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BITS-Pilani 1 Semester 2022-23 MATH F213 (Discrete Mathematics)

The document discusses topics from a discrete mathematics course at BITS Pilani, including: - Plugging values into propositions to determine if they are true or false. - Quantified statements and determining their logical equivalence. - Using set notation to specify universal and existential quantifiers within a universe. - Negating quantified statements by switching universal and existential quantifiers.

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Yashwanth
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11 views

BITS-Pilani 1 Semester 2022-23 MATH F213 (Discrete Mathematics)

The document discusses topics from a discrete mathematics course at BITS Pilani, including: - Plugging values into propositions to determine if they are true or false. - Quantified statements and determining their logical equivalence. - Using set notation to specify universal and existential quantifiers within a universe. - Negating quantified statements by switching universal and existential quantifiers.

Uploaded by

Yashwanth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BITS-Pilani

1st Semester 2022-23

MATH F213
BITS Pilani (Discrete Mathematics)
Pilani|Dubai|Goa|Hyderabad
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
By plugging in specific values for all the variables, we obtain a
proposition and we can discuss whether the proposition is true or false.
For instance, Z(1/2) is false, L(5) is true.

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
If U is all living beings, it represents ‘everyone
is human and mortal’ which is not correct

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
The set membership notation can be used to specify that the universal
and existential quantifiers are limited to some universe. For example,

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Are they logically equivalent

First one is true while second one is false. Second one suggests that
there exists a fixed y say y = 2 for which x + y = 5.

Are they logically equivalent

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Negate the following quantified statements.
There is a professor who is afraid of the ducks.

Let P(x) mean "x is a professor" and let D(x) mean


"x is afraid of the ducks".
The given statement is .

Negate it:

"Every professor is not afraid of the ducks".

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


Negate the following quantified statements.

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Everybody has driven a car

Let P be all people (living on some fixed street say), C


all cars (in that street).

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


every house is owned by somebody

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956


BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

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