EST - katoat Saghna Data Engineering | BUSINESS in THEORY WARM UP ‘1 What do these abbreviations stand for? Scan the text and find out It you are correct. Information technology plays a primary role in industry and business today. The incredible changes and developments in the management and processing of information have brought about advances 1 cap in all areas, from design and production 3 oe to distribution and sales. IT has allowed companies to build up a competitive 4ciM ; teen advantage, increase their efficiency and GE: speed, cut costs and develop strategic planning. COMPUTER-AIDED TECHNOLOGIES ‘Computer-aided technotogies is a term used to indicate the use of computer technology to assist with the ideation, design, analysis and manufacturing of products. Two of the most wall-krown applications are CAD and CAM. although there are many others including CAE (computer-aided engineering) and CIM (computer-intearated manufacturing). CCAD, short for computer-aided design, creates 2D drawings and 3D models and is used, for example, by designers, architects and enginge's. The software allows tthe user to rotate the model in any direction and to edit and instantly make ‘changes to the design. It is widoly omployed in the automotive and aerospace industries, as well as architectural design. ‘CAM stands for computer-aided manufacturing and refers to computer applications which control the machine tools used to produce high-quality parts. Its benefits include precise contro, a more efficient and faster production process and less waste of raw materials. Information Technology RFID TECHNOLOGY RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification and it sa versatile technology for identifying tracking and auditing items. ‘The two components of a RFID systam are tags and readers. Tags are the very tiny, data- carrying transponders which ate attached to.an item. Those tags can be solf-adhosivo, heat and water resistant, embedded on ‘credit cards, wrist bands or keyrings. Readers are the devices used for the callection of the data and can be connected toa computer of POS terminal, for example. ‘These readers collect the data without direct contact with the tag:it is suficient for it tobe within a certain distance. n addition, ‘multipe tags can be read at the same time, unlike barcodes which have to be read one ata time. This fast, contact-less reading of data increases speed and efficiency, keeping costs lower and providing accurate, real- time information. The appitcatians for this techndloay are multiple and include ticket systems for public transport, motorway toll ‘payment systems, manufacturing process ‘checks, disibution chain, stock and inventory control and security and safety inspections. READING COMPREHENSION 2 Read the texts and answer these questions. 1. What benefits has IT brought to businesses and industry? 2 How does CAD software help a designer? 3 In what ways does CAM assist the manufacturing process? Why? 4 What are the two essential elements for a RFID system? 5 What advantages does RFID technology have over traditional barcodes? 6 In what areas is the use of QR codes common today?BUSINESS in THEORY a The Internet of Tings, elInternet of Things ozs: the integration ofthe physical world with Should you worry if your jeans go smart? ther word of Internet. Objects such 3s your car, house, hat if hose new jeans you've just bought start tweeting abot your location cote. fidget any as you cross London Bridge? It sounds bizarre, but it’s possible —if they are ae eee wth important enuipoed with a tiny RFID device, your location could be revealed without you Spear imbertn knowing about it. This technologyis just one of the current ways ofallowing physical can be connected to objects to go online —the so-called Internet of Things*. ‘the Internet through remote, contact-less ‘Those in favour of the IoT clam that interconnectivity would allow us to locate and {eit $n monitor everything, everywhere and at any time. Imagine a smart building where you knowhow many people are inside just by detecting movement with motion-sensitive lights This could help save lives in an emergency. But as more objects become part of the digital world, there is growing debate over the benefits of smart technology versus the lack of privacy. To what extent can surveillance cf people be accepted? Which panciples should govern the use of the IoT? The Europe Commission, for example, has established a framework to safeguard consumer privacy as industries develop this technology further Within the retail industry, a number of stores have started using RFID tags to check and treck stock more easily. However, some people are worried that the RFID reader being used by a shop employes to check the number of pairs of jeans could also read the data on a customer's driving licence, for example, ifit contained a RFID chip This could then lead to identity theft If the tagis not removed t the checkout, the item could be tracked on the street Once the tag is thrown away, it can still be scanned, allowing someone to get an idea of your shopping habits Supporters of the IoT point out that in our already digital and high-tech society your mobile phone operator and bank know much more about your life than your partner does anditis certainly more critical information than the type of jeans you wear. READING COMPREHENSION 4 Read the text and decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F). If there Is not enough Information, choose ‘doesn’t say’ (DS). T F os 1. You are always aware that RFID tags are communicating your location. O@oeo 2 The intemet of Things means everyday objects and items can be connected tothe Internet) 3 There are more people in favour of the loT than against it. Cee 4 The European Commission is against the development of RFID technology. a 5 if someone has a document with an RFID chip. they could be atrisk of identity theft, =} ) 6 Because of digital technology, many companies already holla lot of private important information about us. Ce SPEAKING 'S Discuss these questions In small groups. 1 is the Internat of Things a positive or negative technological development? Why? 2 Can you think of examples (e.g. a situation or a specific object) where it could cause problems/be useful? 3 Do you think the issue of privacy is important? 4 Some schools in Texas, USA. introduced RFID chips in student badges. What Is your opinion on this? 5 How do you see the future of the Internet of Things? Acrivities