November 2023

Future of
Work Report
AI at Work
Table of contents:
Executive summary 3

Professionals are increasingly exploring and applying to AI-related roles 5

Generative artificial intelligence in the workforce: Bringing opportunities across

education, generations, genders, and industries 11

Executives and employees express excitement, anxiousness about AI 18

How LinkedIn can help 23

Methodology and credits 30

Executive summary
Professionals and business leaders around the world are asking how to knowledge and insights. Plus, companies are investing in AI talent; the
artificial intelligence (AI) may change work, and they’re coming to LinkedIn number of companies with a “Head of AI” position has grown by double-digits
to deepen their understanding and share what they’re learning. That’s why since December 2022.
we’re releasing our second Future of Work Report: AI at Work, which this
report builds on our first report released in August 2023. It is designed to be a GAI by education, generation, and gender: We are in a period of rapid and
resource for professionals and business leaders who want to understand how continuous change in the skills required to perform our jobs. Insights from
AI is evolving and how it will impact them, their businesses, and careers. LinkedIn’s Economic Graph Research Institute suggest that more than half
of LinkedIn members hold jobs that stand to be disrupted or augmented by
This report is grounded in our world-class labor market insights, pulled from AI, and the skill sets required for our jobs will change by up to 65% by 2030.
the one billion professionals and 67 million companies on our platform. What’s more, professionals with advanced degrees, Gen Z, and women stand
Here are the three main takeaways from the report. to see their jobs change faster than other professionals. We believe that AI
has the potential to help reset and rebuild systems across education and
Professionals’ conversations and sentiments towards AI: Over the past
employment so that workers are more equitably prepared for the workforce
year, AI has rapidly become a part of the cultural and business zeitgeist.
and more objectively matched with and evaluated for opportunity.
On LinkedIn, we’ve seen conversations around AI increase by 70% and
have also observed substantial increases in terms like “ChatGPT,” “Prompt LinkedIn’s AI-assisted products will create more value for members
Engineering,” “Prompt Crafting,” “Microsoft Copilot,” and “Generative and customers: While AI has long been embedded in our products and
Artificial Intelligence” on member profiles globally. Sentiment around platform, we’re continuing to build new ways to bring the power of GAI to
generative AI (GAI) is largely optimistic, with 74% of executives believing that serve professionals in this rapidly changing environment. We’re helping make
GAI will benefit their employees, and 47% of professionals globally believing recruiters’ jobs easier with AI-assisted job descriptions and our new AI-assisted
that AI will help them move their careers forward by providing faster access Recruiter 2024. The same is true for job seekers; we want to be more helpful

3
during the job-seeking process. We are testing new AI-powered insights and
recommendations for Premium subscribers to help them gain the knowledge,
skills, and insight to land the right job more easily and efficiently. At LinkedIn,
we are building products that help professionals and businesses reap the
benefits of AI and create new economic opportunities for every member of the
global workforce.
As AI evolves the workforce, we will provide regular data updates and
thoughtful perspectives on how AI and AI-powered technologies, such as
Copilot for Microsoft 365, are growing across the world of work and how jobs
will no longer only be defined by titles but by a collection of skills and tasks. As
the world’s largest professional network, LinkedIn is in a unique position to help
the world’s professionals take advantage of the opportunity to not only shape
this new era but benefit from it.

4
Professionals are increasingly
exploring and applying to
AI-related roles

5
In this second report, we examined global data on our platform from December Global conversations on AI are being driven by:
2022 to September 2023. Conversations around AI on LinkedIn have
increased by 70% globally since GAI sparked in popularity. This is significant, Gender:1
particularly when compared to other recent seminal tech moments, like the
peak of conversations around cryptocurrency in November 2021 (which saw Men: 58%
a 19% increase) and augmented and virtual reality, which experienced a 5% Women: 31%
increase when it first peaked in October 2021. While AI and GAI technologies Other / Unknown: 11%
remain novel for many, these conversations are top of mind across genders,
generations, occupations, and industries. Generations:
Millennials: 45%
Glossary GenZ: 26%
GenX: 21%
• AI Talent: Members who are employed in an AI-related job or with 4%
Boomers:
at least one AI skill.

• AI Skills: There are 41,000 skills in LinkedIn’s skills taxonomy, Top Industries:
with 121 considered AI skills, including machine learning, natural
language processing, and deep learning. Professional services: 29%
Tech: 17%
• AI Jobs and AI-Related Jobs: Jobs that have AI or Machine Education: 9%
Learning in their job title and/or as part of their required skills.
In this report, we use the term “AI jobs” to refer to technical jobs
(e.g. Machine Learning Engineer). “AI-related jobs” refer to Occupations:
non-technical jobs (e.g. Salesperson who knows how to use AI Executives: 18%
products) that have AI in their title or ask for AI skills. Engineers: 15%
• AI-Literacy: Having an understanding of how to leverage AI tools
for business purposes. 1. While we acknowledge that gender is a spectrum, due to data limitations we restrict our analysis
to the binary classification of men and women. 6
At the same time that AI conversations are spiking on the
platform, we’re also seeing member interest in AI jobs Views of AI and AI-related jobs are on the rise
increase. From December 2022 to September 2023,
views for AI and AI-related jobs — those jobs that have 25%
AI or Machine Learning in their titles and/or require AI
Skills — increased by 12% across seven major economies
(Australia, Brazil, France, Germany, India, the United 20% 21%
19%
Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US)). Applications 18%
to AI and AI-related job postings have seen similar growth,

Share of growth
15% 16%
up 11% globally during the same time period. Interest is 15%
12%
14%
particularly high in the US, where views and applications
of AI jobs increased by 21% and 19%, respectively, since 10%
12% 12% 11%
10%
December 2022.
7%
6% 6%
5% 5%
4%

0%
United Brazil United Australia France Germany India
States Kingdom
Countries

Growth in share of AI job views Growth in share of AI job applications

Average Average

Source: LinkedIn Economic Graph Research Institute

7
Now that we’ve looked at how interest in AI is rising, we turn our analysis to
the availability of AI jobs on LinkedIn. Currently, 17 out of every 1,000 LinkedIn
members who are employed in an AI job or who have at least one AI skill are
considered AI talent. We believe that number will continue to climb as companies
integrate AI jobs into their organizations. AI jobs are becoming more common. Since Jan 2023 there has been a 60% month-over-month
Since November 2022, English-language job postings mentioning GPT or increase in GAI and GAI-product mentions on LinkedIn
including GAI products, such as Copilot for Microsoft 365.
ChatGPT have increased 21X.

LinkedIn job posts that mention AI or GAI have seen 17%

greater application growth over the past two years than
Joseph Baker . 3rd

Generative Artificial Intelligence

Message

job posts with no such mentions. Natalie Eliott . 3rd

ChatGPT, Prompt Crafting

Message

Source: LinkedIn 2023 Global Talent Trends

8
Top industries demanding AI-related roles since December 2022 Professional Services, Finance, and Manufacturing were the industries with the
greatest demand for talent with AI skill and AI-literacy across the seven countries
Country Industry
we analyzed.
Australia 1. Professional Services
2. Administrative and Support Services Companies are looking to hire professionals with AI skills across both technical
3. Government Administration
4. Manufacturing and non-technical roles. Although demand for AI skills in technical roles like
5. Retail
Software Engineer, Data Scientist, and Machine Learning Engineer has steadily
Brazil 1. Professional Services
risen since December 2022, companies are increasingly looking to integrate
2. Technology, Information, and Media
3. Administrative and Support Services professionals with AI literacy into non-technical roles like Supply Chain Specialist,
4. Manufacturing
5. Financial Services Sustainability Manager, and Sales Manager. The diffusion of AI talent and skills
France 1. Professional Services across global economies will continue to increase as more companies embrace
2. Administrative and Support Services
3. Manufacturing AI across their workflows.
4. Financial Services
5. Government Administration While many AI jobs require AI skills like Machine Learning, Deep Learning,
Germany 1. Professional Services and Data Structures, most of those roles require a mix of AI and non-AI skills
2. Administrative and Support Services
3. Manufacturing (people and digital skills). People skills include communication, leadership, and
4. Technology, Information, and Media
5. Financial Services organizational skills. In some non-English-speaking countries, English proficiency
India 1. Professional Services is a key skill to perform AI and/or AI-related jobs. However, as AI skills continue to
2. Technology, Information, and Media diffuse across non-English speaking countries, we could see an increase in new
3. Financial Services
4. Administrative and Support Services AI-powered tools and technologies.
5. Manufacturing

UK 1. Administrative and Support Services

2. Professional Services
3. Technology, Information, and Media Balancing AI skills with people skills is critical to career growth. Tech
4. Manufacturing professionals who have developed one or more of these people skills —
5. Financial Services
communication, teamwork, problem-solving, or leadership — in addition
US 1. Professional Services
2. Administrative and Support Services to hard skills get promoted more than 13% faster than employees who
3. Retail only have hard skills.
4. Manufacturing
5. Technology, Information, and Media

Source: LinkedIn Economic Graph Research Institute 9

Most in-demand skills in AI and AI-related job postings since December 2022 The need for people skills to complement AI skills indicates that while
professionals need to learn AI skills, continuing to hone people skills should
Country Non-AI Skills (People and Digital) AI Skills also be a priority. As jobs change with the incorporation of AI and become a
collection of skills and tasks, workers will be more productive and spend less
Australia time on repetitive tasks, making unique people skills like leadership and creativity
even more valuable. If professionals combine AI skills with people skills, they will
stay competitive in a job market that will increasingly value skills that AI cannot
reproduce.
Brazil

Globally, the number of companies with

a “Head of AI” position has more than
France tripled in the past 5 years, and has grown
by 13% since December 2022.

Germany

India

“
Historically, jobs were defined by titles. But the smart companies are realizing
UK they need to start defining jobs as a collection of skills and tasks, not simply titles.
Then start thinking about how those tasks are going to change as AI continues to

”
advance, and then what new skills we require to succeed.

US Ryan Roslansky, CEO, LinkedIn

Talent Connect, October 3, 2023

10
Generative artificial intelligence in
the workforce: Bringing opportunities
across education levels, generations,
genders, and industries

11
As seen on LinkedIn, we’ve entered a period of rapid and continuous change GAI’s expected effect on LinkedIn members’ skills, globally
from jobs defined by titles to jobs defined by a collection of skills and tasks.
Augmented
Insights from LinkedIn’s Economic Graph Research Institute suggest that today, 8%
55% of LinkedIn members globally stand to be disrupted or augmented by
GAI, and the skill sets required for our jobs will change by an average of 65%
by 2030. For example, a customer service representative may be required to
understand how to use AI tools to quickly draft responses to customer inquiries, Insulated
45%
freeing up time for other important tasks.

Disrupted
47%

Glossary
Augmented: These jobs’ core skills include a large share of both skills
that can be replicated by GAI and people skills. For example, data Source: LinkedIn Economic Graph Research Institute

analysts automate the computation and interpretation of metrics with

GAI, enabling them to focus their time on people skills, such as cross- While we know that across the global economy, more than half (55%) of
functional engagement and stakeholder management. LinkedIn members’ jobs will be changed to some degree by the rise of GAI,
we also know that some professionals will be impacted more significantly
Disrupted: These jobs’ core skills include a large share of skills that than others.
can be replicated by GAI and a relatively low share of people skills. For

“
example, language translators’ skills shift from doing translations from Technological inflection points, such as the one we are currently experiencing
scratch to reviewing and certifying machine-generated translations or with GAI, often result in widespread adoption and impact across entire
specializing in specific legal or literary domains. economies over time. Until new jobs directly related to these emerging
technologies arise, the most immediate impact will likely be on transforming

”
Insulated: These jobs have a relatively small proportion of skills that roles that will continue to exist but must evolve with AI in mind.
GAI can replicate in their core skills. For example, real estate agents
might utilize GAI to write a listing’s description, but their core relationship Karin Kimbrough, LinkedIn’s Chief Economist
management skills would be insulated from GAI.
12
GAI across education Professionals with bachelor’s and graduate degrees will be most
disrupted by GAI
In the past, having a degree was sufficient to carry a professional through their
career, but that is no longer the case. As new GAI-powered technologies are
introduced and required skills change rapidly, professionals must continuously
update their skills throughout their careers. Globally, professionals with
Associate Degree
bachelor’s and graduate degrees stand to see a slightly greater level of
disruption (55% and 52%, respectively) than professionals with high school

Global Exposure Education

diplomas and associate degrees (50% and 47%, respectively), which suggest Bachelors Degree
that they may face relatively more urgency to adapt their skills by adopting AI
tools. This doesn’t mean that an advanced degree will no longer have value,
but developing AI literacy ultimately benefit all professionals and create new Graduate Degree
pathways to opportunities.
High School
Diploma or less

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Share of Exposure

Augmented Disrupted Insulated

Source: LinkedIn Economic Graph Research Institute

13
GAI across generations Gen Z, Millennials are most likely to see their jobs disrupted by GAI

LinkedIn research suggests that the initial rise of AI will impact generations of
professionals differently, and Gen Z is the most likely to see some tasks in their
60%
jobs disrupted by AI. This is likely because many of the skills that currently can
be replicated by GAI technologies — examples include administrative tasks
like note-taking, summarizing meetings, scheduling, and research — are often

Share of Exposure
40%
tasks that fall to professionals in the earlier stages of their careers.
While Gen Z professionals might expect to see the most disruption in their
jobs relative to other generations, as digital natives, they’re the generation 20%
closest to being AI literate. Gen Z’s comfort with technology and ability to
quickly adopt new tools will likely outweigh much of the higher impact they
face early in their careers. The rise of AI will likely make them more productive, 0%
enable them to develop essential people skills, and reduce time spent on Augmented Disrupted Insulated
administrative tasks — allowing them to spend time on more meaningful Global Exposure by Generation
work that will help them advance their careers.
1946 -1964 (Boomers) 1965- 1980 (Gen X) 1981 -1996 (Millennials) 1997- 2012 (Gen Z)

Sums may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

Source: LinkedIn Economic Graph Research Institute

14
GAI and gender Women are more likely to see their jobs disrupted by AI, according
to LinkedIn
More than half of women (55%) and men (54%) around the world will see their
50%
jobs disrupted or augmented by GAI. While the impact on women is slightly
higher, this is likely because women are overrepresented in occupations that
40%
currently rely more intensively on skills that can be partially replicated by some
GAI technologies, like Medical Administrative Assistant, Office Manager, and

Share of Exposure
Legal Assistant. 30%

As demand for AI skills and AI-literacy rises, demand for people skills is rising
20%
alongside it. Skills like communication and flexibility will become even more
valuable as AI becomes more embedded in our workflows. A recent survey
found that 92% of US professionals agree that people skills are more important 10%
than ever. This creates a particular moment of opportunity for women; research
shows that women tend to excel in people skills like communication, empathy, 0%
organizational awareness, and technical skills. As companies increasingly look Augmented Disrupted Insulated

for talent who can combine people skills with AI literacy and AI tools, it is likely Global Exposure by Gender

that more opportunities for women may become available. Female Male

Sums may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

Source: LinkedIn Economic Graph Research Institute

“ We all used to see career paths as linear, and are now recognizing that they
can also be a squiggly line filled with pivots. AI is only going to accelerate

”
this trend.
Ryan Roslansky, CEO, LinkedIn
Redefining Work, August 15, 2023
15

15
GAI across industries
In contrast to other recent technologies, like augmented and virtual reality
and blockchain, the transformative effect of GAI on the workforce is likely to
penetrate well beyond the technology industry. We’re already seeing most
industries hire AI-specialized talents, and we expect that as the power of AI
and GAI products like Copilot for Microsoft 365 and others continue to spread,
every industry will begin to integrate AI skills into their respective workforces.
“ The transformative effect of GAI on the workforce will have been seen
far beyond the Technology industry alone. Nearly every industry will be
impacted to some degree - most notably Retail, Wholesale, Financial
Services and Professional Services. As professionals continue to acquire AI
LinkedIn data suggests that, globally, professionals in Technology, Information, skills that will become increasingly transferable, this will open the doors
of professional mobility and accelerate the trend of professionals’ pivoting

”
and Media (71%), Retail (71%), Wholesale (68%), Financial Services (66%),
roles and industries.
and Professional Services (64%) are the most likely to see their roles disrupted Karin Kimbrough, LinkedIn’s Chief Economist
or augmented by GAI. Therefore, professionals in these industries are likely to
lead the adoption of AI literacy and hone their people skills.
One of the positives of the widespread adoption of GAI products across
industries is that it may create the potential for greater job mobility for
professionals across a wider array of industries. Professionals who embrace
AI-literacy will find that their knowledge and skills will become more
transferable, accelerating a trend that we’re already seeing of professionals
pivoting roles.

55% of LinkedIn members globally stand to see their jobs change

to some degree by the rise GAI.

16
 GAI’s expected effect on LinkedIn members’ skills by industry, globally
Accommodation and 

Food Services 
Administrative and 

Support Services 

Construction 


Consumer Services 

3%
Education 


Entertainment Providers 
Global Exposure by Industry



Financial Services 


Government 

Administration 
Hospitals and 

Health Care 

Manufacturing 


Oil, Gas, and Mining 


Professional Services 

Real Estate and 

Equipment Rental 

Retail 

Technology, Information 

and Media 
Transportation, Logistics, 

and Supply Chain 

Utilities 


Wholesale 


0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Share of Exposure
Augmented Disrupted Insulated
Source: LinkedIn Economic Graph Research Institute 17
Executives and employees
express excitement, unease
about AI

18
As more AI-assisted technologies — like Microsoft Copilot for Dynamics 365, Generations: Workforce sentiment towards AI
a suite of AI-powered business applications that help organizations optimize
their operations, sales, customer service, and marketing — become available, The increase in conversation around AI has introduced a variety of attitudes
executives are realizing their benefits and use cases in their businesses. As of and expectations, and there are striking differences when we break down
September 2023, 74% of US executives see at least one way GAI will benefit these sentiments by generation. Notably, excitement for AI is particularly high
their employees, according to the LinkedIn Executive Confidence Index. among Gen Zs and Millennials, who believe AI will help them progress in
their careers.

A recent LinkedIn survey revealed that 52% of Millennials and 48%

The #1 way US execs think GAI will benefit employees of Gen Z globally believe that AI will help move their career forward
will be to “remove boring, repetitive tasks” with “increase by providing faster access to knowledge and insights, which will help
productivity” as a close #2. them be more confident at work.

New data from the Microsoft Work Trend Index shows the
52%
of Millennials
48%
of Gen Z
productivity gains from generative AI tools like Microsoft
Copilot are real. Early users of Copilot for Microsoft 365
who’ve tried Copilot don’t want to go back to working
without it: 77% said they don’t want to give it up. Another
study showed that overall, [Copilot] users were 29% faster in
a series of tasks like searching, writing, and summarizing.

19
Gen Zs and Millennials feel more confident about AI helping move their
career forward and are more likely to engage in conversations about how
it will impact their jobs. The excitement and interest in AI among Gen Z is
uplifting when we consider that they face higher exposure to disruption from
AI-assisted technologies.

Country Gen Z are X times more likely than Gen X to want to learn AI skills

UK 2.0x

India 1.3x

Canada 1.3x

Australia 1.2x

US 1.1x

Italy 1.1x

Brazil 0.9x

Spain 0.8x

“
Source: LinkedIn Market Research - Workforce Confidence Index (WCI) survey, June 2023
We’re also going to start to see employers become educators, ‘training to hire’ into
ever-changing jobs through onboardings, apprenticeships and academies, as well
Despite reporting a high level of interest in learning AI skills relative to other as ‘training to promote’ into ever-changing roles through upskilling and tours of duty

”
generations, Gen Z professionals report receiving less training and resources that take employees into new functions and perhaps even new careers.
on AI than their more senior counterparts. Taking steps now to experiment Ryan Roslansky, CEO, LinkedIn
with AI and acquire new skills will likely serve Gen Z professionals and Redefining Work, August 15, 2023
20
companies well, as AI becomes increasingly embedded in the fabric of
the workforce. 20
Gender: Workforce sentiment towards AI
Globally, both men and women feel equally overwhelmed (39%) by the
amount of change AI may bring to their jobs in the future, and amid these
feelings, two-thirds of professionals believe that AI will change the way they
work within the next year. 34% 40%
of women globally of men globally
But, according to a recent LinkedIn survey, women report less experience,
awareness, and overall interest in AI than their male counterparts. Globally,
men are more likely than women to be interested in learning AI skills.
In addition, there’s also a mismatch in the pressure to adopt AI skills. Nearly
two-thirds (64%) of men in the US reported being worried that they should
know more about AI than they currently do, compared to just 45% of
US women.

40% of men globally say they’ve started experimenting with AI tools,

while only 34% of women globally say the same.

In the US, 52% of men say they’ve begun experimenting with AI tools,
compared to 31% of women.

21
 Country Men are X times more likely than women to want to learn AI skills

Italy 1.8x

UK 1.8x

Spain 1.7x

Brazil 1.6x

France 1.6x

Canada 1.5x

Netherlands 1.5x

US 1.5x

Germany 1.4x

Australia 1.4x

Japan 1.3x

India 1.1x

Source: LinkedIn Market Research - Workforce Confidence Index (WCI) survey, June 2023

This mix of emotions towards AI creates many opportunities for employers to

focus on providing equitable access to AI-literacy resources and ensuring that
all of their employees are developing the right skills (both people and AI skills)
to navigate the changes that are already shaping the future of work.

22
How LinkedIn
can help

23
Professionals, hiring managers, and B2B customers
can all leverage LinkedIn’s new GAI tools

Over the past 20 years, we’ve continued to evolve LinkedIn to meet the needs of
our 1 billion professionals and 67 million companies on our platform and in the
constantly changing workplace landscape.
We’re now navigating through another moment of change, where GAI has
the potential to boost global economies, create completely new roles, and
transform our jobs and how we do them. With the skills required to perform our
jobs changing, it’s our duty to equip professionals with the tools and knowledge
they need to begin exploring and embracing these new technologies in their
day-to-day jobs.

24
AI is at our center of product development While AI is not new for us, we’re reimagining our member and customer
products with the power of GAI to:
At LinkedIn, AI is already built into our platform and the products our members
and customers use. Our efforts are grounded in our Responsible AI Principles —
fairness, inclusion, trust, transparency, accountability, and economic opportunity
• Help them more effectively connect to opportunities
— and in alignment with Microsoft Responsible AI Standard: they guide our work
and how we build AI into every one of our products. • Showcase their expertise and skills
• Gain access to the knowledge they need to do their
jobs
• Find the right match between hirers and job seekers
• Save time and increase productivity

“ For our engineering teams, artificial intelligence (AI) is like oxygen - it powers
every product we build and every experience we deliver ... At the same time, • Connect buyers and sellers faster
our approach to using AI is the same approach we take to any other new tool or
technology, we start by going back to our mission and vision. This guides us in the
tools and technologies we build, with a focus on delivering value to our members

”
and customers.
Mohak Shroff, Senior Vice President of Engineering, LinkedIn Whether you’re a professional looking to learn more about how you can
AI @ LinkedIn - It’s All About Foundations, use AI in your current role, a job seeker looking for your next play, a recruiter
March 8, 2023 looking to discover and connect with the world’s best talent or a B2B
professional trying to reach and engage with new audiences, LinkedIn is
developing and releasing GAI tools that can help you do your best work.

25
Here is how LinkedIn is leveraging GAI for our
members and customers:
For hirers:
For talent acquisition leaders, finding qualified candidates fast is the top
priority. But getting to that perfect candidate is time-consuming and hard —
it can require hours of Boolean searches, emails, and follow-up messages.
We know that AI can help with some of these tasks. 80% of global HR
professionals believe that AI will be a tool to help them with their work over
the next five years.
That’s why we’re beginning to roll out Recruiter 2024, our new AI-assisted
recruiting experience that will make hiring easier and more efficient so talent
leaders can focus on the most strategic, people-centric work for their jobs.
And with the skills required to do our jobs expected to change by a
staggering 65% by 2030, we’re helping organizations give their teams
access to expert knowledge to develop skills that matter with AI-powered
coaching in LinkedIn Learning. This new feature will provide both real-time
advice and tailored content recommendations personalized to each learner
based on their job title, career goal, and the skills they follow.

26
For marketers and sellers:
For B2B marketers, creating campaigns that reach and influence the right For sales professionals, GAI can enable new ways of working that heighten
buying committee is no easy task, especially when resources are tight. And the importance of people-centric skills, helping to make B2B selling more
creating campaigns can often take hours, from developing creatives to human than ever before. We’re reimagining how sellers can use Sales
determining targeting, placement and bidding strategies. We know that 84% Navigator with a pilot of two new GAI features – AI-assisted search and
of marketers believe artificial intelligence (AI) will support them with their work, Account IQ – that make account research and lead prospecting more
and saving time in the campaign creation process is a great place to start. effective. With AI-assisted search, which includes a new GAI interface that
enables sellers to use our existing search functionality more efficiently by
That’s why we’re piloting Accelerate, a new, automated B2B marketing
entering casual, conversational language search prompts, sellers can better
campaign creation experience powered by AI. In as little as five minutes,
find the type of leads they’re looking for. We’re also introducing Account
Accelerate will recommend an end-to-end campaign and automatic
IQ, which helps sellers with the heavy lifting of account research by using
optimizations to reach the right B2B audience with engaging creatives, which
GAI to gather key information across different sources and create an easily
you can adjust and fine-tune before you launch your campaign. Accelerate
digestible summary directly in Sales Navigator.
builds on our other AI features, such as automated placement, which is already
delivering a 47% improvement in cost per conversion, and Predictive Audiences,
which is improving cost per lead by 21%.

27
For Premium subscribers:
Premium subscribers get access to valuable resources and tools to help We’re also testing new AI-powered takeaways and recommendations for
achieve their goals faster, and we’ve added more ways to supercharge these Premium subscribers to help them stay informed, grow their skills, and land
efforts with generative AI. It’s often hard to capture your professional strengths the right job more easily and efficiently. For example, subscribers will be
and unique capabilities in a compelling way. Now, with personalized writing able to see personalized key takeaways on Feed posts that could reveal
suggestions for Profile, our unique AI-powered tool pulls from existing content opportunities and suggest advice on how the information could help
on a member’s profile to provide a draft highlight of their skills and experience, them grow in their career. Within job postings, AI-powered advice will help
helping to craft a stronger Profile section faster. As always, we encourage our members better assess potential fit for a job, learn more about a company,
members to edit the generated content before posting. We’ve also recently and provide recommendations on how to stand out best.
added a new way to solve the blank page problem and help our members put
their best foot forward when reaching out to hiring managers with AI-powered
personalized writing suggestions. This pulls information from LinkedIn Profiles
and job descriptions to create a draft personalized message — saving your
time for what matters most: job seeking

28
As AI skills increase in demand, so do the people skills that complement
them. LinkedIn Learning offers thousands of courses that hone critical
people skills like time management, flexibility, and leadership. Through
December 15, 2023, LinkedIn is offering free access to the most popular
AI courses on LinkedIn Learning, including How to Research and Write
Using Generative AI Tools, Generative AI for Business Leaders, and more.
Starting in June 2023, Microsoft and LinkedIn made available the first
professional certificate in Generative AI, free through 2025, to ensure
widespread access to the skills and knowledge necessary to incorporate
this technology into the future of work seamlessly. These courses are
designed with professionals and business leaders in mind. They not only
provide knowledge and boost AI literacy but also help equip all learners
with the tools necessary to be successful at work in the age of AI.
AI brings a lot of excitement and trepidation to professionals and business
leaders — and that’s OK. It’s an exciting time of change, and we’ve only
begun to scratch the surface of what’s possible with AI. As the intersection
of AI and work continues to take shape, professionals and business leaders
can rely on LinkedIn to equip them with the knowledge and resources to
help them stay ahead of the curve and connect them to opportunities.
them stay ahead of the curve and connect them to opportunities.

29
Methodology
and credits

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AI Skills AI Conversations
LinkedIn members self-report their skills on their LinkedIn profiles. Currently, more LinkedIn researchers conducted a global analysis of posts on LinkedIn from
than 41,000 distinct, standardized skills are identified by LinkedIn. These have December 2022 to September 2023, comparing it to the same period in
been coded and classified by taxonomists at LinkedIn into 249 skill groupings, the previous year in three steps. First, it identifies posts containing AI-related
which are the skill groups represented in the dataset. We track 121 AI skills, and keywords (“AI,” “Artificial Intelligence,” and “Machine Learning”) in multiple
the top skills that make up the AI skill grouping are machine learning, natural languages, including English, German, French, Spanish, and Portuguese.
language processing, data structures, AI, computer vision, image processing, Second, it computes the share of AI-related posts as a percentage of all posts.
deep learning, TensorFlow, Pandas (software), and OpenCV, among others. And third, it calculates year-over-year growth. Results focused on Australia,
Brazil, France, Germany, India, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
They were segmented by selected member characteristics, such as gender,
AI Talent age generation, industry, and primary occupation.
Members whose job title includes AI or have at least one AI skill on their profiles.
Generative AI Keywords on Profile
AI Jobs and AI-related jobs LinkedIn researchers conducted a global analysis that look at the keywords
Jobs with AI or Machine Learning in their job title and/or as part of their required and titles that members are adding to their profile between December 2023
skills. In this report, we use the term “AI jobs” to refer to technical jobs (e.g. and September 2023. The keywords and terms included in the analysis were
Machine Learning Engineer) and AI-related jobs to refer to non-technical jobs “ChatGPT,” “Prompt Engineering,” “Prompt Crafting,” “Generative Artificial
(e.g. salesperson knowing how to use AI products). Intelligence,” “Bard AI,” “LaMBDA AI,” “MS365 Copilot,” and “Microsoft
Copilot”

Views of AI and AI-related jobs

This metric is computed based on jobseeker activity on LinkedIn from December
2022 to September 2023, comparing it to the same period in the previous year.

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Impact of GAI on the workforce LinkedIn’s Workforce Confidence Index (WCI)
LinkedIn researchers identify GAI-replicable and GAI-complementary skills, Online survey distributed to members via email every two weeks. Roughly
combining generative AI tools with skill embeddings and matching techniques, 10,000 members in the US, Canada, Brazil, the UK, France, Germany,
and map it to occupations using their skills genome. This way, each occupation Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, India, Australia, and Japan respond to each
on LinkedIn is classified as augmented, disrupted or insulated from GAI based wave. Members are randomly sampled and must be opted into research to
on the medians of this metric. These occupations are further mapped to LinkedIn participate. Students, stay-at-home partners and retirees are excluded from
members and their selected characteristics across countries to estimate the analysis so we can get an accurate representation of those currently active
share of members in each group that fall within each category. For a more in the workforce. We asked members about their AI sentiments from March
detailed methodology, refer to Preparing the Workforce for Generative AI. 11 - June 2, 2023. To look at data by gender, we ask members to self-select
Results shown in this report reflect averages across the following countries: as “Female,” “Male,” an open-ended response, or “Prefer not to answer.”
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Costa We analyze data in aggregate and will always respect member privacy.
Rica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Data is weighted by engagement level to ensure fair representation of
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, various activity levels on the platform. The results represent the world as seen
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, through the lens of LinkedIn’s membership; variances between LinkedIn’s
Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, membership and the overall market population are not accounted for.
South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United
Kingdom, United States, and Uruguay.

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LinkedIn’s Executive Confidence Index (ECI) AI Consumer Research
Online survey taken by roughly 5,000 LinkedIn members (at the VP-level or above) Research conducted by Censuswide and based on 29,937 professionals in
every quarter. The most recent wave ran from September 6-18, 2023. Members the UK, USA, Canada, Australia, Singapore, India, France, Germany, Brazil,
are randomly sampled and must be opted into research to participate. We Spain, Saudi Arabia, the Netherlands, Italy, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia,
analyze data in aggregate and will always respect member privacy. Data is UAE and Japan - including 1,574 marketing professionals - aged 16+
weighted by Seniority and Industry to ensure fair representation of executives on between 23rd August and 31st August 2023. Censuswide abides by and
the platform. The results represent the world as seen through the lens of LinkedIn’s employs members of the Market Research Society, based on the ESOMAR
membership; variances between LinkedIn’s membership and the overall market principles.
population are not accounted for.

Head of AI Roles
LinkedIn Talent Insights
LinkedIn researchers identified members based on job titles containing the
The analysis on skills leading to advancement examines the aggregated and keywords “AI,” ““Artificial Intelligence,” or “Machine Learning” coupled with
anonymized LinkedIn employee data with full-time employment who added the keywords “Head,” or LinkedIn’s standardized seniority levels “Director,”
skills explicitly to their profile and were promoted internally between July 1, 2019, “VP,” “CXO.” Growth in this metric was computed from December 2022 to
and June 30, 2023. As defined by LinkedIn Taxonomy, Soft skills primarily affect September 2023, as compared to the same period in the previous year.
a person’s behavior, thinking, or knowledge, while hard skills primarily affect an
object and include specialized domain knowledge and technical know-how. The
time to promotion is measured by the difference in the start dates between an Jobs that didn’t exist 20 years ago
employee’s current role and promoted role. LinkedIn researchers compare LinkedIn’s 2023 Jobs on the Rise list of
25 occupations to O*NET’s 2000 taxonomy by name or job description.
O*NET is the US primary source for occupational information, consisting
of a database developed under the sponsorship of the US Department
of Labor. It contains hundreds of job definitions and is used extensively in
academic research.
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Credits
A special thanks to our LinkedIn economists, data scientists, market
research team, and all who contributed to this report:

Karin Kimbrough, Chief Economist

Mar Carpanelli, Staff Data Scientist
Allison Lewis, Market Research

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