 y = Assignment
3 statements

x > 1 x > y y >= 3


Comparison
expressions
x == y x != 2 2 < x < 5
Aggregating Comparisons
Summing an array or list of bool values will count the True
values only.

1 + 0 + 1 == 2
True + False + True == 2
sum([1 , 0 , 1 ]) == 2
sum([True, False, True]) == 2
(Demo)
Applying a Function to a Row
Rows
A row of a table has items and can be aggregated.
r = t.row(0) # r is the row at index 0
r.item(1) # item can take an index or label
sum(r) # Also: np.average, min, max, etc.
Apply with One Argument
t.apply(f) for a table t and function f creates an array of
the results of applying f to each row of t.
E.g., t.apply(sum) would return the sum of each row as
an array.

(Demo)
Control Statements
Control Statements
These statements control the sequence of computations
that are performed in a program

● The keywords if and for begin control statements

● The purpose of if is to define functions that choose


different behavior based on their arguments

(Demo)
Random Selection
Random Selection
np.random.choice
● Selects uniformly at random
● with replacement
● from an array,
● a specified number of times

np.random.choice(some_array, sample_size)
(Demo)
Appending Arrays
A Longer Array
● np.append(array_1, value)
○ new array with value appended to array_1
○ value has to be of the same type as elements of
array_1
● np.append(array_1, array_2)
○ new array with array_2 appended to array_1
○ array_2 elements must have the same type as
array_1 elements
(Demo)
Iteration
for Statements
● for is a keyword that begins a multiline for statement.
● Executing a for statement performs a computation for
every element in a list or array.
● A common special case is to perform a computation a
fixed number of times.

(Demo)
Anatomy of a for loop
Example:
variable name array of values
for item in some_array:
indent print(item)
[

code to evaluate in each iteration of for loop


Optional: Advanced where
A Closer Look at where
t.where(array_of_bool_values)

returns a table
with only the rows of t for which
the corresponding bool is True.

(Demo)

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