Time Notes Slide #/

Resources
5 INTRODUCTION #1-2
min Show slide detailing topic of workshop and sessions aims
10 DISCUSSION #3
min Show discussions questions. Ppts (small groups) discuss Qs.
Feedback
10 WHAT IS AN INTEGRATED CURRICULUM? #4
min Ask the question. “What is an integrated curriculum?’
Elicit ideas from ppts. Show slide.

What is integrated learning?

This learning promotes and refers to holistically learning. As it connects
many topics of one concept t with other subjects. And further, it
connects .one subjects topic to many subjects. Students can use their
previous knowledge and experiences. Then, apply it to real-life
situations.
In past or in earlier times you can find the subject boundaries. But in
integrated learning, is much more flexible for children. It helps the
children to expand his /her knowledge and experience.
Additionally, it focuses on beyond the text learning. So that children can
connect it with real-life experiences and learn.
10 PRINCIPLES OF INTEGRATED LEARNING # 5-6
min Ask ppts why we should integrate our curriculums.
Elicit ideas. Show slide.

So far, the key principles and the characteristics of integrated learning

have been discussed. These can help us to integrate our learning with
other sub-themes or subjects.
NOW LET’S DISCUSS THE APPROACH OR TYPES OF
INTEGRATED LEARNING.
Highlight to ppts that slide #7 shows an in-depth explanation of the
learning integration.
#7
1. WITHIN THE SUBJECT AREAS.
Point out to ppts that learning integration is divided into three
approaches or types. First, we will look at these approaches in detail.
Then, give examples of each approach.
Within-subject areas integration approach. Under this heading comes
an intra-disciplinary approach: Let’s learn about it.
1.INTRA- DISCIPLINARY APPROACH:
It is a process of learning where the particular subject has different
concepts. Then within that subject, it connects different concepts with
several topics.
In this type of approach, we combine knowledge and skills of the same
subjects during the classroom. Which helps to make teaching a
learning process effective.
This process of combining various concepts. Different topics in the
same subjects make the learning process effective.
Example 1: Show slide # 8 – tell ppts that this is an example from #8
math.
Here we take the example of the teaching concept – Addition to the
grade 1 student. In an intra- disciplinary approach, teachers can ask
them to count numbers from 1 to 10. Check their number knowledge.
Which is important for addition.
Then Ask about ascending and descending order. Give some numbers
to arrange it.
Further to teach addition, combine all topics. Teachers use that
previous knowledge of numbers. Then ascending and descending
order and more concepts. Which makes learning holistic for the
children.
Intra -disciplinary approach is a very old way of the teaching-learning
process. Yet using an integrating approach makes the learning easy for
the kids.
Another topic: Concept:
Subject Topic
Ascending order and Addition for
Mathematics Numbers
descending order. grade :1

Example 2:
The subject is English. Where you can learn different competencies
within that subject area only. During the language learning process, you
can combine reading, writing. creative writing, spelling through
storytelling activity or poem recitation activity.
Storytelling -Oral communication is one of the concepts of the language
subject. But to make it more interesting. You instruct the students to
apply their previous knowledge and experiences. And instruct them to
write a story using that knowledge. Further, you can say to read the
story and underline the new words. Then ask related questions. And tell
them to write the answer from the story.
In a way to combine one concept with inter topics of the same subjects.
And try to make the learning holistic for children.
Subject Topic Another topic: Concept:
 Writing or Oral communication
Language Reading
Spelling through Storytelling.
Intra -disciplinary approach is a very old way of the teaching-learning
process. Yet using an integrating approach makes the learning easy for
the kids.
INTEGRATION BETWEEN THE SUBJECT AREAS:
Integration between subject areas is divided into two approaches.
• Multidisciplinary approach
• Interdisciplinary approach
Let’s understand both approaches in detail with examples.
1.MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH:
In this type of approach, the outcome of the subject area remains
distinct. But because some meaningful linkages are connected during
the teaching-learning process. It allows students to combine different
subjects during teaching one lesson. Now let us understand with an #9
example.
As you can see above the example of Theme Water. Water is the
theme or topic of science. But using integrated learning, we can teach
many subjects to the children. And try to make the teaching-learning
process holistic. Now Let’s understand What is multidisciplinary
integrated learning is. Show slide #10. #10
Examples
You saw on the above-mentioned examples how we can connect and
combine various subjects with one topic.
NOW LET’S TAKE ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATED #11
LEARNING:
The same way I gave here is an example of Mode of transport. And
clearly, I have mentioned the various other subjects. You can combine
the mode of transport with:
• Language
• Science
• Mathematics
• History
• Geography
• Art and many more subjects.
Finally, you may understand what a multidisciplinary approach is? How
you can use it in your day-to-day life to make the teaching-learning
process holistic.
You can use many hands-on activities. Which child can learn from his
own experiences? That type of experiential learning can help to use
integrated learning approaches easily. Here I link the list of activities of
experiential learning. Click on the link you can reach that page.
Next, we will discuss the second approach of integrated learning of
integration between the subject areas. I.e. interdisciplinary approach.
2. INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH:
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches are almost the same.
As an interdisciplinary approach, connect one subject to many other
subjects during the teaching-learning process.
Let’s see examples of this integrated learning approach: #13
Like a multidisciplinary approach here also, you can take any subject.
And combine that subject with:
 Dancing
 Singing
 Art
 Language
 life skills and social skills
 mathematics
 games
Try to give kids a holistic way of teaching. Now, here I give you an
example of food in the chart below.
As you can see above concept food of Science or EVS can combine
with:
 Roleplay : Roleplay on food cultural diversity can show.
 Singing : Folk song competition can arrange
 Mathematics: Concept of measuring units can teach.
 Language : Creative writing or essay writing on food.
 Science : Sources of food.
 Method of cooking
 Types of utensils
 Raw and cooked food concepts
 Listing of vegetables and Spices
 Art : Drawing and painting
 Street play
 Social skills : Save food .
 help the needed people.
 Help orphans or old people.
As you see above example how we integrate different subject areas
with one subject area. The above example is the best example of an
interdisciplinary approach to integrated learning.
3. INTEGRATION IS BEYOND THE SUBJECT AREAS
Last but not least, the third type of integration is Beyond the subject
areas. Beyond the subject areas means students can connect this
knowledge with the real world. And learn from real-life experiences. The
students connect their day-to-day life experiences with subject areas.
UNDER THIS TYPE OF INTEGRATION COMES A
TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH:
The key feature of these integrated learning is knowledge and
experiences of day-to-day life. Students have vast experiences. So
connect that experience and knowledge with the teaching-learning
process. And try to acquire a new learning situation for them. That way
it helps to establish a holistic way of learning.
Project-based learning is the best example of beyond subject areas
integrated learning. Where the students have given the real-life
problems as a project. They research it. Explore it and come to a
conclusion and acquire new knowledge.
Here is the above process using a project-based method. Students
acquire new knowledge which are beyond the textbooks. Students
develop life skills and social skills as well. Two routes i.e disciplinary
and interdisciplinary approaches lead to the transdisciplinary approach.
Example of buying things from any supermarket. Here a child can apply
his previous knowledge. And if he bought earlier from anywhere. Or
observe anyone buying things.
• Listing items to buy : correlate with language
• Reading shop name or items name : Again language area
• Money : counting and concept of money : Mathematics.
• Social skills/ life skills. : Don’t cheat or hide things from the
store . value of money.
• Try to give kids a holistic way of teaching. Now, here I give you
an example of food in the chart below. Mathematics
• Food items : Science and EVS.
So you can see how using the transdisciplinary approach in a real-life a
child can learn holistically. He has knowledge of buying things which
helps him to acquire new knowledge using a disciplinary and
interdisciplinary approach.

CONCLUSION :
So now you have clear ideas about what is integrated learning and the
types of art integrated learning. Here I try to give you more clarification
with examples so that you have clear ideas about integrated learning.
And you can easily use these ideas in your day-to-day teaching-
learning process. And make the learning process holistic and
everlasting.
Now. Last is hare a chart where you can easily understand the
integration type: #17

Highlight advantages and disadvantages of an integrated curriculum

Advantages
 Leads to more meaningful and memorable lessons
 Creates a learner-centred education.
 Authentic models can be created.
 More appreciation of peers and their input and efforts to
teaching.

Disadvantages
 Takes time and energy to plan for lessons
 Scheduling between teachers can be difficult to plan.
 Takes time to form routines and implement in the classroom.
 School schedule might not be flexible enough.

It is important to note not all goals or curriculum areas can be

emphasized equally in every project, theme, or topic of study.
As you plan appropriate learning experiences it will become clear that
not all curriculum content can be explored in an integra red way. For
example, the introduction of place value in math need not be related to
a project and might be better taught using concrete materials designed
specifically for enhancing developments of concepts in mathematics.
Once understood, the concept of place value could subsequently be
integrated into other activities and its connections to the real world
highlighted.
ADDITIONAL NOTES
Children’s strengths and interests
Beginning the year with a unit, theme, or topic such as ‘Me’ or “Getting
to know you allows the teacher and children to learn about one another
and discover shred interests. While the class is learning about one
another, the teacher and children can agree upon the routines
necessary to facilitate a harmonious classroom. Involving children in
arranging and decorating the classroom, setting up storage systems,
and suggesting topics build the foundation for motivation and
commitment to one another. Many teachers find a class brainstorming
session to determine areas of interest is an essential first-step in
establishing a leaner-focused curriculum. These suggestions may be
listed, prioritized, and revisited during the year.
The key factor is inviting all class members, including the teacher, to
provide suggestions and participate in developing a list of agreed-upon
topics for study. This list becomes a starting point for the teacher in
planning activities and experiences which provide a balance of content
and process.
The Teacher’s strengths and interest
Just as children’s wonders and joy drives their learning, so can
teacher’s interests and enthusiasm. Children need to see their teachers
as learners and as human beings. The teacher’s willingness to share
what he or she values shows the children that learning is lifelong
activity and that their teacher is person who thinks and feels and cares.
In long range planning, teachers need to ask: “How can I use my
interests and talents to enhance learning and still incorporate the
children’s interests? What contributions can I make by sharing?”
Such sharing may include:
 Personal culture
 Love of literature
 Experiences with writing
 Interest in sciences.
 Recreational activities
 Interest and talent in arts, crafts etc.
 An inquiring attitude.