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INDEX

Content Page no

1 CHAPTER - VOCABULARY 6

2 CHAPTER -IDIOMS & PHRASES 9

3 CHAPTER -PHRASAL VERBS 14

4 CHAPTER -SINGLE FILLERS 17

5 CHAPTER - WORD SWAP 23

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CHAPTER -1 VOCABULARY
1. What is the most appropriate Synonym for “Unanimously”?

A. Collectively

B. Differently

C. Divergently

D. Opposite

2. What is the most appropriate Synonym for “Relentless”?

A. Compassionate

B. Determined

C. Kind

D. Non violent

3. What is the most appropriate Synonym for “Invasion”?

A. Obedience

B. Retreat

C. Aggression

D. Surrender

4. What is the most appropriate Synonym for “Galvanize”?

A. Bore

B. Depress

C. Null

D. Arouse
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5. What is the most appropriate Synonym for “Disconcerting”?

A. Baffling

B. Clear

C. Plain

D. Orderly

6. What is the most appropriate Antonym for “Step up”?

A. Boost

B. Increase

C. Raise

D. Degrade

7. What is the most appropriate Antonym for “Grinding”?

A. Build up

B. Crumbling

C. Disintegrating

D. Crunching

8. What is the most appropriate Antonym for “Pounded”?

A. Formed

B. Failed

C. Rolled

D. Tamped

9. What is the most appropriate Antonym for “Deleterious”?

A. Bad

B. Detrimental

C. Assisting
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D. Mischievous

10. What is the most appropriate Antonym for “Impunity”?

A. Immunity

B. Denial

C. Exception

D. Liberty

ANSWERS

1. ANSWER (A) - COLLECTIVELY

2. ANSWER (B) - DETERMINED

3. ANSWER (C) - AGGRESSION

4. ANSWER (D) - AROUSE

5. ANSWER (A) - BAFFLING

6. ANSWER (D) - DEGRADE

7. ANSWER (A) - BUILD UP

8. ANSWER (B) - FAILED

9. ANSWER (C) - ASSISTING

10. ANSWER (B) - DENIAL

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CHAPTER- 2 IDIOMS & PHRASES

Directions (1-10): The following questions consist of a sentence. In each sentence a blank is
given. Following the sentence, four idioms are given. You have to choose the idiom that would
fill in the sentence contextually and grammatical

1. Though Jennifer is the head of the Content Marketing team, yet Adam is one who
generally___________ .

A. Calling the shots

B. Zero in on

C. Got my mojo working

D. Speak of the Devil

2. Anil was lucky enough to be __________ after his bike met with an accident.

A. Out of the jaws of death

B. One-stop-shop

C. Sleep like a top

D. Pardon my French

3. People from all __________ came to Dubai to attend the famous Dubai Shopping
Festival.

A. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread

B. Fifteen minutes of fame

C. Four corners of the earth

D. Donkey’s years

4. How could the murderer be ________ after doing such serious crimes?

A. Cool as a cucumber
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B. Costs an arm and a leg

C. Cry over spilled milk

D. Draw a longbow

5. He had been trying to quit smoking for a year but couldn't, so he decided to _________.

A. Hit the hay/sack

B. Go cold turkey

C. Hold one’s peace

D. Keep your chin up

6. It _______ when the Monsoon comes.

A. Pull someone’s leg

B. Speak of the devil

C. Penny for your thoughts.

D. Rain cats and dogs

7. By working part-time and looking after her kids two days a week she managed to
___________ .

A. Stealing Someone’s Thunder

B. Get The Best Of Both Worlds.

C. The Elephant In The Room

D. The Last Straw

8. ____________ Sam, I’m sure your performance will be great.

A. Bite The Bullet

B. Break A Leg

C. Call It A Day

D. Steal Someone’s Thunder

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9. The lesson is never ever ________ .

A. Judge A Book By It’s Cover

B. Make An Omelet Without Breaking Some Eggs

C. Take The Piss

D. Rock The Boat

10. Then she can cash the check and ________ at Walmart or wherever.

A. He Who Laughs Last Laughs Loudest

B. Have Your Head In The Clouds

C. Have A Blast

D. Hear Something Straight From The Horse’s Mouth

ANSWERS

1. ANSWER (A) - CALLING THE SHOTS

CALLING THE SHOTS - To have control over progress or to give directions to others.

ZERO IN ON - To focus or aim precisely on something.

GOT MY MOJO WORKING - When someone’s luck is working to a great extent

SPEAK OF THE DEVIL - When someone appears just when they have been a subject of
conversation between two or more people.

2. ANSWER (A) - OUT OF THE JAWS OF DEATH

OUT OF THE JAWS OF DEATH - To be saved from a fatal situation.

ONE-STOP-SHOP - A single establishment where all the products and services are offered.

SLEEP LIKE A TOP - Sound sleep.

PARDON MY FRENCH - Seek an apology for using rude or offensive language

3. ANSWER (C) - FOUR CORNERS OF THE EARTH

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FOOLS RUSH IN WHERE ANGELS FEAR TO TREAD - The times where foolish people do
not hesitate to tackle a dangerous or difficult situation that even the wisest ones choose to
avoid.

FIFTEEN MINUTES OF FAME - Rising to fame for a brief period of time.

FOUR CORNERS OF THE EARTH - From all the directions.

DONKEY’S YEARS - Something which has been happening for quite a long time.

4. ANSWER (A) - COOL AS A CUCUMBER

COOL AS A CUCUMBER - to be very calm and relaxed

COSTS AN ARM AND A LEG - when something costs too much money, it’s way too
expensive.

CRY OVER SPILLED MILK - to be upset about something that is already done or a mistake
that can’t be changed.

DRAW A LONGBOW - to exaggerate, to lie.

5. ANSWER (B) - GO COLD TURKEY

HIT THE HAY/SACK - when someone is really tired and wants to go to sleep.

GO COLD TURKEY - to suddenly stop or quit some bad or addictive behavior, like stop
smoking.

HOLD ONE’S PEACE - be silent.

KEEP YOUR CHIN UP - be brave and courageous in a tough situation.

6. ANSWER (D) - RAIN CATS AND DOGS

PULL SOMEONE’S LEG - To joke with someone, to trick someone in a humorous way

SPEAK OF THE DEVIL - The person we were talking about showed up.

PENNY FOR YOUR THOUGHTS - a way of asking someone else’s thoughts.

RAIN CATS AND DOGS - rain heavily, tremendously.

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7. ANSWER (B) - GET THE BEST OF BOTH WORLDS

STEALING SOMEONE’S THUNDER - Taking credit for someone else's achievements.

GET THE BEST OF BOTH WORLDS - means you can enjoy two different opportunities at the
same time.

THE ELEPHANT IN THE ROOM - A matter or problem that is obvious of great importance but
that is not discussed openly.

THE LAST STRAW - The final source of irritation for someone to finally lose patience.

8. ANSWER (B) - BREAK A LEG

BITE THE BULLET - Decide to do something unpleasant that you have avoided doing.

BREAK A LEG - means ‘good luck’

CALL IT A DAY - Stop working on something

STEAL SOMEONE’S THUNDER - Taking credit for someone else's achievements.

9. ANSWER (A) - JUDGE A BOOK BY IT’S COVER

JUDGE A BOOK BY IT’S COVER - This person or thing may look bad, but it's good inside

MAKE AN OMELET WITHOUT BREAKING SOME EGGS - There's always a cost to doing
something

TAKE THE PISS - To tease, ridicule, or mock someone.

ROCK THE BOAT - To do or say something that will upset people or cause problems.

10. ANSWER (C) - HAVE A BLAST

HE WHO LAUGHS LAST LAUGHS LOUDEST - I'll get you back for what you did

HAVE YOUR HEAD IN THE CLOUDS - Not be concentrating

HAVE A BLAST - To have a good time; to enjoy oneself

HEAR SOMETHING STRAIGHT FROM THE HORSE’S MOUTH - Hear something from the
person involved
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CHAPTER- 3 PHRASAL VERB

Directions (1-7): The following questions consist of a sentence. In each sentence a blank is
given. Following the sentence, four phrasal verbs are given. You have to choose the phrasal
verb that would fill in the sentence contextually and grammatically

1. What will Sam ______ next?

A. Think up

B. Think through

C. Take after

D. Take for

2. Their bus ______ five miles out of the village.

A. Broke down

B. Burn up

C. Buy out

D. Bring up

3. Sid ______ the way to get out of the situation very easily.

A. Fill out

B. Fill up

C. Figured out

D. Fix up

4. Don’t _____ their past between the argument.

A. Bring up

B. Bear up
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C. Blow over

D. Bear with

5. Sam loves to _____ every Friday night.

A. Go over

B. Go off

C. Go out

D. Go for

6. They ____ the juice shop everyday.

A. Go back on
B. Go by
C. Go off
D. Go out

7. Be gentle to Rohit, his grandmother ______ last night.

A. Picked up
B. Put away
C. Passed away
D. Put up with

ANSWERS

1. ANSWER (A) – THINK UP

THINK UP – create or invent a false story
THINK THROUGH – consider carefully
TAKE AFTER – resemble a parent or relative
TAKE FOR – consider, view as

2. ANSWER (A) – BROKE DOWN

BROKE DOWN – stop working properly
BURN UP – be hot
BUY OUT – buy the shares of a company or the shares the other person
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BRING UP – raise ( a child)

3. ANSWER (C) – FIGURED OUT

FILL OUT – mature, get breasts
FILL UP – fill to the top
FIGURED OUT – something solve, understand
FIX UP – repair, renovate, remodel

4. ANSWERS (A) – BRING UP

BRING UP - mention
BEAR UP - withstand
BLOW OVER – pass without creating a problem
BEAR WITH – be patient

5. ANSWERS (C) – GO OUT

GO OVER - review
GO OFF – become angry
GO OUT – take part in social activities
GO FOR – try to achieve

6. ANSWER (B) – GO BY
GO BACK ON – not keep ( one’s word, promise)
GO BY – go past, go close to, visit quickly
GO OFF – become angry
GO OUT – take part in social activities

7. ANSWER (C) – PASSED AWAY

Picked up – try to initiate a relationship with someone
Put away – return to the proper place of storage
Passed away - die
Put up with – tolerate
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CHAPTER - 4 SINGLE FILLERS

Directions(1-10): In each of the questions below, a sentence is given with one blank that
indicates that a part is missing. Identify the word that fits in that blank to make the sentence
grammatically and contextually correct.

1. Lockdowns limit production and result in a shortage of __________; they also adversely affect
employment, income and demand.

A. inventions

B. inventories

C. initiatives

D. inaccessibility

E. incessancy

2. The increased indebtedness and the bankruptcies ____________ by the crisis bound to be felt well
after restrictions are relaxed.

A. reaffirmed

B. acquired

C. precipitated

D. stumbled

E. meliorated

3. To __________ women’s involvement, most of the work could be organised on a part-time basis,
say four hours a day as full-time employment tends to be very difficult for them, especially if they have
young children.

A. allocate

B. impede

C. facilitate

D. extenuate

E. stifle
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4. This is reflective of a political culture that cannot embrace freedoms, markets and reforms without
hypocrisies, _________ and doublespeak.

A. ambiguity

B. downrightness

C. unequivocalness

D. limpidity

E. verity

5. Though no one would ever wish it to happen this way, the pandemic could mark a chance to
___________ how much cleanliness is good for us, and what practices we’d be better off without.

A. allay

B. formalise

C. knock

D. reexamine

E. pick apart

6. Parabens, which have been used for the __________ part of a century to extend the shelf life of
many hygiene and beauty products.

A. best

B. better

C. good

D. worse

E. early

7. Venture capitalists are ________ millions into trying to change the whole scenario, by developing a
topical probiotic that could be sold as an essential part of an everyday skin-care routine.
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A. expending

B. blowing

C. ingesting

D. counting on

E. pouring

8. At a ____________ level, spending time in the natural world, starting from early childhood, seems
to be one of the best ways to build and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

A. superficial

B. verifiable

C. fundamental

D. congenital

E. celluloid

9. The next six months will almost certainly bring delays in vaccine timelines, fights over vaccine
___________, and questions about how immune the newly vaccinated are and how they should
behave.

A. affinity

B. precedence

C. validity

D. approachability

E. veracity

10. The arrest of a Bareilly Muslim youth, who had ________ with a Hindu woman several months
ago, is facing pointed questions.

A. carried away

B. manifested

C. impeached

D. eloped
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E. exempted

ANSWER

1. (Answer - B. inventories

inventory - the quantity of goods or materials on hand; stock.

invention - creation.

initiative - the ability to assess and initiate things independently.

inaccessibility - the fact of being very difficult or impossible to travel to or to reach.

incessancy - the quality of something that continues without end or interruptions.)

2. (Answer - C. precipitated

precipitated - (an event or situation, typically one that is undesirable) caused to happen suddenly,
unexpectedly, or prematurely.

reaffirm - state again strongly.

acquire - i) buy or obtain (an asset or object) for oneself.

ii) learn or develop (a skill, habit, or quality).

stumble - trip or momentarily lose one's balance; almost fall.

meliorated - improved.)

3. (Answer - C. facilitate

facilitate - make (an action or process) easy or easier.

allocate - distribute (resources or duties) for a particular purpose.

impede - to obstruct or hinder.

extenuate - cause (an offence) to seem less serious.

stifle - to prevent something from happening, being expressed, or continuing.)

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4. (Answer - A. ambiguity

ambiguity - the quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness.

(Antonym - unequivocalness; downrightness)

limpidity - the state or quality of being easily seen through; clarity.

verity - a true principle or belief, especially one of fundamental importance.)

5.[Answer - D. reexamine

reexamine - to review.

allay - reduce; diminish.

formalise - give (something) legal or formal status.

knock - to criticise or find fault.

(Synonym - pick apart)]

6. (Answer - B. better

the better part of (something) -

It's an idiom and it means - the majority of something.)

7. (Answer - E. pouring

Because of the preposition 'into', pouring is the best choice here.

'pour' here means - to supply in large amounts.

expend - to spend.

ingest - take (food, drink, or another substance) into the body by swallowing or absorbing it.

count on - rely on someone or something.)

8. (Answer - C. fundamental

fundamental - forming a necessary base or core; of central importance.

superficial - appearing to be true or real only until examined more closely.

verifiable - able to be checked or demonstrated to be true, accurate, or justified.

 22
congenital - inborn.

celluloid(noun) - a motion-picture film.)

9. (Answer - B. precedence

precedence - priority.

affinity - a natural liking for and understanding of someone or something.

approachability - capable of being approached.

veracity - truthfulness.)

10. (Answer - D. eloped

elope - run away secretly in order to get married.

carry away - to arouse to a high and often excessive degree of emotion or enthusiasm.

manifest - to demonstrate.

impeach - call into question the integrity or validity of (a practice).

exempt - free (a person or organization) from an obligation or liability imposed on others.)

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CHAPTER - 5 WORD SWAP

Directions(1-10): In each of the questions given below, four words are given in bold. These
four words may or may not be in their correct position. The sentence is then followed by
options with the correct combination of words that should replace each other in order to make
the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. Find the correct combination of words
that replace each other. If the sentence is correct as it is, select ‘E’ as your option.

1. Even though the government may have ignored(a) the lockdown of 50 days on(b) security
reasons, independent reports citing(c) human rights cannot be justified(d).

A. Only a-d

B. Only a-c

C. a-b and c-d

D. a-d and b-c

E. No replacement required.

2. After a long and painful period of preparing(a), India promises to devote(b) attention to the issue
of neglect(c) all children for primary schooling(d).

A. Only b-c

B. Both a-d and b-c

C. Only a-c

D. Only a-d

E. No replacement required.

3. The government shall, it says, provide enabling(a) access for three sub-stages of childhood
between ages 0 and 6 to health, nutrition, age-appropriate care, stimulation and early learning(b) in a
protective(c) and universal(d) environment.

A. Only a-b

B. Only a-d
 24
C. Both a-b and c-d

D. Only a-c

E. No replacement required.

4. It is the emerging(a) world that should be particularly concerned at the data on animal populations:
habitat degradation, pollution, and unsustainable robbing(b) of natural resources in the
developing(c) economies are extraction(d) them of biodiversity that is essential for human
well-being.

A. Only a-b

B. Only a-c

C. Both a-c and b-d

D. Only c-d

E. No replacement required.

5. Last year, neighbouring Wayanad saw multiple floods(a) wiped out and the year before, the
devastating hamlets(b) in the State forced a need(c) on the debate(d) for new models of
development.

A. Only b-d

B. Only a-b

C. Both a-b and c-d

D. Only c-d

E. No replacement required.

6. Education, for most of us, is a disruptive(a) public good, central to the task of nation building and,
like fresh air, is necessary to make our communities come alive; it should not be driven(b) solely by
market demand for certain skills, or be distracted(c) by the admittedly necessary(d) impact, for
instance, of Artificial Intelligence.

A. Only c-d
 25
B. Only b-c

C. Both a-c and b-d

D. Only a-d

E. No replacement required.

7. The finding(a) that sustainable development is not possible without sustainability(b) between
men and women is a relatively recent realisation(c) and directly linked to equality(d) issues.

A. Only a-b

B. Both a-c and b-d

C. Both a-d and b-c

D. Only a-c

E. No replacement required.

8. In many challenges(a) of the world, society disregards the lives(b) of women and girls simply
because of their gender, filling their place(c) with needless and often dangerous areas(d).

A. Only a-d

B. Both a-b and c-d

C. Only b-c

D. Both a-d and b-c

E. No replacement required.

9. Any performing(a) institution in a federal and democratic(b) system faces two basic challenges
when it comes to planning(c) a long-term role - a constitutional challenge, and the challenge of
competence(d).

A. Only c-d

B. Only a-c

C. Both a-b and c-d

 26
D. Only a-b

E. No replacement required.

10. The United States government, which funded two teams of scientists to research if the H5N1
influenza virus has the strains(a) to trigger a pandemic, have developed cold feet, after reviewing
descriptions(b) containing detailed papers(c) of the lethal potential(d).

A. Only c-d

B. Both a-b and c-d

C. Both a-d and b-c

D. Only b-c

E. No replacement required.

ANSWER

1. (Answer - D. a-d and b-c

Even though the government may have justified the lockdown of 50 days citing security reasons,
independent reports on human rights cannot be ignored.

cite (verb) - to mention something as proof for a theory or as a reason why something has
happened.)

2. (Answer - C. Only a-c

After a long and painful period of neglect, India promises to devote attention to the issue of
preparing all children for primary schooling.)

neglect is also a noun. It means - the state of something that has been unused and neglected.)

3. (Answer - B. Only a-d

 27
The government shall, it says, provide universal access for three sub-stages of childhood between
ages 0 and 6 to health, nutrition, age-appropriate care, stimulation and early learning in a protective
and enabling environment.

enabling (adjective) - making something possible or easier.)

4. (Answer - C. Both a-c and b-d

It is the developing world that should be particularly concerned at the data on animal populations:
habitat degradation, pollution, and unsustainable extraction of natural resources in the emerging
economies are robbing them of biodiversity that is essential for human well-being.)

rob (someone/something) of (something) - to deprive someone/something of something.)

5. (Answer - C. Both a-b and c-d

Last year too, neighbouring Wayanad saw multiple hamlets wiped out and the year before, the
devastating floods in the State forced a debate on the need for new models of development.

hamlet - a small village.)

6. (Answer - D. Only a-d

Education, for most of us, is a necessary public good central to the task of nation building and, like
fresh air, is necessary to make our communities come alive; it should not be driven solely by market
demand for certain skills, or be distracted by the admittedly disruptive impact, for instance, of
Artificial Intelligence.

disruptive - causing trouble and therefore stopping something from continuing as usual.)

7. (Answer - B. a-c and b-d

The realisation that sustainable development is not possible without equality between men and
women is a relatively recent finding and directly linked to sustainability issues.

finding - information discovered as the result of an inquiry or investigation.

realisation - an act of becoming fully aware of something as a fact.)

8. (Answer - D. Both a-d and b-c

In many areas of the world, society disregards the place of women and girls simply because of their
gender, filling their lives with needless and often dangerous challenges.)
 28

9. (Answer - B. Only a-c

Any planning institution in a federal and democratic system faces two basic challenges when it
comes to performing a long-term role — a constitutional challenge, and the challenge of
competence.

competence - the ability to do something successfully or efficiently.)

10. (Answer - C. Both a-d and b-c

The United States government, which funded two teams of scientists to research if the H5N1
influenza virus has the potential to trigger a pandemic, has developed cold feet — after reviewing
papers containing detailed descriptions of the lethal strains.

strain - In biology, a strain is a genetic variant, a subtype or a culture within a biological species.)
 29

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