STI COLLEGE CALAMBA

STI Academic Center, Barangay Uno, National Highway,

Calamba City, 4027 Laguna

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

LUTOLOKAL: THE PERCEPTION OF THE SELECTED CULINARY

ARTS STUDENTS IN USING ONLINE RECIPE FINDER

A Research Proposal
Presented to the Senior High School Department
STI College Calamba, Barangay Uno, National Highway
City of Calamba

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the
Practical Research 2
(Grade 12)

The Researchers
Cerezo, Aaron John
Cruz, Benice Ingrid
De Vera, Gideon Mathew
Emnace, Franc Nicole
Evarle, Melwin
Razo, Aquil Kenjie
Valle, Eirene Grace

Research Adviser

Ms. Ma. Cinderella S. Talagtag

2023
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
This table presented below is a compilation and summary of the total content of the study.
Content and pages or location of each research part are indicated below.

CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction..........................................................................................................................4

Background of The Study....................................................................................................6

Statement of The Problem...................................................................................................8

Conceptual Framework........................................................................................................9

Theoretical Framework......................................................................................................10

Hypothesis.........................................................................................................................14

Significance of The Study..................................................................................................14

Scope and Limitations.......................................................................................................16

Definition of Terms............................................................................................................17

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Review of Related Literature.............................................................................................19

Review of Related Studies.................................................................................................44

Synthesis............................................................................................................................69

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design................................................................................................................77

Population and Sampling...................................................................................................77

Data Gathering Instrument................................................................................................79

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Data Gathering Procedure..................................................................................................79

Statistical Treatment..........................................................................................................80

APPENDICES

Letter to the Respondents

Research Questionnaire

References
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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter includes the introduction, background of the study, statement of the
problem, conceptual framework, theoretical framework, hypothesis, significance of the study,
scope and limitations, and the definition of terms used.

INTRODUCTION

Throughout history, recipes are considered as the part of an individual’s daily existence,

guiding us the process of making our desired dishes and mastering our culinary skills. The

concept of recipes varies depending on the culture and tradition of an individual that were

typically transmitted from one generation to another and being exchanged among families.

However, the introduction of the technology has led to significant changes in how we create,

utilize, and distribute recipes.

In the modern culinary world, the knowledge of creating recipes is being introduced and

transmitted from the farthest corners of the globe in just a few clicks away. The recipe finder is

essential for assisting the culinary arts students in learning different kinds of local dishes. Each

dishes have a set of specific instruction or guidelines that detail how to prepare and cook a

particular recipe. Recipes typically include a list of ingredients, their quantities, step-by-step

instructions, an alternative ingredient (if possible) that will help the user to produce the recipe

provided. One of the remarkable aspects of technology is its ability to offer personalization. In a

time characterized by a wide range of dietary preferences and restrictions, technology allows

individuals to adjust recipes according to their unique requirements and flavor preferences. The

ability to filter recipes based on dietary factors, such as gluten-free, vegan, or low-carb options,
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guarantees that cooking efforts align with each person's distinct taste preferences and dietary

needs.

Furthermore, these online platforms have been enhanced with functions that improve the

culinary experience. Users can now save their favorite recipes, building digital collections of

cooking expertise. The inclusion of interactive shopping lists has made acquiring ingredients

more efficient, turning the preparation stage into a well-structured and productive process.

The Recipe Finder will also be beneficial to those individuals who does not have

knowledge about cooking any food. With the help of the recipe finder, it will help the users to

learn the basics of cooking since the system is a beginner friendly. It can also help the users

easily since it's easy to use.

This Recipe Finder can save time from choosing on what you want to cook for the

specific time of meals. Take some time to plan your meals for the week in advance. This can save

time by reducing the need to search for specific recipes.

The aim of a recipe finder is to make meal planning and cooking easier by providing a

user-friendly platform where users can easily find, personalize, and access a diverse range of

recipes that suit their tastes and dietary requirements. The recipe finder also aims to make

cooking easier for students, so they don't have to search on other sites. A recipe is simply defined

as a set of instructions with a list of ingredients used to prepare a particular food or dish.

This Recipe Finder provides individuals with a structured approach to meal preparation,

promoting healthier eating habits and reducing the temptation of fast food or unhealthy snacks.

Also, users can create customized meal plans based on their preferences and dietary goals,
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making it easier to achieve weight loss, muscle gain, or other health objectives. Ingredient

management features allow individuals to input items they have at home, and the system

suggests recipes that can be prepared with those ingredients, reducing food waste.

Based on the information provided, the researchers will investigate the perception of the

selected Culinary Arts students in using online recipe finder, “LutoLokal,” towards various

factors and find if there is a significant relationship between the factors and perception of the

respondents toward the online recipe finder.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In today's fast-paced world, dining out at various restaurants, including fast-food joints,

buffets, and cafeterias, has become a common preference among individuals. Not everyone

possesses culinary skills, and some find cooking challenging due to their limited knowledge of

ingredients and ingredient substitutions (Guthro, 2020). This is where LutoLokal comes in

handy. LutoLokal is a user-friendly platform designed to assist individuals in preparing their

desired dishes. It offers step-by-step tutorials and suggests alternative ingredients for various

recipes. If you're missing a particular ingredient, simply enter what you have in the search bar,

and LutoLokal will provide you with dishes you can prepare using the available ingredients. It

simplifies the process of finding a suitable recipe, even when you don't have all the required

components, by offering alternatives. LutoLokal boasts a diverse selection of dishes, ranging

from ulam (main courses) and breakfast items to desserts and merienda (snacks). With such a

wide array of choices, users can easily find and prepare dishes that suit their preferences and

ingredient availability.
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Traditional culinary education methods, which have long relied on printed cookbooks and

in-person instruction, are now being augmented and, in certain instances, supplanted by digital

resources. In this digital era, online recipe finders have become invaluable tools for culinary

students (Matheny, 2020). LutoLokal offers a distinctive feature that allows users to effortlessly

discover dishes by searching for a single ingredient. Additionally, it serves as a valuable resource

for students who are separated from their parents, enabling them to practice cooking various

dishes independently.

Given the escalating costs of food supplies and ingredients, many individuals are opting

to dine at fast-food establishments or restaurants rather than preparing their own meals.

Moreover, LutoLokal is a valuable resource for individuals who lack prior cooking

knowledge. It enables them to become acquainted with various ingredients and dishes, making

the culinary world more accessible. This website offers a beginner-friendly and straightforward

approach, making it an ideal platform for enhancing one's cooking skills. Users can expect to

gain valuable culinary knowledge and experience through this platform.

In conclusion, the goal of this study is to promote creativity and inspire people to explore

new and diverse foods in the field of culinary arts. These ground-breaking platforms have the

power to fundamentally alter how people learn, develop their skills, and enjoy food. Even while

their main goal may be to serve prospective culinary students, they also offer their services to

everyone who has an interest in the culinary arts, thereby turning them from inexperienced cooks

into skilled chefs (Aranda, 2019). Through these platforms, individuals can start their culinary

journey from the ground up and work their way up to mastering recipes fit for professionals. The
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ultimate objective is to give them a passion for cooking and give them the knowledge and

abilities to explore with a variety of foods. By doing this, we enable people to indulge their own

culinary inclinations and also incite them to produce fresh, cutting-edge culinary works. These

platforms provide as a starting point for culinary inquiry, encouraging a passion of cooking and a

culinary innovation culture (Caprarella, 2022).

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to determine the perception of selected Culinary Arts student at STI

College Calamba towards using online recipe finder “LutoLokal.”

Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a) Age

b) Sex

c) Grade level

2. What is the mean perception of the respondents to the following factors:

a) User Interface

b) User Experience

c) Features

d) Functionality

e) Content

3. What is the mean perception of the respondents towards the online recipe finder?
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4. Is there a significant relationship between the factors and perception towards the online

recipe finder?

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This study aims to determine the factors and perception of selected Culinary Arts student

at STI College Calamba towards using online recipe finder “LutoLokal.”

Figure 1. A conceptual paradigm shows the perception of respondents “LutoLokal” in

using an online recipe finder.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

STUDENT-RELATED
FACTORS
a) Design/User Interface

b) Functionality Perception of respondents in using

an online recipe finder.
c) Accessibility

d) Content

e) Features
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Figure 1. Research Paradigm

In Figure 1, it illustrates how input variables are interconnected, highlighting both the

Independent and Dependent variables. The diagram encompasses aspects such as Design/User

Interface, Functionality, Accessibility, Content, And Features. The resulting output provides an

analysis of student-related factors and the degree of teacher-related factors involved in the

context.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The study is supported by Fred Davis's (1989) Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)

theory. The TAM theory aims to explain how individuals adopt and embrace information

technology. It has been widely utilized in various fields to understand users' attitudes and

behaviors towards technology adoption.

The core concept of the Technology Acceptance Model revolves around users' behavioral

intention, which is influenced by two key factors: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of

use. Perceived usefulness refers to the extent to which individuals believe that a particular

technology can enhance their performance or make a task easier to accomplish. It encompasses

the benefits and advantages users perceive in adopting the technology. Perceived ease of use, on

the other hand, refers to the perceptions of how simple the technology is to learn and utilize. It

considers variables such as the user interface's simplicity, the clearness of instructions, and the

user experience as a whole.

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Figure 1 shows the final version of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory

flowchart by Fred Davis (1989).

Perceived
Usefulness

External Behavioral Usage

Variables Intention Behavior

Perceived
Ease of Use

Figure 2.

In the context of the study focusing on LutoLokal, an online recipe finder website, the

Technology Acceptance Model can be applied to understand users' acceptance and adoption of

the platform. The perceived usefulness of LutoLokal is directly related to users' perceptions of

how effectively the website can assist them in finding recipes that align with their preferences

and nutritional needs. By offering a vast collection of recipes, encompassing various categories

and providing different search options, LutoLokal enhances the perceived usefulness of recipe

searching. These features enable users to explore a wide range of culinary options and address

their specific dietary requirements or food concerns, thereby increasing the perceived value of

the platform.

Furthermore, the perceived ease of use of LutoLokal plays a crucial role in users'

acceptance of the website. It encompasses users' perception of the website's usability,

intuitiveness, and overall ease of navigation. LutoLokal is designed to provide user-friendly

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interfaces, efficient search features, and clear recipe instructions, making it easy for users,

particularly Culinary Art Students, to explore and follow recipes. The simplicity in browsing

through different categories, applying filters, and accessing relevant information contributes to

the perceived ease of use of the platform.

By considering the principles of the Technology Acceptance Model, the study anticipates

that Culinary Art Students are more likely to embrace and utilize LutoLokal when they perceive

it as both useful and easy to use. Accepting the platform can considerably improve their overall

cooking experience by providing a greater selection of recipe ideas, allowing them to attempt

new and different foods, and supporting them in meeting their nutritional goals. Culinary Art

Students can broaden their culinary expertise, experiment with different flavors and techniques,

and receive inspiration for their own creations by using LutoLokal's user-friendly features and

large recipe collection. Furthermore, the platform may help students manage their food

preferences, nutritional needs, and any unique food restrictions, supporting a healthier and more

unique approach to cooking.

On top of that, this study is also supported by the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, which

was developed by Everett M. Rogers in 1962. This theory provides valuable insights into how

new ideas, products, or technology are spread and embraced by people. It helps us understand the

factors that influence the adoption of an innovation, including the innovation's characteristics, the

communication channels used to promote it, the social system it is introduced into, and the

qualities of individuals.
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Figure 2 shows the Diffusion of Innovation Theory flowchart by Everett M. Rogers

(1962).

COMMUNICATION CHANNEL

IV. V.
I. KNOWLEDGE II. PERSUASION III. DECISION IMPLEMENTATION CONFIRMATION

Continued
Adoption
Later
Adoption
1. Adoption

Figure 3. Discontinuance
2. Rejection
In the case of LutoLokal, it can be Continued
seen as an innovative platform that offers
Rejection
a convenient and efficient way to discover and explore recipes. By utilizing online recipe finder

websites like LutoLokal, culinary art students have access to a wide variety of recipes that cater

to their preferences and dietary requirements. These platforms are equipped with extensive recipe

databases, user-friendly interfaces, and advanced search and filtering capabilities, making them

excellent tools for individuals seeking culinary inspiration and new cooking ideas. The Diffusion

of Innovation Theory supports this study by providing a framework to understand how and why

individuals embrace such an innovation like LutoLokal.

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This theory is directly related to the study as it helps analyze and explain the adoption

and acceptance of LutoLokal as an innovative concept. By considering the characteristics of the

platform, the communication channels used to promote it, the social system it operates within,

and the individual qualities of users, researchers can gain valuable insights into the adoption and

utilization of recipe finding websites. This understanding allows for a deeper examination of how

LutoLokal spreads and is embraced by its intended audience.

HYPOTHESIS

There is no significant relationship between the factors and perception of Culinary Arts

students towards the “LutoLokal” Recipe Finder website.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The findings of this study may assist others in broadening their knowledge on a wide

range of local dishes and understand how the factors influence the perception of Culinary Arts

students towards the online recipe finder. This website was designed with the purpose of offering

a solution, not only to Culinary Arts students but also to fellow Filipinos, who often encounter

the challenge of creating meals with limited ingredients or just wish to diversify their culinary

experiences. By utilizing the website's search engine, users can easily discover recipes using

specific ingredients, be it for breakfast, dessert, merienda, or a viand.

The study's primary beneficiaries encompass various groups, each deriving specific

advantages from the research outcomes:

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Students. The gathered data will equip students with insights into the factors influencing

their utilization of online recipe finders. This inclusivity extends to all Senior High School

students at STI College Calamba, enabling them to grasp the determinants guiding their choice

of online recipe finders and inspiring the development of more innovative tools tailored to user

preferences.

Individuals. The study findings hold significance for individuals seeking to understand

the factors that shape people's choices regarding online recipe finders and their perceptions of

these resources. This information can empower individuals to make informed decisions when

selecting recipe finders that align with their needs, ensuring safe and responsible usage while

maximizing their benefits.

Teachers. The presented data can serve as a valuable resource for educators, shedding

light on the factors influencing students' selection of online recipe finders and their perceptions

of these platforms. This knowledge can assist teachers in crafting more effective teaching

methods, addressing student concerns, and creating enhanced teaching materials and resources.

Parents. Parents can benefit from the data provided, gaining insights into the factors

guiding their choice of online recipe finders and their perceptions of these tools. This knowledge

can aid parents in selecting suitable recipe finders for preparing healthier family meals,

optimizing their time and financial resources.

Institution. The data provided will enable the institution to gain a deeper understanding

of how individuals utilize online recipe finders, the obstacles they encounter, and their overall

perceptions of these tools. This understanding can serve as a foundation for the institution to
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formulate improved programs and services, effectively tackle challenges, and encourage greater

adoption of online recipe finders among its stakeholders.

Future Researchers. Future researchers will find value in the advanced understanding

cultivated by this study regarding the interplay between factors and respondent perceptions. They

can leverage the insights derived from this research to develop more innovative and inclusive

online recipe finders designed to cater comprehensively to the diverse needs of users.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The research, titled "LutoLokal: The Perception of Selected Culinary Arts Students of

STI College Calamba in Using an Online Recipe Finder" is focused on the use of an online

Recipe Finder as a tool for helping culinary senior high school students of STI College Calamba

to learn and discover different dishes in the Philippines. The study will also explore the

perceptions of the participants towards the use of an online Recipe Finder in their culinary

education and overall cooking experience.

The scope of this research study is confined to the utilization of an online recipe finder

website as an educational resource to enhance the understanding of various local cuisines among

Senior High School Culinary Arts students at STI College Calamba during the Academic Year

2023-2024, specifically at the STI College Calamba campus located in Baranggay Uno, Calamba

City, Laguna. The researchers will gather diverse perspectives and opinions from respondents

through surveys.
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The researchers purposely selected seventy-two (72) respondents who were enrolled

during the first semester in the academic year 2023-2024 at STI College Calamba. It is important

to note that the findings of this study may not apply to other senior high school students or

institutions.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

To clarify, the following terms are defined conceptually and operationally in this study.

Content. information, media, or material presented or conveyed in various forms, such as text,

images, videos, or audio.

Cuisine. A style or method of cooking, especially as characteristic of a particular country, region,

or establishment.

Culinary Arts. It covers everything from the preparation, cooking, plating, presentation and

serving of food.

Design. The overall visual appearance of a program.

Execution. The process by which a computer or virtual machine reads and acts on the

instructions of a computer program.

Features. An innovative or unique part of a piece of software that performs a certain function.

Functionality. Using functions to the best effect for creating clean and maintainable software.
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Institutions. People of different ages gain an education, including preschools, childcare,

primary-elementary schools, secondary-high schools, and universities.

LutoLokal. A website that finds recipes of dishes in the Philippines using a search engine.

Perception. A thought or opinion of people and based on appearances and experience.

Primary beneficiaries. The first person or people that will benefit from something.

Program. A specific set of ordered operations for a computer to perform.

Recipe Finder. A program that helps users find recipes.

Recipe. A material that shows the ingredients and directions for making a dish.

Relationship. The association between two variables that is statistically significant.

Respondents. A person who replies to something, especially one supplying information for a

survey or questionnaire.

Supercook. A recipe search engine website that lets you search by ingredients you have at home.

System. A group of interconnected components working together to accomplish specific tasks or

functions.

User Experience. The experience and satisfaction that a user when interacting with website.

User Interface. Which a person interacts with a device or software, often involving menus,

buttons, and displays.

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Utilize. Employing or making practical use of a tool, feature, or resource.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies of the research study.
This will also present the synthesis of findings from these various domains to provide a
comprehensive understanding of the current state of knowledge in the field. The content included
in this chapter helps readers become familiar with information that is relevant and similar to the
present study.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

FOREIGN

WEBSITE
According to Patel (2023), a web application, often referred to as a web app, is a software

program accessible through a web browser via the internet. Its primary purpose is to provide

interactive features and deliver various services or information to users. These web apps are

constructed using web technologies like HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), CSS (Cascading

Style Sheets), and JavaScript. It has a broad range of uses, spanning from straightforward online

tools and productivity applications to intricate systems like social media networks, e-commerce

platforms, content management systems, and more. It offers several advantages, including easy

accessibility, compatibility across different platforms, and the ability to be updated, which makes

it a preferred choice for numerous businesses and developers.

Websites offer a more uniform and consistent user experience. They are accessible from

any device connected to the internet, but they might not offer the same degree of interactivity
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found in mobile apps. A thoughtfully designed website is accessible to anyone with an internet

connection, regardless of their chosen device. They are highly versatile, adaptable, and

compatible across different platforms, ensuring broad accessibility. Users can effortlessly open a

web browser and navigate to the website, eliminating the necessity of downloading and installing

a separate application.

In essence, developing two distinct websites or employing responsive website design

offers multiple benefits (Almeida, 2023). Firstly, it leads to an improved user experience by

tailoring content and features to specific user groups, aligning with their preferences and needs.

Furthermore, websites are exceptionally compatible, accessible via browsers on all types of

devices, making them a more practical choice, especially for audiences with varied devices.

When it comes to reaching a broader audience, mobile websites take the lead, as responsive web

design functions seamlessly across various platforms, offering a comprehensive range of

integrated features. Additionally, the support and maintenance of websites are cost-effective and

straightforward, with no need for multiple versions for different operating systems. Updates are

swiftly implemented, and edits are immediately visible to users on any device. Finally, mobile

websites are optimized for smaller screens, ensuring efficient performance and user-friendliness,

even on low-spec devices. They also employ mobile-friendly URLs, enhancing navigation and

accessibility.

USER INTERFACE

According to Johnson (2020), Books that delve into the realm of user interface design,

with a special focus on understanding the foundations of good design through practical insights
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into human psychology, are pivotal resources in this domain. These books emphasize that

effective design is deeply rooted in an understanding of human psychology and behavior,

shedding light on its vital role in both general design principles and, more specially, user

interface design.

They assert that design transcends mere adherence to predefined rules; instead, it

necessitates a profound comprehension of when to apply, adapt, or create new design principles.

Human perception, cognition, and behavior are unique, each with its own set of strengths and

weaknesses. Appreciating and utilizing these distinct human traits allows designers to think

creatively about how design rules can be tailored to specific contexts, enabling them to articulate

and substantiate their design decisions effectively.

Moreover, Bodker (2021) In the realm of design, the user interface stands as a critical

component within the broader scope of future computer applications. It is an integral object of

design, shaping the way a computer application is presented and experienced by its users.

Understanding the intricacies of the user interface necessitates a thorough examination of the

usage relationship between individuals and the computer.

Cognitive science has emerged as a valuable framework, merging insights from computer

science with a particular school of cognitive psychology. This school emphasizes that a well-

designed user interface is a reflection of a model of the user, even positing a structural similarity

between the user and the computer. Conversely, from a more technical standpoint, some
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definitions view the user interface primarily from a programmer’s perspective, focusing on its

technical components and functionalities.

The design of computer applications, however, is evolving away from a rigidly

rationalistic and meticulously planned process. Modern perspective views it as a dynamic

process characterized by rationality and action within specific situational contexts. Esteemed

authors like Winograd and Flores have challenged traditional approaches, advocating for a novel

theoretical foundation that integrates various philosophies to enrich the design paradigm. This

evolving perspective underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the intricate interplay

between users, interfaces, and the applications they interact with.

CONTENT

According to Colman (2022), if you are planning to build a website, then you might

already be aware that website content is of the greatest importance. In the realm of online

presence and visibility, the significance of robust web content cannot be overstated. Many

enterprises are inadvertently overlooking substantial opportunities and potential traffic due to

inadequacies in the content hosted on their website. This content comes in diverse formats,

encompassing textual information, audio files, video files, animations, images, and more. The

spectrum of content options is continually evolving, transforming the way people consume and

engage with information.

The evolution of content has a profound impact on how businesses connect with their

target audience. It has become a pivotal tool for online businesses to effectively engage their
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prospective customers. In the contemporary digital landscape, search engines wield immense

influence, steering the direction of web traffic. Individual frequent websites primarily because of

the quality and relevance of the content they provide.

It was also stated by Kyrnin (2021), content, often referred to as the substantive essence

of a web page, comprises the textual and multimedia elements that hold value for users. It is the

information, resources, or media that visitors to a website find meaningful and worthwhile. To

comprehend the importance of valuable content, it’s essential to contrast it with elements like

splash pages, which were commonly utilized by websites in the past.

Splash pages, once prevalent in web design, were visually captivating presentations

aimed at introducing a website. However, they often led to frustration among users due to their

diversion from the primary objective. Users would question the purpose of watching animations

or visuals when they simply sought essential information, such as store operating hours.

Fundamentally, what customers seek isn’t the intricacies of design or technical details,

but a seamless user interface that aids their tasks without hindrance. A well-designed user

interface isn’t remarkable because of its aesthetics but rather because it facilitates a smooth user

experience. The best designs are subtle and inconspicuous, seamlessly supporting visitors in

achieving their goals on the site.

FEATURES

According to Pinegar (2021), losing even a single piece of a jigsaw puzzle can

completely spoil the whole activity. After investing so much time and effort into a project, they
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want the satisfaction of completing it, including that final piece. For enthusiasts of puzzles, the

disappointment of leaving a passion project unfinished is significant. When applying this concept

to creating a website or starting a blog, it's much the same. The dedicate days, weeks, or even

months to building your ideal website, investing a portion of the business budget in creating an

outstanding user experience, with the hope of enhancing customer satisfaction and attracting

more visitors or customers. In the process of designing a website, it's essential to ensure that no

crucial elements are overlooked. All the different components should come together seamlessly,

like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle, forming the perfect overall picture. When learning how to design a

website, the goal is to provide an excellent user experience. To achieve this, carefully review

each part of your site and confirm that you have incorporated these essential elements. These

features are purposeful components of a website that users anticipate and will leave a positive

and lasting impression on those who explore the site. The homepage is crucial for creating first

impressions. It offers users their initial insight into your identity and business, so keep the

message clear and concise for a quick understanding. For the Domain Name, The URL in the

website's navigation bar is your web address, allowing visitors to find the site. Creating a domain

name is a crucial first step in building a functional website. Opt for a simple and easy-to-spell

domain, and if the preferred name is taken, explore creative alternatives. Remember that domain

names are registered for brands, so they will need to find an available one or negotiate for

ownership if it's already taken. For Search Bar, some website visitors have specific goals and

only need help finding their desired pages. Adding a search bar to your homepage and all pages

allows users to control their browsing experience. For Logo, logos should be prominently
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displayed near the top of the homepage. Logos, as compact and memorable graphics, establish a

visual connection between your company and the image. Even if customers don't always recall

the company name, they can still recognize you through your logo. For the Description, a brief

company tagline or a concise description should be positioned in proximity to the company name

or logo. This is particularly important for smaller businesses with less immediately apparent

services. A succinct phrase that conveys the identity and offerings will swiftly inform first-time

visitors. For Navigation Bar, whether placed on the side or at the top of the page, a navigation

bar should be strategically located to enable users to navigate your site and discover the products

or information they seek. And lastly for Internal Links, the goal of a website extends beyond

merely directing people to the homepage. Instead, leverage your homepage to encourage visitors

to explore other sections of the site. Showcase appropriate spring styles or offer links to recent

blog articles. Internal links prolong user engagement on your website, enhancing the likelihood

of them becoming customers.

USER EXPERIENCE

According to Maulidina (2023), user experience (UX) in website design is about taking

into account users' preferences and needs. This involves understanding the goals, issues, and

behaviors of your target audience and using that insight to create a website that is easy for users

to navigate. Effective UX design ensures that visitors stay engaged and perceive their interaction

with the website as straightforward. Applying design principles such as visual elements, concise

content, and logical navigation helps create a positive user experience and facilitates seamless

progress through the sales process.

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According to Duran (2023), user experience (UX) holds significant importance in web

design for several key reasons. Firstly, it is pivotal in ensuring that website visitors have a

positive and pleasant interaction with the site. Secondly, UX plays a role in improving a

website's search engine optimization (SEO) because search engines factor in user experience

when ranking websites. Lastly, a favorable user experience results in increased website

conversion rates as individuals are more likely to make purchases on a site that is user-friendly

and straightforward to navigate. The website often represents the first opportunity to leave a

positive impression on potential customers. Although it may be tempting to include flashy design

features, like pop-up boxes prompting visitors to subscribe to your email newsletter, it's crucial

to assess whether these elements genuinely enhance the user experience.

Incorporating user experience (UX) principles into web page development and content

strategies is a prudent way to enhance the chances of creating a favorable user experience for

your target audience. Enhancing user experience is a continuous process that can be refined at

each stage of the user journey, starting from initial awareness, through the purchase process, and

even after-sales service.

Consequently, it is crucial to factor in user experience at every phase of product or

service development to craft a smooth and pleasurable experience for users. Having a well-

defined buyer persona simplifies choices regarding visual communication. For instance, if your

persona highly values discount and willingly provides their email address without exploring your

products, or if your customers predominantly use mobile devices rather than desktops for
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searches, these insights help determine the optimal timing and approach for implementing email

collection forms to enhance digital experiences.

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FUNCTIONALITY

According to Circle (2019), website functionality refers to the capabilities and operations

of your website. It includes user actions, dynamic content, and interactive features. Ensuring the

appropriate functionality is vital for a website's success and should be a fundamental

consideration during the planning stage. Before starting website development, having a clear

understanding of the site's intended features is crucial. Discovering essential functionality gaps

late in the development process can disrupt and complicate the project.

Websites not only offer information but also incorporate features that empower users to

carry out various tasks like searching, submitting forms, or utilizing interactive design elements

(Website Functionality and Usability, 2023). The Marketing & Communications Web team plays

a role in designing, assessing, choosing, and integrating the functional aspects of the University's

websites. Site functionality results from a blend of code created by the MarCom Web staff, third-

party elements, and external services.

The most critical page on a website is the homepage (Why Are The Functionalities Of A

Website Vital For Ranking?, 2023). Since it serves as the first interaction point for visitors,

establishing a favorable impression is essential. The homepage should be expertly designed, easy

to navigate, and provide a brief, unambiguous overview of the website's intent. Also, to achieve

high search engine rankings, it's crucial to optimize all pages by using relevant keywords in the

content and improving the website's code and structure. In today's mobile-centric environment,

it's crucial to ensure that the website is designed with responsiveness in mind. This implies that it
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will adapt and appear appealing on various devices, including smartphones and laptops. A

responsive design is vital to maximize accessibility to a broad audience.F

DESIGN
Web design encompasses the creation of websites and pages that reflect a company's

brand and deliver information in a user-friendly manner (What is Web Design? Definition,

Elements and Uses, 2022). The aesthetics and design are pivotal, whether you're working on a

website, mobile app, or overseeing web page content. Developing web design skills can be

advantageous when seeking roles where your creativity can contribute to improving a business's

branding, messaging, and overall success.

Web design is about defining the objectives of a website or webpage and ensuring that it

is accessible to a wide range of users. It entails structuring content and visuals across multiple

pages and incorporating interactive features and applications. Those tasked with this role are

referred to as web designers, and their duties include the following: Choosing easily readable

fonts, selecting appealing color combinations that maintain font readability, Incorporating a

brand's identity through colors, fonts, and layout, Designing a website structure map to ensure

user-friendly navigation, Positioning elements like images, logos, text, videos, and applications,

Positioning elements like images, logos, text, videos, and applications, Utilizing coding

languages such as HTML and CSS for layout and styling, Creating optimized versions of

websites and pages for both desktop and mobile platforms.

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To make sure a website is suitable for mobile users, the designer can use a responsive

template that adapts to various screen dimensions or opt for a mobile-specific design that

becomes active when the website is accessed on a non-desktop device. Consistency in the layout

across different platforms helps build trust with visitors. In responsive design, content adapts

seamlessly depending on the screen's dimensions. Web designers utilize the various phases of the

standard web design process to apply these design methods, customizing them to meet the

particular preferences and goals of their clients or employers for the website. Web designers

develop templates, prototypes, and mockups to communicate their concepts for a website's visual

aesthetics, structure, and color schemes. They employ productivity tools to craft these designs,

drawing upon their understanding of fundamental coding abilities, user interface and experience

principles, as well as color theory. The extent of their responsibilities may range from crafting

individual web pages to designing the entire look and feel of a website, depending on their role.

IMPORTANCE OF VISUAL APPEAL ON A WEBSITE

The importance of visual appeal in website design cannot be overstated for several

reasons (The Role of Visual Appeal in Web Design, 2022). Firstly, it plays a critical role in

attracting attention and engaging visitors. Just as a bride stands out on her wedding day, a well-

designed website becomes distinctive through the right visuals. People are naturally drawn to

attractive designs and images, making it a key factor in visitor engagement.

Furthermore, visual appeal contributes to creating a vital first impression. As the saying

goes, "first impressions last longer," and this is especially true in web design. A negative initial
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impression can deter visitors from returning, emphasizing the significance of visual appeal in

building brand affinity.

A positive first impression can lead to increased overall satisfaction, as demonstrated in

studies linking expectations and usability ratings. Visual appeal can also increase tolerance,

allowing it to compensate for other potential deficits in a website. While striving for a perfect

website is ideal, exceptional visual design can make visitors more forgiving of other

shortcomings.

In conclusion, visual appeal is of paramount importance in web design. Making a positive

first impression is essential, as visitors form quick judgments about a site within milliseconds.

Investing in quality design is advised, as that initial second on a website can be the most critical

in shaping visitor perception.

Aside from that, another article also stated that the role of aesthetics in user experience is

pivotal, as it fosters an emotional connection with users and significantly impacts their

perception and interaction with a product or service (Importance of Visually Appealing Interface

in UI & Web Design, 2023). A well-designed user interface, aesthetically pleasing and user-

friendly, enhances the user experience by making it enjoyable and efficient. It aids in avoiding

user frustration and confusion.

Aesthetic choices influence the emotional responses of users, evoking feelings such as

happiness, trust, or sophistication. These emotional responses are integral to good web design
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and contribute to the product's brand identity. Aesthetic elements like design language, visual

style, and typography help establish recognition and memorability.

The impact of visually appealing interfaces on user experience is profound. A well-

crafted UI enhances user engagement and makes it easier for users to navigate and find

information. From a business perspective, a visually appealing interface builds trust, credibility,

and professionalism, boosting customer loyalty and the likelihood of conversions.

Aesthetically pleasing interfaces also attract new customers and differentiate a product or

service from competitors, fostering brand loyalty and recognition. However, it's essential to

remember that aesthetics should be balanced with functionality and usability. An interface should

be intuitive, easy to navigate, and provide information clearly.

Furthermore, user interface design must consider the audience's specific needs, cultural

and linguistic differences, and accessibility requirements to ensure usability for all users,

including those with disabilities.

ENHANCING LEARNING EXPERIENCES OF ONLINE EDUCATION

According to Anglia (2021), online learning platforms offer students greater control over

their education. Some students prefer to study quietly, engage in interactive tasks, and face

challenges under pressure. With internet access, students can search for online platforms that can

assist them in comprehending specific topics they find challenging in school. Platforms like

online recipe finder significantly benefited culinary arts students by helping them develop their

skills and talents, while also enabling independent exploration. This approach is regarded as a
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form of self-directed learning that empowers students to learn and explore at their own pace,

enhancing their

ability to retain information since they can visually access the content whenever they need it.

Additionally, culinary arts students have the chance to work in a comfortable environment,

whether they are at home or in school, which aids in the development of their skills.

As these online platforms are accessible at any time, it's crucial to create a comfortable

working environment. A messy or chaotic workspace can significantly affect the learning

progress of students, particularly those in culinary arts. Having a comfortable learning

environment can significantly enhance a student's ability to absorb and comprehend information

effectively. Moreover, it enables them to efficiently manage their time without the interference of

external distractions, ultimately facilitating easier, more productive work and the possibility of

completing tasks ahead of schedule. Online education is becoming more popular due to

technological advancements and improved user experiences. It offers effective learning with

several advantages compared to traditional methods but also comes with its own set of

challenges.

Understanding the benefits of online learning is important for making informed decisions

about your or your child's education. This article discusses the importance of online learning for

both students and educators. Online learning offers the advantage of allowing children to select

their preferred learning environment, which can enhance their comfort and overall learning

experience.
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INTEGRATION OF TECHNOLOGY TO EDUCATION

The integration of technology into our society has significantly improved our daily

interactions with the world. This encompasses a wide array of modern tools, including gadgets,

appliances, and artificial intelligence (A.I.) models, which have become integral parts of our

lives. Among the numerous benefits of technology, one of the most noteworthy is its role in

education, particularly the utilization of digital tools for student learning. Digital tools are

adaptable and can

be tailored to suit the specific needs of individual courses, as highlighted by Bohea (2021).

These modern educational strategies encompass various resources, such as recorded

lecture videos and edited instructional videos. These video resources are not only easy to produce

but also highly effective in disseminating information to students. They enhance the learning

experience by providing visual aids that aid in comprehension and retention of the material

discussed in each video. Such content is readily accessible to everyone via the internet. Many

individuals can learn from lecture videos and well-edited instructional videos readily available

on platforms like YouTube.

Whether you're a culinary arts student or someone interested in cooking as a hobby, the

internet offers a wealth of content to help you develop your skills. Furthermore, they can

incorporate additional accessibility features, like automated closed captions or transcriptions,

with ease. Digital resources offer enhanced accessibility, allowing users to adjust playback speed

as needed. They have the flexibility to accelerate through content they are already familiar with,
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and they can revisit or replay material that poses challenges. Technology enables distinctive

forms of engagement and conversation, such as the quick setup of breakout rooms, and it also

facilitates communication through chat channels.

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TEACHING TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND METHOD

According to Main (2022), an innovative teaching technique and method that a teacher

applies to support a student to learn. The teacher selects a teaching strategy most suited for the

current level of knowledge of the students. Implementing the practice of dividing a class into

groups for collaborative tasks is a highly effective teaching strategy. It's advisable to promote

interactions among learners with varying levels of proficiency in the subject matter. This

approach allows students who possess a deeper understanding of the topic to share their

knowledge and assist their peers in comprehending the subject more thoroughly. Research on

classroom teaching has demonstrated that teachers can foster cooperative learning by organizing

the class into smaller groups and assigning diverse tasks to students.

Despite personal teaching preferences, it is essential to explore evidence-based

educational concepts to enhance teaching practices. In addition, visualization is a powerful

technique in education that helps students retain and synthesize information. This is beneficial

for individuals who may encounter difficulties in the learning process. Effective teachers employ

visual aids such as flowcharts, graphic organizers, concept maps, and Venn diagrams to enhance

students' comprehension and retention through visual learning. Designing educational

opportunities that incorporate both active listening and verbal communication. When introducing

a new topic, provide context regarding the relevant academic concepts. Engage students in

activities like group

discussions and brainstorming. Encourage learners to vocalize the questions by reading

them aloud. Arrange students into groups conducive to vocal collaboration. Conclude the session
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by summarizing the key points covered in the lesson. Utilizing conventional teaching techniques,

which involve practices like transcribing notes, reading from textbooks, and taking notes. Ensure

students are given written materials in the form of worksheets and text-rich resources. Instruct

students to rephrase their notes, utilize bullet-point lists, convert visual aids like charts and

diagrams into written descriptions, and prompt them to refer to written texts. Lastly, kinesthetic

learning is the most hands-on and physical. Learners with a kinesthetic preference understand

and absorb information most effectively through instructional methods that involve physical

activities, motion, movement, and tactile experiences. Incorporate physical actions into teaching

approaches; offer learners practical, hands-on exposure; utilize flashcards as a teaching tool;

encourage students to participate in classroom activities using tangible materials; and request

students to illustrate information through drawings in formative assessments.

Furthermore, efficiently integrating technological tools as active learning methods in

education can cultivate an energetic learning environment and support educators in improving

their teaching strategies. Classroom technology plays a pivotal role, equipping students with

21st-century skills. The incorporation of tools like PowerPoint, videos, virtual classrooms,

robotics, and augmented reality not only adds vibrancy to the learning space but also enhances

inclusivity and effectiveness. This setting encourages curiosity, fosters student collaboration, and

empowers educators to collect data on student progress. Student responses to the sudden

integration of technology in education were diverse. In certain geographical areas, there was a

significant enhancement in student involvement.

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Conversely, for individuals with insufficient technological access at home, the remote

learning experience was less positive. Integrating technology into contemporary classrooms has

the potential to improve education by promoting collaborative learning, enhancing oral

communication abilities, and fostering dialogic teaching.

USEFULNESS AND IMPORTANCE OF ONLINE RECIPE FINDER WEBSITES

Jassal (2023) states that given that recipe applications provide a wide variety of recipes,

these can be very important. Before technological advancement and the creation of mobile apps,

cookbooks ruled the food industry. Flipping through pages to obtain recipes is now regarded as

"old school" due to a few innovations in the food industry, but today is different. The recipe app

has a number of features, including search capabilities that can be useful while using the recipes.

According to AIContentfy team (2023), home cooks and chefs can use technology to

locate new recipes based on ingredients they already have on hand or certain cuisines they are

interested in. This can be used to modify recipes and come up with novel dishes by fusing

various components and cooking techniques. There are countless options, and technology is

constantly developing and getting better, increasing its value to the food business.

Additionally, Ślusarczyk (2023) stated that food bloggers and recipe websites go above

and beyond to assist their readers. In addition to offering recipes, they often do this by providing

step-by-step directions and DIY tips. They offer alternatives for persons with allergies and other

dietary limitations and provide information for those with particular dietary needs. Additionally,

they can offer details on the cultural import or past of particular foods and dishes.
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RECIPE FINDER WEBSITES

As stated to an article by Jassal (2023), a recipe application is an online resource that

provides users with a wide range of cooking instructions for preparing different cuisines. These

applications offer a practical and pleasant way to discover new recipes and hone cooking

techniques thanks to features like recipe search, user profiles, meal planning, cooking timers, and

step-by-step instructions.

HOW RECIPE FINDER WEBSITES HELPS END FOOD WASTE

Hellmann (2023) claims that by utilizing online recipe finder websites, users can look for

recipes that use the exact ingredients they have leftover in their kitchen to help them use up the

ingredients before they become food waste. This has helped users reduce their food waste by

over 40%.

THE USE OF RECIPES IN SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media is an effective tool for promoting consumer behavior change, increasing

access to educational resources, creating community participation, and improving food and

nutrition literacy. It might encourage people, even teenagers, to choose healthier foods, develop

their cooking abilities, and broaden their nutritional understanding.

This acknowledges the range and importance of social media in influencing people's

views and behaviors to food and nutrition. By offering teaching tools, social media can play a

significant part in sharing data-based knowledge about nutritious eating, cooking techniques, and

dietary advice. It can also provide opportunities for interaction with other individuals who share

their interests, story-sharing, and inspiring one another to live better lives (Silva, 2023).
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Social media also has a significant impact on how people behave as consumers. Through

various strategies, including persuasive messaging, influencer marketing, and interactive content,

social media platforms can influence people's perceptions of food and their preferences and

purchasing decisions. This can affect behavior change, resulting in healthier food choices and

better overall nutrition.

Social media can encourage anyone, including adolescents, to take responsibility of their

own health and to establish well-informed choices about their nutritional habits by offering a

platform for educational content, community involvement, and behavior change programs. It

provides an accessible and engaging environment for people to improve their nutritional

awareness, learn new recipes or cooking skills, and participate in discussions and support

networks focusing on healthier eating habits.

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN ONLINE RECIPE SHARING

Social media and online platforms in promoting plant-based and vegan diets has resulted

in a major change in the food industry. Bedford (2023) claims that social media and internet

platforms have also played a significant role in promoting plant-based and vegan lifestyles. Food

bloggers, influencers, and celebrities have utilized their online platforms to highlight delightful

plant-based meals and share personal stories about switching to cruelty-free diets. The visual

attractiveness of brilliant, colorful dishes has captivated the attention of a large audience, sparked

people's interest and inspired them to explore these food choices for themselves. The ease with

which information, from recipes to nutritional advice, is available online has simplified the

transition to a plant-based diet, making it easier for people to adopt this way of life.
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Social media and online platforms in promoting plant-based and vegan diets has resulted

in a major change in the food industry. Plant-based eating has affected consumer choices,

encouraged businesses to adapt, and normalized plant-based offerings in common culture. This

increased understanding and acceptance of plant-based diets helps to create a more inclusive,

sustainable, and ethical food environment that aligns with individuals' and society's developing

preferences and values.

LOCAL

YOUTUBE UTILIZATION IN SCHOOLS

The development of social media has been unavoidable and is now utilized by people

coming from a wide range of walks of life. YouTube is one of the most well-known social media

platforms. It is an online website that hosts videos on a variety of subjects. They use it for a

variety of objectives, including engagement, having fun and being entertained, making

relationships, conducting business, and even learning.

YouTube currently plays a crucial function in the educational environment. It's possible

that watching videos on YouTube will give students a greater opportunity to express themselves

creatively, as well as motivate them to work more and pay closer attention in class. YouTube

videos are used in the classroom to increase student engagement and facilitate their academic

growth. Because of this, YouTube is influencing how students engage with one another and how

they study in today's world (Caratiquit, 2022).

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Even though the vast majority of internet users in the Philippines have an account on

YouTube, there doesn't seem to be a great deal of research or studies focusing on the use of

YouTube as a supplementary tool in educational or instructional environments, at least according

to the published journals that are primarily available through Research Gate or Google Scholar.

According to Muico (2019), the learning outcomes and skills of the subject are improved

for the students when YouTube videos are used in the classroom and serve as supplemental

materials to help them better comprehend abstract subject matter. It was also discovered that

after the use of YouTube in the classroom, there was a noticeable rise in the student's

performance on exams measuring their grammatical competence (Muico, 2023).

Furthermore, YouTube allows teachers to easily distribute professional-level multimedia

lessons to their students. In the meantime, it is also a tool for students to express and present their

ideas and concepts through the engagement that is generated by watching the video classes

(Abawan, 2019). It is simple to link to or embed YouTube videos in online course content or

discussion forums, which is one of the evident advantages of employing YouTube in education.

In conclusion, students who are visual learners can benefit from videos since they can

more effectively understand the topic and it is also simple to link to or add YouTube videos in an

online course.

FILIPINO COOKBOOKS
In a journal article authored by Oriel in 2019, there was a recommendation for six

Filipino-authored cookbooks that individuals can consider adding to their book collection. As
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reported in an Asian Journal profile, the sole cookbook store in Los Angeles, owned by the

couple Ken Conception and Michelle Mungcal, experienced a notable upswing in cookbook

sales over the preceding two years. This surge was attributed to the growing preference among

people for dining at home, exploring regional cuisines through cooking, and cherishing

cookbooks as decorative items for display.

As an increasing number of Filipino-centered restaurants continue to establish themselves

throughout the United States, there has been a notable surge in the publication of cookbooks

dedicated to Filipino cuisine. These cookbooks, in contrast to merely focusing on the well-known

classic dishes, venture further into the heart of Filipino culinary culture, exploring not only the

intricacies of feasting but also delving into the rich tapestry of regional influences that shape this

vibrant and diverse cuisine.

The initial cookbook featured in the article is titled “I Am a Filipino (And This is How

We Cook).” It was written by Nicole Ponseca and Miguel Trinidad of Maharlika and Jeepney in

New York City, received recognition on Best of 2018 lists and was recommended by Asian

Journal to start off 2019. This cookbook, spanning from classic Filipino dishes to street food,

was born from Ponseca and Trinidad's culinary experiences and their extensive travels to uncover

the history and culture of the Philippines. Ponseca emphasized the importance of understanding

Filipino cuisine as a global culinary treasure. She compared it to well-regarded cuisines like

French, Italian, Nordic, and Israeli, emphasizing the need for respect and appreciation. Filipino

food, she explained, carries a rich culinary tradition and discipline that deserves recognition.
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Next is “The New Filipino Kitchen: Stories and Recipes from Around the Globe,” which

was edited by Jacqueline Chio-Lauri. It was released in 2018 after almost three years of

development. This cookbook comprises of 30 recipes and narratives contributed by Filipinos

from around the world. Notable contributors include White House Executive Chef Cristeta

Comerford, Bocuse d’Or Norway winner Christian André Pettersen, 2015 MasterChef New

Zealand runner-up Leo Fernandez, accomplished poet Francis Macansantos, and renowned

figure "Food Buddha" Rodelio Aglibot. Lauri, who has lived in several countries beyond the

Philippines and now resides in the United Kingdom, expressed her desire for Filipino cuisine to

become more readily available on a global scale during her interview with the Asian Journal in

January.

Next is “Pulutan! Filipino Bar Bites, Appetizers and Street Eats,” which was the second

cookbook that was written by Marvin Gapulatos, who also authored the food blog “Burnt

Lumpia.” The name “Pulutan” was derived from the Filipino term that is used for a food that is

paired with alcoholic drinks. Growing up in a family where snacking and drinking were a

common thing to happen, he was inspired to write this cookbook. Moreover, his interest in

cocktails had him motivated to cook and write about Filipino food. Gapultos conveyed that

writing a cookbook that was exclusively dedicated to Filipino drinking food exemplifies the

vastness, complexity, and diversity of Filipino cuisine. He noted the limited availability of

Filipino cookbooks in the United States just a decade ago and expressed a desire for people to

gain a deeper appreciation of the various facets of Filipino cooking. The cookbook comprises of

60 recipes, each thoughtfully suggesting a suitable beer or cocktail pairing, making them
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accessible to cooks of all skill levels. It features a diverse array of dishes that were commonly

seen in a drinking session by our friends and family.

Another cookbook was also featured in the article is the “Quintessential Filipino

Cooking” written by Liza Agbanlog, which was an extension of her recipe Blog “Salu Salo.” She

developed this collection of 75 recipes while residing in Vancouver, Canada, with her family

since the 1990s. These recipes draw inspiration from her childhood memories, lessons learned

from loved ones, and contemporary interpretations of Filipino cuisine. Agbanlog expressed her

hopes for the cookbook. She aspires to offer those who grew up with Filipino food the means to

recreate the beloved dishes of their childhood. Additionally, she aims to introduce those less

familiar with Filipino cuisine to its flavors and culture, fostering an appreciation for this diverse

culinary tradition.

Lastly, "Baking at République," by Margarita "Marge," Manzke serves as a valuable

resource for aspiring home cooks and pastry chefs. Manzke, celebrated with four-time

semifinalist recognition from the James Beard Foundation and as the owner of République, Sari

Sari Store, and several cafes, provides clear instructions for mastering recipes that span from

brioche to basic cake batter.

Manzke has expressed that the book, in her own words, aims to offer a broad spectrum of

recipes, ranging from straightforward cookies with only four ingredients to more intricate

creations, all with the intention of bringing joy to its readers. Additionally, the cookbook
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explores Manzke's Filipino heritage, featuring recipes like halo halo, coconut cream pie,

bibingka, and ginataan.

The surge in Filipino-centered restaurants and the publication of cookbooks dedicated to

Filipino cuisine reflect the growing interest in and appreciation for this vibrant and diverse

culinary tradition. These cookbooks offer a rich tapestry of recipes and stories that celebrate

Filipino culture and heritage. These cookbooks collectively showcase the significance of Filipino

cuisine as a global culinary treasure that deserves respect, appreciation, and wider recognition.

As more people explore and savor Filipino flavors, these cookbooks serve as bridges connecting

cultures and fostering a deeper appreciation for the richness of Filipino cooking traditions.

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

FOREIGN

USER INTERFACE

In a study by Heimgartner (2019), it delves into the implications increasing globalization

on user interface design, underscoring the critical importance of incorporating cultural

preferences into the product development process to align with user expectations. It underscores

the necessity of adapting products for the international market as a foundational step in creating

international IT products. Many designers and project managers often fail to fully appreciate the

extent of cultural distinctions in other countries, emphasizing the essential requirement for

special attention to UI development. The influence of international usability on market success is

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substantial, although it presents a formidable design challenge demanding unwavering

commitment.

The development of intercultural user interfaces encompasses all phases of human-

machine interaction (HMI) design, with an inherent consideration for cultural influences. The

approach proves beneficial and financially rewarding when designers and developers incorporate

principles and recommendations for intercultural human-machine interaction throughout

individual product development stages. This approach to intercultural user interfaces empowers

users from diverse cultural backgrounds to effectively engage with products from various

cultural manufacturers. It highlights the pivotal role of integrating cultural considerations in the

development of intercultural user interfaces and accentuates the importance of sensitizing

product manufacturers through education, training, and consultation with product stakeholders.

USER SATISFACTION

A study in Iran examined the relationship between web design attributes (such as

personalization, structure, navigation, layout, search, and performance) and users' personal

characteristics on website usability and user satisfaction, involving 798 online banking users

(Dianat, 2019). The research revealed that the evaluated websites were not considered

satisfactory by users. The main predictors of website usability were found to be web layout and

performance, while users' personal characteristics (gender, age, and web usage experience) did

not significantly affect usability. User satisfaction, on the other hand, was primarily influenced

by web design attributes, particularly web structure, rather than users' personal characteristics.

Additionally, a significant relationship between website usability and user satisfaction was
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observed. In conclusion, the study suggests that website designers should prioritize web design

attributes, particularly web layout and structure, to enhance website usability and user

satisfaction, regardless of the personal characteristics of users.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN USER-SATISFACTION AND WEB-QUALITY

The study of Chen, et. al. (2020) showed that customer satisfaction is the state of pleasure

or disappointment formed by the comparison of the perceived effect of a product or service with

the expected value. Previous scholars and experts have conducted many studies on customer

satisfactions and established models, which can be divided into macro- and micro-models.

The study collected user experience data on online education platforms in China during

the COVID-19pandemic. Through emotion data analysis of online user reviews, the authors

concluded that Ding Ding and Tencent Class provided high quality services, while Chaoxing

Learning and MOOC encountered several problems, such as the inability to submit the learnings

time, lags, and a significant video delay.

User satisfaction is explained by information quality, e-learning system quality, instructor

attitude toward e-learning, diversity in assessment, and learner interaction with others. Individual

impacts on e-learning usage are determined by use of e-learning systems, user satisfaction, and

system quality. The analysis highlighted the significance of addressing technological concerns

within the platforms to enhance the overall user experience. Recommendations encompassed

improvements in platform design to ensure simplicity and user-friendliness, resolution of

adaptability issues (e.g., mobile orientation problems), reinforcement of privacy features,

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provision of customer service support, and refinement of platform features (e.g., allowing profile

picture modifications, synchronizing video progress bars). Notably, network-related challenges

such as internet delays and congestion were recognized as critical technical obstacles impacting

user satisfaction.

Additionally, the study emphasized the necessity of enriching two-way interaction within

online teaching environments. The importance of interaction quality in influencing user

satisfaction with online teaching platforms was highlighted. The research underscored the need

to introduce various interactive formats within the platform, such as real-time lectures, face-to-

face interactions, and student-created learning videos, to boost learning engagement and enhance

the overall quality of education.

The study focuses on gauging satisfaction in online education during the COVID-19

pandemic, pinpointing platform accessibility as a vital factor affecting user contentment. The

authors recommended increasing investment in technological research and development to

amplify platform accessibility and enhance user satisfaction in online educational services.

Financing strategies for online education platforms are examined, considering two segments:

platforms that charge fees and those that don't. In the case of fee-charging platforms, the article

draws on existing education financing literature. For fee-free platforms, it proposes three

financing methods: internal financing utilizing accumulated capital and retained profits, seeking

investment from educational institutions, and exploring debt financing avenues such as bond

issuance to finance technological progress for heightened platform accessibility. Additionally, a

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tangible collaboration instance with a reputable university is cited to exemplify the suggested

financing approach.

RECIPE FINDER ALGORITHMS

In 2019, a study conducted by Praveen, et. al. employed a methodology for discovering

recipes based on ingredients using machine learning. This approach featured three main

components: a System Architecture Diagram, Data Creation & Preprocessing, and the utilization

of KNN Classification.

System Architecture Diagram illustrates the overall architecture for discovering recipes

based on ingredients through machine learning. It begins with data collection from popular food

websites like "foodnetwork," "Jamie Oliver," and "food club." The scraped data often lacks

structure and requires cleaning by removing spaces and stop words. The refined data is stored

in .xls or .CSV files. Users will input their available ingredients through a web interface. The K-

Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Classification algorithm is used to convert the input into a vector

format and match it with trained data, ultimately recommending recipes. The final output is

presented on user-friendly websites.

Data Creation and Preprocessing focuses on the data preprocessing procedures,

distinguishing between crawling and data scraping. Crawling involves deep web page

exploration using web crawlers, while data scraping retrieves information from various sources.

Web crawlers systematically browse the web for indexing purposes. Chrome extensions, such as

Agenty Web Scraper and Spider web scraper, are used to scrape data from websites like
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cookpad.com, russianfood.com, and thekitchen.com. The gathered data is often unstructured,

necessitating cleaning and conversion into a structured format before storage in .xls or .CSV

files.

While K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Classification delves into algorithm's three parts:

Sampling, Training, and Class assignment. In sampling, user-input ingredients are converted into

vector format. Training involves assigning predefined vector values to ingredients, determining

classes based on ingredient weightage. The algorithm calculates the nearest distance between

sampled and trained data, assigning the appropriate class to recommend recipes to the user.

Furthermore, an ingredient or recipe algorithm using web mining and web scraping for

smart chef by Chaudhari, et. al. (2020) focuses on the practice of web scraping recipes and

ingredients to enable chefs to find recipes based on specific ingredients. It assists chefs in

managing their ingredient choices, making ingredient-based recipe selections, and maintaining

diet plans. Initially, the study concentrates on a select group of websites, extracting critical data

including recipe names, ingredients, and links to the recipes. This information is then stored in a

MongoDB database. Web scraping is employed to convert web-based information into a format

suitable for storage. With this ingredient information, chefs can create diet plans for customers or

offer ingredient recommendations based on customer preferences or health conditions.

The proposed work encompasses four main functions: scraping recipe websites to gather

recipe-related data, storing the extracted data in a MongoDB database, retrieving information

from this recipe database, and implementing a smart chef application.

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Scraping recipe websites involves extracting details like recipe names, ingredients, and

recipe URLs from recipe-related websites. Storing the extracted data in a MongoDB database

includes saving these three fields for later use. The database is a valuable resource for the smart

chef application, which takes recipe names and ingredients as input in list form and provides a

list of recipes that use the specified ingredient.

The algorithm at the core of this system is designed for efficiency and flexibility in

collecting ingredients and recipe data for the smart chef application. The tools used include

PyCharm and MongoDB Compass, with Python and the Django framework facilitating web

scraping through the Scrapy package. The results of the web scraping process are stored in

MongoDB for future reference.

Python-based web scraping is a valuable tool for automatically gathering recipe data in

alignment with the needs of the proposed recipe algorithm. The collected data is then carefully

analyzed to extract ingredient-based recipes that adhere to specific diet plans prescribed by

medical practitioners. This approach enables customers to enjoy a diverse range of dishes while

still maintaining their health. Furthermore, it provides guidance to chefs on preparing food

intelligently, taking into account the health conditions and preferences of patients.

To enhance the efficiency of web scraping and recipe searching, machine learning

algorithms can be incorporated to automate the process of data extraction from web pages and

the subsequent recipe identification. This advanced approach can further streamline and optimize

the entire system.

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In future developments, users may have the option to input ingredients in image format. It

would involve the application of Image Processing techniques to detect the ingredients from

images. Additionally, with the integration of advanced machine learning techniques, the

discovery of new recipes using a user's available ingredients can become even more intelligent

and efficient. The ongoing evolution promises to offer enhanced capabilities and a more seamless

experience for the users.

In light of their findings, the authors affirm that Python-based web scraping is a valuable

tool for automatically gathering recipe data in alignment with the needs of the proposed recipe

algorithm. The collected data is then carefully analyzed to extract ingredient-based recipes that

adhere to specific diet plans prescribed by medical practitioners. This approach enables

customers to enjoy a diverse range of dishes while still maintaining their health. Furthermore, it

provides guidance to chefs on preparing food intelligently, taking into account the health

conditions and preferences of patients.

RECIPE FINDER WEBSITES

By the definition of Vyas (2023), a food recipe website is a platform that allows people to

share and access cooking recipes from various cultures throughout the world. These websites

offer a large collection of easy recipes for a variety of foods, ranging from appetizers to main

courses to desserts. The growing popularity of online recipe websites has made it easier to find,

save, and share recipes. These websites also give food bloggers and home chefs a platform to

seek attention and share their culinary creations with a larger audience.
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Aside from recipes, online food recipe websites provide cooking guidelines, cooking tips,

and culinary skills to make cooking easier and more enjoyable. Some websites even include

forums and communities where food enthusiasts from all over the world may discuss and share

their thoughts on food-related topics. Online food recipe websites have become a vital resource

for people who want to create healthy and delicious meals at home in today's fast-paced society.

They provide kitchen convenience, inspiration, and innovation, as well as a platform for a

diverse culinary experience.

THE USE OF RECIPES IN SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media is a useful tool for increasing food literacy, healthy eating habits, and

general wellbeing since it may promote the rapid diffusion of knowledge, offer a platform for

connection and engagement, and offer a massive reservoir of food-related content. As stated by

Steils and Obaidalahe (2020), social media promotes the quick spread of knowledge on food and

could be used as a policy tool to increase food literacy, healthy eating, and overall wellbeing. In a

social environment, food literacy can be positively or negatively co-constructed. Consumers can

participate directly or indirectly in the development of food literacy on three distinct levels

(evaluation, ideas for adaptations, and procedural critiques), with varying degrees of broadness

and depth of contribution.

THE IMPACT OF ONLINE RECIPES ON COOKING

The way recipes are shared, found, and consumed has changed hugely due to the social

media environment and the popularity of online recipe-sharing platforms. These platforms have
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established an environment where people may interact with other food lovers, discover a wide

range of international cuisines, and influence one another's dietary preferences. As stated by

Blackburn et al. (2020), everyday meal choices usually reveal one's personality and way of

living. For instance, social groups, food documentaries, or the desire for fitness/weight control

can frequently persuade people to change their eating preferences. These dietary changes could

bring attention to important life events, an overall change in lifestyle, or a person's environment.

Examining the language people use to share recipes is one approach to learn about the cultural

food habits of distinct groups. This is crucial since, in contrast with traditional recipe books, new

recipes can now be found online with only a click, creating online communities for recipe

sharing. People can build conversation about opinions or suggestions while also sharing their

most passionate or recently discovered recipes.

Over the past decade, the number of food blogs, culinary videos, and recipe-sharing

websites has exploded. The fourth most popular topic on YouTube in 2014 was "How to Cook."

Similar to Tasty, a Facebook page owned by the media company BuzzFeed, short video recipes

on Tasty have amassed millions of views and likes. Online recipe sharing affects dietary

decisions, as seen by the sheer volume of reviews on sites like epicurious.com and

allrecipes.com. In fact, Internet studies indicate that the language used on social media sites

reveals details regarding people’s health, food communication (Blackburn, et al., 2020), and

eating behaviors.

People can access many recipes, participate in discussions, leave reviews, and offer

helpful tips and advice through online recipe-sharing sites like Epicurious and Allrecipes. Online
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recipe sharing's interactive component encourages a sense of community and allows people to

gain knowledge from one another's experiences.

Additionally, the internet makes it simple to share recipes in a variety of formats, such as

written instructions, illustrated step-by-step instructions, and interesting video content. By using

a variety of media, recipes become more interesting and pleasing to users, increasing user

engagement and inspiration.

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN ONLINE RECIPE SHARING

Through virtual food communities, social media communities are influencing the food

industry. On many social media platforms, there are virtual food communities where food

enthusiasts with various interests and hobbies may come together to develop a strong

community. Consumption communities built around goods, services, and brands have expanded

quickly, and people look for identification in groups they can identify with. Numerous online

food communities have emerged because of social media, including some unusual food societies

that have been revived by it. The food industry has benefited from the influence of virtual food

communities with blogs, forums, and feeds on social media sites like Instagram and Facebook.

Virtual food communities continue to influence and shape trends in the rapidly changing

food landscape, demonstrating their evident influence on the food industry. The way individuals

find, interact with, and consume food-related material has changed because of the expertise,

enthusiasm, and engagement that these communities have collectively demonstrated (Singh

2021).
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Online food communities significantly influence consumer preferences and actions.

Members of these communities frequently discuss their opinions, suggestions, and experiences

with various foods, restaurants, and culinary work. These discussions and interactions can

influence community members' choices and purchases and have an impact on the larger

consumer base.

In the food industry, virtual food communities act as a breeding environment for

innovation. Members encourage and challenge one another to think creatively and push beyond

the boundaries of traditional eating conventions as they exchange their culinary experiments,

recipes, and food hacks. This innovative mindset encompasses the sector, driving the invention

of new products, menu items, and cooking methods.

LEARNING SKILL ACQUISITION TECHNIQUES AS A STRATEGY OF IMPROVING

CULINARY SKILLS

Culinary education serves as a valuable and creative opportunity for individuals looking

to enhance their cooking skills and culinary knowledge. It is a journey that goes beyond learning

how to cook; it is an effort for discovering the whole spectrum of creativity as part of the subject

of food and cooking, and it symbolizes a never-ending process of learning and progress. Culinary

learning, in its most basic form, is a means for people to dig into the complicated and varied

world of food creation and appearance. It serves as an opportunity for people to obtain a better

awareness of different foods, flavors, techniques, and traditions. Individuals go on a transforming

journey through culinary education, allowing them to gain confidence in their abilities and

expand their views.

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According to Asher et al (2022) higher-level cooking skills and more frequent home

cooking is associated with increased vegetable intake and higher diet quality. Culinary nutrition

(CN) promotes healthy sustainable dietary patterns by incorporating nutrition practice, food

science and culinary arts. CN interventions have been shown to improve diet-related health and

improve fruit and vegetable intake, knowledge, skill and confidence in cooking. Each minute of

every day becomes an opportunity to make progress in this goal. Each passing day is an

opportunity to try new dishes, try out new culinary techniques, and optimize one's taste. Culinary

education is a continuing undertaking that increases a daily dedication to progress,

whether it is learning the art of knife skills, improving the balance of flavors in a sauce, or

serving a dish with creative flare.

The culinary training is not just available in academic educational institutions or in

commercial kitchens. The wealth of information easily accessible nowadays can make it a

personal and self-driven experience. The availability of studying the culinary arts has never been

greater because of the development of online recipe search engines, cooking tutorials, and food

communities.

LOCAL

USER-PERCEIVED QUALITY WEBSITE PERFORMANCE

In today's digital age, websites play a pivotal role in disseminating information,

promoting businesses, and influencing users' decisions. The user experience on a website,

particularly the perception of its quality, significantly impacts user behavior and decisions.
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Usability encompasses factors such as navigation ease, clarity, and overall user-

friendliness. A user-friendly interface is crucial for enhancing the user experience and ultimately

influencing travel intention. A critical component of usability is the color combination, design,

and layout of buttons and menus. Moreover, the persuasiveness of a website is another critical

factor that significantly influences travel intention. An appealing and attractive website design

can stimulate users' interest and encourage them to consider a travel destination. This finding

underscores the importance of visual elements, graphics, and multimedia content in shaping

users' perceptions of a website's persuasiveness.

Contrary to usability and persuasiveness, information completeness and credibility do not

emerge as significant predictors of travel intention in some studies. Users do not necessarily

prioritize the quantity of information provided on a website or the website's official credibility

when making travel decisions. Instead, it appears that how information is presented plays a more

substantial role in influencing their perceptions.

The authors then conclude that the system is designed to empower users to choose recipes

based on the ingredients they have available. The recipe selection process is not only smarter but

also user-friendly, making it easy for individuals to find the right recipes. The system can classify

a wide range of recipes based on the ingredients at hand, allowing for more personalized and

relevant recommendations.

ANDROID FILIPINO RECIPE APP

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Cooking is something that most people must do every day. Cooking is also a big part of a

country's history and traditions. It directly portrays the lavish and detailed nature of a group of

people in a particular place, country, or region. In addition to this, the Philippines has been

regarded as one of the countries with the richest culture and traditions, especially in terms of

cuisine. Filipino food is well-known around the world because it has unique flavors, smells, and

tastes. In this article, we will review a study conducted in the Philippines on how using a Filipino

Recipe App can help students learn more about various kinds of local food.

The aim of the research conducted by Mendoza, et. al (2019), the iLuto: A Filipino

Recipe App For Android, was to provide a solution to the problem that a cooking enthusiast faces

when trying to decide what kind of food to cook by providing them with an application that can

store all of their preferred recipes while also containing a variety of other recipes that are readily

available for viewing without the need for an internet connection. Participants in the survey

included forty (40) evaluator respondents, with ten (10) being IT experts comprising Android

developers and designers, and the remaining thirty (30) mobile end users.

To gather information, the developers disseminated an evaluation form with a pen

together with the Android devices on which the application was installed. After distributing the

Android device and evaluation form, the developers let the evaluators investigate and interact

with the application to familiarize themselves with its various features so that they can accurately

evaluate the application. After allowing time to explore the application, the evaluators used the

evaluation instrument to analyze the application to see if the developers had met all the standards

provided. Completed evaluation forms were gathered and analyzed.

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The overall combined evaluation results of IT experts and end-users are "Highly

Acceptable" with a "3.62" Mean and "0.84" Standard Deviation. The findings of the evaluation

indicate that the mobile application is an effective tool for users to learn and improve their

abilities in cooking Filipino cuisine.

In conclusion, the use of Recipe Applications has the potential to significantly improve

students' understanding of various cuisines in the Philippines. Students who aspire to cook

should explore Recipe applications that will assist them in comprehending and learning more

about the various Filipino recipes.

ONLINE VIDEO TUTORIALS IN ENHANCING COOKING SKILLS

In today's world, technology plays a very crucial part in education, which is particularly

important given the fact that traditional schools have been disrupted as a result of the COVID-19

pandemic. To provide additional learning opportunities for students beyond those implemented

by the Department of Education (DepEd), professionals, specifically teachers, have provided

online video tutorials on multiple platforms. Online video tutorials are instructional materials

that provide step-by-step instructions on a particular topic and are available in the form of videos

on the Internet. Videos seen online, particularly on YouTube, have been beneficial to society in

many ways. These videos contained both educational and entertaining material.

This study by Dimailig, et. al. (2022) investigated the effects of these learning materials

on the Cookery students who participated in this study, as well as how these materials can help

them improve their cooking abilities. This study's respondents are 12th-grade Cooking Students
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pursuing a Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL). Additionally, questionnaires were used by

the researchers to collect data. Through this method, the researchers can collect data for use in

their investigation.

The study's findings show that using online video tutorials as a tool to help develop

students' cooking skills is significant. It shows that it can help students enhance their

comprehension and understanding in other ways. Moreover, the study reveals that by watching

video tutorials, students can acquire additional knowledge and information. Using only video

tutorials to learn and understand makes students more creative and gives them a current way to

watch and learn.

In conclusion, students in Senior High School who are enrolled in the Technical

Vocational Livelihood track, and more specifically those students who are enrolled in the

Cookery track, have found that the utilization of online video lessons is useful in both complying

with their performance tasks in school and improving their cooking skills overall.

LEARNING STYLES SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

It is vital, for the purpose of providing an efficient K–12 curriculum, to identify the

individual learning styles of Senior High School learners participating in a Commercial Cookery

program. Research was carried out by Nemenzo (2019) at the Froilan A. Alanano Memorial High

School located in the District of Dauin, which the researcher will utilize this study to help

administrators understand how cooking students visualize, listen to, and understand the new

learning with the assistance of the school's facilities and equipment. In addition, the primary
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purpose of this research was to determine the learning styles of senior high school students by

applying the Felder-Silverman Learning Styles model and analyzing how the students' learning

styles influenced their overall academic performance.

Students enrolled in the Commercial Cookery program at Froilan A. Alanano Memorial

High School in the Dauin District during the 2017–2018 academic year are the focus of this

questionnaire's respondents. The study made use of two questionnaires, namely the index

learning style questionnaire and the intervention questionnaire. Both were filled out by the

participants. This inventory was utilized to identify the learning methods of the students. To test

the validity of the surveys, 30 students with similar backgrounds and environments were given

them. In addition to that, the researcher was the one who handed out the surveys. Finally, the

surveys were gathered, the data were received and tallied in tables, and the findings were

reported by utilizing the percentage and the weighted mean.

The findings of this study also reveal that when students are categorized according to the

main learning method they employ, it is found that students who learn primarily through sensing

learning styles form the largest group. About half of that group is made up of people who learn

best as visual learners.

In conclusion, several of the students have indicated that when knowledge is provided

visually, it is much simpler for them to comprehend and remember the material. Students may

benefit from using visual learning as a useful method of study because it enables them to

comprehend and recall information more effectively.

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ADVANTAGES OF ONLINE LEARNING TO TEACHERS AND STUDENTS

Online learning brings comfort and convenience to teachers. Online learning provides

teachers with an effective method to teach students. It includes various tools like videos, PDFs,

podcasts, which teachers can incorporate into their lessons. By expanding their teaching

materials beyond just textbooks and using online resources, teachers can become more effective

educators. As stated by Aguinaldo (2021), online learning enables them to allocate more

resources towards enhancing their lessons and instructional videos, thus saving time, money, and

effort. Additionally, working remotely has eliminated the necessity for a daily commute to the

workplace. The study shows that junior high school teachers from Manila public schools

appreciate online learning because of its convenience and it gives them extra time to create the

learning materials they need.

Online learning is an effective strategy for students as it is adaptable and flexible with

student’s learning pace, and it is also convenient. In research conducted by Lapitan, et. al. in

2021, it shows the positive aspects of online learning to students majoring in Chemical

Engineering. It was highlighted that students were able to readily ask questions to their

instructors, and these questions are addressed during their live sessions. It was also highlighted

that students highly appreciated the creation of pre-recorded videos for its convenience in online

learning. They appreciated the opportunity for further clarification and in-depth explanations of

complex lessons during synchronous discussions. They expressed optimism as they found the

learning strategy enjoyable and emphasized its effectiveness in delivering content as they were

able to control the pace of learning. It was also supported by a research study conducted by Giray
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et. al. (2022), wherein they explore the online learning experiences of Filipino college students

during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study demonstrates that online learning allows students to

study from home, eliminating the need for travel, especially in the context of the pandemic,

promoting safety and peace of mind. Additionally, students have the freedom to learn at their

own pace, accessing video lectures and instructional materials as they choose. This contrasts with

the traditional in-person learning model, where there is less flexibility in terms of learning pace.

THE USE OF RECIPES TO REDUCE FOOD WASTE DURING THE PANDEMIC

During the pandemic, recipes played a crucial role in helping people reduce food waste

by promoting more efficient utilization of ingredients. With restrictions on dining out and limited

access to restaurants and malls in the Philippines, as instructed by Philippines Inter Agency Task

Force (IATF), individuals had to rely more on home-cooked meals. Tariga et al. (2021) observed

changes in consumption patterns during this period and it’s evident that recipes played a

significant role in shaping these changes. One way people used recipes to combat food waste by

creatively incorporating leftovers into new dishes. Recipes also played a pivotal role in helping

individuals plan their meals. With the need to limit grocery stores and make the most available

sources. This will help them purchase ingredients more thoughtfully and reduce the chances of

food. The statistics support the notion recipes were instrumental in reducing food waste during

the pandemic.

Moreover, it also shows that 98% of the respondents cooked their food every day,

highlighting the shift toward cooking. Furthermore, 78% of the respondents preferred organic

meals, which often require more careful planning and consumption to avoid spoilage. In
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conclusion, during the pandemic, recipes became valuable tools for individuals looking to

minimize food waste. Recipes helped people creatively use leftovers and plan their meals more

efficiently with a shift toward home-cooked meals during the pandemic.

In conclusion, during the pandemic, recipes emerged as invaluable tools for individuals

seeking to minimize food waste. They not only encouraged resourceful use of leftovers but also

facilitated more efficient meal planning, all of which contributed to a reduction in food waste.

Recipes played a pivotal role in shaping consumption patterns, emphasizing the importance of

home-cooked meals during the times of the pandemic.

THE USE OF RECIPES TO TEACH COOKING SKILLS DURING THE PANDEMIC

Recipes are essential in the area of food since they serve as the core Guidelines for

culinary efforts. They are a culinary compass, guiding individuals with attention to detail through

the delicate skill of food preparation. Recipes, in essence, are a set of keys that open the doors to

culinary mastery, providing both beginner and experienced cooks with an organized approach to

crafting delectable and well-balanced dishes. They are more than just a list of materials and

directions; they are a repository of information that distributes significant culinary methods and

knowledge (Mendoza, G., et al., 2019).

A recent study conducted by Tupas, F. P., & Banas, L. B. (2021) the use of recipes allows

cooks to experiment with new dishes and ingredients while maintaining a certain level of

consistency, bridging the gap between traditional and innovative cuisine. Through recipes,

people can travel the world of food, discovering new flavors and culinary skills that help them
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broaden their range of culinary options. Furthermore, using recipes as an opportunity to add

one's own style and modify dishes to fit one's own tastes encourages creativity, resulting in a

combination of innovation and tradition.

Recipes are therefore more than simply a list of instructions; they are crucial tools that let

people start cooking projects, develop their culinary talents, and share their appreciation of food

with others. The basis of culinary success, recipes enable both beginner and skilled cooks to

produce amazing culinary experiences, whether they are putting together a special meal or an

ordinary food.

THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ONLINE RECIPE FINDERS

Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to improve recipe finders is a huge step forward in the

field of culinary research. The use of AI within recipes finders has transformed the way

consumers explore, customize, and create gastronomic pleasures. These systems have become

increasingly proficient at identifying individual preferences, specific dietary needs, and even

recommending novel ingredient substitutes by utilizing the power of AI, resulting in a

substantially improved experience for consumers (Garcia, 2023).

AI-powered recipe search engines employ machine learning techniques to go through a

large collection of recipes, identify trends in flavors, ingredients, and cooking processes. This

enables them to offer consumers specific recommendations based on their own preferences and

previous cooking selections. For people with restricted diets, AI may suggest healthier options,

provide personalized meal plans, and even produce shopping lists based on recipes. Regardless
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of a person's degree of cooking ability, these unique characteristics increase access to cooking

and the satisfaction of it for more types of people.

Moreover, through artificial intelligence, recipe search engines are always learning and

changing, providing that their recommendations keep up with new food trends and personal

preferences. They can also give users of different abilities step-by-step visual instructions and

voice commands for actual time culinary help, making cooking easier and more accessible. In

summary, the incorporation of AI into recipe search engines signifies an evolution in the food the

industry by enabling consumers to discover, explore, and enjoy a wide variety of cuisines while

customizing them to their individual preferences and dietary requirements.

THE USE OF RECIPES TO CONNECT PEOPLE

An effective and unifying undertaking that promotes unity through the act of cooking and

developing one's culinary abilities. Together, people start on a shared adventure of culinary

exploration and knowledge as they cook a recipe. This group make an effort creates a sense of

community and skill improvement while also reinforcing relationships and enabling the

exchange of knowledge and techniques. (Collado, Z. C., 2020).

Making a recipe together provides an excellent foundation for skill development. It offers

a hands-on learning experience in which participants can experiment with different ingredients

and receive quick suggestions from one another. Cooking together allows individuals to improve

their culinary abilities in a supportive and engaging atmosphere, whether it's learning the art of
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precision cutting, perfecting the timing for a well-cooked steak, or enhancing the balance of

tastes in a sauce.

Furthermore, cooking as a group promotes a shared sense of success. When everyone

helps to the preparation of a meal, the end result becomes a collaborative creation, and the

satisfaction of enjoying a delicious meal prepared together increases the sense of unity and

contentment. People connecting through recipes not only improves cooking abilities but also

generates a sense of connection and delight that extends beyond the boundaries of the dining

room.

THE CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RECIPES

Recipes holds immense cultural significance in the Philippines. They play a pivotal role

in preserving the cultural heritage of the country. Each region boasts its distinct cooking

techniques, indigenous ingredients, and traditions, all of which find their embodiment in regional

recipes. Through recipes, generations pass down the secrets of their ancestors’ kitchens, ensuring

that the essence of their cultural roots endures.

Furthermore, these recipes strengthen social bonds and nurturing communal ties, as

Leuterio and Vargas (2021) suggest. Sharing a traditional dish like Kapampangan goes beyond a

culinary experience, it is a way of bringing people together, fostering a sense of unity and

belonging. The act of preparing and sharing these recipes represents not just the flavors of the

food but also the warmth of hospitality and the depth of interpersonal connections. In this way,
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recipes serve as cultural touchpoints, forging connections between individuals and communities

as stated by Masa, J. R. A. (2021).

They provide a concrete connection to the past, a testament to the resilience and

creativity of the Filipino people in preserving their cultural heritage through the flavors and their

traditional dishes (Florendo, J., 2019). Moreover, as Filipinos continue to share these recipes,

they not only preserve their identity but also invite others to appreciate and partake in their

culinary heritage. So, recipes in the Philippines serve as more than just instructions for cooking,

they are a repository of culture and history.

THE USE OF RECIPES TO PROMOTE HEATHY EATING

The utilization of recipes to encourage healthy eating habits has become increasingly

prominent in recent years. A study conducted by Sjangga et al. (2023) sheds light on this by

demonstrating that providing nutritional labels alongside recipes can have a profound impact on

individuals’ dietary choices. The inclusion of such labels not only informs individuals about the

nutritional content of a dish but also empowers them to make more informed and health-

conscious decisions regarding their food intake.

Moreover, the data indicated that a majority of the meal customers were females aged

between 35 and 64 years. Plate 1 received positive feedback and saw an increase in orders for

both dine-in and take-out. The consumption of Plate 1 increased by 60% from 2015 to 2016,

rising from 66,093 to 110,604 orders. In 2016, Plate 2 recorded 35,760 orders in Metro Manila

and 11,953 orders in Luzon. This data suggests that Filipino consumers are increasingly
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embracing healthier meal choices. Moreover, the study revealed a growing trend among Filipinos

to dine out rather than prepare food at home, in line with findings from Nielsen in 2014.

Therefore, offering healthy meals in restaurants can serve as an effective way to promote healthy

eating habits.

SYNTHESIS

Recipes also influence healthy eating habits through nutritional labels, contributing to the

popularity of healthier meal options, especially when dining out. They are a valuable resource in

education, enhancing students' culinary skills, and YouTube's educational content further aids in

learning, improving comprehension, and encouraging creativity. Web design and user experience

(UX) are fundamental for creating an engaging and user-friendly digital experience, impacting

visitor engagement and conversions. In essence, recipes are more than culinary instructions; they

are versatile tools shaping our culinary experiences, reducing food waste, and promoting healthy

eating, all while enhancing learning and creating captivating digital experiences.

A web application (web app) is an internet-accessible software program designed for

delivering interactive features and services. Developing two distinct websites or using responsive

web design, as outlined by Almeida (2023), offers multiple benefits. It enhances user experience

by catering to specific user groups, ensures compatibility across devices, and effectively reaches

a broad audience. Mobile websites excel by working seamlessly on various platforms with

integrated features. Moreover, websites are cost-effective to maintain, rapidly updated, and
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optimized for smaller screens, ensuring efficient performance even on low-spec devices through

mobile-friendly URLs.

Maulidina (2023) emphasizes that user experience (UX) in website design revolves

around considering users' preferences and needs, involving a deep understanding of the target

audience's goals, issues, and behaviors. Duran, T. (2023) underscores the significance of UX in

web design, highlighting that a website often forms the initial opportunity to make a positive

impression on potential customers. It is crucial to avoid overly flashy design elements, like

intrusive pop-up boxes, and instead assess whether such features genuinely enhance the user

experience. In essence, both sources emphasize the importance of prioritizing a user-friendly and

engaging design that caters to the needs and expectations of website visitors.

Website functionality is a critical aspect of a website's success. It encompasses the

capabilities and interactive features of a website, including user actions and dynamic content.

Before commencing website development, it's essential to have a clear understanding of the

intended features to avoid disruptions later in the project (Circle, 2019). Websites not only

provide information but also empower users to perform tasks like searching, form submission,

and utilizing interactive design elements (Website Functionality and Usability, 2023). The

Marketing & Communications Web team plays a crucial role in designing, assessing, and

integrating the functional aspects of a university's websites, involving code from the MarCom

Web staff, third-party elements, and external services. The homepage is particularly vital for a

website since it is the first point of interaction for visitors. An expertly designed and easily

navigable homepage is essential for creating a positive impression. Optimizing all pages with
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relevant keywords, improving code and structure, and ensuring responsive design for various

devices are key considerations for high search engine rankings and broad accessibility (Why Are

The Functionalities Of A Website Vital For Ranking?, 2023).

Furthermore, visual appeal in website design is crucial for drawing and retaining visitors,

creating a strong first impression, and boosting overall satisfaction (The Role of Visual Appeal in

Web Design, 2022). It contributes to an emotional connection, impacting user perception and

interaction. A well-designed user interface, aesthetically pleasing and user-friendly, enhances the

user experience, evoking trust and happiness (Importance of Visually Appealing Interface in UI

& Web Design, 2023). Aesthetics help with brand recognition and loyalty. While aesthetics is

vital, a balance with functionality is essential. It should offer intuitive navigation and clear

information while considering cultural and accessibility factors for all users.

An article by Pinegar (2021) emphasizes the importance of essential elements in website

design. These include a clear homepage message, an easily spelled domain name, a search bar

for user control, a prominent logo for recognition, a concise tagline or description, a strategically

positioned navigation bar, and internal links to enhance user engagement. Incorporating these

elements is crucial for creating a positive user experience and attracting visitors or customers.

Enhancing the appeal of a landing page significantly impacts website performance,

leading to increased visitor engagement and conversions. It also fosters customer satisfaction by

offering a platform for inquiries, portraying the company as responsive. Moreover, the study

conducted by Chen, et. al. (2020) explores customer satisfaction and assesses online education
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platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. User satisfaction, as they determined, hinges on

factors like information and e-learning system quality, instructor attitude, assessment diversity,

and learner interaction.

Moreover, a related study in Iran involving 798 online banking users (Dianat, 2019)

examined the impact of web design attributes and users' personal characteristics on website

usability and user satisfaction. Results showed that users didn't find the evaluated websites

satisfactory. Web layout and performance were key factors affecting website usability, while

users' personal characteristics had little impact. User satisfaction was primarily influenced by

web design attributes, especially web structure, rather than personal characteristics. The study

also found a significant relationship between website usability and user satisfaction, suggesting

that prioritizing web layout and structure can enhance user experiences, regardless of users'

personal characteristics.

In 2019, a study by Praveen et al. introduced a machine learning approach for discovering

recipes based on ingredients, consisting of three main components: System Architecture

Diagram, Data Creation & Preprocessing, and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Classification. The

System Architecture Diagram involved data collection from food websites, input of user

ingredients through a web interface, and KNN Classification for recipe recommendations. Data

Creation and Preprocessing explained the process of crawling and data scraping from websites

and data cleaning. KNN Classification detailed the algorithm's parts: Sampling, Training, and

Class assignment for ingredient-based recipe recommendations.

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Another study by Chaudhari et al. in 2020 focused on web scraping recipes and

ingredients for a smart chef application. It involved scraping recipe websites, storing data in a

MongoDB database, retrieving and using this data for the smart chef application, which helps

chefs manage ingredient choices, diet plans, and ingredient-based recommendations. The system

utilizes Python-based web scraping and suggests the future incorporation of machine learning to

automate data extraction and enhance the system's efficiency.

In a local context, a study conducted by Mendoza et al. in 2019 focused on the "iLuto: A

Filipino Recipe App for Android," aiming to provide a solution for cooking enthusiasts in the

Philippines. The app stored preferred recipes and provided various others without requiring an

internet connection. The study involved 40 evaluator respondents, including IT experts and

mobile end users who evaluated the app's features. The evaluation results, combining IT experts

and end users, were "Highly Acceptable" indicating that the mobile application effectively helps

users learn and improve their cooking skills in Filipino cuisine. Recipe applications, like iLuto,

have the potential to enhance students' understanding of various Filipino cuisines, making it

easier for them to explore and learn about local recipes.

Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recipe finders is a significant advancement in

culinary research, enhancing the way people explore, customize, and create culinary delights

(Garcia, 2023). AI-powered recipe search engines use machine learning to analyze extensive

recipe collections, identifying flavor, ingredient, and cooking trends. They provide tailored

recommendations based on individual preferences, dietary needs, and even suggest ingredient

substitutes. These capabilities make cooking more accessible and enjoyable for all skill levels.
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Recipe applications offer a diverse range of recipes, transforming how home cooks and

chefs discover new dishes based on available ingredients or cuisines of interest (Jassal, 2023).

Food bloggers and recipe websites go beyond offering recipes, providing step-by-step

instructions, dietary alternatives, and cultural context for dishes (Ślusarczyk, 2023). These apps

allow users to explore recipes based on various criteria, create and share recipes, and offer user-

friendly features. Social media is a powerful tool for promoting dietary changes, sharing

nutritional knowledge, and fostering community engagement (Silva, 2023). It encourages

healthier food choices, cooking skills, and nutrition literacy. It has also played a significant role

in promoting plant-based and vegan lifestyles (Bedford, 2023). Social media spreads information

on food, nutrition, and recipes, contributing to food literacy and overall well-being (Steils and

Obaidalahe, 2020).

One of the advantages of having recipes is that it reduces food waste. During the

pandemic, Tariga et al. (2021) noted changes in consumption patterns, with recipes playing a

crucial role. People creatively used recipes to reduce food waste by repurposing leftovers and

planned meals more thoughtfully to limit grocery store visits. This shift towards cooking was

evident in 98% of respondents cooking daily. Additionally, 78% preferred organic meals,

emphasizing the need for careful planning and consumption to avoid spoilage. Recipes were

instrumental in reducing food waste during this period. Moreover, according to Hellmann (2023),

online recipe finder websites enable users to search for recipes that align with the ingredients

they already have in their kitchen, reducing food waste significantly, with a reported decrease of

over 40%.
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On top of that, recipes are the fundamental guides for culinary endeavors, offering

detailed direction in the art of food preparation. They serve as a culinary compass, imparting

knowledge and methods for crafting delicious dishes (Mendoza, G., et al., 2019). In a recent

study by Tupas, F. P., & Banas, L. B. (2021), the use of recipes not only encourages culinary

experimentation but also maintains consistency, blending traditional and innovative cuisines.

Recipes open doors to a world of flavors and culinary skills, fostering creativity and allowing for

personal modifications while preserving tradition. Recipes go beyond mere instructions; they are

essential tools that empower individuals to embark on culinary journeys, develop skills, and

share their love for food (Mendoza, G., et al., 2019). Whether preparing a special meal or

everyday dishes, recipes form the foundation of culinary success for cooks of all levels. As per

Blackburn et al. (2020), everyday meal choices often reflect one's personality and lifestyle.

Factors like social influences, food documentaries, and health goals can prompt individuals to

alter their dietary preferences, potentially signaling significant life events, lifestyle changes, or

environmental factors.

Lastly, utilizing recipes with nutritional labels has a significant impact on promoting

healthy eating habits, as demonstrated by Sjangga et al. (2023). Nutritional labels inform

individuals about the nutritional content of a dish, enabling them to make more health-conscious

choices regarding their food intake.

Recipes play a pivotal role in various aspects of our culinary world. They serve as guides

for culinary mastery, encourage experimentation and creativity, and promote culinary traditions.
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Recipe applications and AI-driven platforms have transformed how we explore, customize, and

create diverse dishes, reducing food waste and catering to individual preferences.

Online learning platforms grant students more control over their education, saving time

and resources, particularly due to the elimination of daily commutes, as observed in research by

Anglia (2021). Teachers also benefit from this convenience and the extra time it offers for

creating learning materials (Lapitan, et. al., 2021). The flexibility of online learning, which

allows students to control their learning pace and access instructional materials, contrasts with

traditional in-person learning (Giray et. al., 2022). The adaptability of digital tools to individual

course needs is highlighted (Bohea, 2021).

YouTube videos in the classroom enhance student engagement and academic growth, as

noted by Caratiquit (2022) and Muico (2019). Muico (2023) shows improved student

performance on exams measuring grammatical competence. YouTube offers a medium for

distributing multimedia lessons, fostering student engagement and expression (Abawan, 2019).

In the context of cooking students, online video tutorials significantly enhance cooking

skills, improve comprehension, and provide additional knowledge (Dimailig, et. al., 2022).

Sensory learning styles, particularly visual learning, are prominent among students using school

facilities and equipment (Nemenzo, 2019). Higher-level cooking skills are associated with

increased vegetable intake and diet quality, as demonstrated by Asher et al. (2022). Culinary

nutrition interventions have proven effective in promoting healthy dietary patterns and improving

cooking knowledge and confidence.

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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes the research design, population and sampling, data gathering
instrument, data gathering procedure, and the statistical treatment of the research study.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The researchers used quantitative research in the problem entitled "LutoLokal: The

Perception of Selected Culinary Arts Students of STI College Calamba in using Online Recipe

Finder," A.Y. 2022-2023.

This study is designed as a quantitative study, which involves quantitative analysis,

because one of the quantitative research's strengths is its capacity to collect numerical data and

generalize it across groups of people (Quantitative Methods, 2023). Moreover, quantitative

methods are preferable because they are often fast, focused, scientific, and relatable (Williams,

2021). The study will also utilize a descriptive research design, which aims to examine the

perceptions of the students toward an online recipe finder. Furthermore, through survey

questionnaires, the research will delve into the perceptions of the respondents, allowing for a rich

understanding of their perceptions. The study's results will be utilized to evaluate the

effectiveness of an online recipe finder in broadening Culinary Arts students' understanding of a

variety of local dishes.

POPULATION AND SAMPLING

STI College Calamba's culinary arts students in grades 11 and 12 were chosen for this

study using a simple random sampling technique during the academic year 2023-2024. The
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distribution of respondents throughout multiple categories, including age, sex, and year level was

calculated by the researchers using the percentage formula. Additionally, they computed the

population’s sample size to determine the students' average perception of various factors. The

Pearson product moment correlation value was also used by the researchers to investigate any

remarkable correlations between the relevant variables. The particular group selected for data

collection in this study included grade 11 and grade 12 students studying Culinary Arts. Given

the restricted scope of the investigation, the researchers considered this selection method to be

manageable and simple to access.

The researchers will use Slovin's formula to improve the sample selection procedure and

confine their attention only to Grade 11 and Grade 12 Culinary Arts students at STI College

Calamba in order to maximize the precision of their study. With this strategy, the researchers

hope to connect these students' opinions with a questionnaire survey that grabs their interest in

order to ultimately collect reliable and trustworthy responses. To achieve this, the researchers

will utilize Slovin's formula for determining the required sample size as follows:

Where:
N
n= 2
n = sample size
1+ N e N = total population
e = margin of error

The researchers will select a Grade 11 and Grade 12 students as respondents, who will

represent the chosen population from the sample space.

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DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT

To collect the necessary data, the researcher has distributed a survey questionnaire to

specific culinary arts students who are currently enrolled in the first semester of the 2023-2024

academic year. The respondents will be fully informed about the study's purpose, and their

participation will be entirely voluntary, with the option to decline if they choose. In this survey,

each respondent's informed consent will be obtained.

The questionnaire is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on gathering

information about the respondent's demographics, including age, gender, and academic

year/level. The second part of the survey delves into the factors that impact the experience of

selected culinary students at STI College Calamba when using the "LutoLokal" website. These

factors include aspects like user interface, user experience, content, design, and features. The

third part of the survey is designed to gauge the perception of the selected Culinary Arts students

regarding their use of the online recipe finder at STI College Calamba.

The researcher carefully examined and assessed the questions in the questionnaire.

Physical copies of these questionnaires were distributed to the respondents. The collected data is

then organized, analyzed, and presented in a tabular format, along with corresponding frequency

counts.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The researchers used a survey questionnaire in collecting the data. The questionnaire

consists of questions developed by the researchers based on relevant research and studies. The
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researchers ensured that the set of questions would yield adequate data for the study's needs. The

findings were presented in tables with accompanying frequency distributions to make

interpretation and understanding easier. Also, these questions were thoroughly checked to make

sure their effectivity and modified to address all the corrections of each question. The

questionnaires were distributed to participants to increase response rates. Subsequently, the

collected data was carefully reviewed, assigned numerical codes, and organized using suitable

statistical tools, including a data matrix. The analysis was conducted systematically and

rigorously to produce accurate and reliable results. In summary, the researcher's data collection

process was meticulous and strong, guaranteeing the highest standards of data quality and

reliability were met.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT

To determine the percentage of Age, Sex, Grade Level, Section, and socio-economic of

the respondents, the researchers used the formula of percentage as follows:

f Where:
P= x 100 P = percentage
n f = frequency
n = total number

To determine the mean perception of the respondents to the following factors, such as

User Interface, User Experience, Features, Design, and Content, and mean perception towards

LutoLokal website. The researchers used mean formula as follows:

n Where:
∑ wi X i W = Weighted mean
n = number of terms to be averaged
i =1
W= n w i = weight applied to x values
∑ wi X i = data values to be averaged
i=1
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The Pearson product moment of correlation coefficient was employed to examine the

significant relationship between dependent and independent variables.

(∑❑ xy )−(∑❑ x)(∑❑ y)

❑ ❑ ❑ Where:
n
n = number of pairs of scores
r=

√[
∑xy = sum of the products of paired scores

(∑❑ x) ][ (∑❑ y) ]
❑ ❑ 2 ❑ ❑ 2 ∑x = sum of x scores
n∑ x − n∑ y −
2 2
∑y = sum of y scores
❑ ❑ ∑x2 = sum of squared x scores
∑y2 = sum of squared y scores
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APPENDICES
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LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS

Dear Respondents,

Greetings!

We are a group of Grade 12 students from the Senior High School program at STI

College Calamba, and we belong to the ITMAWD21 class. Our research project, titled "

LutoLokal: The Perception of the Selected Culinary Arts Students at STI College Calamba in

Using Online Recipe Finder," is being conducted during the academic year 2023-2024.

As part of our research, we kindly request your participation in answering a set of survey

questionnaires that we will be distributing. Your responses will play a crucial role in shaping the

outcome of our study. We want to emphasize that all your answers will be handled with the

utmost confidentiality.

Your willingness to participate and contribute to our research is greatly appreciated.

Thank you very much, and may you be blessed.

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SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
I. Profile
Age: ________ Sex: __________ Grade Level: ____________
Instructions: Please review the following statements and check the number that best reflects
your experience on our website.
II. Perception to the following factors:
1 – Strongly Disagree 2 – Disagree 3 – Agree 4 – Strongly Agree
User Interface 1 2 3 4
1. The color scheme of the website is pleasing to the eyes.
2. The fonts used is readable.
3. The layout of the website is organized.
4. The website is responsive to various screen dimensions.
5. The logo and icons used match the aesthetic of the website.

User Experience 1 2 3 4
1. I find it easy to search for dishes on the website.
2. The website is easy to navigate and utilize its functions.
3. I feel confident in using the website's features and doesn’t need much
assistance.
4. I can find the information I need quickly.
5. The recipes are presented in an appealing and easy-to-understand
format.

Features 1 2 3 4
1. The search engine accurately displayed relevant search results for my
needs.
2. The recipes included options for alternative ingredients when specific
ones were unavailable.
3. It was able to show me the recipe of the dish I am looking for.
4. The "Luto" category is organized and displayed dishes that
corresponded to it.
5. I could easily access and view the tutorial videos provided on the
website.

Functionality 1 2 3 4
1. The website's search results are accurate.
2. The website's performance is consistent across different devices
(e.g., desktop, mobile).
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3. All buttons are working as intended.

4. I could access the provided recipe website and YouTube link.
5. The Luto Category effectively displayed the corresponding
dishes under it.

Content 1 2 3 4
1. The textual instructions are easy to understand and follow.
2. The application provides a diverse range of local dishes.
3. The animations are not flashy.
4. The website provides visual media, such as videos and pictures.
5. The information provided are accurate.

III. Perception towards ‘LutoLokal’:

1 – Strongly Disagree 2 – Disagree 3 – Agree 4 – Strongly Agree
Questions 1 2 3 4
1. This application met my expectations.
2. The application aligns with the needs in my culinary education.
3. The recipes in the application offer a wide range of dishes and
cooking techniques that stimulate my culinary creativity and skills.
4. I will recommend this app to my fellow students, teachers, and
parents.
5. This application serves its purpose.
6. This application will help me to expand my knowledge of local dish
recipes and find alternative ingredients that will help my culinary
skills.
7. This application emphasizes the importance of proper nutrition,
ingredient sourcing, and sustainability that I can consider when
cooking.
8. The search engine functionality effectively helps me in finding
specific dishes.
9. This application boosts my interest in cooking local dishes.
10. I am pleased with the provision of nutritional information.

Checked by:

___________________________ ___________________________
Arvin M. Sadicon, LPT Adrian H. Apolinario, LPT
Computer Programming EAPP Teacher
 STI COLLEGE CALAMBA
STI Academic Center, Barangay Uno, National Highway,
Calamba City, 4027 Laguna

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

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