KAT0180-0001-E Load Diagrams Cellular Buffers
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Uploaded by
TowerLoad Diagrams
Program 0180 Cellular Buffers
Calculation Example
100 x 100 Energy absorption
90
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
80
v = 1 m/s
70
static
60
50
Travel [mm]
40
30
20
10
0
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
s W Work [KJ]
100 x 100 Final load
90
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
80
static
70
60
50
Travel [mm]
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Force [KN]
F
1. Calculation of energy per buffer: W = ½ m × v² W = Energy Absorption [J]
2. Readout compression length from the diagram s = Travel [mm]
3. Readout final load of the buffer from the table F = Force [kN]
4. Result and verification v = Velocity [m/s]
➞ S < 0,8 × h m = Mass [kg]
➞ F < Fmax of the crane structure h = Buffer height
➞ a = v²/2s < amax a = deceleration
2
80 x 40 Energy Absorption
35
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
30
v = 1 m/s
static
25
20
Travel [mm]
15
10
0
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9
Work [KJ]
80 x 40 Final Load
35
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
30
static
25
20
Travel [mm]
15
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Force [KN]
3
80 x 80 Energy Absorption
70
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
60
static
50
40
Travel [mm]
30
20
10
0
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6
Work [KJ]
80 x 80 Final Load
70
v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
60
static
50
40
Travel [mm]
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Force [KN]
4
80 x 120 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
100
v = 1 m/s
static
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 0 ,5 1 1 ,5 2
Work [KJ]
80 x 120 Final Load
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
100
v = 1 m/s
static
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Force [KN]
5
100 x 50 Energy Absorption
45
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
40 v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
35
static
30
Travel [mm]
25
20
15
10
0
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5
Work [KJ]
100 x 50 Final Load
45
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v=4
v = 1 m/s
40
static
35
30
Travel [mm]
25
20
15
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Force [KN]
6
100 x 100 Energy Absorption
90
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
80
v = 1 m/s
70 static
60
50
Travel [mm]
40
30
20
10
0
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
Work [KJ]
100 x 100 Final Load
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
80
static
70
60
50
Travel [mm]
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Force [KN]
7
100 x 150 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
120
static
100
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5
Work [KJ]
100 x 150 Final Load
140
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
120
static
100
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Force [KN]
8
125 x 63 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
50
v = 1 m/s
static
40
Travel [mm]
30
20
10
0
0 0 ,5 1 1 ,5 2 2 ,5
Work [KJ]
125 x 63 Final Load
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
50
v = 1 m/s
static
40
Travel [mm]
30
20
10
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Force [KN]
9
125 x 125 Energy Absorption
120
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
100
static
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Work [KJ]
125 x 125 Final Load
110
v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
100
static
90
80
70
Travel [mm]
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Force [KN]
10
125 x 188 Energy Absorption
160 v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
140
static
120
100
Travel [mm]
80
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Work [KJ]
125 x 188 Final Load
160 v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
140
static
120
100
Travel [mm]
80
60
40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Force [KN]
11
160 x 80 Energy Absorption
70
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
60 v = 1 m/s
static
50
40
Travel [mm]
30
20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Work [KJ]
160 x 80 Final Load
70
v = 3 m/s
v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
60
static
v = 4 m/s
50
40
Travel [mm]
30
20
10
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Force [KN]
12
160 x 160 Energy Absorption
140
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
120 v = 1 m/s
static
100
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Work [KJ]
160 x 160 Final Load
140
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
120
static
100
Travel [mm]
80
60
40
20
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Forces [KN]
13
160 x 240 Energy Absorption
220
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
200
v = 1 m/s
180
static
160
140
Travel [mm]
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Work [KJ]
160 x 240 Final Load
220
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
200
v = 1 m/s
180
static
160
140
Travel [mm]
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 50 100 150 200
Force [KN]
14
200 x 100 Energy Absorption
90
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
80
v = 1 m/s
70 static
60
Travel [mm]
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Work [KJ]
200 x 100 Final Load
90
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
80
static
70
60
Travel [mm]
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Force [KN]
15
200 x 200 Energy Absorption
180
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
160
v = 1 m/s
140
static
120
100
Travel [mm]
80
60
40
20
0
0 5 10 15 20
Work [KJ]
200 x 200 Final Load
180
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
160
v = 1 m/s
static
140
120
100
Travel [mm]
80
60
40
20
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Force [KN]
16
200 x 300 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
250
v = 1 m/s
static
200
Travel [mm]
150
100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Work [KJ]
200 x 300 Final Load
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
250 v = 1 m/s
static
200
Travel [mm]
150
100
50
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Force [KN]
17
250 x 125 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
100
static
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 5 10 15 20
Work [KJ]
250 x 125 Final Load
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
100
static
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
Force [KN]
18
250 x 250 Energy Absorption
v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
200
static
150
Travel [mm]
100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Work [KJ]
250 x 250 Final Load
220
v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 2 m/s
200
v = 1 m/s
180
static
160
140
Travel [mm]
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520
Force [KN]
19
250 x 375 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
300
v = 1 m/s
static
250
200
Travel [mm]
150
100
50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Work [KJ]
250 x 375 Final Load
v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
300
static
250
200
Travel [mm]
150
100
50
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Force [KN]
20
315 x 158 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
120 static
100
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40
Work [KJ]
315 x 158 Final Load
140
v = 4 m/s
v = 3 m/s
120 v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
static
100
80
Travel [mm]
60
40
20
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Force [KN]
21
315 x 315 Energy Absorption
260
v = 2 m/s
240 v = 1m/s v = 3 m/s
v = 4 m/s
220 static
200
180
160
Travel [mm]
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Work [KJ]
315 x 315 Final Load
280
260 v = 4 m/s
v = 3 m/s
240 v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
220 static
200
180
160
Travel [mm]
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Force [KN]
22
315 x 475 Energy Absorption
450
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
400
static
350
300
Travel [mm]
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Work [KJ]
315 x 475 Final Load
400 v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
350
static
300
250
Travel [mm]
200
150
100
50
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Force [KN]
23
400 x 200 Energy Absorption
180
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
160
static
140
120
Travel [mm]
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Work [KJ]
400 x 200 Final Load
v = 4 m/s
160 v = 3 m/s
v = 2 m/s
140
v = 1 m/s
120 static
100
Travel [mm]
80
60
40
20
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200
Force [KN]
24
400 x 400 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
500
static
400
Travel [mm]
300
200
100
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Work [KJ]
400 x 400 Final Load
350
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
300
static
250
200
Travel [mm]
150
100
50
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Force [KN]
25
400 x 600 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
500
static
400
Travel [mm]
300
200
100
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Work [KJ]
400 x 600 Final Load
v = 3 m/s
v = 4 m/s
500
v = 2 m/s
v = 1 m/s
static
400
Travel [mm]
300
200
100
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Force [KN]
26
500 x 250 Energy Absorption
250
static v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
200
150
Travel [mm]
100
50
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Work [KJ]
500 x 250 Final Load
250
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
200
v = 1 m/s
static
150
Travel [mm]
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Force [KN]
27
500 x 500 Energy Absorption
450
v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
400
static
350
300
Travel [mm]
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Work [KJ]
500 x 500 Final Load
450
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
400
v = 1 m/s
350 static
300
Travel [mm]
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Work [KN]
28
500 x 750 Energy Absorption
700
v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
static
600
500
400
Travel [mm]
300
200
100
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
Work [KJ]
500 x 750 Final Load
700
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
600
static
500
400
Travel [mm]
300
200
100
0
0 500 1000 1500
Force [KN]
29
600 x 300 Energy Absorption
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
250
static
200
Travel [mm]
150
100
50
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Work [KJ]
600 x 300 Final Load
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
250
v = 1 m/s
static
200
Travel [mm]
150
100
50
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Force [KN]
30
600 x 600 Energy Absorption
v = 1 m/s v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
500
static
400
Travel [mm]
300
200
100
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Work [KJ]
600 x 600 Final Load
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
500
v = 1 m/s
static
400
Travel [mm]
300
200
100
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Force [KN]
31
600 x 900 Energy Absorption
800 v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
v = 1 m/s
static
700
600
500
Travel [mm]
400
300
200
100
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Work [KJ]
600 x 900 Final Load
800
v = 2 m/s v = 3 m/s v = 4 m/s
700 v = 1 m/s
static
600
500
Travel [mm]
400
300
200
100
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Force [KN]
32
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