Mathematics Grade 7 Teacher Key

W2 - Lesson 5: Circle Graphs and

Calculating Probability

V6-10
 Important Concepts of Grade 7 Mathematics Materials
W1 - Lesson 1.........................................................................Divisibility Rules Required
W1 - Lesson 2....................................................................... Decimal Numbers
W1 - Lesson 3......................................................................................Fractions Math Set
W1 - Lesson 4................. Improper Fractions, Mixed Numbers,Percents, and Calculator
Decimals
W1 - Lesson 5..................................Integers, Number Lines, and Sequencing
W1 - Quiz No Textbook
Required
W2 - Lesson 1...................... Table of Values and Graphing Linear Equations
W2 - Lesson 2................................Modeling Expressions, Equations, and the This is a stand-
alone course.
Preservation of Equality
W2 - Lesson 3................................................... Algebra and Linear Equations
W2 - Lesson 4......................................................................................Statistics
W2 - Lesson 5............................... Circle Graphs and Calculating Probability
W2 - Quiz

W3 - Lesson 1.......................................................................................... Circles

W3 - Lesson 2....................................... Area of Triangles and Parallelograms
W3 - Lesson 3.............................................................................Line Segments
W3 - Lesson 4................................... Parts and Plotting on a Cartesian Plane
W3 - Lesson 5..........................................................................Transformations
W3 - Quiz
Mathematics Grade 7
Version 6
Preview/Review W2 - Lesson 5
ISBN 1-894894-75-8

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Preview/Review Concepts
for
Grade Seven Mathematics
Teacher Key

W2 – Lesson 5:

Circle Graphs and

Calculating Probability
Introductory Information for Teachers

Preview/Review courses are aimed mainly at students who have completed the regular
course but who need to review some of the material before beginning the next grade.
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they will study in their next grade.

No Preview/Review course is intended to replace the regular course because each covers
only what the writers have decided are the top 15 concepts from the Program of Studies
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Preview/Review materials are intended for use by teachers and students in one-subject
and one-grade classrooms. This Preview/Review course contains fifteen lessons in three
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Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 7

W2 – Lesson 5: Circle Graphs and Calculating

Probability

Objective:

• I can identify features of circle graphs.

Circle Graphs by Percents

Circles graphs are also known as

“pie graphs”.

A circle graph divided into 100 equal

sections, where each section is 1%.

Example: Students at Work

No Part time
job paid

Volunteer
Odd jobs
only

Using the graph we can answer questions like:

1. What percent of students have part time paid work?
Counting the ticks on the edge, we see 20% of
students have part time paid work.
2. What type of work is done by the highest percent of students?
The largest slice of the “pie” is students who
work odd jobs only.
3. If 200 students were surveyed for this graph, how many students volunteer?
The percent of students who volunteer is 25%
25% of 200 = 0.25 × 200 = 50 students.

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5

Practice:
A family has a budget that looks like this: A complete circle is 360°

Budget
Clothing
4%
Entertainment
Other 8%
Transportation 12%
10%
Food
13%

Rent
53%

Read the graph to answer the questions:

a. What category does this family spend approximately half of their budgeted money
on?
They spend approximately half their income on Rent.

b. What percent of their spending is on food and entertainment?

13 + 8 = 21%
c. If the family income is $3500 a month, how much money are they spending on
transportation and rent each month?
3500 × 0.63 = $2205

d. The family decided they would like to start saving some of their money. If their new
budget looked like this:

Clothes 4%
Entertainment 6%
Food 13%
Rent 53%
Transportation 10%
Other 10%
Savings
What would be the percent of the budget devoted to savings?
4 + 6+13+53+10+10 = 96
100 – 96 = 4%
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Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 7

Circle graphs by degrees

1. We can use angles to work with this type of graph.

a. A circle is divided into 2 sections.

180
360° ÷ 2 = ______.
1
180 represents
Therefore each ______° .
2

2. A circle is divided into 4 sections.

90
b. 360° ÷ 4 = ______.
90
Therefore each ______° represents 1 .
(Also called a right angle) 4

3. A circle is divided into 8 sections.

45
c. 360° ÷ 8 = ______.
1
45
Therefore each ______° represents .
8
Hint: You will find a protractor is useful when making a circle
graph or reading it accurately.

Example:
Using the graph:

Favourite Pizza Toppings 1. About what portion of people like pepperoni?

1
green The pepperoni portion represents of the
peppers people. 3

mushrooms 2. About what portion of people like ham?

Pepperoni
The ham portion is exactly half of the
bacon
pepperoni portion, so 1 of the people like ham.
ham Pineapple
6
3. If 200 people were surveyed, about how many
like ham and pineapple pizzas?
1
The ham and pineapple portions represents
1 3
of the people. × 200 = 67 people.
3
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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5

Practice:

1. A small company wants to show the distribution of their employees. There are 24
employees and number of people that works in each position is listed below.

Positions Number of People

Managers 2
Supervisors 6
Sales Representatives 11
Assistant Managers 5

a. Convert the fractions into an angle (one is completed for you).

Positions Number of Fraction Angle

People
Managers 2 2/24 2/24 × 360○ = 30○
Supervisors 6 6/24 90○
Sales Representatives 11 11/24 165○
Assistant Managers 5 5/24 75○

b. Using the information above, complete the circle graph below.

Company Employee Distribution

Supervisors
Supervisors

Sales
Representatives
Assistant
Managers

Managers

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Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 7

Objective:

• I can determine the probability of an outcome.

Probability: the likelihood of an event occurring.

It is expressed as a number between 0 and 1.

Impossible Events: have a probability Certain Events: have a probability of

of 0, they will never happen. 1, they will always happen.

Example: The probability of pulling a Example: The probability of choosing

green marble from a bag of red and a penny from a bag of pennies.

blue marbles.

Calculating Probability

Probability = (number of favourable outcomes)

(total outcomes)

Example: Rolling a die has six

possible outcomes.
What is the probability of rolling Example 2: A bag had 5 blue
a 4? marbles, and 8 red marbles.
What is the probability of
1
Favorable outcomes pulling a red marble?
P(4)= =
6
total outcomes
Favorable outcomes 8
We can report probability as a P(red)= =
total outcomes 13
fraction. 1
6 Or about 62%
As a percent: 16.7%
As a decimal: 0.167

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5

Practice:

1. Toss a coin, what is

a. P(heads) = 1
2

1
b. P(tails) =
2

2. Roll a die.
1
a. P(3) =
4

2 1
b. P(2 or 6) = =
6 3

c. P(even number) = 3 = 1
6 2

d. P(odd number) = 3 1
=
6 2

3. Use the word below to answer the following questions. Hint: Look at letters and
classify "y" as a vowel.

P R O B A B I L I T Y

2
a. P(B) =
11

b. P(I or T) = 3
11

c. P(vowel) = 5
11

6
d. P(consonant) =
11

e. P(G) = 0, Impossible event

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Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 7

Law of Large Numbers

Example: Sarah bought 5 tickets for a 50/50 Law of large numbers: the more times
draw. Michael bought 10 tickets. If a total of an outcome is attempted, the closer the
200 tickets were sold, what are their odds of
winning? chance of winning.

Sarah: 5/200 = about 3% Michael: 10/200 = 5%

Therefore the more tickets purchased the higher the chances of winning.

Independent Events
Independant Event: when the
Events can occur one after another,
like tossing coins, or they can occur outcome of one event has no influence
simultaneously, like throwing two dice.
on the outcome of another.

Example: What are all the possible outcomes of flipping a coin three times?

First flip Second flip Third flip Total outcomes

H (H H H )

H 1. Use the chart to answer the

following questions.
T (H H T)
H (H TH )
H a. What is the probability of
T throwing all heads?
1
T (H TT) P(H, H, H) =
8
H (T H H )
b. What is the probability of
throwing all tails?
H 1
P(T, T, T) =
T (T H T) 8
H (T T H ) c. What is the probability of
T
throwing two heads and
T one tail in any order?
T (T T T ) 3
P(H, H, T) =
8

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5

Calculating independent events:

P(independent events) = P(event 1) × P(event 2) × P(event 3)…

Example: A bag is filled with 8 red tokens and 12 yellow tokens. What is the probability
of drawing 3 red tokens if you replace the token after each drawing?

P(3 reds) = P(1 red) × P(1 red) × P(1 red)

8 8 8 512 8
= × × = = or about 6%
20 20 20 8000 125

Example 2: A card is chosen at random from a deck of 52 cards. It is then replaced and a
second card is chosen.

4 1
P(jack) = = (lowest terms)
52 13
4 1
P(eight) = =
52 13
1 1 1
P(jack and eight) = P(jack) × P(eight) = × =
13 13 169
Practice:
1. A jar contains 3 red, 5 green, 2 blue and 6 yellow marbles. A marble is chosen at
random from the jar. After replacing it, a second marble is chosen. What is the
probability of choosing a green and a yellow marble?

5
P(green) =
16
6 3
P(yellow) = =
16 8
5 3 15
P(green and yellow) = × = or about 12%
16 8 128

2. Spin a spinner numbered 1 to 7, and toss a coin. What is the probability of getting
an odd number on the spinner and a tail on the coin?

4
P(odd) =
7
1
P(tails) =
2
4 1 4
P(odds and tails) = × = or about 29%
7 2 14
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Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 7

Summary and Practice:

• Using what you've learned, answer the following questions.

1. Grade 7 students were surveyed for how they get to school every day. Their results
were:

Type of Transport Number of Students Percent

School Bus 11 11
= 25%
44
Walk 8 8
= 18%
44
Parents Drive 9 9
= 20%
44
Bike 10 10
= 23%
44
Public Bus 6 6
= 14%
44

a. Complete the chart.

b. Using the percents calculated, complete a circle graph. (Include a title, labels,
and percents)
Students Transport to School

Public Bus
14% School Bus
25%

Bike
23%
Walk
18%
Parents
20%

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5

2. True or False? Explain.

a. If you toss a coin 5 times, it is impossible to get 5 heads.

False, there is always a 50% chance of a heads each toss.

b. If you toss a coin 8 times, you will always get 4 heads and 4 tails.
False, each toss is just as likely to be a heads or tails but with so few
tosses it could be more heads or more tails.
c. If you toss a coin ten times, you might get 10 tails, but the chances are unlikely.
True, since there is a 50% chance of getting a heads, the chances of
always getting a tail are slim.
d. The more times you toss a coin, the closer you will get to exactly 50% heads.
True, the law of large numbers will even the odds so you’ll get heads
half the time.
3. A box has 4 red blocks, 3 yellow blocks, and 5 green blocks. If the blocks are
replaced each time, what is:

a. P(red) = 4 1
= or 33%
12 3

5
b. P(green) = or 42%
12

c. P(red or yellow) = 7
or 58%
12
1 5 5
d. P(red and green) = × = or 14%
3 12 36

e. P(purple) = 0, impossible event

f. P(red, yellow, or green) = 100%, certain event

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Preview/Review Concepts W2 - Lesson 5 Mathematics Grade 7

4. Dylan has three T-shirts: one red, one green, and one yellow. He has two pairs of
shorts: one red and one black. Use a tree diagram to show all the different outfits
Dylan can make.
T-shirts Shorts Outfits

Red Red shirt, red shorts

Red

Black Red shirt, black shorts

Red Green shirt, red shorts

Green

Black Green shirt, black shorts

Red Yellow shirt, red shorts

Yellow

Black Yellow shirt, black shorts

5. Draw a card from a deck, and toss a coin. Remember : A deck of (52) cards is made
of 4 suits of 13 cards. What is the probability of:

a. Drawing a spade, and tossing a head?

13 1 1
P(spade) = = P(head) =
52 4 2
1 1 1
P(spade and heads) = × = or about 13%
4 2 8
b. Drawing a 7 and a tail on the coin?
4 1 1
P(7) = = P(tail) =
52 13 2
1 1 1
P(7 and tails) = × = or about 4%
13 2 26
c. Drawing a face card (J, Q, K) and heads on the coin?
12 3 1
P(face card) = = P(head) =
52 13 2
3 1 3
P(face and heads) = × = or about 12%
13 2 26
d. Drawing a black card and heads on the coin?

1 1
P(black card) = P(heads) =
2 2
1 1 1
P(face and heads) = × = or about 25%
2 2 4

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