Trainer- Muslim Shekh

What are the responsibilities of HSE Officer?

An HSE Officer (Health, Safety & Environment) is responsible for providing safe
working conditions to employees within an organization. He conducts risk
assessments and mitigations before the beginning of a project and takes preventive
measures to make sure that accidents, injuries and diseases do not bog employees
down.

 Conducts tool box talk meeting.

 Verifies that all tools and equipment are adequate and safe for use.
 Inspects the site to ensure it is a hazard-free environment.
 Prepare monthly/weekly safety training plan.
 Prepare the safety checklist and Inspection of fire extinguishers.
 Near misses, incidents and accident reports.
 Investigation of incident/accident and record.
 Initiate and organize OHS training of employees and executive’s team.
 Arrange the safety classes/training such as: job specific training or induction
training.
 Stop any unsafe acts or processes that seem dangerous or unhealthy.
 Arrange safety competition like quiz, slogan and safety poster etc.
 Workplace inspection before give work permit.
 Prepare HIRA/JSA/SWP, SOP, O&M , SMP, SWMS and Monitoring safety for
the employees & workers
 Carry risk assessment before each activity.
 Help in implementing the objectives of health and safety policy.
 Preparation of work plan schedule to complete the orders as per order date
sheet from andplanning list.
 Oversee installation, maintenance, disposal of substances etc.
 Enforces safety guidelines.
 Promotes safe practices at the job site.
 Reviews and approves all subcontractors’ safety plans.

What are the duties of a supervisor?

 He has to instruct these workers about the work methods and procedures.
 He has to maintain discipline among the workers
 He has to supply necessary materials
 He has to control quality and cost of the job
 He has to guide has workers in doing a job in the correct and safe way
 He has to supply suitable personal protective equipment to his workers
 He should conduct periodical safety meetings.
 He should conduct a safety inspection of his working area
 He should know about the fire fighting equipment
 He should know how to investigate an accident and find out the causes of the
accident
What is Safety?
Safety is condition which gives us freedom from hazards, risk, injury and illness is
called safety.

What is the accident?

It is an unwanted, unexpected or unplanned event which may result in personal
injury or damage or property loss or effect on environment even death is called
accident.

Example: - A car or motorcycle crush, Person death due to fall from height etc.

What is an Injury?
It is defined as a harmful condition sustained by the body as a result of an accident.

What is the hazard?

Hazard is anything which has the potential harm to anybody or environment is called
hazard.

What is the risk?

In probability of the realization of the potential for loss or damage or injury.

What is an incident?
It is an unwanted and unplanned event that may or may not results in injury, death,
and property loss or environment damage.

Example- Bank robbery, an argument between celebrities.

What is Near miss?

Near miss, near hit, close call or nearly is an unplanned, unexpected event which
has the potential to cause harm but does not actually result in human injury,
environmental or equipment damage, or an interruption to normal operation.

Example: - 1. A person’s leg slip from ladder rungs but he controlled himself and did
not any injury occur.

2. Falling of tools or material from height without hitting any one.

Accident due to dangerous occurrences:-

 It is an unplanned, uncontrolled incident which

resulted in loss of material, property damage but
no harm to people.

 Example:-
  Collapse of scaffolding / structure

 failure of lifting tools & tackles

 Breakage of lifting tools & tackles

 Fire, Explosion and gas leakage.

What is unsafe act?

 Unsafe Act is the any behavior or action done by people which are not as
per the prescribed safety standard or practice or against of safety rules
is known as Unsafe act.

 And which can cause or likely to cause accidents or risk for self or others at
workplace, damage equipment and bring losses in terms of reputations and
revenue to employer.

 For Examples :

1. Don’t follow safety rules

2. Failure to wear the PPE’s.

3. Use of damaged equipment

4. Taking Shortcuts/unsafe position

5. Being Over Confident.

6. Starting a Task with Incomplete Instructions.

7. Taking overload during material handling.

8. Horse playing, abuse

9. Operating equipment without authorization.

10. Failure to use of LOTO.

11. Unsafe driving (Over speed limit).

What is unsafe condition?

Any condition or situation in the workplace that is likely to cause property damage or
injury is called unsafe condition.

For Example:-

1. Provide Defective Tools, equipment or PPE

2. Inadequate supports or guards.

3. Inadequate or excessive Illumination

4. Fire and Explosion Hazard.

5. Excessive Noise.

6. Poor Ventilation.

7. Poor housekeeping

8. Improper working platform

9. Unsafe loaded / fixed / Placed of material on trailer or crane.

10. Poor design / Openings of workplace

What is safety audit?

The safety audit is the process that identifies unsafe conditions and unsafe acts the
plant and recommended safety improvement. Walk through it evaluates the unsafe
condition noticeable to the naked eye during work through the plant. ( stores, civil
work, erection work)

What is safety tag?

Safety tag can be defined a surface made of cardboard or paperboard on which
English local languages letters written for warning safety instructions to employees.

What is safety program?

Safety program can be defined as five methods by which accident can be prevented
easily they are engineering, education, enforcement, enthusiasm and example safety
programs are plain spoken and carry out certain legal steps.

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What is attitude?
Attitude may be described as continuous behavior. If man’s behavior is good, then
his action will be either correct or safe.

What is emergency planning?

Emergency planning can be defined as a control measure. It can control the
accidents safeguard people and provide information to media.

What is Work Permit System?

Work Permit System is a “written document” for permission to undertake a job by
area in charge or it is written document issued by the area in charge to the performer
to undertake the specific job.

What is work at height?

Any work above 1.8 meter from the ground is caused work at height.

What is confined space?

An area which is small and enclosed or an area where one entry and exits or where
a man cannot work comfortably in any location is caused confined space.

What is excavation?
Marking a hole or tunnel by digging the ground by man or machine is called
excavation.

What is scaffolding?
It is a temporary platform constructed for supporting both men and materials and
working safety at a construction site.

What is welding?
The process of joining of metals either by electrical or by gas is called welding

What is gas cutting?

The process of joining of cutting metals by using oxygen and combustible gas is
called gas cutting.

What is sandblasting?
The process of removing rust dust, dirt, scales and old prints from the old surface
using compressed air is called sandblasting.

What is painting?
The process after sandblasting is called painting.

What is LEL?
The minimum concentration of vapour, gasses, and dust in air below which
propagation of flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called
LEL.

What is UEL?
The maximum proportion of vapour, gasses, and dust in the air above which
proposal the flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called UEL.

What is manual handling?

The process of lifting, carrying and stacking materials by men is called manual
handing.

What is housekeeping?
Housekeeping means not only cleanness but also the orderly arrangement of
operations, tools, equipment’s storage facilities and suppliers.

What is personal protective equipment?

It is an equipment’s used to project the person from hazards such dust, dirt, fumes,
and sparks etc. It is the barrier between hazard and person.

What is grinding?
A grinder is a portable machine with a wheel guard in position to reduce the danger.
What is Crane?
A tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting
arm with a hook.

What is forklift truck?

The forklift truck is designed to handle heavy loads.

What is JSA OR What is Job Safety Analysis?

The procedure of analysing job for the specific purpose of finding the hazards and

What are the precautions for welding?

 Remove all combustion material from the place of welding
 Clear the work area and cover wooden floor with fireproof mats. (welding
mechanic should be kept within the visibility of the welders.
 Erect fire resistance screen around the work
 All welding cables should be fully insulted
 All welding mics shall be double earthed
 Welding area should be dry and free from water
 Keep the fire extinguisher/sand really
 Use leather hand gloves, goggles, and helmets
 Switch off the power when welding is stopped
 Do not allow the helper to do welding
 Do not shift he welding cable unless the electric power is switched off.
 Do not allow the helper to carry the welding. The terminal of the welding
cables should be provided 3-cable with lugs and kept tight.
 Oxygen hose in black and acetylene hose in red in color as per standard
 NRV of the blowtorches should be maintained properly avoid backfire
 Welders should be trained properly
 Cylinders should be stored in a cold dry place away bottom heat and direct
sunlight.
 Proper housekeeping, good ventilation in the working area
 Smoking should be avoided from the welding area
 Hose connection should be proper made
 Barricade the work area and put a sign board
 Rolling of cylinders should be avoided
 Flashback arrestor should be attached to each cylinder
 Any leakage of the cylinder should be kept separately
What are the precautions for gas cutting?
 Keep the fire extinguisher nearby
 Keep fire watch nearby
 Remove all combustible from work area
 Use all necessary PPE
 Never put welding gas cylinder inside a confined space
 Hoses shall not be laid in pathways
 Gas cutting torch should have flashback arrestors
 Gas test to be done to check for the presence of flammable gas in site.
 Good housekeeping and ventilation necessary in working area.
 Hose connections should be made properly
What are the precautions for “sandblasting”?
 The compressed airline, hoses and another fitting must installment firmly
without leaks the hose.
  Misuse compress are should be avoided
 A fresh air hood or mask must be worn
 Housekeeping can be done periodically
 The fire extinguisher shall be kept nearby
 Dust mask ear plugs/muffs should be used
 No sandblasting shall be done on top of floating roof tank in service.
 Use goggles & face shield
 Sandblasting operation must be gas free

What is the precaution for “painting”?

 All flammable material should be cleared from the work area
 The required protective clothing and equipment must be worn
 Cartridge respirators shall always be worn
 Adequate ventilation is necessary
 Adequate washing facilities must be readily available
 Barrier cream should be applied to the skin

What are the hazards in welding?

 Eye injury
 Burn injury arc realization
 Electrical shock light arc radiation
 Heat, light, and radiation affect heat fume
 Poisonous gases chipped price of weld metal
 Fire
 Explosion scattering
 Noise sparking
 Sparkling
 Flying sand
What are hazards and injuries in manual handling?
 Cutting fingers due to sharp edges
 Burns due to the handling of hot articles
 Foot injuries due to dropped articles
 Slipped disc due to improper posture while lifting an object
 Strains to wrist or fingers
 Sprains, wounds hernias, fractures
Cause of accidents in manual handling?
 Improper lifting
 Carrying too heavy loads
 Improper gripping
 Failure to use PPE
 Lifting greasy, oily and irregular objects
 Poor physique
What precautions are needed to avoid the accident in manhandling
 Stand at a safe distance from the load
 Sharp edge and burns are removed before lifting a
 PPE such as safety gloves and safety shoes are to be
 If the weight is too heavy for one person to lift, then he has to seek the
assistance.
 The pathway is not blocked by obstacles while carrying the load.
  The different actions, movements, and forces necessary while carrying the
load.
 Modify the task by using hooks and crowbars.
 Mechanical equipment like cranes shall be used.
 Modify the objects
 Change the way things are used.
Tips for manuals handling?
 Plan
 Clear the path
 Move in close to the load
 Secure your grip
 Hold your head upright
 Maintain normal curves of the spine
 Power the lift with legs and body weight
 Don’t twist

What are the causes of accidents in Mechanical Handling?

 The sudden failure of wire rope or a chain
 Slipping of the load from the sling
 Swinging of the load at the time of lifting
 The load sometimes hits the man

What are the accidents in “poor housekeeping”?

 Men getting hit by falling from overhead
 Men slipping as greasy, wet or dirty floor
 Men failing in open tank without cover in the level floor
 Accidents due to poor lighting
 Fire accidents due to faulty electrical wires
What are the advantages of good housekeeping?
 It helps in the reduction of accidents including fire accidents
 It saves the property damages
 It improves employee morale
 Better productivity
 The working area becomes presentable
 Human energy is conserved
 Visitors are very much satisfied
 The burden of the supervisor is reduced
How to care and maintenance of hand tools?
 Tools must be kept clean and free from corrosion
 Keep metal parts lightly oiled
 Remove burrs from edges of tools and heads of chisels.
 Tools which are not in use must be stored separately
 A good worker regularly inspects his tools
 Do not use tools without handles
How to prevent accidents of “Power Tools”?
 The operators should wear face shields or safety glasses
 Power tools should be placed in the storeroom after use
 Power tools should have protected by guards
 Pneumatic hoses or electric cables of power tools should not pass through
passageways.
 The electrical power tools should be properly earthed
  Never horseplay with hose pneumatic tools
 Power tools machines should be maintained and operated properly.
What are the causes of accidents of “hard tools”?
 Due to the wrong way of using tools.
 Due to the defective condition of tools
 Due to the failure of using right tools for the right job
 Due to the wrong way of carrying tools
 Due to strong of tools in safety
What precautions are necessary for electrical work?

 All electrical installations shall be as per standard electricity rules

 Only competent persons should handle the electrical equipment.
 The equipment should be earthed properly
 All temporary electric lines should be drawn at least above man’s height
 Cable should be completely insulted
 Cable should not have any joints
 Only connection for one point
 Good housekeeping in the area
 Fire protection equipment to be kept nearby
 Use rubber gloves and rubber boots
 Use good quality of wire
 Power isolation close to the job
 Use three pin plug instead of loose wire
 Never operate any electrical equipment with wet hands
 Never stand wet surface while working electrical equipment
 During thunderstorm do not stand under the tree
 A proper signboard is necessary
 No person shall work on any live electrical conductor
 The switch shall only be put on by the person who switched it off
What are the hazards in construction?
 Fall of the person from the top and getting injured
 Fall of objects from the top and below person injury
 Fall of materials from the top and damaged
 A person falls into an excavated pit
 The collapse of soil and below person get injury or may
 Damage to underground cables and sewage pipe
 The collapse of scaffolding and person fall from the height, gets an injury
 Electrical shock
 Fire and explosion
 Burn injury
 Health and lung problems
 Snake Bite
 Poisonous gas
 Foreign body in the eye
Cause of accident in construction?
 Erection equipment failure
 Falling of persons from the height
 Electrical shocks
 Improper lighting
 Non-stop working by worker
 Up safe work methods
  Collapsing of the earth during trench excavation
 Failure of use safety equipment
 Working at height without a safety belt
General safety precautions in construction?
 Adequate first aid equipment should be kept ready
 Adequate fire fighting equipment should be available
 All general electrical rules should be followed
 Suitable lighting arrangements should be necessary at night work
 Workmen at height should be wearing safety belts
 Workmen handling cement should be provided with goggles, rubber gloves
and rubber boots by nose mask.
 The moving parts of grinding machines used construction site should be
covered with guards
 The moving parts of grinding machines used construction site should be
covered with guards
 Excavated material should not be kept near the excavated
 Very short duration of work red flags must be hoisted and more duration red
banners must be stretched
 Defective tools should not be used
 The worker should not carry tools in his hands when climbing a ladder
 Excavation should be guarded by suitable fencing

How to erect scaffolding?

 It should be erected on levels firm ground
 It erected by trained/skilled person
 It is constructed using metal pipes and wooden boards
 It should be design and constructed from good and sound material
 Not to be erected on loose earth
 Clamps should be fixed
 Properly bracing
 Sole plate is necessary the base of vertical pipe
Safety precautions for scaffold?
 Wooden board not be painted
 Wooden board should not to any cracks
 Check for rust in pipes/clamps
 Clamps should be fixed and good quality
 Boards thickness should be 3.4 cms and no bending
 The construction must be rigid, properly based
 Use of good and sound materials
 The wooden bellies has not joint
 Vertical poles should not be more than 6 feet
 Chains, ropes used for the suspension of scaffoldings
 Never throw any materials from height
 Use safety harness while working at above 6 feet
 Properly ties to be arrangement
What controls measures are necessary for confined space?
 Enter with airline bar sets
 Use 24v flameproof hand lamps
 A hole watch to be kept near the manhole
 Keep fire fighting equipment ready
  Gas test to be done to check for oxygen level
 Provide blowers
 Don’t smoke in confined space
 Use ropes and harness
 The spaces clean before entry
 Use non-sparking tools it there is any risk of flammable vapors being present.
Safety rules when using ladders?
 The footwear is not greasy, oily and muddy and has a good grip on the rungs.
 When climbing or coming down a ladder should be facing the ladder side and
had on with both hands.
 Carry light tools in pockets in a shoulder bag.
 Hold on with at least new hand if use of both hands then, use safety belt
 Never climb higher than the third rung from the top on straight or second tired
from the top of the extension ladder.
 Stepladder must be fully open and the divider locked
 The metal ladder shall not be used near electrical equipment.
 The metal ladder shall not be placed on firm footing and an angle of 75
 Any ladder found with a defect in any way should be marked as DO NOT USE
 The ladder shall not be placed in a box or drum.
 Rubber protection on head and heel of a ladder is necessary.
Safety rules ensuring oxygen cylinders?
 Oxygen cylinders should not be kept near combustible materials.
 Oxygen cylinders should not be handled with grassy hands or gloves.
 Oxygen cylinders and their fittings should not be tested with oil based soap
solution.
 Oxygen cylinders and other combustible gas cylinders should not be stored
together.
 The top cover of the cylinder should be kept in position and screwed safety
when not in use.
 Cylinders should not be used as rollers for moving materials
 Oxygen must not be used for ventilating confined spaces.

Safety rules for using compressed air?

 Only authorized persons should be used compressed air.
 The body or clothes should not be cleaned