Geotechnical Investigation Report

Chainage/Structure:- 34+300_(Minor Bridge)

SR NO. : 538_21-22

C O N ST R U CTI O N O F S IX L A N E C H IT TO O R -

T H AT CH U R R O A D (G RE EN F IE L D A L IG NM EN T)

F RO M K M 0 . 0 00 TO K M 4 3. 8 00 O N H YB R I D

ANNUITY MO DE U ND E R BH A RA TM A LA

P A R I YO J N A, I N T H E S T A TE OF ANDH RA

P R A DE SH A ND T AM I L NAD U (P A CK AG E - I).
CLIENT

M / S . K CC B UI L DC O N P VT . LT D .

PROGRAMME

SEPTEMBER - 2022

SR. No. Report No. Revision No. Date

538_21-22 CEGTH/KCC/SR-538/2022-23/846_(03 BHs) 00 16.09.2022

B-11(G), Malviya Industrial Area, Jaipur-302017

Tel. : 91-141-4046599, Fax : 91-141-2751806
E-mail : [email protected]., www.cegtesthouse.com
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

CEGTH/KCC/SR-538/2022-23/846 Date:- 16.09.2022

To,
KCC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd.
BU-5, S.F.S. Flats,
Near Income Tax Colony,
Outer Ring Road, Pitampura,
Delhi – 110034.

Subject :- Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km

0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the
state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I).

Dear Sir,
We are pleased to submit this report of the subject work based on 03 boreholes carried out at Ch.
34+400 KM for only MNBR for the proposed project site.

The accompanying report presents results of field tests and laboratory tests conducted on selected
soil samples and their interpretation.

Should there be any clarifications regarding the contents please contact us at your most convenient
time.
We value the opportunity to participate in this project and look forward a pleasant association on
future projects.

Very truly yours,

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd. Prepared By:-

Nehal Jain Manoo Singh

General Manager - Geotechnical Geotechnical Engineer
Authorized Signatory

SR. No. Report Ref. No. Revision No. Date

538_21-22 CEGTH/KCC/SR-538/2022-23/846_(03 BHs) 00 16.09.2022

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to SR-538_21-22
km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

CONTENTS
PAGE
S. NO. ITEMS
NO.
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 SITE LOCATION & GENERAL GEOLOGICAL HISTORY 1-2
3.0 SCOPE OF WORK 2-4
4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION 4-9
5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATION 9-16
CHAPTER 2 ANALYSIS OF TEST RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION
6.0 STRATIFICATION 17
6.1 GROUND WATER TABLE DEPTH 17
6.2 RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 17-18
6.3 COMPUTATION OF LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL 18-19
CHAPTER 3 TYPE AND DEPTH OF FOUNDATION WITH ANALYSIS
7.0 TYPE & DEPTH OF FOUNDATION 20
7.1 ANALYSIS OF FOUNDATION 20-22
CHAPTER 4 RECOMMENDATIONS
8.0 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS 23
ABBREVIATIONS 24
LIST OF FIGURES / TABLES

Appendix
ITEMS PAGE NO.
No.
APPENDIX – A (FIELD DATA RESULTS)
A-1 LOCATION PLAN 26
A-2 FIELD BORE HOLE LOGS 27-32
A-3 SUB SOIL PROFILE DIAGRAM 33
A-4 COREBOX PHOTOGRAPH 34
APPENDIX – B (LAB TEST RESULTS)
B-1 SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS SHEETS 36-38
B-2 RESULT OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL SAMPLES 39
B-3 GSD CURVES 40-41
APPENDIX – C (ANALYSIS & RECOMMENDATION)
SAMPLE CALCULATION FOR COMPUTATION OF ALLOWABLE 43-45
C-1
BEARING CAPACITY OF SUB-STRATA FOR RAFT FOUNDATION

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

CHAPTER 1 GENERAL
1.0 INTRODUCTION:

The work of conducting “Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from
km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh
and Tamil Nadu (Package-I).” was awarded to “CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.,
Jaipur” by M/S. “KCC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd” as per reference no. KCC/NHAI/Bnagalore to
Chennai pkg-III/2020-21/01 dated 03.07.2021.

Field work including drilling of boreholes and sample collection was carried out in the presence of
representative of Client. Laboratory tests were conducted on selected soil samples to determine the
design parameters, confirming to relevant IS specifications and the guidelines received from time
to time from representative of Client.

This report includes the details of Methodology of Investigation, collection of samples (soil/rock),
laboratory test results, analysis of results and recommendations for results for proposed structures
based on soil sample collected from the locations of boreholes.

2.0 SITE LOCATION & GENERAL GEOLOGICAL HISTORY:

The details of the site & test locations for the proposed project are shown in location plan attached
vide Appendix A-1. The site of proposed project is located at Chittoor-Thatchur Road, in the state
of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu & the site falls in seismic zone – III (Zone factor=0.16) of
India.

The district is underlain by rocks belonging to Archaean to recent age. The oldest rocks belong to
Migmatite Complex, represented by migmatised quartzo-felspathic gneiss and are exposed in the
north-eastern part of the district. Older metamorphic comprise amphibolites, hornblende-talc-mica-
schist, fuchsite quartzite, calc-silicate rock, marble and banded ferruginous quartzite. These older
metamorphic occur as enclaves within Peninsular 11 or Banded Gneissic Complex (PGC/BGC) and
occupy ~90% of the area. They are represented by biotite-hornblende gneiss, biotite granite and
migmatite rocks. The Dharwar Super group of rocks represented by quartz-mica schist,
amphibolites schist, quartzoflespathic mica schist (Champion gneiss, metabasalt, metadacite and
banded ferruginous quartzite, belonging to various schist belts and occur as long linear N-S
trending belts and overlie PGC non-conformably. Acid intrusives of Proterozoic Age comprises
granite and quartz veins. The granite plutons are exposed as patches and linear bodies in south-
western and north-western parts of the district respectively. Three sets of dolerite dykes trending
EW, N-S, and NW-SE occur. The rocks belonging to Cuddapah super Group occupy northeastern

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

part and are represented by shale (1%) and quartzite (4%) of Bairenkonda Formation and limestone
of Cumbum Formation. The Gondwana Super group rock occurs non conformably over the PGC in
south-eastern part of the district, represented by Satyavedu Formation. Laterite (1%) capping over
Gondwana formations is observed. Alluvial formation (1%) of recent age occurs along the major
streams.

Figure 1 : - Geology and mineral resources map of Chittoor Dist.

3.0 SCOPE OF WORK:

The stipulated scope of work involved carrying out the following operations:-
a) Mobilisation of necessary plant equipment, men and materials for the complete Geotechnical
investigation work as per specifications, drawings and instructions of the Engineer and to complete
the same within the stipulated time schedule and demobilisation after completion of field work.
Mobilization of Setup (like pontoon or similar arrangement with boat or sand bags) for Borehole
under water.
b) Shifting of Equipments from one structure location to another including Ereaction, installation of
rigs at site and dismantling of the same after completion of field work. Shifting of setup for each
borehole location and associated preparation for borehole under water

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

c) Making 150 mm nominal diameter boreholes at various locations in all types of soil including
laterite, highly weathered/weathered gneiss, granitic gneiss using suitable approved method of
boring including chiselling, cleaning, providing casing pipe as required or as directed;
performing Standard Penetration Test at every 1.5 m interval and at change of strata; collection of
water samples and disturbed soil samples, observation such as ground water, etc., collection of
undisturbed soil samples at every 3.0 m interval and at change of strata; transportation of all the
collected samples to the laboratory and back filling of boreholes on completion of the same,
complete as per specification and instructions of the Engineer, for depths below natural ground
level.
d) Core drilling in rock using hydraulic feed rotary drill and double tube core barrel with diamond bit
including collection of core samples, performing SPT at locations where core recovery is less than
20%, maintaining continuous record of core recovery/ RQD, keeping the cores in wooden core
boxes, transporting to laboratory, backfilling on completion of the same, all complete as per
specification and instructions of the EIC.
e) Conducting various laboratory tests on soil samples at an approved laboratory including
preparation of soil samples to determine the following properties of soil, all complete as per
specification.
On soil Samples
o Dry density test
o Bulk Density and Moisture Content.
o Sieve Analysis
o Hydrometer Analysis
o Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit
o Shrinkage Limit
o Specific gravity
o Swell Pressure
o Free Swell Index
o Relative Density (for sand)
o Unconfined Compressive strength
o Direct Shear Test
o One Dimensional consolidation test
o Chemical Analysis
o Box Shear Test (in case of sand)
o Triaxial Shear Tests

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

o i) Unconsolidated undrained
o ii) Consolidated Undrained Test with the Pressure Measurement of Pore water
o iii) Drained Consolidation Test.
f) Conducting laboratory tests on rock samples including preparation of the samples to determine the
following properties, all complete as per specification
On Rock Samples
o Moisture content, porosity & Density
o Specific gravity
o Hardness
o Soundness
o Slake Durability index
o Unconfined compression test (both at saturated and in-situ water content)
o Point load strength index
o Deformability test (both saturated and dry samples)
o Impact Value
g) Conducting chemical tests on water samples to determine the Sulphate, chloride, and pH value,
any other chemicals harmful to foundation material, all complete as per specification.
h) Submitting draft report in three copies including all field records and laboratory test results,
graphs, etc., all complete as per specifications.
i) Submitting final report in three compact disk (CD) copies and final report in 5 hard copies in after
the approval of the draft final report including all field records and laboratory test results, graphs,
etc., all complete as per specifications.

4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION:

4.1 FIELD INVESTIGATION IN SOIL STRATA

The investigation was planned to obtain the subsurface stratification in the proposed project site
and collect soil / rock core samples for laboratory testing to determine the engineering properties
such as shear strength, along with basic engineering classification of the subsurface stratum.

For geotechnical investigation work, required equipements along with rotary drilling rigs and
manpower were mobilized at site to carry out various field activities as per the scope of work.
These were shifted from one test location to another location during execution of field work and
were demobilized on satisfactory completion of field work.

For conducting the field investigations the following practices were followed at site:

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

The locations of 03 boreholes were marked at site at specified locations. These locations are
shown in Appendix A-1 attached subsequently.

The details of various borehole / test locations along with their coordinates are provided herein
below:
Table 1.1: Details of Borehole Locations
Depth of Depth of
MNBR Structure

Co-ordinates (m)
S. Chainage BH. Water Table Borehole
No. (km) No. below EGL below EGL
E N
(m) (m)
1. BH-155 10.00 10.50 321328.746 1469758.757
2. 34+300 BH-156 1.00 15.00 321368.868 1469757.390
3. BH-157 4.00 14.00 321373.885 1469780.240

In soil, boreholes of 150mm dia. were drilled as per the standard procedure laid in IS: 1892.
Wherever rocky strata was encountered before achieving the required depth below E.G.L.,
bore holes were further extended beyond refusal through soft/ hard rock using Hydraulic
drilling Rigs with Nx size double tube core barrel / diamond bits upto required depth below
the EGL and were terminated as per the instruction of Engr. in-charge.

Borehole was properly cleaned before taking any sample in soil.

Casing was used as per the prevailing soil conditions, to stabilize the borehole.

Standard Penetration Tests were conducted in bore holes at regular intervals or at

every change of strata as per Technical specification.

Undisturbed / disturbed samples were collected wherevery feasible as per the requirements
and at specified depths / levels. The same has been discussed in detail in soil characteristics
sheets attached with the report.

Water table was met in the boreholes (BH-155 to BH-157) at depths varying from 1.00 m to
10.00 m below EGL.

The detailed procedure adopted for conducting various field tests is given here in below:

(i) Standard Penetration Test:

The Standard Penetration Test was conducted in boreholes as per IS 2131. The test was carried out
using the standard split spoon sampler to measure the number of blows ‘N’.
Standard split spoon sampler was attached to an ‘A’ rod. It was driven from borehole bottom to a
distance of 45 cm using a standard hammer of 63.5 kg falling freely from a height of 75 cm to the
required depth. While driving, the number of blows required to penetrate every 15 cm are recorded.
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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

The total number of blows required for the last 30 cm is taken as ‘N’ value at that particular depth
of the borehole. Wherever the total penetration was less than 45cm, the no. of blows & the depth
penetrated is recorded in the respective borelog.
SPT ‘N’ values were correlated with relative density of non-cohesive stratum and with consistency of
cohesive stratum as given below:-
Table 1.2: Soil compactness as per SPT N values (cl. 9.7, table 9.3 & 9.4, page 330_text book
of V.N.S. Murthy)
Correlation for Clay / Plastic silt Correlation for Sand / Non-Plastic silt
Consistency SPT "N" Value Compactness SPT "N" Value
Very Soft 0-2 Very Loose 0-4
Soft 2-4 Loose 4 - 10
Medium 4-8 Medium 10 - 30
Stiff 8 - 15 Dense 30 - 50
Very Stiff 15 - 30 Very Dense > 50
Hard > 30

(a) For overburden: - The N value for cohesionless soil is corrected with the help of fig. 1 given in IS-
2131.
(b) Due to dilatancy :- Wherever N values observed below water table in fine sand, silty sand or silt was
greater than 15, then corrected N values were corrected as under:
N’ =15 + ½ (N-15)
(ii) Disturbed Sampling (Soil) in boreholes:
Disturbed soil samples were collected at a regular interval starting from ground level and at every
identifiable change of strata. Samples were immediately sealed, labeled and carefully transported to the
laboratory for testing.

(iii) Undisturbed Sampling (Soil) in boreholes:

Undisturbed samples were collected using MS tubes of suitable diameter and length with Area
ratio as per clause 4.1.1 (c) of IS: 1892 (latest) fitted to an adopter with ball and socket
arrangement. Before taking any sample, sampling tube was properly greased. Immediately after taking
on undisturbed sample in a tube, the adopter head was removed along with the disturbed material. The
visible ends of the sample were trimmed off any wet disturbed soil. The ends were coated alternately
with four layers of just molten wax. More molten wax was added to give a total thickness of min. 25
mm. The samples were carefully labeled and transported to the laboratory for testing. Undisturbed
samples wherever slipped during lifting were duly marked in the field logs as well as in the soil profile.

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

(iv) Collection of Ground Water Samples from bore holes:

As the water table was met at the location of boreholes carried out for proposed structures. All the
samples were properly sealed, labeled and carefully transported to the laboratory for chemical
analysis.

4.3 FIELD INVESTIGATION IN ROCK STRATA

Drilling was done by rotary core drilling method using double tube core barrels as per the
guidelines of IS: 6926-1196, because of its ability in retaining higher quality of rock samples. A
core barrel and Nx sized bits were used for drilling and recovering rock cores. Recovered rock
cores were numbered serially and preserved in good quality sturdy wooden core boxes as specified
in IS: 4078-1980. Rock core recovery and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) were computed for
every run length. Water was used as the drilling fluid. The ratio of total length of rock pieces
collected to length drilled, expressed as percentage and known as core recovery was recorded. To
obtain RQD (Rock Quality Designation), only those pieces of rock which were 10 cm and longer
were measured for the total length. The above length divided by length drilled, expressed as
percentage, was recorded as RQD. The Core Recovery and RQD value were assigned based on
Standard procedure given in IS: 11315 (Part 11).
Thus
(a) Core recovery in % = (Length of Core / Length of run) x 100
(b) RQD in % = (Length of core in pieces of 100mm and above / Length of run) x100

Rock classification in terms of weathering, state of fractures & strength was carried out in the
following manner as tabulated below:-

Table 1.3: Scale of Weathering Grades of Rock Mass [cl. 3.6.2.2 of IS: 4464]
Terms Description Grade
No visible sign of rock material weathering; perhaps slight discoloration on
Fresh I
major discontinuity surfaces.
Discoloration indicates weathering of rock material and discontinuity
Slightly
surfaces. All the rock material may be discolored by weathering and may be II
Weathered
somewhat weaker externally that in its fresh condition.
Less than half of the rock material is decomposed or disintegrated to a soil.
Moderately
Fresh or discolored rock is present either as a continuous framework or as III
Weathered
core stones.
More than half of the rock material is decomposed and/or disintegrated to a
Highly
soil. Fresh or discolored rock is present either as a discontinuous framework IV
Weathered
or as core stones.
Completely
V
Weathered All rock material is decomposed and/or disintegrated to soil. The original
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Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

Terms Description Grade

mass structure is still largely intact.

All rock material is converted to soil. The mass structure and material fabric
Residual
are destroyed. There is a large change in volume, but the soil has not been VI
Soil
significantly transported.
As per IS 4464 it should be understood that all grades of weathering may not be seen in a given
rock mass and that in some cases a particular grade may be present to a very small extent.
Distribution of the various weathering grades of rock material in the rock mass may be decided
related to the porosity of the rock material and the presence of open discontinuities of all types in
the rock mass.
Rock classification based on their physical condition and Unconfined Compressive Strength based on
Clause 8.2 and Table – 2 of IRC: 78-2014 as follows:-
Table 1.4: Classification of Rocks (IRC-78)

Unconfined Compressive
Rock Type Description
Strength (UCS) in MPa
Cannot be scratched with knife or sharp pick.
Extremely
Breaking of specimen could be done by sledge > 200
Strong
hammer only.
Cannot be scratched with knife or sharp pick.
Very Strong Breaking of specimens requires several hard blows of 100 to 200
geologists’ pick.
Can be scratched with knife or pick with difficulty.
Strong Hard blow of hammer required to detach hand 50 to 100
specimen.
Can be scratched with knife or pick, 6mm deep
Moderately gouges or grooves can be made by hand blow of
12.5 to 50
Strong geologists’ pick. Hand specimen can be detached by
moderate blow.
Can be grooved or gouged 1.5mm deep by firm
Moderately pressure on knife or pick point. Can be broken into
5 to 12.5
weak pieces or chips of about 2.5mm maximum size by
hard blows of the geologists’ pick.
Can be grooved or gouged easily with knife or pick
point. Can be break down in chips to pieces several
Weak 1.25 to 5
cm’s in size by moderate blows of pick point. Small
thin pieces can be broken by finger pressure.
Can be carved with knife. Can be broken easily with point
Very Weak of pick. Pieces 25mm or more in thickness can be broken < 1.25
by finger pressure. Can be scratched easily by finger nail.

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

Relation between RQD and In-situ Rock Quality

Rock quality is further measured by frequency of natural joints in rock mass. RQD is used to
define state of fractures or massiveness of rock. Following table defines the quality of rock mass as
per Clause 5, IS: 11315 (Part 11)-1985:-
Table 1.5: Core Quality
Rock Type RQD (%)
Excellent 90 - 100
Good 75 - 90
Fair 50 - 75
Poor 25 - 50
Very Poor < 25

5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS:

5.1 LABORATORY TESTS ON SOIL SAMPLES:

The following laboratory tests were conducted on selected soil samples:

Table 1.6: Description of Tests
Undisturbed Disturbed
Description of Test Reference (UDS) Soil (DS/SPT)
Samples Soil Samples
Grain Size Analysis / Hydrometer IS: 2720 (Part - 4) - √

Natural Moisture Content / Bulk / Dry

IS : 2720 (Part – 2) - -
density
Atterberg Limits
• Liquid Limit IS: 2720 (Part - 5) - -
• Plastic Limit IS: 2720 (Part - 5) - -
Specific Gravity IS : 2720 (Part – 3) - -
Direct Shear Test IS : 2720 (Part – 13) - -
IS : 2720 (Part – 26,
Chemical Analysis of Soil Samples - √
27)
Note:- The detailed procedure adopted for conducting various laboratory tests is described in the following
paragraphs:

5.1.1 Dry density and Bulk density

For determination of bulk density and dry density, a sample of known volume ‘V’ was extracted
from the undisturbed sampling tube and it’s bulk weight ‘W’ was noted down.Moisture content
‘Wn’ was determined by oven drying method.
The bulk density and dry density were determined by following equation-
Bulk density (γb) = W/V
Dry density (γd) = γb/ (1+Wn)

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

5.1.2 Natural water content

For this test, the soil sample of known quantity (Wm) was taken in a container.The container with
soil sample was placed into an oven for drying at 105-110°c temperature for 16-24 hours. After
drying, the dry sample was again weighted to determine the dry weight of sample (Wd).
The natural water content was computed by the following equation-
Wn = (Wm-Wd)*100/Wd

5.1.3 Grain Size Analysis (IS: 2720- Part-4)

Wet sieve analysis:
For determination of particle sizes finer than 75 micron, wet sieve analysis test was conducted. For
this test, oven dried sample of known quantity was taken in a container and soaked with dispersing
agent. The soaked soil sample was washed thoroughly over 75 micron IS sieve until the water
passing sieve was substantially clean.
Fraction retained on 75 micron IS sieve was carefully collected in a container without any loss in
material and placed into oven for drying.
Dry sieve analysis:
For this test, the oven dried soil sample after wet sieving was sieved through the set of IS sieves 20
mm, 10 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.0 m , 425 micron , 300 micron, 150 micron and 75micron. The
amounts of soil retained on each sieve were noted down. The % retained, cumulative % retained
and % passing were computed accordingly. Wherever the soil sample % passing 75 micron sieve
was significant, Hydrometer method was used to find the percentage of silt and clay fraction.

Grain size analysis for the fraction passing 75 micron IS Sieve (Hydrometer method)
Calibration of Hydrometer
Hydrometer was calibrated to determine a relationship (an equation) between the effective depth
HR and corresponding hydrometer reading Rh (obtained during test).
50 to 100 gm of soil sample passing through 75 micron IS Sieve was taken. It was mixed with 100
ml of sodium hexametaphesphate solution and the mixture was warmed for about 10 minutes. It
was then transferred to the cup of the mechanical mixer and the soil suspension was stirred for 15
minutes. The soil suspension was transferred into 1000 ml measuring cylinder and distilled water
was added to make 1000ml solution. This solution was mixed vigorously. The measuring cylinder
was then allowed to stand and the stopwatch was started. Hydrometer was immersed in the
solution and reading were taken after half, one, two and four minutes. The hydrometer was then
removed slowly and kept in distilled water at the same temperature as the soil suspension.
Readings were taken after the periods of 8, 15 and 30 minutes, and one, two and four hours.

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Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

Hydrometer was removed, rinsed and placed in the distilled water after each reading. After 4 hours
reading was taken once or twice within 24 hours. Finally a reading was taken at the end of 24
hours. The temperature of the suspension was observed and recorded.

Calculations

Diameter of the particles (D):

30µ HR M HR
D= × =
980(G − 1) t t

Where,
D = diameter of particle in suspension, in mm;
µ = co-efficient of viscosity of water at the temperature of the suspension at the time of
taking the hydrometer reading, in poise;
G = specific gravity of the soil fraction used in the sedimentations analysis;
HR = effective depth corresponding to Rn , in cm.
t = time elapsed between the beginning of sedimentation and taking of hydrometer
reading in minutes

30µ
M= = a constant factor for given values of µ and G at the temperature of the
980(G − 1)
suspension.

Percentage finer than diameter D:

The percentage by mass (w) of particles smaller than corresponding equivalent particle diameters
(D) was calculated from the formula:

100Gs
w= × Rh
Wb (Gs −1)

Where
w = percentage finer

Gs = specific gravity of soil particle

Wb = weight of soil
Rh = Hydrometer reading

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5.1.4 Specific Gravity (IS: 2720-Part-3 Sec-1)

The specific gravity of soil sample was determined by density bottle method. For this test 5-10g
oven dried and cooled soil sample was taken in 50ml capacity density bottle and its weight was
noted down as W2 .The soil was covered with distilled water and left for sufficient period for
suitable soaking. The entrapped air was removed by vacuum. The bottle with soil was filled fully
with water and its weight was noted down (W3). The mass of empty bottle and bottle filled with
distilled water were noted down as W1 and W4 respectively.
The Specific Gravity was determined by using following equation :
G=W2-W1/[(W2-W1)-(W3-W4)]

5.1.5 Liquid Limit (IS: 2720- Part-5)

By Cone Penetrometer Method
The 'Cone Penetrometer Apparatus' is a variant of the fall-cone and consists of a cone with a
smooth polished surface and angle of 30° ± 1/2°. The weight of the cone, together with its
associated shaft is 80g ± 0.5g. A support assembly with an automatic cone release mechanism and
cone height adjustment mechanism used to hold the cone vertically. The angle and weight of the
cone were calibrated at regular intervals, and the sharpness of the cone tip was checked daily.
Distilled water was added and thoroughly mixed with the soil sample to produce a homogeneous
paste. The paste was then placed in a cup with a diameter of at least 55mm and a depth of at least
40mm. The surface of the soil was smoothed off level and parallel to the base. The support
assembly was used to position the tip of the cone so that it was just touching the top surface of the
soil, and the automatic tripping mechanism was released. The cone was allowed to penetrate into
the soil for a period of 5 (± 1) s, then the cone was locked off to stop further movement and the
penetration was recorded. The cup was refilled and the test was repeated. The two recorded
penetrations need to be within 0.5mm of each other, otherwise a third test is performed. when the
three test vary by more than 1mm the test was repeated.
Further tests were conducted, at varying water contents, in order to produce a series of cone
penetrations (usually 4) in the range 15mm to 25mm. The resulting cone penetrations were plotted
verses the water content of the test specimens. The Liquid Limit (WL) was read off the graph,
being the water content at which the line of best fit through the test points crosses 20mm
penetration.

5.1.6 Plastic Limit (IS: 2720-Part-5)

For this test, soil sample was prepared in the same way as for liquid limit test. A ball of soil sample
weighed about 5 gm was formed. The ball was rolled between the fingers of one hand and the
glass plate with pressure sufficient to reduce the mass into a thread of about 3 mm in 5 to 10
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complete forward and back movements. When a diameter of 3 mm was reached, soil was again
remolded into a ball. The process of rolling and remolding was repeated until the thread started
just crumbing at a diameter of 3 mm. The crumbled thread was immediately transferred to an
airtight container for determination of its moisture content by oven drying method.
This water content has been termed as plastic limit. (WP)

5.1.7 Plasticity Index (IS: 2720-Part-5)

The plasticity index Ip was given by
Ip=WL-WP (in percent)

5.1.8 Direct Shear Test (IS:2720-Part-13):

For this test shear box test apparatus was used. The prepared specimen from remolded/undisturbed
sample was placed carefully in the box. The plain grid was kept on top of the specimen with its
directions at right angles to the direction of shear. The upper porous stone was placed on the grid
and loading pad on the stone. The box with specimen was gently placed in the container (water
jacket). The specimen was submerged with water. The container was mounted with the shear box
and the specimen inside, on the shearing machine. The upper part of the box was so adjusted that it
touchéd the proving ring. The jack was brought forward to bear up against the box container. The
proving ring dial gauge was set to read zero.
The steel ball was placed in the recess of the loading pad. The loading yoke was set in contact with
the steel ball on the loading pad. Vertical displacement dial gauge to read zero in contact with the
top of the yoke. The normal load was applied and any change in thickness of specimen was
recorded. Shear displacement dial gauge was also set to read zero. The locking screw was now
removed and two parts of the shear box were separated by advancing the spacing screws.
The specimen was sheared at constant rate of strain. The readings of the proving ring dial gauge
were noted down every 15 seconds for the first one-minute and then every 30 seconds thereafter.
The reading of change in the thickness dial gauge and shear displacement dial gauge were also
recorded at the same time interval. The test was continued until the specimen fails. The specimen
was assumed to fail when the proving ring dial gauge started receding or at shear displacement of
approximately 15% of the length took place.
The soil was removed from the box and test was repeated on the identical specimen under
increased normal load.

5.1.9 Triaxial Shear Test_UUT (IS: 2720-Part-11)

For this test, Triaxial Shear Test apparatus was used. The plain disc was placed on the pedestal of
the triaxial cell. The specimen was placed centrally on the disc. A correct size rubber membrane

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was fitted inside the stretcher with ends of membrane folded over those of the stretcher. Vacuum
was applied to stretch the membrane to the inside surface of the stretcher which was carefully
slipped around the specimen kept on the pedestal. The vacuum on the membrane was released. Its
bottom part was rolled down into the pedestal. plain disc was placed on the top of the specimen
and then loading pad was placed. The top part of membrane was rolled on to the loading pad. Then
the stretcher was removed and ends were sealed with ‘O’ rings. With the properly sealed
specimen placed centrally on the pedestal, the cell was assembled, keeping the loading piston
initially clear of the loading pad of the specimen, the assembly was placed in the loading frame.
For unconsolidated undrained test, the bottom drainage value (BDV) and top drainage value
(TDV) of cell, was closed and air release valve (ARV) was opened. The cell was filled with water
through the cell water value CWV. ARV was closed when water begins to escape through it. The
cell pressure was raised to the desired value and kept constant till the end of the test.
When the cell pressure was applied, the load piston rises upward, the loading machine was
operated at the anticipated rate to bring the load piston slightly above the loading pad of the
specimen and the load measuring dial gauge on proving ring was set to zero.
The piston was brought just in contact with loading pad by hand operation of the machine. The
axial compression dial gauge was mounted and set to read zero.
The axial loading was started at 1.25 mm/min rate of strain. Simultaneous readings on the load and
compression dial gauges were noted down. The test was continued until a recession of the axial
load is observed or 20% of strain.
After failure, the specimen was unloaded by reversing the loading machine, cell pressure was
reduced and cell water was drained out through BRV. The cell was dismantled and the specimen
was taken out, rubber membrane was removed and weight of the failed sample and its water
content was determined. The test was repeated on two more identical specimens with increasing
cell pressure.

5.2 LABORATORY TESTS ON ROCK CORE SAMPLES

Rock samples recovered from various depths of strata were tested for the following properties:
Table 1.7: Laboratory Tests for Rocks
Description of Test Specifications
Preparation of rock specimen IS : 9179
Specific gravity, porosity and water absorption IS : 13030
Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) IS : 9143
Point Load Index (PLI) IS : 8764

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• The results of various laboratory tests conducted on selected rock core samples are shown vide
Appendix – B.
The detailed procedure adopted for conducting various laboratory tests is described in the
following paragraphs:

5.2.1 Preparation of Rock Specimen (IS: 9179)

The core cut-off machine was used for cross cutting of rock core. Rock core was clamped in a vee-
block slotted to permit passage of wheel. Core was supported on both sides of the cut to avoid
spalling. Edge grinding was done using lathe. Sample was held directly in the chuck and rotated
and the grinding wheel was passed against it.

5.2.2 Water Absorption (WA) & Specific Gravity (SG) (IS: 13030)
Following procedure was adopted to determine water absorption and specific gravity of rock
samples.
Approximately 500g of rock sample was thoroughly washed to remove finer particles and dust
and then immersed in distilled water for a period of 24 ± ½ hours. Mass of the basket submerged
in the immersion bath was noted down. Sample was transferred under water to the basket in the
immersion bath. Saturated submerged mass of the basket plus sample was noted. Massof the clean
dry sample container and lid was noted. Sample was removed from the immersion bath and surface
dried. Mass of the saturated surface dry sample plus container was noted. Sample and the container
with lid was oven dried. Dried mass was noted.

5.2.3 Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) (IS: 9143)

For the determination of UCS of rock core, length to diameter ratio of the cylindrical specimen
was kept between 2.0 to 3.0. The specimen ends were made flat. The specimen was kept on the
lower disc of compression testing machine. The axis of the specimen was carefully aligned with
the center of the thrust of the spherical seat. Load on the specimen was applied continuously at a
constant stress rate such that failure takes place in about 5 to 15 minutes of loading. The maximum
load on the specimen was recorded. The unconfined compressive strength of the specimen was
calculated by dividing the max load carried by the specimen during the test by the average original
cross-sectional area.

5.2.4 Point Load Index (PLI) (IS:8764)

The diameter ‘D’ of the specimen measured in ‘mm’. The core specimen was tested after soaking
them. There are two methods to determine Point Load Index on rock cores.

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a) Diametral Test
Core specimens with length/diameter ratio greater than 1.0 were used for diametral testing. The
specimen was inserted in the test machine and the platens were closed to make contact along a
core diameter, ensured the distance between contact point and the nearest free end was at least 0.50
times the core diameter.
Load was applied to the specimen such that failure occurs within 10-60s and the failure load ‘P’ is
recorded.
b) Axial Test
Core specimens with length/diameter ratio of 0.3 to 1.0 are suitable for axial testing. The specimen
was inserted in the test machine and the platens closed to make contact along a line perpendicular
to the core end faces.
Load was then applied to the specimen such that failure occurs within 10-60s and the failure load
‘P’ was recorded.

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CHAPTER 2 ANALYSIS OF TEST RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

6.0 STRATIFICATION

From the study of the borehole logs of 03 BHs it is revealed that the sub strata :
At the location of BH-155:-
a) From existing ground level to 0.50 m depth consists of fine grained strata i.e., Brown, Silty Clay.
b) From 0.50m to 8.00 m depth consists of coarse grained strata i.eCompletely Weathered, Very
poor, Weak, Coarse to Medium grained, Brownish, Granitic Gneiss, Highly Fractured..
c) From depth 8.00 m to the termination depth consists of rocky strata i.e., Highly Weathered, Very
poor, Weak, Coarse to Medium grained, Grey, Granitic Gneiss.
At the location of BH-156:-
a) From existing ground level to 5.02 m depth consists of coarse grained strata i.e., Very dense
,Brownish silty sand with gravel.
b) From depth 5.02 m to the termination depth consists of rocky strata i.e., Highly to Moderately
weathered,medium to coarse grained,inclined fracture,Granite.
At the location of BH-157:-
a) From existing ground level to 4.00 m depth consists of coarse grained strata i.e., Loose to Medium
Dense, Reddish, Silty Sand.
b) From depth 4.00 m to 7.00 m depth consists of rocky strata i.e., Completely Weathered
Granite/Highly Disintegrated rock recovered as residual Soil..
c) From depth 7.00m to the termination depth consists of rocky strata i.e., Completely Weathered,
Very Poor, Coarse to Medium grained, Moderaterly Strong, Greyish, Granite Rock.

6.1 GROUND WATER TABLE DEPTH

The Ground Water Table at the locations of boreholes (BH-155 to BH-156) though was
encountered at depths varying from 1.00m to 10.00m below the existing ground level, it may rise
up during heavy rains / rainy season. However, for the analysis of various foundations, the water
table has been considered at existing ground level.

6.2 RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

Results of chemical analysis of soil samples (as per Appendix – B2) indicates that the soil sample
falls under Class I for sulphates and chlorides concentration (As per IS 456-2000 and CIRIA Sp.
Publication No. 31). The results are summarized here in below :-

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Summary of chemical analysis of soil samples

Remarks (Required limits as per IS
Chemical Property Findings (Min. to Max.)
456-200)
pH 7.23to 8.23 > 6.0
Sulphate as SO4 (%) 0.0024 to 0.0028 (%) < 0.2% (Class I)
No limit specified in IS 456. However, a limit
Chlorides as Cl- (%) 0.0029 to 0.0033 (%) of 0.10% specified for class I in CIRIA Sp.
Publication No. 31)
Note :- As the PH, sulphate content & chloride content are within permissible limit hence no
special precautions are required.

6.3 COMPUTATION OF LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL

Liquefaction is the sudden loss of shear strength of the sub soil strata due to earthquake-induced
vibration under saturated conditions.

Assessment of liquefaction potential of foundation strata is made by simplified approach proposed

as per IS: 1893 (Part-1)-2016, from the SPT data and peak ground acceleration likely to occur at
the site. In this method, cyclic shear stress likely to be induced in the foundation strata by Design
Basis Earthquake (DBE) is first evaluated.

Next threshold cyclic shear stress, which is good enough to cause liquefaction, is determined from
SPT data and the empirical relations. Finally, comparison of these two stresses is used in the
estimation of liquefaction susceptibility of the foundation strata.

Unsaturated soils are not subjected to liquefaction because vibratory forces from earthquakes do
not cause any increase in pore water pressure in such soils.

The site of proposed project is located at Chittoor-Thatchur Road, in the state of Andhra Pradesh
and Tamil Nadu & the site falls in seismic zone – III (Zone factor=0.16) of India. Further as per
the provisions of IS: 1893 in soil deposits consisting of submerged loose sands & soils falling
under classification of SP with standard penetration N value less than 15, the shaking caused by
earthquake ground motion may cause liquefaction or excessive total and differential settlements.

For the cohesionless strata encountered in the boreholes at site, the IS: 1893 (Part-1)-2016 should
be referred for the analysis of Liquefaction Potential and for the cohesive strata, RDSO BS-118
should be referred.

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As per the RDSO guidelines:

a. Cohesive soils should be considered liquefiable if wl≤ 37 %, Ip≤ 12 % and wn>0.80 wl, where Ip is
the Plasticity Index.
b. Liquefaction susceptibility of soils should be considered marginal if wl ≤ 47 %, Ip≤ 20 % and wn≥
0.85 wl, where Ip is the Plasticity Index.
c. Cohesive soils should be considered non-liquefiable if wl>47 % or Ip>20 % or wn<0.85 wl, where
Ip is the Plasticity Index.

As the strata encountered at the location of the proposed project is having SPT ‘N’ value is is high
from 3.00 m and after rocky strata exists uo to the termination depth having very dense, it is safe
to say that the strata at the location is not susceptible to liquefaction.

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CHAPTER 3 TYPE AND DEPTH OF FOUNDATION WITH ANALYSIS

7.0 TYPE & DEPTH OF FOUNDATION:

Based on the nature & strength characteristics of the substrata and requirement of the project, the
following type of foundation have been analyzed as given below:

Depth of
Size of the
Chainage Type of foundation
Structure BH No. foundation
(km) foundation below E.G.L.
(m)
(m)
BH-155 to Raft 6.0 x 14.5 &
MNBR 34+300 2.5, 3.0 & 3.5
BH-157 Foundation 6.0 x 6.0
The details of foundation analysis are given in the subsequent paragraph.

7.1 ANALYSIS OF FOUNDATION

(A) RAFT FOUNDATION

7.1.1 From Shear Failure Criteria

Net Safe Bearing capacity from Shear Failure consideration has been computed in accordance with
IS: 6403-1981, which is based on, modified Terzaghi’s classical approach. A factor of safety of 2.5
has been taken to estimate the net safe bearing capacity from ultimate net bearing capacity.

For soils, containing both coarse grained (gravels & sands) and fine grained (clays), c and Φ are
used to determine the soil strength. In case of predominantly fine grained soils, c and Φ are
determined by the Triaxial Compression test as per IS: 2720 pt XI. For predominantly coarse
grained soils, c and Φ are determined by Direct Shear test as per IS: 2720 pt XIII. These c and Φ
values were used for determining the SBC of soil as per shear failure criteria.
The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of general shear failure is given by following expression,
qd = c Nc sc dc ic + q (Nq-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ Nγ sγ dγ iγ W'
The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of local shear failure is given by following expression,
q'd = (2/3) c N'c sc dc ic + q (N'q-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ N'γ sγ dγ iγ W'
Where,
dc = 1+ 0.2 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ)
dq = dγ = 1 for φ <10o
dq = dγ = 1 + 0.1 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ) for φ >10o
Nφ = tan2(π/4 +φ/2)
φ' for local shear failure = tan-1 ( 0.67 tanφ )
The following soil parameters were selected for calculations:

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Cohesion ‘C’
Foundation

below EGL
foundation

friction(ф)
(kg/sq.cm)
Structure

Chainage

Remarks
Depth of

Angle of
internal
Type of
BH No.

(Deg.)
(km)

(m)
BH-155 0.00 32 -

Foundation
MNBR

Raft
34+300 BH-156 2.5, 3.0 & 3.5 0.00 32 -
BH-157 0.00 32 -

* The weighted average of shear strength parameters for various strata upto depth equal to
0.5*B*Tan (45+Ø/2) (where B = Width of the Foundation, Ø = Angle of internal friction ) is used
in the analysis.

7.1.2 From Settlement Failure Criteria

Allowable Bearing Pressure from Settlement Failure consideration has been computed in
accordance with IS: 8009 (Part-I). The magnitude of settlement, when foundation loads are
applied, depends upon the compressibility of the underlying strata and rigidity of the substructure.

The total permissible settlement in cohesion-less soil is estimated using SPT value as per IS: 8009
(Part-I). While using this approach, the N value was corrected, wherever applicable, below the
footing base to at least 1.5B (where 'B' is the width of foundation) for the effects of energy ratio,
dilation for submerged silty fine sands / fine sands as well as that due to the overburden pressure.

Further the immediate settlements in cohesive soil are estimated using the elastic theory
considering the effect of a rigid stratum underlying the foundation soils (Reference: “Foundation
Analysis and Design” by J.E.Bowles) and for consolidation settlement in cohesive soil the
following equation has been used:

St = ∆P Mv H
Where,
Mv = Coefficient of volume compressibility, cm2/kg
∆P = Pressure increment, kg/cm2
H = Thickness of layers
For the analysis of raft foundation the total permissible settlement have been considered as 50mm.
Zone of influence below foundation has been considered up to 1.5 times the width of the
foundation.

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Lower of the two values obtained from settlement and shear criteria is used in arriving at allowable
bearing capacity of the soil.

Sample calculation for computation of allowable bearing capacity of sub-strata for raft foundation
resting on soil are attached vide Appendix C-1.

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CHAPTER 4 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS

8.0 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS

• Based on the nature & strength characteristics of the substrata and requirement of the project, raft
foundation have been analysed at the location of boreholes.
• Based on the method of analysis & design parameters given under Para 7.1, the recommended net
allowable bearing capacity values have been tabulated below vide table no. 4.1 & 4.2 :-
Table 4.1: Recommended Net Allowable Bearing Capacity for Raft Foundation

from settlement failure (t/m2)

Allowable Bearing Pressure
Depth of Foundation below

Net Safe Bearing Capacity

from Shear Failure (t/m2)

Recommended Allowable
Chainage (km)/Structure

Bearing Capacity (t/m2)

Foundation size (m)
Type of Foundation

EGL (m)
BH` No.

2.50 38.8 66.0 38.8

BH-155 6.0 x 14.5 3.00 42.6 72.7 42.6
3.50 46.6 80.8 45.0
34+300 2.50 39.9 101.4 39.9
Raft
MNBR BH-156 6.0 x 6.0 3.00 44.2 105.0 44.2
Foundation
3.50 48.6 108.2 45.0
2.50 44.2 96.5 44.2
BH-167 6.0 x 14.5 3.00 48.7 98.4 45.0
3.50 53.3 100.4 45.0
Note:
1. As the depth of borehole is 10.50m to 15.00m, for calculating the SBC of raft foundation the
same strata as encountered at the termination depth of borehole has been considered up to the
depth of influence zone of that borehole.
2. Based on the strata encountered at the location of BH-156&BH-157borehole, for the analysis
of SBC, for shear and settlement critieria, the strata is considered as very dense sand with
shear parmeters of C=0, & Phi=32.
All The above recommendations are based on the field and laboratory tests conducted on
selected soil samples and our experience in this regard. If the actual substrata conditions
during excavation for the foundation differ from the observations reported here, the design
experts/consultants should be referred for suggestion, further investigations.

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Abbreviations
BH Borehole
TP Trial Pit
ERT Electrical Resistivity Test
CBR California Bearing Ratio
EGL Existing Ground Level
GWT Ground Water Table
IS Indian Standards
SPT Standard Penetration Test
DS Disturbed Soil
R.L. Reduced Level
m Metre
sp. gr. Specific Gravity
% Percentage
mg /l Milligram per litre
mg /kg Milligram per kilogram

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APPENDIX – A (FIELD DATA RESULTS)

Appendix No. ITEMS

A-1 LOCATION PLAN

A-2 FIELD BORE HOLE LOGS

A-3 SUB SOIL PROFILE DIAGRAM

A-4 COREBOX PHOTOGRAPH

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 CHITTOOR THATCHUR

BH-136 BH-138 BH-140 BH-142 BH-144 BH-146 BH-148 BH-150

30+650

30+640

30+630

30+620

30+610
31+840
31+850
31+860
31+870
32+570
32+580
32+590
32+600
33+400
33+410
33+420
33+430
33+440
33+450
33+460
33+470
33+500
33+510
33+520
33+530
33+540
33+550
33+560
33+570
33+580
33+590
33+600
33+610
33+620
33+630
33+640
33+650
33+660
33+670
33+680
33+690
33+700
33+710
33+720
33+730
33+740
33+750
33+760
33+770
33+780
33+790
33+800
33+810
33+820
33+830

BH-133 BH-134 BH-135

BH-137 BH-139 BH-141 BH-143 BH-145 BH-147 BH-149

LVUP LVUP LVUP MNBR VIADUCT (MAJOR)

30+627 31+852 32+582 33+433 33+360

BH-151 BH-153 BH-155 BH-157 BH-158 BH-160 BH-162

35+220
35+230
35+240
35+250
36+360
36+370
36+380
36+390
36+400
36+410

34+060
34+070
34+080
34+090
34+100
34+110
34+120
34+130
34+140
34+150
34+160
34+170
34+180
34+190
34+200
34+210
34+260
34+270
34+280
34+290
34+300
34+310
34+320
34+330
34+910
34+920
34+930
34+940
34+950
34+960
34+970
34+980
34+990
35+000

34+340
36+520
36+530
36+540
36+550
36+560

BH-161 BH-164
BH-152 BH-154 BH-156 BH-159 BH-163

VUP MNBR MNBR LVUP MNBR LVUP

34+130 34+300 34+948 35+233 36+380 36+536

26 of 45
BH-166 BH-171 BH-173
42+250

42+240

40+230
40+240
40+250
40+260
40+270
42+230

42+220

41+220
41+230
41+240
41+250
42+210
43+050
43+060
43+070
43+080
43+090

42+120
42+130
42+140
42+150
42+160
42+170
42+180
42+190
42+200

37+990
38+000
38+010
38+020
38+030
39+210
39+220
39+230
39+240
39+250

38+090
38+100
38+110
38+120
38+130
38+140
BH-165 BH-168 BH-169 BH-170 BH-175
BH-167 BH-172 BH-174

LVUP MNBR LVUP LVUP LVUP VUP LVUP

38+008 38+109 39+225 40+244 41+233 42+178 43+068

Client: Concessionaire: EPC Contractor / Design Consultant: Independent Engineer: Project: Approved RS Title: Date:
KCC Buildcon Pvt. Ltd. Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur BORE HOLE DETAILS AT STRUCTURE LOCATION 23-04-2021
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA (Greenfield Alignment) from Km 0.000 to Km 43.800 Checked VV
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways Block-C, Unit No.501,601 & 701,
(Govt. of India) Nirvana Courtyard, Nirvana Country, on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojana Drg. No.:
G-5 & 6, Sector10, Dwarka, New Delhi -110075
Designed VV Scale: Sheet: Rev.
Sector-50, Gurgaon- 122018 in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu AS SHOWN

REV DATE DESCRIPTION (Package-I) Prepared RK Size: A2

KCCB/C-T/PKG-I/STR/BH_001 03 OF 04 R 0
 FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
Project Name :Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP. Client :KCC

BH Location/Chainage :34+300 km Northing :1469758.757 m Easting :321328.746 m

Reduced Level (m):(+)- BH. No. :BH-155 BH Depth (m):10.5
Proposed/Existing Structure :Minor Bridge Water Table (m):10.00 Inclination : Vertical
Boring type :Hydraulic Dia. of Boring :150/76 mm Depth of Casing (m) :
Date of Start :10-02-2022 Date of Completion :14-02-2022

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &

SPT Core (Depth

Depth Sample Strata Graphic RQD Special
N Recovery v/s

IS
(m) Type Description Log (%) Observations
Value (%) SPT N Value)

0.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

DS
Brown, Silty Clay CI
0.5 0.5 SPT-1 >100
0.63 RC-1

1.0

1.5

2.0 2 SPT-2 >100 0 0

2.04 RC-2

2.5

3.0

3.5 3.5 RC-3 7.33 0

4.0 Completely Weathered,

Very poor, Weak,
Coarse to Medium
GRADE-V
grained, Brownish,
4.5 Granitic Gneiss, Highly
Fractured.

5.0 5 RC-4 6.66 0

5.5

6.0

6.5 6.5 RC-5 10 0

7.0

7.5

8.0 8 RC-6 8.66 0

8.5

Highly Weathered, Very

9.0 poor, Weak, Coarse to
GRADE-IV
Medium grained, Grey,
Granitic Gneiss
9.5 9.5 RC-7 12 0

10.0
UDS*-UDS not recovered
27 of 45
 FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
Project Name :Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP. Client :KCC

BH Location/Chainage :34+300 km Northing :1469758.757 m Easting :321328.746 m

Reduced Level (m):(+)- BH. No. :BH-155 BH Depth (m):10.5
Proposed/Existing Structure :Minor Bridge Water Table (m):10.00 Inclination : Vertical
Boring type :Hydraulic Dia. of Boring :150/76 mm Depth of Casing (m) :
Date of Start :10-02-2022 Date of Completion :14-02-2022

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &

SPT Core (Depth

Depth Sample Strata Graphic RQD Special
N Recovery v/s

IS
(m) Type Description Log (%) Observations
Value (%) SPT N Value)

10.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

10.00m
GRADE-IV
10.5 10.5 12 0

UDS*-UDS not recovered

28 of 45
 FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
Project Name :Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP. Client :KCC

BH Location/Chainage :34+300 km Northing :1469757.39 m Easting :321368.868 m

Reduced Level (m):(+)- BH. No. :BH-156 BH Depth (m):15
Proposed/Existing Structure :Minor Bridge Water Table (m):1.00 Inclination : Vertical
Boring type :Hydraulic Dia. of Boring :150/76 mm Depth of Casing (m) :5.00
Date of Start :17-07-2022 Date of Completion :18-07-2022

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &

SPT Core (Depth

Depth Sample Strata Graphic RQD Special
N Recovery v/s

IS
(m) Type Description Log (%) Observations
Value (%) SPT N Value)

0.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

DS

0.5

1.0 1.00m

1.5 1.5 SPT-1 >100

2.0

2.5 Very dense ,Brownish

SP-SM
silty sand with gravel

3.0 3 SPT-2 >100

3.5

4.0

4.5 4.5 SPT-3 >100

5.0 5 SPT-4 >100

5.02 RC-1

5.5

6.0

6.5 6.5 RC-2 23 0

7.0

Highly to Moderately
7.5 weathered,medium to
GRADE-IV
coarse grained,inclined
fracture,Granite
8.0 8 RC-3 21 8

8.5

9.0

9.5 9.5 RC-4 27 0

10.0
UDS*-UDS not recovered
29 of 45
 FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
Project Name :Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP. Client :KCC

BH Location/Chainage :34+300 km Northing :1469757.39 m Easting :321368.868 m

Reduced Level (m):(+)- BH. No. :BH-156 BH Depth (m):15
Proposed/Existing Structure :Minor Bridge Water Table (m):1.00 Inclination : Vertical
Boring type :Hydraulic Dia. of Boring :150/76 mm Depth of Casing (m) :5.00
Date of Start :17-07-2022 Date of Completion :18-07-2022

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &

SPT Core (Depth

Depth Sample Strata Graphic RQD Special
N Recovery v/s

IS
(m) Type Description Log (%) Observations
Value (%) SPT N Value)

10.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

10.5

11.0 11 RC-5 25 0

11.5

Highly to Moderately
12.0 weathered,medium to
GRADE-IV
coarse grained,inclined
fracture,Granite
12.5 12.5 RC-6 47 30

13.0

13.5

14.0 14 RC-7 42 28

Moderately
14.5 weathered,medium to
GRADE-II
coarse grained,inclined
fracture,Granite
15.0 15 72 43

UDS*-UDS not recovered

30 of 45
 FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
Project Name :Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP. Client :KCC

BH Location/Chainage :34+300 km Northing :1469780.24 m Easting :321373.885 m

Reduced Level (m):(+)- BH. No. :BH-157 BH Depth (m):14
Proposed/Existing Structure :Minor Bridge Water Table (m):4.00 Inclination : Vertical
Boring type :Hydraulic Dia. of Boring :150/76 mm Depth of Casing (m) :4.00
Date of Start :09-02-2022 Date of Completion :10-02-2022

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &

SPT Core (Depth

Depth Sample Strata Graphic RQD Special
N Recovery v/s

IS
(m) Type Description Log (%) Observations
Value (%) SPT N Value)

0.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

DS

0.5

1.0

1.5 1.5 SPT-1 5

Loose to Medium
2.0 Dense, Reddish, Silty SM
Sand

2.5

3.0 3 SPT-2 12

3.5

4.0 4 SPT-3 >100 4.00m

4.25 RC-1
4.5

5.0

Completely Weathered
Granite/Highly
5.5 5.5 SPT-4 >100 Disintegrated rock GRADE-V 0 0
5.55 RC-2 recovered as residual
Soil.
6.0

6.5

7.0 7 SPT-5 >100 0 0

7.02 RC-3

7.5

8.0

Completely Weathered,
Very Poor, Coarse to
8.5 8.5 RC-4 Medium grained, GRADE-V 3 0
Moderaterly Strong,
Greyish, Granite Rock
9.0

9.5

10.0 10 RC-5 7 0
UDS*-UDS not recovered
31 of 45
 FIELD BOREHOLE LOG
Project Name :Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP. Client :KCC

BH Location/Chainage :34+300 km Northing :1469780.24 m Easting :321373.885 m

Reduced Level (m):(+)- BH. No. :BH-157 BH Depth (m):14
Proposed/Existing Structure :Minor Bridge Water Table (m):4.00 Inclination : Vertical
Boring type :Hydraulic Dia. of Boring :150/76 mm Depth of Casing (m) :4.00
Date of Start :09-02-2022 Date of Completion :10-02-2022

Classification
Depth ( m )
In-SituTest
Sample &

SPT Core (Depth

Depth Sample Strata Graphic RQD Special
N Recovery v/s

IS
(m) Type Description Log (%) Observations
Value (%) SPT N Value)

10.0 0 25 50 75100 0 25 50 75100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

10.5

11.0

11.5 11.5 RC-6 10 0

Completely Weathered,
Very Poor, Coarse to
12.0 Medium grained, GRADE-V
Moderaterly Strong,
Greyish, Granite Rock
12.5

13.0 13 RC-7 9 0

13.5

14.0 14 7 0

UDS*-UDS not recovered

32 of 45
 SUB SOIL PROFILE DIAGRAM - CH:-34+300_Minor Bridge CI GRADE-V GRADE-IV

SP-SM GRADE-II SM

CLIENT KCC PROJECT NAME Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road from km 0.000 to km 43.800 in the state of AP.
PROJECT NUMBER SR-538_21-22 PROJECT LOCATION AP and Tamil Nadu

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

BH-155 BH-156 BH-157

Field Field Field
0 N-Value N-Value N-Value 0
>100

>100 5

-2 >100 -2

>100 12

-4 >100 -4
>100

>100

>100

-6 -6

33 of 45
>100

Elevation (m)
-8 -8

-10 -10

-12 -12

-14 -14

-16 -16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Distance Along Baseline (m)

STRATIGRAPHY & GW - A3 SIZE SR-538 REPORT GINT.GPJ GINT STD INDIA.GDT 16-9-22
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on SR-538_21-22
Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu
(Package-I)
COREBOX PHOTOGRAPHS

BH-155

BH-157

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

34 of 45
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

APPENDIX – B (LAB TEST RESULTS)

Appendix No. ITEMS

B-1 SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS SHEETS

B-2 RESULT OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL SAMPLES

B-3 GSD CURVES

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

35 of 45
 SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS

Termination
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) Date of Boring Chainage/Location B.H. No. Depth of Water Table Cordinates (E,N) R.L. Ref. Code
Depth
Project from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala
Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I) 34+300
10-02-2022 to 14-02-2022 BH-155 10.00 m 10.50 m 321328.746 m 1469758.757 m - SR-538_21-22
MNBR

3
3
Grain Size Distribution % wt retained Atterberg Limits % Shear Strength Consolidation Parameters
Sand Gravel

2
-2

-4

2)

2
Soil & Rock Description

(N)
(%)
2

(cm/sec)

(kg/cm )

Silt

IS Symbol

Value (Nc)
Clay
Limit

Index

Fine
Fine
Content (%)
Permeability

Sample Type
(kg/cm
Cv x 10

Angle of

(kg/cm )
Pressure
Mv x 10
(cm /Kg)

Corrected SPT
Plasticity
(cm /Sec)

Coarse
Coarse
Index (Cc)

Shrinkage
Specific Gravity

IS Classification
Medium
Free Swell Index

Cohesion C

Natural Moisture
Swelling Pressure

Type of Test
Friction (φ°)

Plastic Limit

Liquid Limit
Compression

Dry Density (g/cm )

Bulk Density (g/cm )

Void Ratio (e0)

Depth from G.L. (m)

Observed SPT Value
DS 0.00 - - Brown, Silty Clay - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

SPT-1 0.50 >100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

RC-1 0.63 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 0 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

SPT-2 2.00 >100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Completely Weathered, Very poor,
Weak, Coarse to Medium grained,
RC-2 2.04 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 7.33 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -
Brownish, Granitic Gneiss, Highly
Fractured.
RC-3 3.50 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 6.66 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

RC-4 5.00 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 10 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

RC-5 6.50 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 8.66 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

36 of 45
RC-6 8.00 - - Highly Weathered, Very poor, GRADE-IV - C. R. = 12 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.69 W.A. = 0.24 % Density = 2.70 (g/cc) Porosity = 0.65 % - - - -
Weak, Coarse to Medium grained,
RC-7 9.50 - - Grey, Granitic Gneiss GRADE-IV - C. R. = 12 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -
 SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS

Termination
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from Date of Boring Chainage/Location B.H. No. Depth of Water Table Cordinates (E,N) R.L. Ref. Code
Depth
Project km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna,
in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I) 34+300
17-07-2022 to 18-07-2022 BH-156 1.00 m 15.00 m 321368.868 m 1469757.390 m - SR-538_21-22
MNBR

3
3
Grain Size Distribution % wt retained Atterberg Limits % Shear Strength Consolidation Parameters
Sand Gravel

2
-2

-4

2)

2
Soil & Rock Description

(N)
(%)
2

(cm/sec)

(kg/cm )

Silt

IS Symbol

Value (Nc)
Clay
Limit

Index

Fine
Fine
Content (%)
Permeability

Sample Type
(kg/cm
Cv x 10

Angle of

(kg/cm )
Pressure
Mv x 10
(cm /Kg)

Corrected SPT
Plasticity
(cm /Sec)

Coarse
Coarse
Index (Cc)

Shrinkage
Specific Gravity

IS Classification
Medium
Free Swell Index

Cohesion C

Natural Moisture
Swelling Pressure

Type of Test
Friction (φ°)

Plastic Limit

Liquid Limit
Compression

Dry Density (g/cm )

Bulk Density (g/cm )

Void Ratio (e0)

Depth from G.L. (m)

Observed SPT Value
DS 0.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

100
SPT-1 1.50 - SP-SM - 0 11 52 21 12 3 1 0 Nil NP - 1.88 14.50 1.64 2.62 DST+ 0.00 32 - - - - - - - -
(17cm)

100 Very dense ,Brownish silty sand

SPT-2 3.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(18cm) with gravel

100
SPT-3 4.50 - SP-SM - 0 12 51 20 11 4 2 - Nil NP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(20cm)

SPT-4 5.00 >100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

RC-1 5.02 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 23 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.70 W.A. = 0.32 % Density = 2.71 (g/cc) Porosity = 0.86 % - - - -

RC-2 6.50 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 21 % R.Q.D. = 8 % Sp.Gr. = 2.70 W.A. = 0.27 % Density = 2.71 (g/cc) Porosity = 0.73 % - - - U.C.S. = 4128.39 (t/m²)

RC-3 8.00 - - Highly to Moderately GRADE-IV - C. R. = 27 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

37 of 45
weathered,medium to coarse
grained,inclined fracture,Granite GRADE-IV - C. R. = 25 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -
RC-4 9.50 - -

RC-5 11.00 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 47 % R.Q.D. = 30 % Sp.Gr. = 2.72 W.A. = 0.19 % Density = 2.73 (g/cc) Porosity = 0.52 % - - - U.C.S. = 5639.86 (t/m²)

RC-6 12.50 - - GRADE-IV - C. R. = 42 % R.Q.D. = 28 % - - - - - - - -

Moderately weathered,medium to
RC-7 14.00 - - coarse grained,inclined GRADE-II - C. R. = 72 % R.Q.D. = 43 % - - - - - - - -
fracture,Granite
 SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERISTICS

Termination
Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) Date of Boring Chainage/Location B.H. No. Depth of Water Table Cordinates (E,N) R.L. Ref. Code
Depth
Project from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala
Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I) 34+300
09-02-2022 to 10-02-2022 BH-157 4.00 m 14.00 m 321373.885 m 1469780.240 m - SR-538_21-22
MNBR

3
3
Grain Size Distribution % wt retained Atterberg Limits % Shear Strength Consolidation Parameters
Sand Gravel

2
-2

-4

2)

2
Soil & Rock Description

(N)
(%)
2

(cm/sec)

(kg/cm )

Silt

IS Symbol

Value (Nc)
Clay
Limit

Index

Fine
Fine
Content (%)
Permeability

Sample Type
(kg/cm
Cv x 10

Angle of

(kg/cm )
Pressure
Mv x 10
(cm /Kg)

Corrected SPT
Plasticity
(cm /Sec)

Coarse
Coarse
Index (Cc)

Shrinkage
Specific Gravity

IS Classification
Medium
Free Swell Index

Cohesion C

Natural Moisture
Swelling Pressure

Type of Test
Friction (φ°)

Plastic Limit

Liquid Limit
Compression

Dry Density (g/cm )

Bulk Density (g/cm )

Void Ratio (e0)

Depth from G.L. (m)

Observed SPT Value
DS 0.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Loose to Medium Dense, Reddish,

SPT-1 1.50 5 7 SM - 0 15 73 9 2 1 0 - NIL NP - 1.65 13.00 1.46 2.62 DST+ 0.00 28 - - - - - - - -
Silty Sand

SPT-2 3.00 12 15 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

SPT-3 4.00 >100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

RC-1 4.25 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 0 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

Completely Weathered
SPT-4 5.50 >100 - Granite/Highly Disintegrated rock - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
recovered as residual Soil.

RC-2 5.55 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 0 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

SPT-5 7.00 >100 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

38 of 45
RC-3 7.02 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 3 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.68 W.A. = 0.20 % Density = 2.69 (g/cc) Porosity = 0.54 % - - - -

RC-4 8.50 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 7 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

Completely Weathered, Very Poor,
Coarse to Medium grained,
RC-5 10.00 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 10 % R.Q.D. = 0 % Sp.Gr. = 2.70 W.A. = 0.15 % Density = 2.71 (g/cc) Porosity = 0.41 % - - - P.L.I. = 225.14 (t/m²)
Moderaterly Strong, Greyish,
Granite Rock
RC-6 11.50 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 9 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

RC-7 13.00 - - GRADE-V - C. R. = 7 % R.Q.D. = 0 % - - - - - - - -

Construction of Six Lane Chittoor--Thatchur
Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to SR-538_21-22
km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I)
I) Appendix – B2

RESULT OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOIL SAMPLES

Chainage/ Chlorides (Cl-) Sulphate (SO42-)
Sr. Depth
Structure BH No. pH
No (m) (mg/kg) (%) (mg/kg) (%)
(km)
1. BH--155 0.50 7.68 29.38 0.00
0.0029 24.36 0.0024
34+300
2. BH--156 3.00 8.23 33.38 0.00
0.0033 28.30 0.0028
(MNBR)
3. BH--157 1.50 7.23 32.65 0.00
0.0032 26.25 0.0026

CEG Test House & Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

39 of 45
 Ref. Code:-SR-538_21-22

GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION CURVES

Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under
Project Name
Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

Location/Chainage 34+300MNBR
B.H. No. BH-156

CLAY SILT FINE SAND MEDIUM SAND COARSE FINE GRAVEL

SAND COARSE GRAVEL

100

90

80

70
Percent Finer By Weight

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 0.002 0.075 0.425 2 4.75 19

0.002 0.075 0.425 2 4.75 20 80
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
DEPTH: Grain Size Millimeters

1.50 m 4.50 m

Grain Size Distribution % wt retained

Depth Sand Gravel D10 D30 D60 Cu Cc
Clay Silt
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Coarse
1.50 m 0.00 11.00 52.00 21.00 12.00 3.00 1.00 0.0678 0.1778 0.3898 5.75 1.20
4.50 m 0.00 12.00 51.00 20.00 11.00 4.00 2.00 0.0606 0.1717 0.3890 6.42 1.25

CEG Test House and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd.

40 of 45
 Ref. Code:-SR-538_21-22

GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION CURVES

Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under
Project Name
Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

Location/Chainage 34+300MNBR
B.H. No. BH-157

CLAY SILT FINE SAND MEDIUM SAND COARSE FINE GRAVEL

SAND COARSE GRAVEL

100

90

80

70
Percent Finer By Weight

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 0.002 0.075 0.425 2 4.75 19

0.002 0.075 0.425 2 4.75 20 80
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
DEPTH: Grain Size Millimeters

1.50 m

Grain Size Distribution % wt retained

Depth Sand Gravel D10 D30 D60 Cu Cc
Clay Silt
Fine Medium Coarse Fine Coarse
1.50 m 0.00 15.00 73.00 9.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 0.0453 0.1361 0.2427 5.35 1.68

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Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna, in the state of Andhra Pradesh and
Tamil Nadu (Package-I)

APPENDIX – C
(ANALYSIS & RECOMENDATION)
Appendix No. ITEMS
SAMPLE CALCULATION FOR COMPUTATION OF ALLOWABLE
C-1
BEARING CAPACITY OF SUB-STRATA FOR RAFT FOUNDATION

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Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna (Package-I)

Calculation of SBC for shallow foundations as per IS : 6403 - 1981

INPUT DATA 34+30

BH-155

Type of footing
1 Continuous Strip
2 Rectangular Rectangular 2
3 Square
4 Circular

o
Angle of internal friction (φ ) 32.00
2
Cohesion (c in t/m ) 0.00
Void ratio (e), e = (G.γw/γd)-1 0.62
o
Direction of load with vertical ( ) 0.00
3
Density of foundation soil (t/m ) γbulk 1.82
Depth of water table(m) 0.00
Factor of safety 2.50

S.no. Depth (m) of footing (Df) below EGL Width (m) Length (m)
1 2.50 6.00 14.50
2 3.00 6.00 14.50
3 3.50 6.00 14.50

SHEAR FAILURE CRITERIA

Assumptions and formula used in calculation as per IS:6403-1981 are given below -
NOTE: The type of failure used for bearing capacity analysis depends upon the value of void ratio (see IS 6403 :
1981, Page No. 9, Table No. 3).

The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of general shear failure is given by (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8)

qd = c Nc sc dc ic + q (Nq-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ Nγ sγ dγ iγ W'

The ultimate net bearing capacity in case of local shear failure is given by (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8)

q'd = (2/3) c N'c sc dc ic + q (N'q-1) sq dq iq + (1/2) B γ N'γ sγ dγ iγ W'

Where,
dc = 1+ 0.2 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ)
dq = dγ = 1 for φ <10o (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)
dq = dγ = 1 + 0.1 (Df/B)*SQRT(Nφ) for φ >10o
Nφ = tan2(π/4 +φ/2)
φ' is friction angle for local shear failure = tan-1 ( 0.67 tanφ )

OUTPUT

The computer aided results for shear failure criteria are tabulated below. The results are
interpolated values of bearing capacity obtained from general and local shear failure
criteria.

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Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km SR-538_21-22
43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna (Package-I)

Bearing capacity factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8, Table No. 1)

φ 32.00 φ' 22.72

Nc 35.49 N'c 17.71
Nq 23.18 N'q 8.41
Nγ 30.21 N'γ 7.88

Shape factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 8, Table No. 2)

S.no. Width(m) Length (m) Sc Sq Sγ

1 6.00 14.50 1.08 1.08 0.83
2 6.00 14.50 1.08 1.08 0.83
3 6.00 14.50 1.08 1.08 0.83

Depth factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)

S.no. Depth(m) Width(m) dc dq dγ

1 2.50 6.00 1.15 1.08 1.08
2 3.00 6.00 1.18 1.09 1.09
3 3.50 6.00 1.21 1.11 1.11

Inclination factors : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)

ic = (1-α / 90) 2 iq = (1-α / 90) 2 iγ = (1- α / φ) 2

1.00 1.00 1.00

Water table factor : (from IS 6403 : 1981, page No. 9)

S.no. Depth(m) Width(m) Zw/B W'

1 2.50 6.00 -0.42 0.50
2 3.00 6.00 -0.50 0.50
3 3.50 6.00 -0.58 0.50

Safe Bearing Capacity

S.no. Depth(m) Width(m) Length (m) SBC in (t/m2)

General shear Local shear Recommended
1 2.50 6.00 14.50 50.88 14.83 38.75
2 3.00 6.00 14.50 55.90 16.48 42.64
3 3.50 6.00 14.50 61.03 18.17 46.61

NOTE: The type of failure used for bearing capacity analysis depends upon the value of void ratio (see IS
6403 : 1981, Page No. 9, Table No. 3).

CEG Test House and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur

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 Construction of Six Lane Chittoor-Thatchur Road (Greenfield Alignment) from km 0.000 to km 43.800 on Hybrid Annuity Mode under Bharatmala Pariyojna (Package-I) SR-538_21-22

SETTLEMENT CALCULATION AS PER 8009 Part-1 1976 BH-155

Si

To

(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)

From

Layer
(mm)
(mm)

Length
Si (mm)

Breadth
Depth Factor

Cohesive Soil
Rigidity Factor

level (Kg/Cm2)
Corrected Total

Layer Thickness
Depth (kg/Cm2)
Average N-Value
Total Settlement

Depth below FGL

Settlement (mm)

Dispersed Length
Elastic Settlement

Height of layer(m)
Dispersed Breadth
Settlement in Non-

Stress at Foundation
I), Fig. 9, Page NO. 17)

Settlement (mm) for 10

Stress Increment at mid

t/m2 (from IS:8009 (Part
Layer 1 2.50 4.50 2.00 2.00 14.50 6.000 6.598 43 6.50 33.89 33.89

Layer 2 4.50 11.50 7.00 7.00 16.500 8.000 4.349 100 2.80 20.13 20.13

0.00 0.000 0.00

2.50 0.00 6.60 14.50 6.00 0.000 0.00 0.926 1.00 50.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

Layer 1 3.00 4.50 1.50 1.50 14.50 6.000 7.271 43 6.50 28.88 28.88

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Layer 2 4.50 12.00 7.50 7.50 16.000 7.500 5.271 100 2.80 26.24 26.24

0.00 0.000 0.00

3.00 0.00 7.27 14.50 6.00 0.000 0.00 0.907 1.00 50.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

Layer 1 3.50 4.50 1.00 1.00 14.50 6.000 8.075 43 6.50 22.03 22.03

Layer 2 4.50 12.50 8.00 8.00 15.500 7.000 6.475 100 2.80 34.21 34.21

0.00 0.000 0.00

3.50 0.00 8.08 14.50 6.00 0.000 0.00 0.889 1.00 50.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

0.00 0.000 0.00

CEG Test House and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur