THE SENDAI FRAMEWORK

FOR DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION : TARGETS
THE SENDAI FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION

The Sendai Framework on Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030) is an

ambitious agreement that sets out the overall objective to substantially
reduce disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihoods and health and in the
economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets of
persons, businesses, communities and countries.
GOAL

Prevent new and reduce existing disaster risk through the

implementation of integrated and inclusive economic, structural, legal,
social, health, cultural, educational, environmental, technological,
political and institutional measures that prevent and reduce hazard
exposure and vulnerability to disaster, increase preparedness for
response and recovery, and thus strengthen resilience.
TARGETS
• Substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030, aiming to lower
average per 100,000 global mortality between 2020 and 2030
compared to 2005–2015;

• Substantially reduce the number of affected people globally by 2030,

aiming to lower the average global figure per 100,000 between 2020
and 2030 compared to 2005–2015;
• Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation to global gross
domestic product by 2030;

• Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and

disruption of basic services, among them health and educational
facilities, including through developing their resilience by 2030;

• Substantially increase the number of countries with national and local

disaster risk reduction strategies by 2020;
• Substantially enhance international cooperation to developing
countries through adequate and sustainable support to complement
their national actions for implementation of the framework by 2030;

• Substantially increase the availability of and access to multi-hazard

early warning systems and disaster risk information and assessments
to the people by 2030.
THANK YOU
Common Disaster Types In India

20-Aman K. Shihab 35-Ashwin MS 66-Joju Jose 43-Ayisha EA 30-Anupam a RH

63-Jobin Sebastian 24-Angel Shaju 60-Hiitwik NE 42-Athul Kiishna KR
8-Aditya Navin N a i i
Overview
India in her history has seen her share of disasters of various types and various
magnitudes resulting in geographical, cultural, climatic changes.

Here we’ll be taking a look at a few of them, and understand about them.
 Water and Climate Related Disasters
● Water and climate has two faces, it can either be your friend or foe.
● Water has its uses, but when we hinder it’s flow it can create trouble.
● Climate, like water, can be kind to you or mean to you. Again treat it properly and we’ll
be safe
● What happens when both decides to act like a foe? A disaster!
● So let’s take a look at a few of the disasters caused due to water and climate
 Floods and Drainage Management
● Causes of floods
○ Heavy Precipitation
○ Severe winds over water
○ Unusual high tides
○ Tsunamis
○ Failure of dams
○ Poor permeability of soil
● Effects of flood
○ Endangers human life and properties
○ Damages aquatic ecosystems
○ Financial Losses
○ Outbreak of water-borne diseases
 Flood and Drainage Management
● Why should we be bothered?
○ India is flood prone due to the nature of ecological systems
○ Average rainfall in India is 1150 mm
○ Average rainfall along western coast and western ghats is 2500mm
● Flood Control in India
○ Rashtriya Barh Ayog, National Commision on Floods
 Cyclones
● India’s 7516 kms of coastline is prone to about 10% of cyclones in the world.
● Our Islands and states with a coastline is more prone to cyclones.
● Risk of serious loss or damage arises from severe winds, heavy rainfall, storm surges and
river floods
● Our Arabian Sea coast and Bay Of Bengal Coast sees an average of 5 to 6 cyclones every
year.
 Tornadoes & Hurricanes
● A tornado is a narrow, violently rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to
the ground.

● Tornado’s can result in large scale destruction of human life and property.

● Tornadoes are most likely to occur during the late afternoon of the pre-monsoon months in
northeast India or Bangladesh.
 Hailstorms
● Hail is a form of solid precipitation.
● Generally occurs in cold weather. Ice pellets fall to the ground
● Hail becomes very small when temperatures fall below -30° C, Around thunderstorms, hail is
most likely within the cloud at elevations above 20,000 ft (6,100 m).
● Hail can cause serious damage, notably to automobiles, aircraft, skylights, glass-roofed
structures, livestock, and most commonly, crops. Hail damage to roofs often goes unnoticed
until further structural damage is seen, such as leaks or cracks.

● In India, hailstorms mostly affect the northeast and western Himalayas, with the maximum
strikes in March and April. Hailstorm is a severe weather phenomenon, which causes
extensive damage to crops, property and livestock.
 Cloudburst
● A cloudburst is an extreme amount of precipitation in a short period of time, sometimes
accompanied by hail and thunder, which is capable of creating flood conditions.

● Unprecedented amounts of rain in a short span of time will obviously cause trouble.

● In 2021 it happened in the southern coast of India.

 Heat Wave
● A heat wave, or heatwave, is a period of excessively hot weather, which may be
accompanied by high humidity, especially in oceanic climate countries.

● Mortality, power outages, wildfires, psychological effects can occur due to heat wave.

● Heat wave generally occurs over plains of northwest India, Central, East & north Peninsular
India during March to June.
 Cold Wave
● A cold wave is a weather phenomenon that is distinguished by a cooling of the air.

● Causes death and injury to wildlife, difficulty in firefighting due to water freezing etc.

● North, northwest, northeast India are very much prone to cold waves.
 Snow Avalanche
● An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a hill or a mountainside.
● Avalanches can be set off spontaneously by snowpack weakening or earthquakes.
● Slab avalanches - made of tightly packed snow
● Loose snow avalanches- made by loosely packed snow
● Avalanche of 24 April 2021:
○ Indo-China border avalanche
○ Triggered by breaking of glacier
○ At least 8 died and 384 rescued
 Drought
● What is drought?- Drought is a prolonged dry period in the natural climate cycle that can
occur anywhere in the world.

● Causes- Deficiency of rainfall, the timing and distribution of this deficiency.

● Durations- Varies drastically from weeks to months to years.
● Major impacts- Malnutrition due to hindered agricultural activities, increased risk of
contagious diseases (cholera, diarrhea), mental stress, disruption of health services.

● The Indian scenario:

○ 68% of drought prone land.
○ Rainfall between 750 mm and 1125mm considered drought prone
○ Rainfall less than 750 mm is considered to be chronically drought prone.
The effect of scorching heat ->
 Sea Erosion/Coastal Erosion
● Loss or displacement of land, rocks, sediments along coastline
● Causes- waves, current, tides, wind
● Sea-walls provide a degree of protection
● Almost 32% of India’s coastline underwent erosion from 1990 - 2018

<- Sea-wall to prevent erosion

 Lightning and Thunder
● Lightning is a discharge of electricity.
● Heats up surrounding air upto 30,000°C which
causes a booming sound wave, thunder
● Colliding particles in clouds create imbalance
in electrical charges which in turn lead to
lightning
● Average lightning bolt carries 30,000 amps of
charge and upto 10,000 volts of potential.
● In 2021, India recorded a 23% increase in
lightning episodes.
 Tsunami
● A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that
sends surges of water onto land.
● Caused by undersea earthquakes at tectonic
plates.
● Most tsunamis occur at Pacific Ocean’s ‘Ring
of fire’.
● The last tsunami in India was on 26
December 2004, in the Indian Ocean. It took
In pic. The spoils of the
the lives of 226,000 from various countries 2004 Tsunami.
including India.
GEOLOGICAL DISASTERS
 What is Geological Disasters ?
A natural disaster due to geological
disturbances, often caused by shifts in
tectonic plates and seismic activity.

For example

● Earthquakes
● Landslide
● Volcanic eruptions
● Avalanches
 EARTHQUAKE

❖ An earthquake is the result of a

sudden release of energy in the earth's
crust that creates seismic waves. The
seismic activity of an area refers to
the frequency, type and size of
earthquakes experienced over a
period of time.

❖ The primary cause of an earthquake is

faults on the crust of the earth.
 LANDSLIDE

❖ A landslide is a catastrophic event

where a block of earthen mass slides
downhill

❖ Seismic activities have always been a

main cause of landslides throughout
the world. Any time plate tectonics
move the soil that covers them moves
with it. When earthquakes occur on
areas with steep slopes
 VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
❖ A volcano is a rupture on the crust of a
planetary-mass object,such as Earth, that allows
hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a
magma chamber below the surface.

❖ As rock inside the earth melts, its mass remains

the same while its volume increases-- producing a
melt that is less dense than the surrounding rock.
This lighter magma then rises toward the surface
by virtue of its buoyancy. If the density of the
magma between the zone of its generation and the
surface is less than that of the surrounding and
overlying rocks, the magma reaches the surface
and erupts
 Industrial Disaster
An industrial disaster is a disaster caused by
failure of a process due to accidents,
negligence or incompetence, in an industrial
plant which may lead to spillage of toxic
waste to the surrounding environment
causing damage to life, property and
environment.

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (2010)

 Types of Industrial Disasters
● Accidental Release – Hazardous chemical substances
accidentally released during their production, handling
or transportation endanger anyone near the release site.

● Chemical Explosion - The forceful expulsion of

combustible materials usually involves chemicals and
typically causes injuries, loss of life and great destruction
of property.
● Nuclear Explosion or Radiation –An
accident taking place in any nuclear
facility of the nuclear fuel cycle including
the nuclear reactor, or in a facility using
radioactive sources, leading to a
large-scale release of radioactivity in the
environment.
● Some nuclear related disasters in India-
○ 2 Feb 1995 - Kota, Rajasthan

○ 4 May 1987 - Kalpakkam

The Windscale Fire October 1957 -England

● Mine Explosion – Coal dust or natural gas
can react with the air and cause
accidental explosions.
● Atmospheric Pollution – Nuclear
explosions, chemicals, burning artificial or
natural fuels and other industrial
practices can produce large amounts of
radiation, solids and gases that
contaminate the atmosphere and
endanger those who live or work in the
area.
 Causes of Industrial Disasters
● Improper training and supervision
● Careless operation
● Inadequate personal safety gear
● Defective or malfunctioning equipment
● Unsafe storage
● Improper ventilation
● Poor maintenance of equipment
 Chemical Disasters
A chemical disaster is the unintentional release of
one or more chemical hazard substances which
could harm human health and the environment.
Such events include fires, explosions, leakages or
release of toxic or hazardous materials that can
cause people illness, injury, or disability. While
chemical accidents may occur whenever toxic
materials are stored, transported or used, the most
severe are industrial accidents, involving major
chemical manufacturing and storage facilities.
Bhopal Gas Tragedy
The single worst industrial and chemical
accident in history occurred on December 3,
1984,when some 45 tons of the dangerous
gas methyl isocyanate escaped from the
Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India. The
gas drifted over the densely populated
neighbourhoods around the plant, killing
thousands of people immediately and
creating a panic as tens of thousands of
others attempted to flee Bhopal. The final
death toll was estimated to be between
15,000 and 20,000, while a half million
survivors suffered respiratory problems, eye
irritation or blindness.
ACCIDENT RELATED DISASTERS

Disasters caused by accidents include hazardous materials

incidents, household chemical emergencies, nuclear power plant
emergencies,
explosions, and equipment failure etc…

Lets see some examples:

FOREST FIRES
A forest fire is unplanned, unwanted, uncontrolled fire in an area of combustible vegetation
starting in rural areas and urban areas.Forest fires can be characterized in terms of the cause of
ignition, their physical properties, the combustible material present, and the effect of weather on
the fire.Forest fires are among the most common forms of natural disaster in some regions,
including Siberia, California, and Australia.

Eg:Bandipur Forest Fires:In February 2019, massive forest fires broke out in numerous places
across the Bandipur National Park of the Karnataka state in India.On 25 February 2019, it
estimated the extent of burnt area to be about 10,920 acres in the last five days since 21
February 2019.
URBAN FIRES
Urban fire occurs primarily in cities or towns with the potential to rapidly spread to adjoining
structures. These fires damage and destroy homes, schools, commercial buildings, and vehicles.In
residential structures, cooking, incendiary or suspicious origin, heating, and electrical distribution
were the leading causes of fires.Several major urban fire cases are London fire of 1666,Chicago
fire of 1871,San Francisco fire 0f 1906 following earthquake.

Eg:Vijay Vallabh Hospital fire-2021:At least 14people were killed and several others injured
after a fire broke out at Vijay Vallabh hospital in Virar in Mumbai city.The fire Broke out after a
Blast in the AC unit.The chargesheet stated that the accused knew there could be fire incident
but took no steps.
MINEFLOODING
Mining operations can occur during a long period of time and in order to keep the mining
operations running, water has to be constantly removed from the mine sites when needed.After
the mine is closed, which happens when its operational life ends, the maintenance systems stop.
Also, the dewatering systems cease to operate. Without any kind of work towards dewatering, the
closed mines tend to get flooded with surface and groundwaters in the lower levels and mined
spaces, if there is not a drainage adit present.

Eg:Gretley Mine Flooding Accident-1996:On 14November 1996 employees of The Newcastle

Wallsend Coal Company Pty Limited, were engaged in work on the night shift at the company's
mine, the Gretley Colliery. Four men of a team of eight were in the process of developing a
roadway in an area of the mine called 50/51 panel.Suddenly, with tremendous force, water rushed
into the heading from a hole in the face made by the continuous miner.The four men were
engulfed by the water, swept away and drowned.
OIL SPILLS
An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the
marine ecosystem, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. The term is usually given to
marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters, but spills may also occur
on land. Oil spills may be due to releases of crude oil from tankers, offshore platforms, drilling
rigs and wells, as well as spills of refined petroleum products and their by-products, heavier fuels
etc…

Eg:BP Deepwater Horizon OIL Spill:Deepwater Horizon oil spill, also called Gulf of Mexico oil
spill, largest marine oil spill in history, caused by an April 20, 2010, explosion on the Deepwater
Horizon oil rig—located in the Gulf of Mexico, approximately 41miles (66 km) off the coast of
Louisiana—and its subsequent sinking on April 22.
MAJOR BUILDINGCOLLAPSE
Building collapse refers to the failure of structure or component.The failure of a building depends
on Materials used for construction,Methods of construction,Bad Design,Extraordinary loads etc…

Eg:TACOMA NARROWBRIDGE:The Tacoma Narrows Bridge was a suspension bridge that

connected the port city of Tacoma, Washington with the Kitsap Peninsula. It was the third longest
suspension bridge in the world when it opened to the public on July 1,1940, but it closed four
months later after a spectacular collapse.The cause of the collapse was the use of inadequate
girders that were used to keep construction costs low. They failed to keep the bridge deck in
place, allowing it to break whenever a strong enough wind blew.
SERIAL BOMB BLASTS
A bomb blast or explosion is a rapid increase in volume and release of energy in an extreme
manner, usually with the generation of high temperatures and the release of gases. The most
common artificial explosives are chemical explosives, usually involving a rapid and violent
oxidation reaction that produces large amounts of hot gas. Bombs have been in use since the 11th
century.

Eg:2008 AHMMEDABAD BOMBINGS:The 2008 Ahmedabad bombings were a series of 21

bomb blasts that hit Ahmedabad, India, on 26 July 2008, within a span of 70 minutes. Fifty-six
people were killed and over 200 people were injured.
FESTIVAL RELATED DISASTERS
Lack of funding, poor infrastructure, the weather (almost always the weather) ,fireworks
gone wrong or even intentional sabotage can contribute to an unfortunate series of events that
blight months of organising , typically demolishing and destroying hardwork worth weeks or even
end up taking lives of people.

EG: A series of explosions early Sunday caused by a

fireworks display during a religious festival at a temple
left 106 people dead and hundreds more injured in the
Kollam, southern Indian state of Kerala.
ELECTRICAL DISASTERS AND FIRES
An electrical system can deliver energy to a very small location, raising the temperature and
causing a fire. Some appliances heat up by design, and the heat needs to be controlled.
Causes:
● Short Circuit
● Overload
● Faulty outlets, appliances
● Wiring
AIR,ROAD AND RAIL ACCIDENTS
Road Accidents : Road accidents are a human tragedy. It involves high human suffering and
monetary costs in terms of premature deaths, injuries, loss of productivity etc. Most deaths and
injuries due to road accidents are invisible to society.

Rail Accidents :Railway Disaster is a serious train accident , either on railway premises or arising
out of railway activity, due to natural or human-made causes, that may lead to loss of many lives
or serious injuries to a large number of people, or severe disruption of traffic etc.
Air Accidents: Air accidents are of four types:
- mid-air collisions
- forced landings
- crash due to technical snags
- air-crash in mountainous terrain due to poor visibility.
Causes:
Human failure of pilots, air traffic controllers or technical failures of on board, landing
instruments. In rare cases, it may also be the result of terrorist activities.

Experience shows that a majority of air accidents occur either during take-off or landing near
major airports where flight paths get congested
BOAT CAPSIZING
● A capsizing is when a boat overturns or is swamped with water.

● One of the good things is that these small boats usually stay afloat, giving the boaters who
are now in the water something to hold onto for support.

● Common causes include: being caught off guard by a wave or sharp turn when moving
around in the boat, carrying too much weight in the boat or unevenly distributing weight in
the boat; and bad weather conditions.
VILLAGEFIRE
Village areas face unique fire risks. Fire death rates in rural areas are very high. Additionally, loss
of property and livestock have an extreme emotional and economic impact on residents in the
local area.

Common fire problems in rural areas:

● Fixed heaters, including wood stoves, are involved in most rural residential heating fires.
● extremely high heat waves and highly flammable and combustible materials lying around
● Damaged electrical equipment is often the source of fire in barns and other farm buildings.
● Many homes do not have working smoke alarms increasing risk of death in a fire
● villages that far away from urban areas, could also face a longer response time of rural
firefighters and urban first response units.
STAMPEDE
● sudden panicked rush of a crowd or mob or animals.
● Human stampedes are man made disasters.
● Incidents of stampedes can occur in numerous socio-cultural situations. Though the list is
not exhaustive, it provides a fair idea about various types of situations where stampedes
can occur:

• Entertainment events • Religious events

• Escalator and moving walkways • Power failure
• Food distribution • Fire incidents

• Processions • Sports events

• Natural disasters • Riots
 BIOLOGICAL DISASTERS
Biological disasters are natural scenarios involving disease, disability, or death on a large
scale among humans, animals, and plants due to microorganisms like bacteria, or viruses, or
toxins.

3 Major Biological Threats Faced by India:

· Naturally occurring infections
· Infections from accidental release of pathogens into environment
· Deliberate weaponizations of dangerous pathogens
Epidemics In India:
· 1974 Smallpox Epidemic
· 1994Plague

Pandemic In India:

· COVID-19
PEST ATTACK
A pest is any animal or plant harmful to humans or human concerns.
The term is particularly used for creatures that damage crops, livestock,
and forestry or cause a nuisance to people, especially in their homes.

India has been dealing with locust outbreaks since early 19th century.

A simple strategy to deal with pest attacks: protect birds that eat the
predatory insects.
CATTLEPLAGUE
A disease caused by the rinderpest virus which primarily infected cattle and buffalo. Infected
animals suffered from symptoms such as fever, wounds in the mouth, diarrhea, discharge from
the nose and eyes, and eventually death.
LUMPY SKIN DISEASE
Lumpy skin disease is an infectious, eruptive, occasionally fatal disease of cattle characterized by
nodules on the skin and other parts of the body. Originally found in Africa, it has also spread
to countries in the Middle East, Asia, and eastern Europe.

First reported in India in West Bengal in 2019, the lumpy skin disease has now spread to at least
15states. The disease results in reduced milk production in cows and buffaloes.
PESTICIDEPOISONING
A pesticide poisoning occurs when pesticides, chemicals intended to control a pest, affect
non-target organisms such as humans, wildlife, plant, or bees.

Pesticide poisoning has been a major problem in India since at

least 1958, when 100 people died after consuming flour
contaminated with the organophosphorus (OP) insecticide
parathion . An estimated 230,000 suicides occur each year in
India, of whom at least 70,000 (30%) die from pesticide suicide.
THANK YOU
National Disaster Management Policy - Institutional
Arrangements for Disaster Management in India
 DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster management is a process of effectively preparing for and
responding to disasters. It involves strategically organizing resources to
lessen the harm that disasters cause. It also involves a systematic
approach to managing the responsibilities of disaster prevention,
preparedness, response, and recovery.
Why do countries follow different policies
while managing disasters ?
Disaster Law helps to clarify roles and responsibilities and coordination mechanisms for
disaster risk management across sectors as well as from national to local level. Used
effectively, Disaster Law and Policy can support more integrated, inclusive and equitable
approaches to building resilience. The objectives of the national policy on disaster
management are: Promoting a culture of prevention, preparedness and resilience at all
levels through knowledge, innovation and education. Encouraging mitigation measures
based on technology, traditional wisdom and environmental sustainability.
 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS IN INDIA
Most of the disaster situation is to be managed at State and District levels. The
centre plays a supporting role and provides assistance when the consequences
of disaster exceed district and State capacities. The centre mobilizes support in
terms of providing emergency teams, support personnel, specialized
equipments and operating facilities depending on the scale of the disaster and
the need of the State and District.
 The Newer Institutions
• NDMA as the apex body • National Disaster Response
• SDMAs in each State and Union Force and
Territory State Disaster Response Forces
• DDMAs in each district • NIDM also designated as the
• Response Fund and Mitigation SAARC
Fund at Centre for Disaster Management
national, state and district levels
 National Disaster Management Authority(NDMA)
National Disaster Management Authority, abbreviated as NDMA, is an apex Body of
Government of India, with a mandate to lay down policies for disaster management. NDMA
was established through the Disaster Management Act enacted by the Government of India on
23 December 2005. NDMA is responsible for framing policies, laying down guidelines and
best-practices for coordinating with the State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) to
ensure a holistic and distributed approach to disaster management.It is headed by the Prime
Minister of India.
 Features of NDMA
• NDMA shall have the responsibility for laying • Approve plans prepared by the Ministries

down the plans and policies for disaster and Departments of the Government in

management. accordance with the National Disaster

• Approve the National Disaster Management Management Plan;

Plan • Lay down guidelines to be followed by a

State Authority in drawing up the State Plan

 State Disaster Management Authority
As per the Disaster Management Act 2005, All-State Governments are mandated under
Section 14 of the act to establish a State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA). The
SDMA consists of the Chief Minister of the State, who is the Chairperson, and no more
than eight members appointed by the Chief Minister. State Executive Committee is
responsible (Section 22) for drawing up the state disaster management plan and
implementing the National Plan. The SDMA is mandated under section 28 to ensure that
all the departments of the State prepare disaster management plans as prescribed by
the National and State Authorities.
 Features of SDMA
● Lay down the State disaster management policy.
● Approve the State Plan in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the
National Authority.
● Approve the disaster management plans prepared by the departments of the
Government of the State.
● Lay down guidelines to be followed by the departments of the Government of
the State for the purposes of integration of measures for prevention of
disasters and mitigation in their development plans and projects and provide
necessary technical assistance therefore.
 District Disaster Management Authority
The District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) will act as the district
planning; coordinating and monitoring body in accordance with the guidelines
lay down by the State Authority.The roles and responsibilities of the DDMA
have been elaborated in Section 30 of the DM Act, 2005. The DDMA will act as
the planning, coordinating and implementing body for DM at the District level
and take all necessary measures for the purposes of DM in accordance with
the guidelines laid down by the NDMA and SDMA.
 The National Disaster Response Force
The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is an Indian specialized force
constituted "for the purpose of special response to a threatening disaster
situation or disaster" under the Disaster Management Act, 2005.National
Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is under the National Disaster Management
Authority. The head of the NDRF is designated as Director General. The
Director Generals of NDRF are IPS officers on deputation from Indian police
organizations. Director General is a three-star officer.
Team members:
Ashlin Sam Thomas Caroline Mary Manoj

Adithyan P.S Aneeta Shajan

Ajin Abraham Ashwin Alex Rexy

Abhishek C.K Deepthi Mohanlal

Antosh Mathew Aleena Sijoy

Daniel Alex Biju David Eeso Paul

Alexandra Aliyas
 Disaster
Management
Disasteí m a n age m e nt is how we deal with the human, mateíial, economic o í
enviíonmental impacts of said disasteí, it is the píocess of how we “ p í e p a í e foí, íespond to
and leaín f í o m the effects of m a j o í failuíes”.
Legislations in
India on
Disaster
Management
Responsibilities
➢ ThC : í i m a í y í C s : o n s i b i l i t y of ki s a s t C í ma na gC mC n t í C st s with thC StatCs, thC
CCntíal Go vC ín mCn t s u : : o í t s thC Cff oí ts of StatC GovCínmCnts by : í o v i k i n g
logistical a n k financial s u : : o í t .

➢ DM Division in thC Mi n i s t í y of H o m C 6 f f a i í s cooíkinatCs with ki s a s t C í affCctCk

StatC GovCínmCnt(s), c o n c C í nCk linC m i n i s t í i C s / k C : a í t m C n t s , National DisastCí
ManagCmCnt 6 u t h o í i t y ( N D M 6 ) , National DisastCí R C s : o n s C FoícC (N D R F ),
National InstitutC of DisastCí ManagCmCnt (NIDM) a n k thC DiíCctoíatC GCnCíal
of FiíC SCívicCs, H o mC G u a í k s a n k Civil DCfCncC, a n k 6 í m C k FoícCs f o í CffCctivC
ki s a s t C í í i s k íCkuction.

➢ ThC Division is í C s : o n s i b l C f o í lCgislation, : o l i c y , c a : a c i t y builking, : í C v C n t i o n ,

mitigation, í C s : o n s C a n k l o n g t C í m íChabilitation
Major ResponsibilitIes of disaster
management :
● Resouíce mobilization f o í íelief and íesponse to natuíal disasteís.
● Opeíation of contíol í o o m and situation íepoíts.
● M u l t i - h a za í d eaíly wa í n i n g systems.
● Inteínational coopeíation in disasteí management.
● Post disasteí/long t e í m íehabilitation and íeconstíuction.
● St í e n g the ni ng of fiíe and e m e í g e n cy seívices.
● Administíation of the Disasteí Management Act,2005.
● All m a t t e í s íelated to fiíe seívices,civil defence and h o m e guaíds.
● D I SAST E R M AN AGEMEN T AC T 2 0 0 5
➢ T he Disasteí Management Act, 2 0 0 5 was enacted on 2 6 t h Decembeí 2 0 0 5 .

➢ This will p e í m i t States to have theií own legislation on disasteí management.

➢ T he act compíises 7 9 sections and 11 chapteís.

➢ It came into effect in the a f teí ma th of the 2 0 0 4 tsunami, when the countíy lost
thousands of lives. It was passed by the g o v eí nment f o í efficient ma na g ement of
disasteís, including píepaíation of mitigation stíategies, capacity-building and
íelated matteís.

➢ T he mai n focus of this act is to píovide the people who a í e affected with disasteís,
theií life back and helping them.

➢ This act píovides f o í a National Disasteí Management Authoíity(NDMA) at national

level and State and Distíict Disasteí Management Authoíities f o í each state and
distíict íespectively.

➢ T he Act also established Disasteí Response Fund and Disasteí Mitigation Fund at
national , state and distíict levels.
● Matteís íelated to State Disasteí Response Fund and National Disasteí Response
Fund .

STATE D I SAST E R M AN AG E M ENT AU T H ORITY(SD MA)

● SD M A to be cha i íed by Chief Ministeí .

● State Authoíity constitute an Advisoíy Committee of expeíts.
● T h e y a í e íesponsible f o í laying down the policies and plans f o í disasteí
m a n agem ent in State.
● T h e y í e c o m m e n d guidelines f o í píoviding m i n i m u m standaíds of íelief.

N AT I ONA L D I SAST E R R E S P O N SE FO RC E ( ND RF)

● T h e National Disasteí Response Foíce is an Indian specialized foíce

constituted " f o í the puípose of specialist íesponse to a thíeatening disasteí
situation o í d i s a s t e í " u n d e í the Disasteí Management Act, 2 0 0 5 .
● Role of N D R F -
Fight all natuíal disasteís including íadiological, biological, chemical
and nucleaí disasteís.
● Administíative and budget m a t t e í s íelated to NDMA,NDRF and NIDM.

➔ N AT I ONA L D I SAST E R M AN AGEMEN T AUTHORITY(NDMA):

❏ u n d e í the P í i m e Ministeí with 9 o í m o í e m e m b e í s f o í laying down the

policies, plans and guidelines f o í disasteí management.

➔ NATIONAL I N ST I T U T E OF D I SAST E R MANAGEMENT(NIDM):

❏ Section 4 2 of the act established NIDM.

❏ Píovide assistance in national level policy foímulation.
❏ Foímulate and implement a compíehensive h u m a n íesouíce development
plan coveíing all aspects of disasteí management.
THANK
YOU