Chapter-8 - Book-2 (Sampling Method)
Chapter-8 - Book-2 (Sampling Method)
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Sampling Methods
2
Sampling Technique
The sample selection procedure basically
originated the concept of sampling
technique in statistics.
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Definition of Sampling
Technique
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Some Statistical Terms
Sampling Frame: The list of all sampling units with proper
identification.
✓ Student’s ID registered in DU.
✓ List of bus drivers in Dhaka.
✓ List of fish processing workers in Khulna.
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Types of Sampling
Technique
Sampling
Non-
Probability
Probability
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HW
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Simple Random Sampling (SRS)
For example,
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Stratified Sampling
✓ The process of creating subgroups is based on a
relevant characteristic (e.g., gender, age range, income
bracket, job role).
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Stratified Sampling
For example,
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Situation of using Stratified
Sampling
✓ Divide (stratify) the schools (sampling units) before
the sampling based on the size of the school (small,
middle, and large).
✓ Select sample from each of the three groups by using
SRS.
✓ Calculate total number of students by combining
results of the three groups.
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Sample Size Determination
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Formula to Find Sample Size
𝑧 2 𝑝𝑞
𝑛0 =
𝑑2
• When, population (N) is large (N>2000)
𝑛0
𝑛= 𝑛 −1 (for finite population)
1+ 0𝑁
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Formula to Find Sample Size
Here,
p=0.5
q=0.5
z=1.96
d= 0.01 to 0.9
N= Population size
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Mathematical Problem (Sample
Size Determination)
Suppose treasurer Madam wants to distribute 5000 tk to
some of the students from section B of each. Suppose
section B has 150 students.
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Solution
1. How many students will we choose?
𝑁𝑧 2 𝑝𝑞
𝑛=
𝑁𝑑2 + 𝑧 2 𝑝𝑞
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Solution
150 × 1.962 × 0.5 × 0.5
𝑛=
(150 × 0.12 ) + (1.962 × 0.5 × 0.5)
=58.55
≅ 59
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Solution
2. Use appropriate sampling techniques to select the sample
from the population.
Answer: To choose 59 students, we can use simple random
sampling because every person has an equal probability of
being selected in the sample. We can construct the sample
by using any approach from the below:
• Using a random number table.
• Reminder method.
• Lottery method.
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Mathematical Problem (Sample
Size Determination)
Suppose treasurer Madam wants to distribute 5000 tk to some of
the students from section B of each. Suppose section B has 150
students. Consider out of 150 students, 60 students are from the
engineering department, 40 are from CBA, 30 are from BATHM,
and 20 are from other departments.
1. Select optimum sample size.
2. Use appropriate sampling techniques to select the sample
from the population.
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Solution
1. Select optimum sample size.
𝑁𝑧 2 𝑝𝑞
𝑛=
𝑁𝑑2 + 𝑧 2 𝑝𝑞
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Solution
150 × 1.962 × 0.5 × 0.5
𝑛=
(150 × 0.12 ) + (1.962 × 0.5 × 0.5)
=58.55
≅ 59
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Solution
2. Use appropriate sampling techniques to select the
sample from the population.
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Solution
For engineering,
𝑁1 = 60, 𝑁 = 150, 𝑛 = 59
𝑁1
𝑛1 = ×𝑛
𝑁
60
= × 59 = 23.6 ≅ 23
150
For CBA,
𝑁1 = 40, 𝑁 = 150, 𝑛 = 59
𝑁1
𝑛1 = ×𝑛
𝑁
40
= × 59 = 15.73 ≅ 16
150
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Solution
For BATHM,
𝑁1 = 30, 𝑁 = 150, 𝑛 = 59
𝑁1
𝑛1 = ×𝑛
𝑁
30
= × 59 = 11.8 ≅ 12
150
For others,
𝑁1 = 20, 𝑁 = 150, 𝑛 = 59
𝑁1
𝑛1 = ×𝑛
𝑁
20
= × 59 = 7.86 ≅ 8
150
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Solution
Engineeri CBA BATHM Others Total
ng
𝑁1 =60 𝑁2 =40 𝑁3 =30 𝑁4 =20 𝑁=150
𝑛1 =23 𝑛2 =16 𝑛3 =12 𝑛4 =8 𝑛=59
Now, we can use simple random sampling to select persons from each
group. In a simple random sample, there are three techniques:
1. Using a random number table.
2. Reminder method.
3. Lottery method.
Here, the whole or total process is known as stratified random
sampling.
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Mathematical Problem (Sample
Size Determination)
Consider the following scenario: VC sir wishes to award a
scholarship of 5000 tk to a few students from section B.
Consider that section B has 5000 students. Suppose, 3000
students are Muslim, 1500 students are Hindu, and 500 are
other religions.
1. Determine the optimum number of samples.
2. Use appropriate sampling techniques to select the
sample from the population.
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Solution
1. Determine the optimum number of samples.
𝑧 2 𝑝𝑞
𝑛0 =
𝑑2
Given that N=5000, z=1.96, p=0.5, q=0.5, and d=0.03
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Solution
1.962 × 0.5 × 0.5
𝑛=
0.032
=1067.11
≅ 1067
1067
Now, 𝑛 = 1067−1 = 879.42 ≅ 880
1+ 5000
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Solution
2. Use appropriate sampling techniques to select the
sample from the population.
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Solution
For Muslim,
𝑁1 = 3000, 𝑁 = 5000, 𝑛 = 880
𝑁1
𝑛1 = ×𝑛
𝑁
3000
= × 880 = 528
5000
For Hindu,
𝑁1 = 1500, 𝑁 = 5000, 𝑛 = 880
𝑁1
𝑛1 = ×𝑛
𝑁
1500
= × 880 = 264
5000
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Solution
For others Religions,
𝑁1 = 500, 𝑁 = 5000, 𝑛 = 880
𝑁1
𝑛1 = ×𝑛
𝑁
500
= × 880 = 88
5000
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Solution
Muslim Hindu Other Total
religions
𝑁1 =3000 𝑁2 =1500 𝑁3 =500 𝑁=5000
𝑛1 =528 𝑛2 =264 𝑛3 =88 𝑛=880
Now, we can use simple random sampling to select persons from each
group. In a simple random sample, there are three techniques:
1. Using a random number table.
2. Reminder method.
3. Lottery method.
Here, the whole or total process is known as stratified random
sampling.
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