1. A 2. C 3 C 4. B 5.

6. C 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A

11. D 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B

16. (a)(i) mass of one mol of magnesium compare to 1/12 19 (a) m1:(86.1 x 103) (1.00 x 10-3) = n x 8.31 x (25+273) [1]
mass of carbon-12 atom. [1] m2 : n = 3.48 x 10-2 mol [1]
(ii) RAM Mg = (24x80) + (25x10) + (26x10) / 80+10+10 [1] m3 : MR = 1.11 / 3.48 x 10-2 ; MR = 31.8 [1]
= 24.3 [1] [Alternative ; m1 : MR = dRT / P [1]
(b)(i) Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 [1] m2 : MR = (1.11 x 103) (8.31) (25 + 273) / 86.1 x 103 [1]
(ii) mol Mg = 3.24 / 24.3 @ 0.1333 mol [1] m3 : MR = 31.9 [1]
V H2 = 0.1333 x 24.4 [1] m4 : Gas = oxygen gas or O2 [1]
= 3.25 dm3 [1] ii. m5 : allotropes = ozone [1]
m6 : formula = O3 [1] + m7 : Lewis [1]
17 (a) sum of the powers to which all reactant concentrations
appearing in the rate law are raised [1]
(b) rate = k [CH3COCH3] [H+] [1]
(c) each graph [1] x 2 [2]
(b)(i) m8 : - Ice has open lattice structure [1]
m9 : Ice occupied larger volume than water [1]
m10 : when ice melt, the hydrogen bond broken [1]
m11 : hence water molecule become closer / distance smaller
(ii) m12 : As T increase, dry ice sublime [1]
m13 : heat is absorbed from the surrounding [1]
(d) (i) 1.24 x 10-3 = k (0.300)(0.025) [1] m14 : surrounding become cool hence act as refrigerant [1]
k = 0.165 mol-3 dm3 s-1 [1] m15 : water vapour from surrounding condensed and form a
(ii) x = (0.165) (0.400) (0.060) [1] white fog of water vapour which give the smoky effect [1]
= 0.00396 mol dm3 s-1 [1]
20 (a) m1 : system reaches equilibrium while the reaction is
18. (a) m1 : Be and Ba are metals [1] still ongoing [1]
m2 : hold by strong metallic bonds [1] m2 : at the rate of forward reaction = rate of backward
m3 : since Me has smaller metallic / atomic radius therefore reaction [1]
stronger metallic bond [1] (b) m3 : heterogeneous catalyst [1]
(b) (i) m4 , m5 : Lewis structure [1] x 2 [2] m4 : since Fe is a solid and will not involve / disturb the
system at equilibrium [1]
(c) m5 : Kc = [NH3]2 / [N2] x [H2]3 [1]
m6 : as V of vessel is halved ; P is doubled / increased [1]
m7 : equilibrium shift to direction less total mol of gas [1]
(ii) m6 : BeCl2 is an insulator while BaCl2 is conductor [1]
m8 : equilibrium shift to the right [1]
m7 : since BeCl2 do not have free moving ion [1]
m8 : while BaCl2 forms free moving ion in molten state [1] (d) m9 : Expressed Vant Hoff eq : ln K = –H/ RT + C [1]
(iii) m9 : BeCl2 has lower melting point since it is a simple m10 : express table of ln K and 1/T [1]
covalent molecule [1] 1/T 0.00143 0.0025 0.00167 0.00125
m10 : hold by weak Van Der Waals forces [1] ln K -1.22 8.28 1.51 -3.23
m11 : BaCl2 has higher melting point as it is hold by giant m11-13 : Plot graph – Axis [1] ; Plotting [1] ; Linear [1] [3]
ionic crystal lattice [1] 10
m12 : which has strong electrostatic attraction forces between
8
the ions [1]
(c) m13 : Draw monomer of AlCl3 m14 draw dimer Al2Cl6 6
m15 : label dative bond and covalent bond [3]
Monomer of AlCl3 Dimer of Al2Cl6 4

0
0.001 0.00125 0.0015 0.00175 0.002 0.00225 0.0025
-2

-4

m14 : Gradient = (8.28 – (-1.22) / (0.0025–0.00143) @ 8879