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20220905-Basic1 1

This document provides a review of techniques for factorizing polynomial expressions. It begins by covering factorizing by taking out common factors and using the grouping method. Examples are provided. It then discusses factorizing using identities for the difference of squares and perfect squares. More examples are worked through. Finally, it shows how to factorize a quadratic expression and then use that to factorize a similar expression involving variables. The key techniques of factorizing covered are taking out common factors, grouping, and using factorizing identities for differences of squares and perfect squares. Examples are included with each technique discussed.

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Jason Yip
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22 views

20220905-Basic1 1

This document provides a review of techniques for factorizing polynomial expressions. It begins by covering factorizing by taking out common factors and using the grouping method. Examples are provided. It then discusses factorizing using identities for the difference of squares and perfect squares. More examples are worked through. Finally, it shows how to factorize a quadratic expression and then use that to factorize a similar expression involving variables. The key techniques of factorizing covered are taking out common factors, grouping, and using factorizing identities for differences of squares and perfect squares. Examples are included with each technique discussed.

Uploaded by

Jason Yip
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1 More about Factorization of Polynomials

1.1 Review on Simple Factorization

Name: _________________________ Class: ___________

Objective: Review the concept and basic techniques of factorization.

Key Points
We can factorize algebraic expressions by taking out common factors.
e.g. 4ax + 6xy = 2x(2a) + 2x(3y)  2x is the common factor of 4ax and 6xy.
= 2x(2a + 3y)

Factorize the following expressions. (1 – 6)


1. 10ab − 2bc ~ Example 1.1(a) 4. 16 st − 4 s 2 + 12 s
= =

2. 22 x 2 − 33 x 3 5. b(a − 4) + 3(a − 4)
= =

3. 12a 2b + 6a 2b 2 ~ Example 1.1(b) 6. x( y − 7) − 6(7 − y) ~ Example 1.2

= ~Example 1.1(a) =

Key Points
We can factorize algebraic expressions by the grouping terms method.
e.g. ax + ay + bx + by  a is the common factor of ax and ay, while b is the common factor of bx and by.
= a(x + y) + b(x + y)  x + y is the common factor of a(x + y) and b(x + y).
= (x + y)(a + b)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


1 More about Factorization of Polynomials

Factorize the following expressions. (7 – 10)


7. 6 − 9m + 4n − 6mn ~ Example 1.3(a) 9. 10 x 2 − 7 y + 10 xy − 7 x ~ Example 1.3(b)

= =

8. 12a + 8ab + 6 + 4b ~ Example 1.3(c) 10. r 3 + 4r − 2r 2 s − 8s


= =

Key Points
We can factorize algebraic expressions by using identities.
(a) Difference of two squares
a2 – b2 ≡ (a + b)(a – b)
e.g. x2 – 16 = x2 – 42
= (x + 4)(x – 4)

(b) Perfect square


(i) a2 + 2ab + b2 ≡ (a + b)2 (ii) a2 – 2ab + b2 ≡ (a – b)2
e.g. x2 + 6x + 9 = x2 + 2(x)(3) + 32 e.g. 4x2 – 4x + 1 = (2x)2 – 2(2x)(1) + 12
= (x + 3)2 = (2x – 1)2

Factorize the following expressions. (11 – 16)


11. 9 x 2 − 100 ~ Example 1.4(a) 13. a 2 + 18ab + 81b 2 ~ Example 1.4(b)

= =

12. 121a 2 − 4b 2 14. 25 p 2 − 20 pq + 4q 2


= =

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 2 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022


1 More about Factorization of Polynomials

15. 50 x 2 − 98 y 2 16. 48m 2 + 72mn + 27 n 2


= =

17. (a) Factorize 4 x2 − 20 x + 25 .


(b) Hence, factorize 4( p + 3) 2 − 20( p + 3) + 25 . ~ Example 1.5

Solution
(a)

(b)

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 3 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2022

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