Baguio City National High School – Senior High School

First Semester, SY 2023-2024

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics (UCSP)
Quarter 1: Module 2: Concepts, Aspects and Changes in Culture and Society
MELC: *Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and society.

Activity 1 #situation-analysis
Analyze each situation. Identify the features of culture described in each
statement. In addition, the jumbled letters on the right will be your guide in
identifying these characteristics.

Evangelista family was known for their

religiosity. Francis, the youngest of the Culture is
family, learned how to pray the Holy 1. _
Rosary and the “Oracion” at the age of
10. According to him, his grandparents
were the ones who taught him the proper
E L EAD R N
way of praying.

Marco didn’t know how to speak

Tagalog well, not until he met his new Culture is
circle of friends. They were speaking the 2.
said language. His usual interactions and
bonding with them made him well S LO A C I
versed in such language, making him a
good communicator in Filipino.

Karlo and Andrea used to celebrate

birthdays, Valentines, Christmas, and Culture is
New Year together. These celebrations 3. _
had been part of their life as
sweethearts, making their life satisfied
and ideal.
G R AG I N T IFY

The way Filipinos celebrate New Year

is truly different from the way Chinese Culture has
conduct the same event. Pinoys have it
every end of December, while Chinese 4. _
hold it by the month of February. In this
manner, the two races are observing V Y AT R E I
different beliefs, practices, and
traditions.

A gay fashion designer, Roberta,

migrated in the U.S.A since 2001. This
Culture is
year, he visited his former employer in
the Philippines to be the guest speaker 5. _
1 CO_Q1_UCSP SHS
of an event. Roberta was able to
introduce new fashion techniques he S D H E A R Module 2
had learned from the States.
 Mrs. Isabella owned a famous
restaurant in their hometown. Its Culture is
bestsellers were the unique recipes of 7. _
bulalo and kare-kare. According to her,
their family managed to run the
business despite all the challenges. In
COUSNTIUTON
fact, she inherited the business from her
great grandmother.

CULTURE and SOCIETY as a COMPLEX WHOLE

Edward Tylor, one of the founders of modern
anthropology, characterize culture as a “complex whole”
which encompasses beliefs, practices, traits, values,
Anselmo is a proud grandfather
to his 12 grandchildren. He attitudes,
oftenlaws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge and
shared his childhood experiences with that a person learns and shares as a member
everything
them including stories during of the
the society.
old 1 Culture is
times. He also demonstrated Filipino 6. _
values
In such
this part as saying “po & opo”,
of your The “complex whole” above suggests that culture
pagmamano,
journey, etc. All these traits
we provide cannotwere TRNASMIEDTT
be simply broken down into a set of characteristics.
being transferred
something for you to to and practiced
It means by that an understanding of a part can only be
his grandchildren
deepen your . achieved in relation to other parts of the system. This
understanding requires an approach where all at once, one can get an
about culture. appreciation of what culture is all about without being
bothered by its complexity or by any definition that
Please continue
reading with attempts to capture such complexity.
comprehension as you
discover further A society cannot exist apart from culture. A society
knowledge that will may refer to group of people that follows or shares same
help you out in your cultures. People, as members of the society, possess,
quest on the remaining
produce and also transmit culture but they cannot
phases of this lesson.
consider themselves as culture. No culture can exist
HAPPY READING! without social interaction in society; meanwhile, society
cannot exist in the absence of people who have learned to
live and work together.
1 G.M. Lanuaza and S.S.Raymundo, Understanding Culture, Society,
and Politics Manila: Rex Boolstore, 2016, 7-12.

2 CO_Q1_UCSP SHS
Module 2
 CHARACTERISTICS of CULTURE
1. Culture is social because it is the product of behavior.
 Culture does not exist in isolation. It is a product
of society. It develops through social interaction.
No man can acquire culture without association
with others.

IN FOCUS

In this part of your

journey, we provide 2. Culture varies from society to society.
something for you to  Every society has a culture of its own that differs
deepen your
from other societies. The culture of every society
understanding
is unique by itself. Cultures are not uniform.
about culture.
Cultural elements like customs, traditions, morals,
Please continue values, and beliefs are not constant.
reading with
comprehension as you
discover further
knowledge that will
help you out in your
quest on the
remaining phases of
this lesson.

HAPPY READING!
3. Culture is shared.
 Culture is not something that an individual alone
can possess. Culture, in sociological sense, is
shared. For example, people of a society share all
customs, traditions, beliefs, ideas, values, morals,
etc.

4. Culture is learned.
 Culture is not inborn. It is learned. Unlearned behavior then, is not culture.
Shaking hands, saying thanks, etc. are cultural behaviors. Not all behaviors
are learned, but most of these can be. Combing hair, standing in line, telling

3 CO_Q1_UCSP SHS
Module 2
 jokes, criticizing the president, and going to movies all constitute behaviors
that need to be learned.

5. Culture is transmitted among members of society.

 Cultural ways are learned by people from others. Many of these ways are
handed down from elders, parents, teachers, and others (most likely
individuals of older generation), while other cultural behaviors are handed
up to elders. Transmission of culture is made possible by language.
Language is the main vehicle of culture. Transmission of culture may take
place also through imitation as well as through instruction.

6. Culture is continuous and cumulative.

 Culture exists as a continuous process. In its historical growth, it tends to
become cumulative. Ralph Linton called culture “the social heritage” of man.
No culture ever remains constant or permanent. It is subject to slow but
constant variation. Likewise, culture is responsive to the changing conditions
of the physical world; hence, it is dynamic.

7. Culture is gratifying and idealistic.

 Culture provides proper opportunities for the satisfaction of our needs and
desires. Our needs, both biological and social, are fulfilled in cultural ways.
Culture consists of the intellectual, artistic, and social ideals, and institutions
where members of the society profess and strive to confirm.

2 G.M.Lanuaza and S.S.Raymundo, Understanding

Culture, Society, and Politics Manila: Rex Bookstore,
2016, 7-12.