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Electromagnetism 2

Electric current can create magnetism. Hans Christian Oersted discovered that running an electric current through a wire created a magnetic field around it, detected by a nearby compass. Michael Faraday later showed that changing magnetic fields can induce electric currents in nearby wires. This electromagnetic induction is the operating principle behind electric generators and motors. Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy using a coil and magnets, allowing the production of electricity.

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14 views

Electromagnetism 2

Electric current can create magnetism. Hans Christian Oersted discovered that running an electric current through a wire created a magnetic field around it, detected by a nearby compass. Michael Faraday later showed that changing magnetic fields can induce electric currents in nearby wires. This electromagnetic induction is the operating principle behind electric generators and motors. Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy using a coil and magnets, allowing the production of electricity.

Uploaded by

abegail chu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric Current and

Magnetism
Objectives:
1. Define what is Electric current and Magnetism
2. Explain the operation of a simple electric motor
and generator
Can electric current create a magnet?
• Electric Current- the
movement of electrons
through a wire.

• Magnetism- the force


exerted by magnets when
they attract or repel each
other.
Electric Current and Magnetism
• In 1819, Hans Christian
Oersted, a Danish physicist and
chemist, and a professor,- he
discovered that electricity and
magnetism are linked.

• placed a compass needle near a


wire through which he could
make electric current flow.
• When the switch was closed, the
compass needle moved just as if
the wire were a magnet.
OERSTED’S EXPERIMENT

By setting up a
compass through a
wire carrying an
electric current,
Oersted showed
that moving electrons
can create a magnetic
field.
OERSTED’S EXPERIMENT

By setting up a
compass through a
wire carrying an
electric current,
Oersted showed
that moving electrons
can create a magnetic
field.
Michael Faraday – “Electromagnetic Induction- 1831”

Twelve years after this discovery, Michael


Faraday conducted his famous induction
ring experiment showing that current
can be produced by sources of changing
magnetic fields.
Electromagnetic Induction
The production of electricity from magnetism
Electromagnetic Induction
• used to power many electrical devices. One of the most widely known uses is
in electrical generators (such as hydroelectric dams) where mechanical power is
used to move a magnetic field past coils of wire to generate voltage.
When you swipe the card, the credit card machine's
coil of wires causes a change in the magnetic field
Electric motors
• are devices that convert
electrical energy into mechanical
energy, usually in the form of
rotational motion.

• the moving energy (kinetic energy) of an object


Two main classifications:
1. alternating current (AC)
2. direct current (DC).
In direct current (DC), the Everything that runs on a battery and
electric charge (current) only uses an AC adapter while plugging
flows in one direction. into a wall or uses a USB cable for
Electric charge in power relies on DC. Examples would
alternating current (AC), on be cellphones, electric vehicles,
the other hand, changes flashlights, flat-screen TVs (AC goes
direction periodically. into the TV and is converted into DC).
Electric motors are
found in industrial
fans, blowers and
pumps, machine tools,
household appliances,
power tools and disk
drives.
Electromagnetic
coil- is an electrical
conductor such as a
wire in the shape of
a coil, spiral or
helix.
A brush or carbon
brush- an electrical
contact which
conducts current
between stationary
wires and moving
parts, most
commonly in a
rotating shaft
Commutator- a
rotary electrical
switch in certain
types of electric
motors and
electrical
generators
Electric
Generators
• A generator is a
device that uses
induction to convert
mechanical energy
into electrical energy.
Electric
Generators
• work on the principle of
electromagnetic induction

• the creation of an electric


current by moving a wire
next to a magnet.
Electric
Generators
• work on the principle of
electromagnetic induction

• the creation of an electric


current by moving a wire
next to a magnet.

• AC Generator- creates an
alternating current
that periodically reverses
direction
Electric
Generators
• work on the principle of
electromagnetic
induction

• the creation of an
electric current by
moving a wire next to a
magnet.

• DC Generator- a direct
current flows in one
direction.
What is the importance of generator?
Where can we use it?
Generators are useful appliances that supply
electrical power during a power outage and
prevent discontinuity of daily activities or
disruption of business operations.

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