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Difference Random Scan and Raster Scan Display

The document compares and contrasts random scan and raster scan display methods. Random scan draws images as a sequence of lines by directing an electron beam to specified points, while raster scan sweeps the beam across the entire screen row by row, turning the beam on and off to illuminate pixels stored in a frame buffer. Random scan provides higher resolution but is more complex, while raster scan supports realistic images with millions of colors but has lower resolution. Key differences include how images are stored, refresh rates, suitable applications, and complexity.

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371 views7 pages

Difference Random Scan and Raster Scan Display

The document compares and contrasts random scan and raster scan display methods. Random scan draws images as a sequence of lines by directing an electron beam to specified points, while raster scan sweeps the beam across the entire screen row by row, turning the beam on and off to illuminate pixels stored in a frame buffer. Random scan provides higher resolution but is more complex, while raster scan supports realistic images with millions of colors but has lower resolution. Key differences include how images are stored, refresh rates, suitable applications, and complexity.

Uploaded by

muskan11825
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Random Scan and Raster Scan Display:

Random Scan Display:


Random Scan System uses an electron beam which operates like a pencil to create a
line image on the CRT screen. The picture is constructed out of a sequence of straight-
line segments. Each line segment is drawn on the screen by directing the beam to
move from one point on the screen to the next, where its x & y coordinates define
each point. After drawing the picture. The system cycles back to the first line and
design all the lines of the image 30 to 60 time each second.

Picture definition is now stored as a set of line drawing commands in an area of


memory referred to as the refresh display file. Sometimes the refresh display file is
called the display list, display program, or simply the refresh buffer.

The process is shown in fig:

Random-scan monitors are also known as vector displays or stroke-writing displays or


calligraphic displays.

An application program is input and stored in the system memory along with a
graphics package. Graphics commands in the application program are translated by
the graphics package into a display file stored in the system memory. This display file
is then accessed by the display processor to refresh the screen. The display processor
cycles through each command in the display file program once during every refresh
cycle.

Graphics patterns are drawn on a random-scan system by directing the electron beam
along the component lines of the picture. Lines are defined by the values for their
coordinate endpoints, and these input coordinate values are converted to x and y
deflection voltages. A scene is then drawn one line at a time by positioning the beam
to fill in the line between specified endpoints

Advantages:

1. A CRT has the electron beam directed only to the parts of the screen where an image
is to be drawn.
2. Produce smooth line drawings.
3. High Resolution

Disadvantages:

1. Random-Scan monitors cannot display realistic shades scenes.


2. Colour limitations

Raster Scan Display:


In a raster-scan system, the electron beam is swept across the screen, one row at a
time from top to bottom. As the eledron beam moves across each row, the beam
intensity is turned on and off to create a pattern of illuminated spots. Picture definition
is stored in a memory area called the refresh buffer or frame buffer. This memory area
holds the set of intensity values for all the screen points. Stored intensity values are
then retrieved from the refresh buffer and "painted" on the screen one row (scan line)
at a time. Each screen point is referred to as a pixel or pel
Televisions in our house are based on Raster Scan Method. The raster scan system can
store information of each pixel position, so it is suitable for realistic display of objects.
Raster Scan provides a refresh rate of 60 to 80 frames per second.

A fixed area of the system memory is reserved for the frame buffer, and the video
controller is given direct access to the frame-buffer memory. Frarne-buffer locations,
and the corresponding screen positions, are referenced in Cartesian coordinate.

Frame Buffer is also known as Raster or bit map. In Frame Buffer the positions are
called picture elements or pixels. Beam refreshing is of two types. First is horizontal
retracing and second is vertical retracing. When the beam starts from the top left
corner and reaches the bottom right scale, it will again return to the top left side called
at vertical retrace. Then it will again more horizontally from top to bottom call as
horizontal retracing shown in fig:
Types of Scanning or travelling of beam in Raster Scan

1. Interlaced Scanning 2. Non-Interlaced Scanning

In Interlaced scanning, each horizontal line of the screen is traced from top to bottom.
Due to which fading of display of object may occur. This problem can be solved by
Non-Interlaced scanning. In this first of all odd numbered lines are traced or visited by
an electron beam, then in the next circle, even number of lines are located.

For non-interlaced display refresh rate of 30 frames per second used. But it gives
flickers. For interlaced display refresh rate of 60 frames per second is used.

Scan converting a straight-line segment, for example, means that we have to locate
the pixel positions closest to the line path and store the intensity for each position in
the frame buffer. Similar methods are used for scan converting curved lines and
polygon outlines. Characters can be defined with rectangular grids, as in Fig.
Advantages:
1. Realistic image
2. Million Different colors to be generated
3. Shadow Scenes are possible.

Disadvantages:
1. Low Resolution 2. Expensive

Differentiate between Random and Raster Scan


Display:
Random Scan Raster Scan

1. The picture is drawn by plotting 1. The picture is drawn by plotting point


lines i.e. Line is primitive. i.e. Point is primitive.

2. Picture Definition is stored in 2. Picture Definition is stored in the


the form of set of line drawing frame buffer having a set of pixels.
commands stored in display
list.

3. It has high Resolution 3. Its resolution is low.

4. It is more expensive 4. It is less expensive

5. Any modification if needed is 5. Modification is tough


easy

6. Solid pattern is tough to fill 6. Solid pattern is easy to fill

7. Refresh rate depends or 7. Refresh rate does not depend on the


resolution picture.

8. Only screen with view on an area 8. Whole screen is scanned.


is displayed.

9. Beam Penetration technology 9. 7. Shadow mark technology came


come under it. under this.

10. It does not use interlacing 10. It uses interlacing


method.

11. It is restricted to line drawing 11. It is suitable for realistic display.


applications

12. There are always smooth lines 12. There can be jagged lines in this case.
produced.

13. Scan conversion hardware is not 13. Because each primitive must be scan
required. converted, real time dynamics is far
more computational and requires
separate scan conversion hardware.

14. Memory requirement for refresh 14. Memory requirement for refresh buffer
buffer depends on the complexity is independent of picture complexity.
of the buffer.

15. Refresh rate depends on the 15. Refreshing is done at the rate of 60 FPS.
number of lines to be displayed Hence refresh time is constant.
hence Refresh rate depends on
the complexity of the picture.

16. Complex 16. Simpler

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