2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 1

2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2

Section A

1 A living organism, X, can make its own food, get rid of toxic materials and detect and respond to stimuli.
What other four processes must organism X carry out to stay alive?
A excretion, growth, movement, sensitivity
B excretion, growth, nutrition, respiration
C growth, movement, reproduction, respiration
D movement, reproduction, respiration, sensitivity

2 What is a correct way of naming a species using the binomial system?

A. Homo sapiens B. Homo Sapiens C. human being D. sapiens

3 Which animal is not an arthropod?

4 The drawing is of a magnified human liver cell.

What is structure X?
A. cytoplasm C. nucleus
B. mitochondrion D. rough endoplasmic reticulum
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 2
5 Which of the following organelles is present in plant cells, but not in animal cells?
A. Cell membrane B. Nucleus C. Mitochondria D. Cell wall

6 Which is the correct sequence, starting with the largest, and ending with the smallest?
A. tissue, organ system, organ, cell
B. organ system, organ, tissue, cell
C. cell, tissue, organ system, organ
D. cell, tissue, organ, organ system

7 The diagram shows a fly.

The line XY represents the length of the wing. The length of line XY is 26 mm.
The actual size of the wing between XY is 4 mm. What is the magnification of the image?
A. ×0.15 B. ×6.5 C. ×22 D. ×104

8 The diagram shows a bacterial cell.

How is this cell different from a typical animal cell?

A. It has a cell membrane. C. It has no chloroplasts.
B. It has cytoplasm. D. It has no nucleus.

9 The scent from a bunch of flowers spreads throughout a room. How does the scent spread?
A. by conduction B. by diffusion C. by osmosis D. by transpiration

10 Which process only involves the movement of water through the partially permeable membrane of a cell?
A. absorption B. evaporation C. osmosis D. transpiration
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 3
11 The diagram represents two liquids, separated by a membrane through which osmosis can occur.

What movement of molecules will occur?

A Molecules of dissolved substance move from left to right.
B Molecules of dissolved substance move from right to left.
C Overall, water molecules move from left to right.
D Overall, water molecules move from right to left.

12 Some red blood cells were placed in distilled water and others were placed in three salt solutions of
different concentrations. Which diagram shows the appearance of a cell has changed after being in the
concentrated salt solution for a short time?

13 Which chemical reagent is used to test for the presence of protein in the food?
A. Iodine solution B. Benedict’s C. Biuret D. Ethanol

14 Which statement about biological molecules is correct?

A DNA contains the bases A, C, G and T.
B Glycogen is made from glycerol molecules.
C Oils are made from amino acids and glucose.
D Proteins are made from fatty acids.

15 The diagrams show molecules involved in the action of a digestive enzyme such as maltase.
Which is the substrate?
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 4
16 The diagram shows the effect of an enzyme working in the human digestive system.

What would reduce the rate of production of amino acids?

A removing the amino acids as they are formed
B increasing the amount of protein
C raising the temperature to 37.1 °C
D raising the pH to 7.5

17 Which food group is chemically digested in the mouth, passes through the stomach and continues to be
broken down by chemical digestion in the small intestine?
A. carbohydrates B. mineral salts C. proteins D. vitamins

18 The cholera bacterium produces a toxin that results in water entering the alimentary canal and causing
diarrhoea. The diagram shows the human alimentary canal.
Into which region are chloride ions secreted as a result of the toxin?

19 A person eats some snacks which contains a lot of fats and carbohydrate.
Which row shows the combination of substances that will digest the cheese most effectively?
substances present
amylase bile lipase protease
A ✓ ✓ ✓ 
B  ✓  ✓
C ✓  ✓ ✓
D  ✓ ✓ ✓
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 5
20 The substances listed are found in the leaf of a plant.
Which substance is obtained from the soil?
A. carbon dioxide B. chlorophyll C. glucose D. mineral ions

21 What will happen to a green plant grown in soil that is deficient in nitrate ions?
A It will have large leaves and good root growth.
B It will have purple leaves and poor root growth.
C It will have small leaves and a thin stem.
D It will have white leaves and a thick stem.

22 The diagram shows a cross-section through a plant stem.

What are the functions of the two labelled tissues?

tissue 1 tissue 2
A transport only support only
B transport only transport and support
C transport and support transport only
D support only transport only

23 A leafy shoot is placed in a solution of a red dye.

After 30 minutes, which part of a leaf from this shoot will contain the red dye?
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 6
24 In which order does water pass through these structures in a plant?
A. mesophyll → root hair → xylem C. root hair → mesophyll → xylem
B. mesophyll → xylem → root hair D. root hair → xylem → mesophyll

25 Why do some root cells have root hairs?

A. for the maintenance of the temperature of the cell sap
B. to increase the surface area of the cells
C. to increase the volume of the cell sap
D. to provide a place for cell nuclei

26 A strip of the outer tissue of the stem including the phloem has been removed.

How is transport in the plant affected?

A. Amino acids and sucrose cannot pass to the roots.
B. Dissolved salts cannot pass to the leaves.
C. Water cannot pass to the leaves.
D. Water cannot pass to the roots.

27 Which diagram shows the human double circulatory system?

28 The diagram shows a section through a fish heart and the direction of blood flow.

After leaving the heart, where will the blood flow to next?
A. eyes B. fins C. gills D. tail muscle
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 7
29 The diagram shows human blood cells, as seen under a microscope.

What is the function of cell X?

A. to carry glucose C. to defend against disease
B. to carry oxygen D. to make the blood clot

30 Which disease is transmissible?

A. cholera C. lung cancer
B. coronary heart disease D. scurvy

31 Which factor increases the risk of developing coronary heart disease?

A. low fat diet C. relaxation
B. regular exercise D. smoking

32 The body has different types of defences against pathogens.

1 antibodies 2 hairs in the nose 3 mucus 4 skin

Which defences help to prevent pathogens reaching the alveoli when breathing in?
A. 1, 2, and 3 B. 2, 3, and 4 C. 2 and 3 only D. 2 only

33 Which of the following is incorrect when we breathe in?

A. diaphragm flattens C. ribcage moves upwards and inwards
B. volume of the lung increases D. air pressure inside the lung decreases

34 What are the approximate percentages of oxygen and carbon dioxide in inspired air?
percentage of oxygen percentage of carbon dioxide
A 16 4.00
B 16 8.00
C 20 0.04
D 20 4.00

35 What is a description of transpiration?

A. exchange of gases between the leaf and the atmosphere
B. loss of water vapour from the leaves and stems of a plant
C. movement of water from the roots to the leaves
D. movement of water through the cells of the leaf
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 8
36 How many molecules of carbon dioxide are released from the aerobic respiration of one molecule of
glucose?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 6

37 The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the respiration of yeast. Oil prevents oxygen entering the
glucose and yeast suspension.

If no oxygen is present in the glucose and yeast suspension, what will occur?
A Ethanol will be produced and the limewater will stay clear.
B Ethanol will be produced and the limewater will go cloudy.
C Lactic acid will be produced and the limewater will stay clear.
D Lactic acid will be produced and the limewater will go cloudy.

38 In healthy people, which substance is completely reabsorbed into the blood from the kidney tubules?
A. glucose B. salts C. urea D. water

39 The diagram shows a kidney and its blood vessels.

In a healthy person, which structures transport glucose?

A artery only
B artery and ureter
C artery and vein
D ureter and vein

40 The diagram shows the first part of a kidney tubule and its blood supply.
During filtration, protein molecules do not pass through the wall of the glomerulus.
Which part contains the highest concentration of protein?
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 9
Section B
1 All commercial breeds of sheep belong to the species Ovis aries.
(a) Define the term species.

[2]
The Merino is a breed of sheep that is farmed mainly for its wool. The wool is very thick and is made of
lots of very thin hairs. Fig. 1.1 shows a female Merino sheep with her newborn lamb.

(b) The presence of hair is a feature that is only found in mammals.

State two other features that distinguish mammals from all other vertebrates.
1

[2]
(c) Table 4.1 shows four structures associated with the human digestive system.
Complete the table by identifying the level of organisation of each structure.
Choose your answers from the list.
cell cell structure organ organ system organism tissue

structure level of organisation

colon
nucleus
epithelium
[3]
[Total: 7]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 10
2 The rate of photosynthesis of terrestrial plants can be determined by measuring the uptake of carbon
dioxide.
(a) Explain why plants take up carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.

[2]
(b) The rate of photosynthesis of parts of individual leaves can be measured using a hand-held device as
shown in Fig. 2.1.

This apparatus allows air to flow through the transparent chamber that encloses part of the leaf. The
apparatus measures the carbon dioxide concentration of the air entering and leaving the chamber.
Explain how the results from the apparatus can be used to calculate the rate of photosynthesis.

[2]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 11
(c) A student used the apparatus shown in Fig. 2.1 to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of
photosynthesis of the leaves of Chinese plantain, Plantago asiatica, at two different concentrations of
carbon dioxide, A and B. Fig. 2.2 shows the results of the investigation.

(i) State one environmental factor that should have been kept constant in this investigation.

[1]
(ii) Describe the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis when carbon dioxide
concentration A was supplied. Use the data from Fig. 2.2 in your answer.

[3]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 12
(iii) Calculate the percentage increase in the rate of photosynthesis at 30 °C when the carbon dioxide
concentration was increased from A to B as shown in Fig. 2.2.
Show your working and give your answer to the nearest whole number.

............................................................ %
[2]
(iv) Explain the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of photosynthesis for carbon dioxide
concentration B. Use the term limiting factor in your answer.

[3]
(v) The student concluded that carbon dioxide concentration is the factor limiting the rate of
photosynthesis between 30 °C and 35 °C for the results shown for A in Fig. 2.2.
State the evidence for this conclusion.

[1]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 13
(d) A similar investigation was carried out on Arizona honeysweet, Tidestromia oblongifolia, that grows in
Death Valley in California where the highest temperatures may be greater than 45 °C. The results are
shown in Fig. 2.3.

Fig. 2.3
Predict and explain what would happen to the rate of photosynthesis if the investigation is continued
at temperatures higher than 45 °C.

[2]
[Total: 16]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 14
3 Kidneys are important for excretion.
(a) Explain the purpose of excretion.

[2]
(b) Sketch a simple diagram of a human kidney and its ureter.
Label the cortex, medulla and ureter on your diagram.

[2]
(c) Fig. 3.1 is a photomicrograph of a glomerulus in a kidney.

Fig. 3.1
(i) Describe the structure of a glomerulus.
You may refer to Fig. 3.1 in your answer.

[2]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 15
(ii) Describe the role of the glomerulus.

[2]
(d) Table 3.1 shows some comparisons between a human and a mouse.
Table 3.1
feature human mouse
body mass / kg 60.0 0.025
kidney mass / g 320.0 0.310
water intake / dm3 per day 1.5 0.005
water reabsorption / dm3 per day 179.0 0.168
salt filtration rate / g per day 580.0 0.556
salt reabsorption / g per day 575.0 0.551

(i) Table 3.1 shows that salts are reabsorbed in the kidneys of both humans and mice.
Describe how salts are reabsorbed against a concentration gradient.

[4]
(ii) Scientists stated a hypothesis:

“humans and mice reabsorb salt at almost the same rate in relation to the size of their kidneys”

Determine whether the data in Table 3.1 supports this hypothesis. Show your working.
human Mouse

[4]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 16
(iii) Table 3.1 also shows that water is reabsorbed in the kidneys of both humans and mice.
State the name of the process that mammals use to reabsorb water.

[1]
(iv) Water and salt are reabsorbed in the kidneys.
State the name of one other molecule that is also reabsorbed in kidney tubules.

[1]
[Total: 18]

4 Mammals have a double circulation.

(a) State what is meant by the term double circulation.

[1]
(b) Table 4.1 shows some information about the functions of the components of blood.
Complete Table 4.1.
Table 4.1
function type of cell
production of antibodies
Phagocyte
promotes blood clotting
transports oxygen
[4]
(c) Blood is transported in arteries and veins.
Complete the drawings of the cross-sections of an artery and a vein to show the differences between
these two types of blood vessel. Label the lumen in each drawing.

[2]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 17
(d) A diagram of a mammalian heart and associated blood vessels is shown in Fig. 4.1.

Fig. 4.1
(i) Sketch arrows on Fig. 4.1 to show the pathway taken by deoxygenated blood from the heart
towards the lungs.
[2]

(ii) Table 4.2 contains statements about the structures visible in Fig. 4.1.
Complete Table 4.2 by:
• stating the name of each structure
• identifying the structure with the corresponding letter from Fig. 4.1.
Table 4.2
statement name of structure letter from Fig. 4.1
chamber that creates the highest
blood pressure
blood vessel containing blood with
the highest concentration of oxygen
structure that prevents blood going
from ventricle to atrium
structure that prevents backflow of
blood from artery to ventricle
chamber that receives blood from
vena cava
[5]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 18
(e) Mammals also have a lymphatic system.
Outline the functions of the lymphatic system.

[3]
[Total: 17]

5 Fig. 5.1 is a photomicrograph of part of a cell from the pancreas that produces enzymes that are released
into the small intestine.

(a) (i) Structure Q is part of the nucleus of the cell. State one function of a nucleus.

[1]
(ii) State the names of the structures labelled P and R in Fig. 5.1.
P
R
[2]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 19
(b) The structure labelled S transports enzymes to the cell membrane for release into the pancreatic duct.
These structures contain molecules of amylase, trypsin and lipase.

Complete the sentences with the most appropriate words.

Enzymes are made of protein and act as .............................................. because they increase the rate

of chemical reactions, but are not changed in those reactions. Amylase speeds up the digestion

of .............................................. to .............................................. Trypsin continues the chemical

digestion of protein begun by the enzyme .............................................. in the stomach.

The optimum pH for pancreatic enzymes is greater than pH 7. Bile is produced by

the .............................................. and enters the small intestine, where it ..............................................

stomach acid to provide the appropriate pH. Bile also breaks down fat by ..............................................

to increase the surface area for the action of lipase.

[7]
[Total: 10]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 20
Section A answer

1 C 11 C 21 C 31 D
2 A 12 D 22 B 32 C
3 B 13 C 23 C 33 C
4 D 14 A 24 D 34 C
5 D 15 B 25 B 35 C
6 B 16 D 26 A 36 D
7 A 17 A 27 D 37 B
8 D 18 C 28 C 38 A
9 B 19 A 29 B 39 C
10 C 20 D 30 A 40 D

Section B answer

1 (a) (group of) organisms that can reproduce [1]

to produce fertile offspring [1]

(b) Any two [2]

pinna(e) / external ears
mammary glands / production of milk / lactating /suckling / breast feeding / nipples
diaphragm
(three) bones in the middle ear
(four) different types of teeth / two sets of teeth
sweat glands
enucleated red blood cells
uterus / placenta / navel

(c) 1 mark per correct answer [3]

structure level of organisation
colon Organ
nucleus Cell structure
epithelium tissue
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 21
2 (a) carbon dioxide is, raw material / substrate / reactant [1]
concentration of carbon dioxide is higher outside leaf than inside (so carbon dioxide diffuses into the
leaf) [1]

(b) subtract the concentration of carbon dioxide at the end from the concentration at the start [1]
divide by the time (taken) / per unit time [1]

(c) (i) Any two from the following [2]

light intensity
water (supply)
humidity

(ii) increases and, reaches a plateau / remains constant / ‘levels off’ [1]
increases (between 10 °C) to 30 °C / levels off at 30 °C [1]
any comparative use of figures for rate with units at least once [1]

(iii) 36 [2]

(iv) Any 3 from the following [3]

temperature is the limiting factor (over whole range)
increased temperature increases, kinetic energy / KE, (of molecules)
increases rate of diffusion of carbon dioxide (into leaf)
temperature, influences / affects, (activity of) enzymes
more (effective) collisions between substrate molecules and enzymes (in plant) / more
enzyme-substrate complexes formed
more carbon dioxide is, fixed / used in photosynthesis / converted into sugar
carbon dioxide (concentration) is not limiting

(v) B shows that:

rate of photosynthesis is, higher / continues to increase, if carbon dioxide is increased (at all
temperatures) [1]

(d) rate of photosynthesis, remains constant / decreases / slows [1]

explanation one from the following [1]
enzymes / active sites, are denatured (at high temperatures)
stomata close, so, little / no, carbon dioxide can enter leaves
plant is adapted to survive at high temperatures
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 22
3 (a) remove from the, body / organism / cell [1]
waste / poisons / toxins / harmful substances [1]
(waste products) of metabolism / respiration
(named) substances in excess [1]

(b) the outline shape of a kidney, with one tube attached, drawn [1]
tube labelled ureter, outer portion of kidney labelled as cortex, [1]
medulla labelled inside the kidney [1]

(c) (i) Any two from the following [2]

(capillaries are) one cell thick / thin
capillaries have pores
network (of capillaries) / tangled / knotted / tightly packed tubes
description of shape e.g. round / ball-shaped

(ii) Any two from the following [2]

provides blood at high pressure
provides a large surface area
(ultra)filtration
small or soluble molecules / water / glucose / urea / salts, (are filtered) out
(named) large OR insoluble (molecules) / blood cells, stay in the glomerulus

(d) (i) by active transport [1]

Any 3 from the following [3]
from a low to a high concentration
(through cell) membrane
proteins pumps
uses energy
from respiration

(ii) human 575 ÷ 320 =1.797 or 1.8 [1]

Mouse 0.551 ÷ 0.31 =1.778 or 1.8 [1]
Unit: g (salt) per day per g (kidney) [1]
similar or the same, results / rates / ratios, so hypothesis is supported [1]

(iii) osmosis [1]

(iv) glucose [1]

2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 23
4 (a) one loop to lungs / pulmonary circulation, and one loop to rest of the body / systemic circulation [1]
OR blood flows through heart twice, for one (complete) circuit / to get back to the same point

(b) lymphocyte [1]

engulf/ digest / kill / destroy, bacteria / pathogens ; [1]
platelet [1]
red blood cell [1]

(c) wall of artery thicker than wall of vein [1]

lumen labelled in both drawings [1]

(d) (i) arrow(s) start in right-hand side of heart in correct direction [1]
arrow(s) point upwards inside pulmonary artery [1]
2022-23 F3 Biology exam mock paper 2 24
(ii) one mark for correct name AND letter [5]
statement name of structure letter from Fig. 4.1
chamber that creates the highest
left ventricle F
blood pressure
blood vessel containing blood with pulmonary vein C/
the highest concentration of oxygen / aorta A
structure that prevents blood going
atrioventricular valve E
from ventricle to atrium
structure that prevents backflow of
semilunar valve K
blood from artery to ventricle
chamber that receives blood from
right atrium J
vena cava

(e) Any 3 from the following [3]

tissue fluid drains (into lymphatic vessels)
transports tissue fluid
back into the blood / circulatory system
contains, lymphocytes / antibodies (in lymph nodes)
defence against infection / provide (active) immunity
(lacteals) absorbs /transports, fats / fatty acids
from small intestine / duodenum / ileum

5 (a) (i) stores / contains, DNA / chromosomes / genes [1]

OR controls the cell

(ii) P – endoplasmic reticulum / (rough) ER / ribosome [1]

R – mitochondrion / mitochondria [1]

(b) catalysts [1]

Starch [1]
maltose / glucose [1]
pepsin [1]
liver [1]
neutralizes [1]
emulsification [1]