0% found this document useful (0 votes)
21 views1 Phy
Uploaded by
crimeninja2022Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
21 views1 Phy
Uploaded by
crimeninja2022Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 21
CONTENT
2 1,CERTIFICATE OF EXCELLENCE
9 2, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
2 3. AIM OF PROJECT
2 4, INTRODUCTION
eS THEORY =
o 6. APPARATUS REQUIRED
e 7. PROCEDURE FOLLOWED
2 8. OBSERVATION
2 9. CONCLUSION
2 10, PRECAUTION
2 11. BIBLIOGRAPHY
JeuPIBNW HO OBJECTIVE
Te investigate the relation between
the ratio of :-
o 1. Input and output voltage.
o 2. Number of turnings in the
secondary coil and primary coil of a
self made transformer.
upp fe} INTRODUCTION
Transformer is a device which increase or decrease the
voltage. It is based on the Principle of mutual induction.
According to this principle, the amount of magnetic flux
linked with a coil changing, an e.m.f is induced in the
neighboring coil.
A transformer is an electrical device which is used for
changing the A.C. voltages. A transformer is most widely
used device in both low and high current circuit. As such
transformers are built in an amazing strength of sizes. In
electronic, measurement and control circuits, transformer
size may be so small that it weight only a few tens of grams
where as in high voltage power circuits, it may weight
hundred of tones.
JeUPIBNW HO:
In a transformer, the electrical energy transfer from one
circuit to another circuit takes place without the use of
moving parts,
step-up transformer. A transformer which decreases the
A.C. voltages is called a step-down transformer. an
essential piece of apparatus both for high and low current
circuits.
A transformer which increases the voltages is called a ' THEORY
(0 When an altering e.m-f. is supplied to the primary coil
pip2, an alternating current starts falling in it. The
altering current in the primary produces a changing
magnetic flux, which induces altering voltage in the
primary as well as in the secondary. In a good-
transformer, whole of the magnetic flux linked with z
primary is also linked with the secondary, and then the,
induced e.m.f. induced in each turn of the secondary ig
equal to that induced in each turn of the primary. Thus if
Ep and Es be the instantaneous values of the e.m.f.’s
induced in the primary and the secondary and Np and
Ns are the no. of turns of the primary secondary coils of’
the transformer and
dcp / dt = rate of change of flux in each,
turnoff the coil at this instant
we have,
Ep = -Np dep/dt (1) and Epp = -Np debildt ccs.ccccssecsssssevscensscossnsnol
and,
Es = -Ns ddp/dt
soeaammnssane taal iepececessamn (2)
Since the above relations are true at every
instant, so by dividing 2 by 1,
we get,
Es/Ep=-Ns/Np
seUPIEN A HO
As Ep is the instantaneous value of back
e.m.f induced in the primary coil p1, so the
instananeous current in primary coil is due to
the difference (E-—Ep ) inthe instantaneous |
values of the applied and back e.m.f. further if
Rp is the resistance 0, p1p2 coil, then the
instantaneous current Ip in the primary coil is
given by.
lp =E-Ep/Rp
E-—Ep=Ip Rp G When the resistance of the primary is
small, Rp Ip can be neglected so therefore.
E-Ep=OorEp=E
Thus back e.m.f = input e.m.f
Hence equation 3 can be written as
Es / Ep =Es/E = output e.m.f/ input
e.m.f=Ns/Np=K
Where K is constant, called turn or
transformation ratio.
seUPILNW HO: IN A STEP-DOWN
Meas
Step Down Transformer z
Primary Secondary z
1000V 200V
2A 10A
2000 W 2000 W Es Eso K> 1, hence Ns > Np
As, k>1,solp>lIsorls
