Question

Answer Notes Marks

number
1 (a) (i) geothermal / geothermic; allow nuclear 1

(ii) any suitable resource or method; ignore nuclear 1

e.g.
 wind (turbine)
 hydro-electric ignore unqualified
‘water’
 waves
 tidal
 solar (panels) allow photovoltaic
cells, (sun)light
 biofuels/biomass allow wood

(b) any four from: allow ‘mechanical 4

energy’ for KE
throughout

MP1. thermal energy is transferred allow ‘heat’ for

from hot rock to cold water OR thermal energy
water heats up;
MP2. water molecules gain KE (as they allow water turned
are heated); into steam
MP3. steam gains KE as it is heated by
the rock;
MP4. GPE of steam increases as it
gains height;
MP5. turbine gains KE from hot
water/steam;
MP6. generator (coils) transfer KE allow turbine transfers
(from turbine) into electrical KE to electrical energy
energy;
MP7. electrical energy is transferred
from pump into GPE/KE of water;

total marks = 6

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Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
2 (a) (i) light; 2
(ii) kinetic;

(b) (i) Power = energy ÷ time power = energy ÷ time 1

energy = power x time
time = energy ÷ power

ONLY ACCEPT standard letters (P, E, t)

(ii) Substitution into correct equation; Correct final value gets all three marks 3
Rearrangement; irrespective of working.
Calculation;
e. Substitution and rearrangement in either order.
78 = energy ÷ 10
78 x 10 Rearrangement may be shown in (b)(i)
780 (J)

(c) Useful energy calculated; 2

Correct substitution in formula;
e.
200 – 176 OR 24 (J) Second line of working scores 2 (since the use
24 ÷ 200 (x 100 = 12%) of 24 implies first line has been correctly
carried out)

ALTERNATIVE METHOD

energy wasted = 176 ÷ 200 OR 88(%);

useful energy transfer = 100 – 88 = (12%); Second line of working scores 2 (since the use
of 88 implies first line has been correctly
carried out)

Total 8 Marks

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
3 (a) (i) any three from: NOTE (3)
cannot award MP4 unless
MP1. air becomes hot;
MP2. air expands; MP2 or MP3 has been
MP3. air becomes less dense; given
MP4. air rises;
reject for 1 mark( ie MAX
mark = 2)
air particles expand OR
air particles become less
dense
(ii) clear inward arrow above the heat (2)
absorbing materials;
clear up arrow inside the tower;
(iii) convection (current); (1)

(b) (i) thermal (energy); allow heat or solar or (2)

light
kinetic (energy);
(ii) (hot) air turns turbines; (2)
turbines turn the generator/magnets
inside a coil;
(c) (i) during the day there is direct heating allow RA (1)
from the sun/eq;
(ii) any sensible suggestion (1)
e.g.
so that convection continues beyond
daylight hours;
to act as heat source for night time;
(iii) any sensible suggestion Allow (1)
e.g. photovoltaic cells
water tanks (to provide hot water at solar panel
night); (dull) black objects /
crops; blocks painted black

Total for Question 3 = 13 marks

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
4 (a) (i) Current that passes in one direction ignore current varies 1
only;

(ii) Any three of - 3

MP1 provides a connection / current
to the coil/commutator;
MP2 idea of reverses the current in allow swops the
the coil; contacts/
ensures that current
always flows clockwise
through the coil/eq
MP3 Every half turn;
MP4 Reverses (coil) field /polarity
(every half turn);
MP5 So that the force is always in so the moment is
the same direction; always in the same
direction
MP6 So that the motor keeps turning
(the same way);

(iii) Any one of - 1

Still spins clockwise;
No (overall) effect/direction remains
the same;
The two changes cancel out/nothing Ignore “nothing
changes; happens” unless clear
that rotation continues

(b) (i) power = voltage × current; Accept symbols 1

P=I×V
Condone a mix of
correct symbols and
words

(ii) Substitution and calculation; 2

Conversion to megawatts; division by 106 or
1 000 000 seen
e.g. P=I×V
P= 4000 × 600 = 2 400 000 (W)
= 2 400 000 ÷ 1 000 000 correct answer
= 2.4 (MW) without working scores
two marks

Continued

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
4 (c) (i) work done = force × distance (moved) Accept symbols W=F×d 1
W =Fd

(ii) Substitution; 2
Calculation;
e.g. Work = 400 000 × 190
76 000 000 (J) Accept
76 MJ with correct unit
7.6 x 107 (J)
76 x 106 (J)

(d) (i) Substitution into given equation; No mark for the 3

P = W/t equation as it is given in
QP
Rearrangement; Substitution and
rearrangement in either
order
Calculation;
e.g.
1.9 = 67 ÷ t……………worth 1
t = 67 ÷ 1.9 ……………worth 2 Or (in joules and watts)
67 000 000 ÷ 1 900 000
= 35 (s)………………….worth 3 (35.26)
correct answer without
working =3

(ii) Any one of :- 1

Takes longer /eq; Ignore: unqualified
comments about the
amount of work done
More time needed to raise coal;
Load moves more slowly;

Total 15 marks

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