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Matrices by NV Sir - JEE Brief

The document discusses matrices and their properties. It defines what a matrix is and provides examples of matrices. It then discusses several properties and operations related to matrices, including: 1) Scalar matrix multiplication 2) Matrix multiplication and its properties such as when multiplication is possible and properties like order of operations. 3) Transpose of a matrix and properties of the transpose such as (AT)T=A. 4) Types of matrices such as orthogonal, idempotent, and nilpotent matrices. 5) Adjoint of a matrix and its properties. 6) Inverse of matrices and properties of the inverse such as how to find the inverse of 2x2 and 3x3 matrices.

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321 views41 pages

Matrices by NV Sir - JEE Brief

The document discusses matrices and their properties. It defines what a matrix is and provides examples of matrices. It then discusses several properties and operations related to matrices, including: 1) Scalar matrix multiplication 2) Matrix multiplication and its properties such as when multiplication is possible and properties like order of operations. 3) Transpose of a matrix and properties of the transpose such as (AT)T=A. 4) Types of matrices such as orthogonal, idempotent, and nilpotent matrices. 5) Adjoint of a matrix and its properties. 6) Inverse of matrices and properties of the inverse such as how to find the inverse of 2x2 and 3x3 matrices.

Uploaded by

dahaleswaroop
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JEE Brief

Matrices - Basics #40dinJEEin

Definition: Rectangular array of numbers.

15 6 ⇠ First row

10 2 ⇠ Second row

13 5 ⇠ Third row

↑ ↑
First Second
Column Column

t.me/voraclasses
The number of matrices of order 3 × 3, whose entries are either 0 or 1 and
the sum of all the entries is a prime number, is ______

(JEE M 2022)
Algebra of Matrices
Scalar Matrix Multiplication
Matrix Multiplication

AB exist if, A = m x n & B = n x p


Find .

(3, 2) (5, 1)

(2, 4)

(1, 5)
Method - 2
Properties of Matrix Multiplication
1. In general, AB ≠ BA
2. If A = O or B = O ⇒ AB = O
3. If AB = O ⇏ A = O or B = O
4. If AB = AC ⇏ B = C
5. But if B = C ⇒ AB = AC
6. AB = BA ⇒ A and B commute each other
7. And if AB = - BA then A and B anticommute each other.
8. Multiplication of diagonal matrices of the same order will be
commutative
9. (A . B) . C = A . (B . C)
10. A (B + C) = AB + AC
11. (A + B) C = AC + BC
Pattern wale Matrix
(JEE M 2023)
(JEE M 2020)
Types of Matrices

Orthogonal Matrix ATA = AAT = I

Idempotent Matrix A2 = A

Involutory Matrix A2 = In

Nilpotent Matrix Ak = O

Periodic Matrix Ak+1 = A


Let and

Then the number of elements in the set {(n, m) : n , m ∈ {1,2,....,10} and


nAn + mBm = I} is_
(JEE M 2022)
(JEE M 2022)
Transpose of Matrix
Properties of Transpose

1. (AT)T = A

2. (A + B )T = AT + BT

3. (A - B )T = AT - BT

4. (kA)T = k(AT)

5. (AB)T = BTAT
If for the matrix then the value of α4 + β4 is :

A. 1

B. 3

C. 2

D. 4
Symmetric and Skew-Symmetric Matrix

If AT = A, then A is symmetric

If AT = -A, then A is skew symmetric


Symmetric and Skew-Symmetric Matrix

(1)

(2)

Note: Diagonal elements of a Skew-symmetric = 0


Theorems
For any square matrix A with real number entries, A + A’ is a symmetric
matrix and A - A’ is a skew symmetric matrix.

Any square matrix can be expressed as the sum of a symmetric and a skew
symmetric matrix.
Express the following matrices as the sum of a symmetric and a skew
symmetric matrix.
Important Result
Let M be any 3 x 3 matrix with entries from the set {0, 1, 2}. The maximum number of such
matrices, for which the sum of diagonal elements of MTM is seven is
Ans: 540
Adjoint of Matrix

adjoint = (cofactor)T
Properties of Adjoint

A (adj A) = (adj A) A = |A| In |adj A| = |A|n-1

adj (AB) = (adj B).(adj A)

adj (kA) = kn-1 (adj A), (k 𝞊 R)

adj (adj A) = |A|n-2 A.


Let A be a 3 x 3 invertible matrix. If ladj (24A)| = |adj (3adj(2A))|, then |A|2
is equal to :

A. 66
B. 212
C. 26 JEE Main 2022
D. 1
Let A and B be two 3 x 3 matrices such that AB = I and |A| = 1/8 then
|adj(Badj(2A)) | is equal to

A. 16
B. 32
C. 64
JEE Main 2022
D. 128
Inverse of Matrix

Note: A-1 exists if A is non-singular.


Shortcut for Inverse of 2 x 2

If A =
Inverse of Diagonal Matrix: Shortcut
Shortcut: Inverse of 3 x 3 matrix
Properties of Inverse

(Ak)-1 = (A-1)k = A-k, k 𝞊 N AA-1 = A-1A = I

(AT)-1 = (A-1)T

(A-1)-1 = A (AB)-1 = B-1 A-1


A. 2√3 (JEE M 2023)
B. √6
C. 12
D. 1
Thank You #VCians

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