KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN

GURUGRAM REGION
Class: XII
SESSION : 2022-2023
PRE BOARD-1 (THEORY)
SUBJECT: PHYSICS
Maximum Marks: 70 Marks Time Allowed: 3 hours.
General Instructions:

(1) There are 35 questions in all. All questions are compulsory

(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D
and Section E. All the sections are compulsory.

(3) Section A contains eighteen MCQ of 1 mark each,

Section B contains seven questions of two marks each,

Section C contains five questions of three marks each,

section D contains three long questions of five marks each and

Section E contains two case study-based questions of 4 marks each.

(4) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in
section B, C, D and E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such
questions.

5. Use of calculators is not allowed.

SECTION A;-

1. If an electric dipole is kept in a uniform electric field then resultant electric

force on it is :
(a) always zero
(b) never zero
(c) depend upon capacity of dipole
(d) None
2. If V be the electric potential at the surface of a hollow sphere, then electric
potential at the centre of the sphere will be
a. Zero
 b. V
c. V/2
d. 3V/2
3. A cell having an emf E and internal resistance r is connected across a
variable external resistance R. As the resistance R is increased, the plot of
potential difference V across R is given by

4. What happens to the magnetic field at the centre of a circular current carrying
coil if we double the radius of the coil keeping the current unchanged?
(a) halved
(b) doubled
(c) quadrupled
(d) remains unchanged
5. Phase difference between voltage and current in a capacitor in an ac
circuit is
(a) π
(b) π/2
(c) 0
(d) π/3
6. The speed of electromagnetic waves in a medium is:
(a) √ µ/ε
(b) 1/µE
(c) 1/√ µE
(d) 1√ µ0ε0
7. Which statement is incorrect?
a. Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature.
b. In open space, electromagnetic waves move at the speed of light.
 c. Accelerating charge generates electromagnetic waves.
d. electromagnetic waves move at the same speed in all mediums.
8. If the critical angle for total internal reflection from a medium to vacuum is 30°,
the velocity of light in the medium is :
(a) 3 × 108 ms-1
(b) 6 × 108 ms-1
(c) 1.5 × 108 ms-1
(d) 15 × 108 ms-1
9. If a glass rod is immersed in a liquid of the same refractive index, then it will:
(a) look bent
(b) look longer
(c) disappear
(d) none of these.

10. A diffraction pattern is obtained by using a beam of red light. What will happen
if the red light is replaced by the blue light.
(a) No change will take place.
(b) Bands become broader and farther apart.
(c) Bands disappear
(d) Diffraction bands become narrower and crowded.
11. What is the stopping potential applied to a photocell if the maximum kinetic
energy of a photoelectron is 5 eV ?
a. 10V
b. – 10V
c. - 5 V
d. 5 V
12. The wavelength of radiation emitted when electron in a hydrogen atom jumps
from infinity to 1.
a. 1002 A0
b. 917 A0
c. 902 A0
d. 1000 A0
13. Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1:2. What is the ratio of their
nuclear densities ?
a. 1:1
 b. 1:2
c. 1:4
d. 2:1
14. In an unbiased p-n junction, holes diffuse from the p-region to n-region
because
(a) free electrons in the n-region attract them
(b) they move across the junction by the potential difference
(c) hole concentration in p-region is more as compared to u-region.
(d) all of these
15. In figure given, assuming the diodes to be ideal

(a) D1 is forward biased

(b) D1 is reverse biased
(c) D1 is both forward and reverse biased
(d) none of the above.
16. Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a),
(b), (c) and (d) as given below.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is also false
Assertion: Two metal plates having charges Q, –Q face each other at some
separation and are dipped into an oil tank. If the oil is pumped out, the electric
field between the plates increases.
Reason: Electric field between the plates, Emed = Eair/K
17. Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a),
(b), (c) and (d) as given below.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
 c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is also false
Assertion : Electron has higher mobility than hole in a semiconductor.
Reason : Mass of electron is less than the mass of hole.
18. Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a),
(b), (c) and (d) as given below.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is also false
Assertion: Electromagnetic waves exert radiation pressure.
Reason : Electromagnetic waves carry energy and momentum.

SECTION B

19. An electric dipole with dipole moment 4 × 10–9 C m is aligned at 30° with the
direction of a uniform electric field of magnitude 5 × 104 NC–1. Calculate the
magnitude of the torque acting on the dipole.
20. On the basis of electron drift, derive an expression for resistivity of a
conductor in terms of number density of free electrons and relaxation time.
21. A proton and an alpha particle move perpendicular to a magnetic field. Find
the ratio of radii of the circular paths described by them when both (i) have
equal momenta, and (ii) were accelerated through the same potential
difference.
OR
Two identical coils P and Q each of radius R are lying in perpendicular planes
such that they have a common centre. Find the magnitude and direction of
the magnetic field at the common centre of the two coils, if they carry equal
current.
22. Derive the expression for the self-inductance of a long solenoid of cross-
sectional area, length, and having turns per unit length.
23. a. State the conditions for the phenomenon of total internal reflection to occur.
b. What is the critical angle for a material of refractive index √2?
24. A beam of light converges at a point P. Now a lens is placed in the path of the
convergent beam 12 cm from P. At what point does the beam converge if the
lens is
(i) a convex lens of focal length 20 cm,
(ii) a concave lens of focal length 16 cm?
25. Plot a graph showing variation of de-Broglie wavelength λ versus 1 /√V, where
V is accelerating potential for two particles A and B carrying same charge but
of masses m1, m2 (m1 > m2). Which one of the two represents a particle of
smaller mass and why?
OR
A proton and an a-particle have the same de-Broglie wavelength. Determine
the ratio of their speeds.

SECTION C

26. Using Biot-Savart law, deduce the expression for the magnetic field at a point
(x) on the axis of a circular current carrying loop of radius R. How is the
direction of the magnetic field determined at this point?
Or
How is a galvanometer converted into a voltmeter and an ammeter? Draw the
relevant diagrams and find the resistance of the arrangement in each case.
27. (i) In photo electric effect, show how Einstein’s photoelectric equation can be
established.
(ii) Write any two salient features observed in photoelectric effect which can
be explained using this equation.
Or
State Einstein’s photoelectric equation explaining the symbols used. Plot a
graph of the maximum kinetic energy of the photo electrons vs frequency ().
By using the given graph find (i) Planck’s constant (ii) work function of the
given photosensitive material.
28. Define internal resistance of a cell and derive a relationship between E, V
and r, where symbols have their usual meanings.
29. Two long straight parallel conductors carry steady current I1 and I2 separated
by a distance d. If the currents are flowing in the same direction, show how
the magnetic field set up in one produces an attractive force on the other.
Obtain the expression for this force. Hence define one ampere.
30. Double-convex lenses are to be manufactured from a glass of refractive index
1.55, with both faces of the same radius of curvature. What is the radius of
curvature required if the focal length is to be 20cm?
OR
Derive expression for the lens maker’s formula using necessary ray diagrams.

SECTION D

31. a. Using Gauss’s law, obtain the expression for electric field intensity at a
point due to an infinitely large, plane sheet of charge of charge density σ
C/m2. How is the field directed if the sheet is (i) positively charged (ii)
negatively charged?
b. Two large, thin metal plates are parallel and close to each other. On their
inner faces, the plates have surface charge densities of opposite signs and of
magnitude 17.0 × 10–12 C/m2.
What is E: (a) in the outer region of the first plate,
(b) in the outer region of the second plate, and
(c) between the plates?
OR
a. Deduce an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with
air as the medium between the plates.
b. Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y have the same area of plates and
same separation between them. X has air between the plates while Y
contains a dielectric medium (K=4), are connected in series to a supply of
15V, then:
(i) Calculate capacitance of each capacitor if equivalent capacitance of
the combination is 4 pF.
(ii) Calculate the potential difference between the plates of X and Y.
(iii) Estimate the ratio of electrostatic energy stored in X and Y
32. a. State Huygens’s principle. Derive Snell’s law on the basis of Huygens’s
wave theory when light is travelling from a rarer to a denser medium.
b. Sketch the reflected wave front emerging from a (i) concave mirror (ii)
convex mirror, if plane wave front is incident normally on it.
OR
(i) Draw a labelled ray diagram of an astronomical telescope when the final
image is formed at least distance of distinct vision.
 (ii) Define its magnifying power and deduce the expression for the magnifying
power of telescope.
(iii) You are given three lenses of power 0.5D, 4D and 10D to design a
telescope. Which lenses should you use as an objective and eyepiece of
an astronomical telescope? Justify your answer.
33. a. Draw a schematic diagram of a step up/step down transformer. Explain its
working principle. Deduce the expression for the secondary to primary voltage
in terms of the number of turns in the two coils. In an ideal transformer, how is
this ratio related to the currents in the two coils?
b. How is the transformer used in large scale transmission and distribution of
electrical energy over long distances?
OR
A voltage V= V0 sinwt is applied to a series LCR circuit. Derive the expression
for average power dissipated over a cycle. Under what condition is -
(i) no power is dissipated even though the current flows through the circuit,
(ii) maximum power dissipated in the circuit

SECTION E

34. Neutrons and protons are identical particle in the sense that their masses are
nearly the same and the force, called nuclear force, does into distinguish
them. Nuclear force is the strongest force. Stability of nucleus is determined
by the neutron proton ratio or mass defect or packing fraction. Shape of
nucleus is calculated by quadrupole moment and spin of nucleus depends on
even and odd mass number. Volume of nucleus depends on the mass
number. Whole mass of the atom (nearly 99%) is centred at the nucleus.

(i) The radius of a nucleus is

(a) directly proportional to its mass number
(b) inversely proportional to its atomic weight
(c) directly proportional to the cube root of its mass number
(d) None of these
(ii) The range of nuclear force is the order of
(a) 0.01 fermi
(b) 100 fermi
(c) 0.8 fermi
 (d) 10 fermi

(iii) A force between two protons is same as the force between proton and
neutron. It shows that nuclear force is:
(a) charge dependent
(b) Independent of charge
(c) central force
(d) short range force
(iv) Nuclear forces are
(a) spin dependent and have no non-central part
(b) spin dependent and have a non-central part
(c) spin independent and have no non-central part
(d) spin independent and have a non-central part
OR
Stability of nucleus is max. when :
(a) Neutron-proton ratio one
(b) Neutron – proton ratio less than one
(c) Neutron – proton ratio greater than one
(d) None of the above.

35. P–N Junction Diode:

If a P-type material has joined to N-type intimately, a P-N junction will be
created. Joining the two pieces a P-N junction will not be formed due to the
surface films and other irregularities creating major discontinuity in the crystal
structure. Hence, a P-N junction will be created from a piece of semiconductor
(say, germanium) by diffusing P-type material to one half side and N-type
material to the other half side. If a P-type crystal has kept in contact with N-
type crystal so as to produce one piece, the assembly required will be defined
as P-N junction diode.
Forward Bias:
The junction diode can be defined as forward biased, if external d.c. source
has been connected to the diode with p–section connected to positive pole
and n–section connected to negative pole.

Reverse Bias:
 The junction diode can be defined as reverse biased, if an external d.c.
battery has been connected to junction diode with P–section connected to
negative pole and n–section connected to positive pole.

i. Diffusion current in a p-n junction is greater than the drift current in

magnitude

(a) if the junction is forward-biased

(b) if the junction is reverse-biased
(c) if the junction is unbiased
(d) in no case
ii. Forward biasing is that in which applied voltage

(a) increases potential barrier

(b) decreases the potential barrier

(c) is equal to the barrier potential

(d) None of these

iii. In a semiconductor diode, the barrier potential offers

opposition to

(a) holes in P-region only

(b) free electrons in N-region only

(c) majority carriers in both regions

(d) majority as well as minority carriers in both regions

iv. Barrier potential of a P-N junction diode does not depend on

(a) doping density

(b) diode design

(c) temperature

(d) forward bias

OR
The process involved in the formation of PN junction diode is:
(a) Diffusion
(b) Drifting
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of (a) and (b)