VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY,
BELGAUM-590018

INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON

SITE EXECUTION – RESIDENTIAL HOUSING

INFRASTRUCTURE
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
BY
Namith L - (1NH18CV411)
Under the guidance of

Dr. C. GIRI PRASAD

(Sr. ASST. PROFESSOR, CIVIL DEPARTMENT, NHCE)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

 The Trust is a recipient of Prestigious Rajyothsava State Award
2012 Conferred by the Government of KARNATAKA
Awarded Outstanding Technical Education Institute in Karnataka -2016
Outer Ring Road, Near Marathahalli, Bengaluru-560103.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Certificate
Certified that the Internship on Residential building in area BHOGANHALLI
is a bonafide work carried out by USN: (1NH18CV411- NAMITH L) In partial
fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering of the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum during the year 2020-2021 to
meet academic requirement.

Signature of the guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

PROF. C. GIRI PRASAD Dr. NIRANJAN P.S Dr. MANJUNATHA

…………………… …..……………… ……………

Examiners:

1)………………………………..

2)…………………………….....
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me immense pleasure in presenting this report on INTERSHIP AT

DSR TECHNO CUBE Pvt LMT.

I would like to present my sincere gratitude to DSR GROUP for giving me

this opportunity to work as intern at “DSR” site.

I would like to thank DSR for their personal involvement throughout the
training which helped me in understanding and implementing various technical
aspects of civil engineering.

It’s my privilege to thank the college management for introducing this

course which enhanced my knowledge.

I would like to thank my parents for their support and co-operation.

Without the support from all of them, this project would have not been a
successful one
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
COMPANY PROFILE

DSR BUILDERS & DEVELOPERS is a path breaking and passionate real estate company
with an extraordinary vision to transform the urban landscape into livable, lovable and
enviable eco system which is build to last and futuristic. Company with a strong foundation
rooted into a large real estate group with traditional values of trust, reliability and integrity,
set out on a mission to build modern and magnificent living spaces encompassed with world
clas0s infrastructure, state of the art technology, Eco friendly construction norms and
uncompromised quality standards .Competent & Highly experienced team is one of the core
strength of DSR Builders & Developers.

Mr. D.Raghuram Reddy, Managing Director of DSR Builders & Developers is an

institution in himself with more than 30yrs of rich experience in the field of construction as
part of a large real estate group Mr.Raghuram Reddy had embarked on a new journey by
formation of a new company in the name of DSR Builders and developers along with highly
passionate, specialized and skilled team members. He has a clear vision to beat the clutter
by carving out iconic projects which are both a Home dreamer’s abode and also an
investor’s paradise.DSR Builders & Developers introduced uber luxury life style apartments
in Hyderabad through one of its prestigious project “DSR Reganti” .State of the art concepts
and techniques are widely implemented in all the projects to optimize water efficiency,
energy efficiency etc which contribute to resident health, happiness and well being .The
company has exciting and fascinating plans with iconic and path breaking projects with
international standards lined up for coming years.
Vision:
To be a trusted & transformational real estate developer, constantly redefining living
standards with highest level of professionalism, ethical values and quality of work,
enhancing value proposition to all the stakeholders involved while contributing to society at
large.

Mission:
To be a path breaking real estate Company, recognized for its unique
accomplishments in the real estate business consistently delivering quality, & customer
satisfaction.
 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT

Newly ongoing project at DSR’S parkway is the gated residential apartments by a

well known builder M/s DSR infrastructure Pvt.Ltd.
It’s a residential apartment consists of well engineered homes of 1/2/3/4 BHK in 10
towers. A newly apartments as it takes shape is all set to enhance the urban living in
Bengaluru with great amenities in Bangalore. The project named “DSR PARKWAY” is a
stylish compilation of the state of the art high rise building with best amenities
The project is spread across the 10 acres of carefully crafted landscape, the complex
ensures an ecofriendly distort to urban living. For those who appreciate a luxuriant life style
surrounded by a natural beauty with all the amenities (with the boundary of the site) and
many more.
DSR parkway personifies a home that can take you to the next level.

Address: DSR TECHNO CUBE BBMP katha No.639/645/1 survey no 68 village varthur
road next to SKR kalyan Mantapa Thubarahalli Bengaluru 560037.
PROJECT INFORMATION

The project is being developed on total land area 10 acres. Its consist of homes with 1/2/3/4
BHK options spread across 10 towers. The carefully well planned property with 781 FLATS.

Each tower is well designed with 2 basements+ Ground Floor+14 Floor. It is framed
structure i.e., the consist of well planned beams and columns and footings The main and
partition walls are constructed with solid blocks of different thickness. However these
blocks are recommended for framed structures.

Fig no 1.1: Front View of DSR Parkway

Fig no 1.2: Side View

PROJECT MASTER PLAN

Fig no 1.3: Master plan of DSR parkway

 Main wall - 6”
 Partition wall – 4”
 Hallow block
PROJECT DETAILS

Name of the project DSR parkway

Type of building Residential apartment

Site area 10 Acres

Total built up area (Sqm) 11,00,000 sq.ft

Total Flats 781 no’s

Total towers 10

Type of structure Framed

Available flats 1BHK,2BHK,&3BHK apartments

Area of 1BHK 659 sft

Area of 2BHK 1229 sft -1310 sft

No. of (3BHK Large+3Toilet) apartments 1451 sft-1809 sft

Location of the project with address Address: DSR TECHNO CUBE BBMP
katha No.639/645/1 survey no 68
village varthur road next to SKR
kalyan Mantapa Thubarahalli
Bengaluru 560037.

Table No 1.1: PROJECT CONSULTANTS DETAILS

 Contractor:
 Architect
 Structural consultant
 No. of (1BHK+1Toilet) apartments
 No. of (2BHK+2Toilet) apartments
 No. of (3BHK+ 3Toilet) apartments
CHAPTER 2

SAFETY MEASURES IN SITE

The employees and workers working in site are responsible fall protections
precautions which ensures safety to workers. Measures to provide safety to workers Making
sure that ladders are long enough to climb and reach the work area to prevent minor and
major injury. All the employees should be properly trained for the safety and precaution
should be taken by the workers for their own safety
 Proper care should be taken while in corners and open places.
 Use of mobile phones in the site should be avoided.
 Wearing of helmet to protect head and use of protective hand gloves.
 employees safety.
 Integrated safety as part of the job.
 Have a full protection system.
 Contractors should construct according to specifications.
 Workers are trained for their own safety

Fig No 2.1: Safety kit

Departments involved in the construction activity:
 Planning
 Quality Survey
 Quality Assurance/Quality Control
 Site Execution
 Contracts
 Safety
 Store
List of plans studied:
 Master plan
 Architectural plans
 Tower setting out plans
 Boundary setting plans
 Foundation layout
 Reinforcement details
 Ramp details
 Services (Rain water sump, Storm water sump)
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS:
 Structural materials
 Flooring materials
 Water proofing materials
 Plumbing materials
 Miscellaneous materials
CHAPTER 3
Materials
Quality of materials used is an important aspect of construction management,
especially when it comes to materials. The construction materials received in the site should
be tested before for the quality. It advisable to conduct all the laboratory tests for each and
every material or if there is a change of source or brand.
As the materials arrive in the site various test reports of various materials come from
third party. The materials are tested to achieve expected results as per Indian Standards.

Table No 3.1: Materials used in construction.

1. Cement 4. Concrete

2. Fine Aggregate 5. Steel

3. Coarse Aggregate 6. solid concrete blocks

1. CEMENT

Fig no 3.1: Cement Bags

OPC (ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT):
 53 grade
 Zuari, Nagarjuna, Ramco, ACC these Companies cement has been used in
 the site. .
Cement is the product manufactured by burning and crushing all the raw materials like silica
alumina and calcareous materials
There are different types of cement opc (ordinary Portland cement) fast setting
cement and high strength cement, pozzalona cement which are used for various
applications in the site
The selection of a type of the cement depends upon the requirements of the
structure:
 The compressive strength of the column, beam
 The structure type that to be built
 The weather conditions of the location of the structure

The following are the different uses of cement in construction works:

 To construct the beams columns
 To build waterproof structures like water tanks
 To build heat and fire resistant structures
 To build chemically resistant structures
 To protect structures from weather by plastering

2. FINE AGGREGATE:

Fig No 3.2: P-SAND and M-SAND

 The sand obtained from river shores which is natural sand and from crushing stones
is known manufactured sand. The aggregate along with the hydrated cement paste fill the
space between the coarse aggregate. Manufactured sand is a substitute for river sand. As
construction industry is growing faster day by day, due to this demand has increased
tremendously, causing shortage for suitable river sand.
As there is a depletion of river sand due to excessive use of that is the reason there
is a huge demand for manufactured sand. The reason for using M-sand is that it is easily
available any time. As the cost of construction can be reeducated by using M-sand.
Since the manufactured sand can be crushed from hard stones. it can be easily
purchased for the construction purpose, the cost of m sand here it can minimize from than
the sand from rivers
In the site basically 2 sands are used
 P- Sand is used for plastering
 M- Sand is used for mortar mixing

The other advantage of using M-Sand is, it has uniform materials and the dust can be taken
off by using water high strength van be achieved

3. COARSE AGGREGATE:
Coarse aggregate of size 10mm, 20mm and 40mm are used:

Coarse Aggregates have different shapes The size of aggregates bigger than 4.75 mm
is called coarse aggregate. The nominal size of coarse aggregates is 40mm, 20mm, 16mm,
12.5mm etc. 4.75 retained stones are called coars agrregates
Coarse aggregates are classified into two groups
(I) Single sized aggregates
(II) well Graded aggregate.
Single sized aggregate is based on size specifications.
 Fig No 3.3: Coarse aggregate

4. CONCRETE:

Fig No 3.4: Concrete

Based upon the mix design different grade of concrete are used like M15, M20, M25, M30,
M35.

Concrete is mixture of cement, aggregates, water that have binding properties which
becomes hard after certain time it gains full strength in 29 days and curing is required to
reduce hydration of the concrete and reduce cracks . Concrete is the only material which
can be used everywhere. The reason for the use of concrete in construction field is because
of its adaptability, durability, strength, availability and economy.
Use of concrete

 Concrete can be used for structure carrying all types of stresses by suitable
reinforcing it.
 Rich cement concrete is used for construction of storage tanks and other storage
structures
 It can be given various finishes, which is not possible with any other building
material.
 Structural members like beams and columns and slabs the concrete is used in
different proportions.

5. STEEL

Fig No 3.5: Steel

Steel is a metal alloy its has iron as major content and zinc as minor. It has less
rusting properties than iron. Steel has properties to withstand compression and it resists
temperature and cracking

Different types of steel is used based on the requirements the fe415, fe555,
depending upon the structures required strength
 6. Solid cement concrete blocks

Fig No 3.6: Solid concrete block

These blocks are made from cast concrete the main ingredients used in manufacturing
of these blocks are Portland cement, aggregate, usually sand and fine gravel for high density
blocks are used. In case of lower density blocks industrial wastes may be used such as fly ash
concrete and other aggregates an steel is also used as a pre tensioner Following thickness of
blocks are used of masonry construction

 Main wall-6 inch

 Staircase-8 inch wall
 Partion wall-4 inch
Dimension of blocks used in the site:
 8"x8"x16"
 6"x8"x16"
 6"x8"x16"
Advantages of solids blocks:
 These blocks are resistant to fire and water
 Due to sound damping properties it is resistant to noises from outside
 Solid blocks keeps, cooled in high temperature and hot in low temperature
 They are in expensive light weight thus easy to construct.
 walls can be constructed faster compared to bricks.
Fig No 3.7: Blocks masonry
CHAPTER 4
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS

Tower cranes:
These are common fixtures used at major construction work at the site. They are
basically used for Rise construction buildings. The construction equipments are used lift the
the construction epuipments to the top floor and also the materials like concrete and steel
is also transported by using these equipments.

Parts of tower crane:

 The base is fixed to ground by using bolts to the concete base .

 The base connected to series of steel angles which gives the height to the crane .
 Attached to the series of angles which is fixed to motor for rotating the crane
 Attached to a slewing machine which is used as as counterweight to lift the
equipments
 The operators cabin is at the top for the good view

Fig No 4.1: Base of a tower crane

 Fig no 4.2: Tower used in pouring concrete

Fig No 4.3: Tower crane used for lifting material

MATERIAL HOIST

A hoist is a equipments used to lift the materials to top floor theres similar setup
as a crane the lift the materials

There are different types of hoist:

 hydraulic
 Manual, hand operated
 Base mounted or pendant

Precautions should be taken to ensure safety to the workers and all the types of
cranes work in similar way

It is recommended to use user manual while using the equipment.

Fig No 4.4: Material hoist

Fig No 4.4: Rope suspended platform
 Fig No 4.5: Used for external plastering

CONCRETE MIXER TRUCK:

Transit mixers:

This type of transit mixers are usually used for transporting concrete over long
distance. The main advantage of transit mixers is that it can haul the concrete for longer
distance and is less vulnerable to setting on segregation in case of delay .These have
become more efficient in mixing.

Fig No 4.6: Transit mixers

 Fig no 4.7: Concrete mixer of 7 C3
EXCAVATOR:
These are heavy equipments used in construction used to remove the earth and
excavate the earth from the construction site. It has 360 degree rotation and to remove
the earth from construction. The employee has wear the safety equipments for their
own protection

In civil engineering field excavators are used in many ways:

 Digging of , holes, foundation.

 River dredging
 Material handling in construction site
 Drilling shafts for footing and rock blasting by hydraulic drill attachment.

Fig No 4.8: Excavator

Chapter 5
STRUCTURAL WORK
Column
A Column is a structural member that transfers a compressive load to the ground
surface, which have good compressive strength.

Fig No 5.1: De-shuttering of column

Fig No5.2: Column curing

General
After footing casting, mark the centers of respective column on the footing.
 Erect the column cage by checking the number of bars, diameter of bars, spacing
and type of links (rings)
 Provide the length of column bars up to the beam level, considering the
appropriate lap length of the bars.
 Formwork shall be made for column.
 Check the proper covering for column reinforcement.
 Check the unsupported height of the column for slenderness, from footing top to
bottom of the beam. If the height is beyond limits, inform the structural engineer
and provide an intermediate beam.
 Check the offsets of column as per drawing.
 Cast the column as per drawing with mentioned grade of concrete and approved
material and concrete mix design.

To be included

 Column length
 Type of column
 Load carrying capacity of column
 Reinforcement
 Grade of concrete
 Cover to column
 Curing period

SLAB & BEAM:

It is a structural element consisting of concrete which provides strength to the structure
The grade of concrete used in the site for casting concrete for slab M20 in case of
column beam junction same grade of concrete is used.
 Fig No 5.3: Reinforcement for slabs and Beams

Pre Execution Checks:

 Check the availability of the latest relevant GFC drawings.
 Check for the proper marking approved by the surveyor &engineer.
 Suitable vibrator, fuel and vibrator needles are available.
 Are the shuttering and the reinforcement works completed before concreting.
 Ensure the design Mix of concrete & Raw Materials test results?
 Check for the construction joint locations and their treatment as per
specification.
 Ensure lower levels are back proposed as suggested by structural consultant.

During Execution:
 Is the shuttering wet and clean before concreting.
 Does the concrete look homogenous without segregation, bleeding& have
required workability.
 Ensure Uniform compaction done with suitable vibrators.
 Ensure the specific grade of concrete is poured for the
specified member.
 Is the concrete placed and compacted within 3 hours of its mixing.
 Ensure the sufficient workers are available for monitoring the formworks.
 Is curing by sprinkling of water started as soon as the surface starts drying.
 Is broom finish done after initial setting time.
Post Execution Checks:
 Check the overall slab levels using levelling equipment.
 Check for proper curing by ponding & gunny bags for minimum period of 7days.
 De shuttering done as per the structural consultant recommendations.
 Check the surfaces after de shuttering for any honeycombs, straightedges &
Proper levels.
 Check for required number of concrete cubes casted for testing onsite.
 Is the date of casting mentioned on surface to ensure curing period.

To be included:
 Type of slab
 Thickness of slab
 Grade of steel used and dia of bars
 RCC reinforced cement concrete

It is a composite material consists of fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, cement, and

some of quantity of admixtures even steel is also predominant used material. It also
possesses low tensile strength & ductility. Steel bars are usually it is inside the concrete.
The code book used for designing Rcc structure is specified in IS 456-2000.Usually the
aggregates used are 20mm down size at all the depths including compacting with
vibrators, curing and hacking the exposed surfaces whenever required.

The following are the grades of concrete for different structural members:
Foundation – 53mpa
Retaining Wall – 53mpa
Parapet – 43mpa
Lintel and Chejja – 43mpa
Grade Slab – 53mpa
Catch Basin and Earth Pits – 43mpa
Staircase – 43mpa

WATERPROOFING:
It is nothing but the process of making an object or structure water proof or
water resistant without affected by water.
General Surface Preparation
 Application of water proof solution on the surface must be dry, sound mainly
smooth, clean and fine pored, free from ridges, dust, tar, pitch, foaming oil and
other bond breaking residues.
 All surfaces to be waterproofed should be free from honeycombs, voids, cracks
or any other concrete defects which affects the performance of the
waterproofing coating, if any, the same should be grouted, filled with Non Shrink
grout and cured before commencement of waterproofing work.
 Reinforcement bars left in the concrete which has been used as a tie rod/gauge
piece should be cut by chipping the concrete for 25mm dia/deep from the wall
surface, after cutting the reinforcement the same to be packed.
 Sharp projection and edges to be made smooth by grinding/chipping and
finishing the surface.

Waterproofing is done in the following areas:

 Sump
 Toilets and bathrooms
 Inspection chambers
 Balcony
 Terrace
 Outside retaining wall

JOINTS
Generally in case of block work joint is used to differtiate the structures in case
of the natural calamaties a part of structures collapses not the whole strurture due to
the use of the joint

Types of joint:
 Expansion Joint,
 Construction joint and
 Cold joint.
 Fig No 5.4: Wall joints

Expansion Joint:
The Term Expansion it used to allow expansion between the bricks the
bricks expand in the summer temperature due to the high temperature. Contract in the
low temperature due to the constant expansion and contraction it produces cracks

Purpose of expansion joint:

 To prevent cracks due to movements of the concrete

 It is used in the several walls in the construction of the structures like walls, roof
expansion.

Fig No 5.5: Thermal expansion

PLASTERING
Plastering is application of thin layer of cement and sand and water in desired
propertion. It also acts as a damp proof coat over the masonry. Usually the plastering
provides protection work and a finished smooth surface and enhances the appearance
of the building.

Materials Used:
 CEMENT: Cement, unless specified, will be respectively cement of 33 grade.
Cement will be stored in cement go downs at site to protect from dampness and
will be made easily accessible for proper inspection and accounting.
 SAND: Sand for plastering shall conform to IS: 1542.
 PLASTER MESH: Plaster mesh of approved equivalent make is to be used over
junctions.
Table no 5.1: Cement and sand ratios for plastering
LOCATION CM ratio

External plastering 1:6

Internal plastering 1:5

Toilet plastering 1:6

Staircase plastering 1:4

Plastering block work

 For 6" wall 1:6
 For 4" wall 1:4

Process involved in plastering

Preparation of surface: Before plastering work is started over masonry work, the joints
shall be raked out properly. Dust and loose mortar shall be brushed off. Efflorescence if
any shall be removed by brushing and scrapping. For concrete surface, the surface shall
be thoroughly hacked.
Application of plaster:
 Ceiling plaster shall be completed before commencement of wall plaster.
 Wall plaster shall start from top and worked downwards to the floor.
 All putlog holes shall be properly filled before plastering.
 To ensure even thickness and true surface, plaster about 15x15 cm shall be first
applied horizontally and vertically, at not more than 2 meters intervals over the
entire surface to serve as gauges.
 Neat cement slurry shall be applied on the surface before plastering.
 Mortar shall be mixed in the mechanical mixer.
 The mortar shall be then applied on the wall between gauges with trowel.
 The mortar shall then be applied in a uniform surface slightly more than the
specified thickness. Finally the surface shall be finished off true with trowel or
wooden float.
 Excessive toweling or over working the float shall be avoided.
 Application of roughcast plaster and neat cement punning will as per technical
specifications.

Fig No 5.6: Plastering of wall

Chapter 6
CONCLUSION
The project run by DSR Infrastructure was a well spacious with good infrastructure.
On the whole, this internship was a useful experience. I have gained new knowledge, skills and met
many new people. I achieved several of my learning goals, however for some the conditions did not
permit. I got insight into professional practice. I learned the different facets of working within at the
company. I experienced that financing, as in many organizations, is an important factor for the
progress of projects. Related to my study I learned more about the structure and methodology of
construction and quality. There is still a lot to discover and to improve. The methods used at the
moment are still not standardized and a consistent method is in development. we also learnt to
analyze the amount of materials required for a particular building. Furthermore I experienced that it
is of importance that the education is objective and that you have to be aware of the view of other
people. but it is a way of sharing knowledge, ideas and opinions. The internship was also good to
find out what my strengths and weaknesses are. This helped me to define what skills and knowledge
I have to improve in the coming time. It would be better that the knowledge level of the language is
sufficient to contribute fully to projects. After my master I think that I could start my working career.
However I could perform certain tasks in research better if I practice/know more the research
methodologies applied in cetacean studies. It would also be better if I can present and express
myself more confidently. At last this internship has given me new insights and motivation to pursue
a career in structural designing. This internship has also given me insights about the operation of a
construction organization and their chain of commands.