8

TECHNICAL LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION

SHEILDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)
Module 5
Interpret Plans and Drawings
Technology Livelihood Education- Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 5: Interpret Plans and Drawings
First Edition 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalty.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City
Division Superintendent: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: Marco Antonio E. Sosobrado
Editor: Fernando C. Herodico Jr.
Reviewers: Elvira A. Almonte,EPS- Kindergarten/SPED/TLE Designate
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Jonie Mar D. Rebucas / Clarissa B. Madelo
Management Team
Chairperson: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Conniebel C. Nistal

OIC, office of the Schools Division Superintendent
Pablito B. Altubar
CID Chief

Members : Elvira A. Almonte,EPS- Kindergarten/SPED/TLE Designate

Narcisa G. Sabello,PSDS
Himaya B. Sinatao, LRMDS Manager
Jay Michael A. Calipusan, PDO II
Mercy M. Caharian

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City
Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway,Gingoog City
Telefax: 088 328 0108/ 088328 0118
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 Table of Contents

What I Know .......................................................................................................................................... i

Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines ...................................................................................................... 1
What I need to know ............................................................................................................................ 1
What’s In............................................................................................................................................... 1
What’s New ......................................................................................................................................... 1
What Is It .............................................................................................................................................. 2
What I Have Learned ............................................................................................................................ 4
What I can do ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Interpret Technical Drawings ................................................................................................................ 5
What I need to know ............................................................................................................................ 5
What’s In............................................................................................................................................... 5
What’s New .......................................................................................................................................... 6
What Is It .............................................................................................................................................. 6
What I Have Learned .......................................................................................................................... 13
What I can do ...................................................................................................................................... 14
Assessment: ........................................................................................................................................ 15
Key to Answer ..................................................................................................................................... 16
References: ......................................................................................................................................... 17
 What I Know
Pre-Test
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. It’s a thick solid line used to show the visible shape of the object.
A. Center line C. Extension line
B. Object lined D. Short break line
2. Which is a heavy uneven line drawn freehand that is used to show a short break to
conserve space on a drawing?
A. Hidden line C. Center line
B. Extension line D. Short Break Line
3. It’s a broken line made up of a sequence of short and long clashes or
interchangeably spaced, to show the center of circles, arcs, and symmetrical
objects?
A. Hidden line C. Center line
B. Extension line D. Object line
4. The broken line of medium thickness is used to show the edges and outline not
visible to the eye.
A. Hidden line C. Center line
B. Extension line D. Object line
5. The fine lines spread from the thing with a slight break between and is used to show
dimensioning points.
A. Hidden line C. Center line
B. Extension line D. Object line
6. Fine lines with tips usually touch the allowance lines and show distance given by the
dimensions.
A. Hidden line C. Extension line
B. Leader line D. Cutting Plane line
7. The purpose of this line is to specify where an imaginary cut is made through the
object.
A. Hidden line C. Extension line
B. Dimension line D. Cutting Plane line
8. Series of fine lines-solid or solid and broken arranged in specific patterns used to
represent various kinds of materials.
A. Chain line C. Section line
B. Break line D. Phantom line
9. Fine lines that extend from the object with a slight break between and it is used to
display dimensioning points.
A. Chain line C. Section line
B. Object line D. Extension line
10. Used to show the visible shape of the object.
A. Chain line C. Section line
B. Object line D. Extension line

i
 Lesson
Identify Standard Alphabet of
1 Lines

What I need to know

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

 Select and Identify different alphabetical lines
 Differentiate lines according to its uses
 Application of lines according to job requirements

What’s In

This module contains data and recommended learning activities on Understanding

drawings and Symbols. It includes instruction and procedure on how to Understand Drawings
and Symbols.
Completion of this module will help you to better understand the succeeding module
which is the Contribution of Quality System.
This module consists of three (3) objectives. Each learning objectives contains learning
activities. Before you perform the instruction, read carefully each task and answer the
specified questions and activities provided. Your teacher will assist you by monitoring on the
internet or by calling on the phone of what you have acquired.
Upon completion of this module, report to your teacher by sending message or calling
him/ her through phone. You can also send your answer sheet on a given email add of your
teacher.

What’s New

Activity 1: Arrange scrambled letter and form it into word.

1. DDENHI -
2. NOITSEC -
3. LACITEBAHPLA -
4. LNESI -
5. DNOISNEMI -
6. KREAB -
7. MPOHANT -
8. ENCERT -

1
 What Is It
Alphabet of Lines

The lines in the alphabet of lines are used to describe shape, size, hidden surfaces,
interior detail and alternate positions of parts. Each conveys a particular meaning on the
drawing.
Each type of the line has a very precise symbolic correct meaning and usage in the
alphabet of lines. It is also essential whether you use the traditional drafting methods or
ACAD. Line weight is the thickness of the line. Construction lines and guide lines are
very light, easily erased lines used to block the main lay out.

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

There are quite a few dissimilar types of lines used on a print and each has different
meaning. To be able to understand a print, the student should have knowledge of these
lines. These lines are called alphabet of lines.
1. Object Line. Thick solid line used to show the noticeable shape of the object.

___________________________________________

2. Hidden Line. Broken line of average thickness and used to show the edges
and outlines not visible to the eye.
------------------------

3. Center Line. Fine, broken line made up of a sequence of short and long
dashes alternately spaced. To show the center of circles, arcs, and
symmetrical objects and to aid in dimensioning the parts of the object.
__ _____ __ _____ __ ______ __

4. Extension Line. Fine lines that stretch from the object with a slight break
between and it is used to show dimensioning points.

2
5. Dimension Line. Lines accustomed indicate the amount of objects. It
consists of three parts: arrowheads, fine line, and number or size. The fine
lines have the identical thickness or weight as the projection line. The
arrowheads are short heavyweight strokes (called flares) placed at the
extremities of this fine line. The figure of an arrowhead is like the point of an
standard pen. The number or figure is usually situated at the middle of the
fine line and its axis is perpendicular to it.

6. Leader Line. Fine, fine line with an arrowhead or circular solid dot at one end
and typically drawn at a position. Points conventional to a surface for the
tenacity of dimensioning or count a note. A point may be used at the end of
the straight line where reference is made to a surface area.

7. Cutting Plane Line. A thick fragmented line made up of a series of one

long and two brief dashes interchangeably displayed. The arrowheads
are positioned at right angles to the cutting plane line. The aim of this line
is to indicate where an imaginary cut is made through the object. The
arrow points within the direction in which the section should be viewed.
Letters next to the arrowheads sort the section in cases where more than
one section is shown on the drawing. These lines are focused on
vertically, horizontally, or at the actual angle at which the part is drawn.

8. Section Lines. Sequence of fine lines-solid or solid and broken-arranged in

specific patterns. They’ll be shown either straight or curved. When shown
straight, they’re usually drawn at a 45 0 angle. It is used to show the imaginary
3
 cut surface remarked to by the cutting plane line. To represent various
varieties of materials.

9. Chain Line. Heavy, cracked line made up of a series of long and short
dashes off and on spaced. It is used to show the position and extent of a
surface.

__________ ____ __________

10. Short Break Line. Heavy, irregular line drawn freehand wont to show a short
brief to conserve space on a drawing.

11. Long Break Line. Ruled, light line with sketchy zigzags accustomed to show
a extended break to conserve space on a drawing.

12. Phantom Line. Light, cracked line made from a series of long and two short
dashes wont to show alternate positions of a part; to show relationship of
existing part to new part; and to point out machined surfaces.

__________ __ __ ________ __ __ __________

What I Have Learned

Activity 2: Generalization
Directions: Tell something on each alphabetical of lines.
1. Section Lines -
2. Dimension Lines -
3. Short break lines -
4. Cutting Plane -
5. Phantom Line -
6. Long Break Line -
7. Chain Line -
8. Hidden Line -

4
 What I can do
Activity 3:
Directions: Draw an object that you found in your environment or in your home. Apply it
using the different alphabetical lines you know from the topic that you have already read.
Example: A. House B. Table C. Chair D. Car

Lesson
Interpret Technical Drawings
2
What I need to know

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

 To know orthographic, isometric and Identify different welding signs and symbols
 Differentiate orthographic, isometric and welding signs and symbols
 Perform technical drawings according to plans of the specified jobs.

What’s In

In this module you will find information and suggested learning activities on
Interpreting drawings and Symbols. It includes instruction and procedure on a way to
Interpret Drawings and Symbols.
This module consists of three (3) objectives. Each learning objectives contains
learning activities. Before you perform the instruction, read carefully each task and
answer the desired questions and activities provided. Your teacher will assist you by
monitoring you on the web or by calling you on the phone on the learning you have
acquired.
Upon completing this module, report back to your teacher by sending message or
calling him or her on the phone. You can also send your answer sheet on a given email add
of your teacher.

5
 What’s New
Activity 1: WORDSCAPE GAME

Directions: Form at least 5 words using the different letter inside of a circle.

What Is It
Orthographic and Isometric Views

Orthographic View Sketching

The term orthographic comes from the Greek words orthos and graphos which
mean to write and to draw. Orthographic sketching therefore is drawing using lines only.
This kind of drawing is simple. Its purpose is to represent a shape using two or
more views.

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

• Orthographic Drawing

Figure can be viewed in three ways:

a. Frontal plane
b. Horizontal plane
c. Profile plane

• The frontal plane shows the shape of an object as seen from the front. This is
called FV.

6
 K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

• The horizontal plane shows the object as viewed from the top. This is called
the TV of an object.

• The profile plane shows the shape of the object as seen from the side, the
distance from bottom to top and front to back. This is called the SV of an object.

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technology and Livelihood Education

7
Sample orthographic views:

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

II. Isometric Drawing

Isometric drawing is a drawing wherein objects is represented by three skills and

are seen at one time. The term isometric comes from ISO which means equal and metric
means measure. This means therefore that the isometric view is in equal measure to its
orthographic views. Isometric also means that the measurements of the angles are equal as
formed by their three axes.
There are three axes of an isometric drawing: the vertical, the left 20 degrees
cross axis and the right 30 degrees cross axes.

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technology and Livelihood Education

Activity 2:

Isometric Drawing
Procedure:
1) Draw the vertical axis and then lay the height.
2) Draw the left and right degrees cross axis.
3) Measure the width and depth of the object.
4) Draw parallel lines to the width and depth to complete
the three faces of the object.

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technology and

Livelihood Education

8
Activity 3:

Isometric Drawing

Materials:
a. Pencil
b. Eraser
c. Drawing table
d. T-square
e. Compass
f. Protractor
g. Triangle
h. A4 paper

Draw the given working drawing following given measurements using 30 degrees
isometric drawing. Note: Use mm. unit of measurement.
Plate No. 1

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Tecnology and Livelihood Education

Plate No. 2

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

Welding Symbol

Location of Elements: The elements of a welding symbol have standard locations with
respect to each other.

Location Significance of Arrow: The arrow element in a welding symbol in conjunction

with the reference line determines the arrow side and other side of a weld.
The symbol representing an arrow side weld is always placed below the
reference line. The sign arrow side is always closest to the reader when viewed from
the bottom of the drawing. The weld symbol illustrating other side weld is placed
above the reference line, away from the reader. Welds on both side of a joint are
shown by placing weld symbols on both sides of the reference line.

9
 Some weld codes have no arrow or other side significance. However, add-on
symbols used in combination with these weld symbols may have such implication.
For example, welding symbols for struggle spot and seam welding have no side
significance, but GTAW, EBW, or other spot and layer welds may have arrow and
other side.

References: When a description, process, test, or other references is needed to

simplify a welding symbol, the reference is placed in a tail on the welding symbol.
The letters CJP may be used in the tail of the arrow to indicate that a complete joint
penetration groove weld is required, regardless of the type of weld or joint
preparation. The end may be lost when no specification, process, or other reference
is required with a welding symbol.
Dimensions: Dimensions of a weld are revealed on the same side of the position
line as the weld symbol. The size of the weld is shown to the left of the weld symbol,
and the length of the weld is placed on the right. If a dimension is not given, the weld
symbol applies to that portion of the joint between sudden changes in the direction of
welding or between definite dimension lines. If a weld representation is shown on
each side of the reference line, dimensions are required to be given for each weld
even though both welds are identical.

Either US Normal or SI units may be used when specifying dimensions. However,

only one of the two should be used for a product or project.
If a weld in a joint is to be intermittent, the length of the increments and the pitch
(center-to-center spacing) are placed to the right of the weld symbol.
The word weld symbol and welding symbol have unlike meanings. A weld figure
shows the required type of weld. The welding sign contains the weld symbol and additional
information. A complete welding symbol involves of the following elements:
• Reference line
• Arrow
• Basic weld symbol
• Dimensions and other data
• Supplementary symbol
• Finish symbol
• Tail
• Specification, process and other references

10
K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technology and Livelihood Education

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

11
 K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Educational and Livelihood Education

Weld Symbols
Weld symbols are intended to be based in conveying the information among the designer,
shop and fabrication personnel.
• Type of joint
• Type of joint preparation
• Side of groove preparation and welding
• Type of weld
• Size of weld

a. Type of Joint
A joint is a junction of members or the edges of members that are to be joined or
have been joined. The five basic joints used in welding are:

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

12
 K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum: Technologyl and Livelihood Education

What I Have Learned

Activity 4:
Directions: Choose a letter correspond to your answer on the given choices below.
Welding symbols

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. . 9. 10

13
Choices of answer
A. Weld All Around B. Single C. Fillet welds D. Surfacing
E. Single j-butt F. Arc spot weld G. Flare-Bevel-groove
H. Arc seam weld I. Steep flanked J. single-V butt weld
K. Square butt L. Stud weld

What I can do
Activity 5:
Directions: Answer Set A and B test (Write your answer in a separate sheet of
paper).
A. Enumerate the 3 principal interpretations in the orthographic drawing
1.
2.
3.
B. List down five tools and materials used in creating orthographic drawing
1.
2.
3.
4.
C. Illustrate Orthographic and isometric View in a one short bond paper.
D. Illustrate at least (Five) 5 welding symbols you think it most common used in welding;

14
 Assessment:

Post Test

Multiple Choices: Choose a letter match to your answer on the given choices below.
Welding symbols

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. . 9. 10

Choices of answer

A. Melt Through B. surfacing

C. Plug or slot D. Single j-butt
E. Backing weld F. Flare-Bevel-groove
G. Edge Weld H. Steep flanked
I. single-V butt weld J. Single U Butt
K. Stud weld

11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

16. 17. 18. . 19 20.

Choices of Answer

A. Field weld B. Flat

C. Permanent Backing D.Toes
E. Back or backing weld F.Spacer
G.Removable backing H.Consumable insert
I. concave J.Flush or flat

15
 16
What’s New
A. Activity 1: Words cape
1. Symbol
2. Symbols
Post Test 3. Boss
1 C 4. Bossy
2 K 5. Mob
3 J 6. Mobs
4 E What Can I Do 7. Soy
5 B 8. Lob
A.
6 A 9. Moly
7 G 1. Front View 10. Mol
8 F 2. Top View
3. Side View
9 H What I have Learned
10 I B.
1. C
11 A 1 Compass
2. K
12 I 2 T-Square
3. J
13 J 3 A4 paper
4. E
14 D 4 Drawing Table
5. D
15 E 5 Eraser, pencil
6. A
16 F and protractor
7. G
17 G 8. F
18 C 9. H
19 B 10. I
20 H
Lesson 2
What I Have Learned: Pupil’s answer may vary.
What I Can Do: Pupil’s answer may vary.
What’s New
What I Know
Arrange scramble Letter into a word
1. DDENHI - Hidden
1. b
2. NOITSEC - Section 2. d
3. LACITEBAHPLA - Alphabetical 3. c
4. LNESI - Lines 4. a
5. DNOISNEMI - Dimension 5. b
6. KREAB - Break 6. b
7. MPOHANT - Phantom 7. d
8. ENCERT - Center 8. c
9. d
10. b
Lesson 1
Key to Answer
References:
Lesson 1

http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_smaw_welding_learning_module
.pdf
https://brainly.ph/question/2173008
https://www.slader.com/discussion/question/the-sixth-grade-art-students-are-making-
a-mosaic-using-tiles-in-the-shape-of-right-triangles-each-ti/

Lesson 2

http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_smaw_welding_learning_module.pdf
https://brainly.ph/question/2173008
https://www.slader.com/discussion/question/the-sixth-grade-art-students-are-making-a-
mosaic-using-tiles-in-the-shape-of-right-triangles-each-ti/
weldingsymbolsondrawings-140103090702-phpapp01( Google Search )
Wikipedia
Google scholar

17
1