BMNP/BMMP1523: Practical 5

In the practical test or examination, you should be able to do the following:

1. Identify the ligaments shown during this practical.

2. Identify the types of synovial joints and provide examples.
3. Identify all the muscles shown during this practical as well as their functions.

Station 1: Shoulder joint.

• Identify the following ligaments of the shoulder.
1. Coracohumeral ligament.
2. Glenohumeral ligament.
3. Transverse humeral ligament.

Transverse humeral ligament

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1.Coracohumeral Ligament

2.Glenohumeral Ligament

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Station 2: Muscles involved in movements at the shoulder joint.

Table 16.3 in textbook.

• Identify the following muscles and their functions.

1. Pectoralis major: Flexion of the arm; Adduction of the arm.

2. Deltoid: Function ________________________________________________
3. Coracobrachialis: Flexes (flexion) shoulder joint.
4. Latissimus dorsi: Function _______________________________________
5. Teres major: Function___________________________________________

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Station 3: Elbow joint.

• Ligaments of the elbow: You don’t need to know them for the practical exam.

• Identify the following muscles and their functions.

1. Biceps Flexion of the elbow.
2. Brachialis
3. Triceps = extension of the elbow.

Muscles involved in movements of the elbow joint:

Identify the muscles and functions:
• Biceps
• Brachialis
• Triceps

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Station 4: Forearm and wrist.

• Ligaments of the wrist: you don’t need to know them for the practical exam.
• Identify the following muscles of the forearm as well as their functions.

ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT:
FOREARM = FLEXORS.

1. Brachioradialis: Flexion of the elbow.

2. Pronator teres: Pronation of the
radio-ulnar joint.
3. Flexor carpi radialis: Flexion of the
wrist.
4. Palmaris longus: Flexion of the wrist.
5. Flexor carpi ulnaris: Flexion of the
wrist.

• Identify the flexor retinaculum. Fig. 16.55 NBNBNB!!!!!

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Station 5: Forearm and wrist.

• Ligaments of the wrist: You don’t need to know them for the practical exam.

• Identify the following muscles of the forearm as well as their functions.

POSTERIOR
COMPARTMENT: FOREARM
= EXTENSORS

1. Extensor carpi ulnaris: Extension of

the wrist.
2. Extensor carpi radialis: Extension of
the wrist.
3. Extensor digitorum.

• Identify the extensor retinaculum. NBNBNB!!!!!

Station 6: Test!!!!

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Station 7: Hip joint.

• Identify the following ligaments:

1. Iliofemoral ligament.
2. Pubofemoral ligament.
3. Ischiofemoral ligament.

1 2
. .
3
.
1
.

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Station 8: Muscles involved in movements at the hip joint.

• Identify the following muscles and their functions.

1. Gluteal muscles:
• Abduction of the hip.
• Medial rotation of the hip.
• Extension of the hip.
2. Sartorius:
• Flexion and abduction at the hip joint.
• Flexion at the knee.
3. Iliacus: Flexes hip joint.
4. Psoas: Flexes hip joint.
5. Quadriceps:
Rectus femoris: Flexes hip.
Quadriceps femoris: Extends knee.

Quadriceps
femoris
• 3 vastus
muscles
-Vastus lateralis.
-Vastus medialis.
-Vastus
intermedius.
• Rectus
femoris.

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Station 9: Knee joint.

• Identify the following:

1. Patellar ligament: Attaches to the tibial tuberosity.
2. Anterior cruciate ligaments.
3. Posterior cruciate ligaments.
4. Medial meniscus.
5. Lateral meniscus.

1
.

Tibial
tuberosity

3.

2.

5.

4.
3.
4.

2.

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1. Patellar Ligament 5. Posterior Ligament

2. Lateral (Fibular) Collateral Ligament 6. Medial Meniscus

3. Medial (Tibial) Collateral Ligament 7. Lateral Meniscus (on the side of

fibula)

4. Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Fibula=”little bone”= lateral

Tibia=”Massive bone”= medial

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Station 10: Muscles involved in movements at the knee joint.

• Identify the following muscles and their functions.

1. Gastrocnemius.
Flexion of the knee.
2. Hamstrings.
3. Quadriceps: extension of the knee.
• You do not need to identify the different muscles that constitute the
hamstrings and quadriceps muscle groups.

Quadriceps femoris
• 3 vastus muscles
-Vastus lateralis.
-Vastus medialis.
-Vastus intermedius.
• Rectus femoris.

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Station 11: Muscles involved in movements at the ankle joint.

• Ligaments of the ankle: You don’t need to know them for the practical exam.
• Identify the following muscles and their functions.

1. Gastrocnemius:
Plantarflexion of
the ankle.
2. Soleus:
Plantarflexion of
the ankle.
3. Anterior tibialis:
Dorsiflexion of the
ankle or foot.

• Eversion: Turning the sole outwards.

• Inversion: Turning the sole inwards.

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