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01.2.SIMPLE SCREW JACK Vee Threads

The document describes a simple screw jack and procedures to calculate its mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency. A simple screw jack consists of a vertical threaded spindle, heavy body with internal threads, and a loading platform. Tests are conducted by applying various loads and measuring the corresponding efforts. The velocity ratio is calculated as the circumference of the pulley divided by the pitch of the screw. Observations are recorded and used to calculate mechanical advantage, efficiency, and plot graphs of load versus effort and load versus mechanical advantage.

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90 views6 pages

01.2.SIMPLE SCREW JACK Vee Threads

The document describes a simple screw jack and procedures to calculate its mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency. A simple screw jack consists of a vertical threaded spindle, heavy body with internal threads, and a loading platform. Tests are conducted by applying various loads and measuring the corresponding efforts. The velocity ratio is calculated as the circumference of the pulley divided by the pitch of the screw. Observations are recorded and used to calculate mechanical advantage, efficiency, and plot graphs of load versus effort and load versus mechanical advantage.

Uploaded by

Service MMI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIMPLE SCREW JACK – ‘VEE’ THREADS

AIM
 To calculate mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, efficiency and to obtain the
law of machine for Screw Jack.

 To study Gear mechanism of Simple Screw Jack, velocity Ratio, Mechanical


Advantage, Efficiency.

THEORY
Machine
Any lifting machine has the principle of overcoming a greater force called Load by
means of comparatively a smaller force called effort.

Velocity Ratio (VR)


It is the ratio of displacement of effort to the corresponding displacement of load

Velocity Ratio, V.R. = (Cp)/(Pitch)


Where, Cp = Circumference of Pulley =  x D mm = 550mm
D = Diameter of the Pulley = 175mm
P = Pitch of the screw = 5 mm.

Mechanical Advantage (MA)


The Mechanical Advantage (MA) occurring from arrangement of different parts of
lifting machine is expressed as the ratio of load lifted and the corresponding effort
required to lift it.

Load lifted (W)


Mechanical Advantage (MA) = ---------------------
Effort Applied (P)

Efficiency
It is the ratio of output to input and expressed as percentage.

Reversibility of a Machine
The property of a machine to work in reverse direction on removal of effort is called
as reversibility of machine.

1
Simple Screw Jack.
It is a lifting machine consisting of
1. A vertical threaded spindle (S).
2. Heavy body of the screw jack with centrally drilled hole having internal
threads through which spindle moves.
3. A Platform which is fixed on the top of vertical spindle.
4. A guide pulley to facilitate application of horizontal tangential effort
tangential to circumference of disc.

DESCRIPTION
It consists of
1. Working model of Simple Screw Jack – Square Threads.
Frictionless Pulley with slide bar, knob for tightening – 2 Nos.
2. Slotted Weight set with Load hanger – for Effort.
(20gms x 5 – 1 No., 50gms x 5 – 2 Nos., 100 gms x 5 – 1 No.)
4. Load Weights (1 & 2 kg – 2 Nos. each)

PROCEDURE
1. Observe the model of Simple Screw Jack, Identify effort wheel, Identify various
components such as pitch of screw, vertical spindle, screw jack body, internal
threading, loading platform (Pulley), guide pulley, arrangement for applying the
effort and load.

2. Set up the machine. Attach heavy load (say1Kg) and find corresponding effort
(P),by gradually increasing the magnitude so that when effort moves down,
load (W) just starts moving up. Mark the motions in the diagram. Then
withdraw (remove) the effort (P), and observe whether the load now moves down
or not and hence check the reversibility of the machine.

3. Apply the loads on the platform.

4. Apply efforts for above loads on the effort pan and increase it gradually till
effort just moves downwards and load lifted up simultaneously.

5. Record the observation of load and corresponding effort in observation table.

2
6. Measure the circumference of Pulley with the help of string and measuring
tape. Measure the pitch of the screw by using vernier scale.
7. Calculate velocity ratio by the relation as given in sample calculation.

8. Compute all the columns of observation table.

9. Plot the graph of load against effort.

10. Calculate slope of load against effort graph and y-intercept.

11. Establish the law of machine P = mW + C.

12. Plot the graph of load verses MA.

OBSERVATIONS :

Velocity Ratio, V.R. = (Cp)/(Pitch)


Where, Cp = Circumference of disc = 170 mm.
P = Pitch of the screw = 5 mm.

Velocity Ratio = 3.14 x 170 / 5


= 106.76

Table for calculation of M.A. and efficiency

Sr. Load Effort MA Velocity Efficiency


No. (W) (P) (M.A. = Ratio (=(MA/VR)
In ‘N’ In ‘N’ W/P) (V.R.) x 100%
1
2
3
4

3
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS :
For reading No……
 Mechanical Advantage = Load/Effort = W/P
M.A. = ……./……..
= ……………..
M.A.
 Efficiency =  = -------- x 100% = ___________ X 100%
V.R.
= ……………. %

Av.Efficiency = av = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5)/5


= ………………………………
= …………. %
GRAPHS :
1. The nature of graph plotted between load and effort is ………..
(Curved/inclined line intersecting X-axis / inclined line intersecting Y-
axis /horizontal line).
2. The nature of graph plotted between load and MA is ……………………
( inclined line / curved).

As efficiency of the machine is…………..% which is …………%


(<50% or 50%) the machine is ……………….. (reversible / Non-reversible)

4
Sample Calculations : Simple Screw Jack – ‘Vee’ Threads

OBSERVATIONS :

Velocity Ratio, V.R. = (Cp)/(Pitch)


Where, Cp = Circumference of disc = 170 mm.
P = Pitch of the screw = 5 mm.

Velocity Ratio =  x 170 / 5


= 106.76

Table for calculation of M.A. and efficiency

Sr. Load Effort MA Velocity Efficiency


No. (W) (P) (M.A. = Ratio (=(MA/VR)
In ‘N’ In ‘N’ W/P) (V.R.) x 100%
1 9.81 3.33 2.95 106.76 2.76
2 19.62 3.92 5.01 106.76 4.69
SAMPLE
3 29.43 3.92 7.51 106.76 7.03
4 39.24 4.9 8.01 106.76 7.50
CALCULATIONS :
For reading No……01
 Mechanical Advantage = Load/Effort = W/P
M.A. = 9.81/3.33
= 2.95
M.A.
 Efficiency =  = -------- x 100% = (3.33 / 106.76) x 100%
V.R.
= 2.76 %

5
Load Effort
9.81 3.33
19.62 3.92
29.43 3.92
39.24 4.9

Load MA
9.81 2.945946
19.62 5.005102
29.43 7.507653
39.24 8.008163

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