Toni-Engine Past questions and answer on PHYSICS

QUESTIONS ON THERMODYNAMICS-----From Uniuyo’s Physics Past Questions Compiled by TONI-ENGINE

(1) The branch of science which is concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy is?
(A) Electricity (B)Thermodynamics (C) Dynamics (D) KinematicsAns: Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the science concerned with the study of the relations between temperature, heat,
work and the energy content of a system at equilibrium
2) The process in which there is no exchange of heat with the surrounding is?
(A) Adiabatic Process (B) Isothermal Process (C) Isochoric Process (D) Isobaric Process
Ans: Adiabatic Process. In the adiabatic process there is no heat exchanged by the surroundings.
N/B: In thermodynamics there are several processes which are:
1) Isochoric Process: An Isochoric Process also called a constant-volume process, an Iso-volumetric
process or an an isometric process, is a thermodynamics process during which the volume of the closed
system undergoing such a process remains constant. (It is a constant-volume process)
2) Isobaric Process: An Isobaric process is a thermodynamic process in which a gas does work at
Constant pressure (It is a constant pressure process)
3) Isothermal Process: An isothermal process is a thermodynamic process in which the system’s
temperature is constant
4)Adiabatic Process. In the adiabatic process there is no heat exchanged by the surroundings (Q = 0)
and the temperature keeps changing, In an adiabatic process, no transfer of heat takes place between
system and surroundings.
3) The measure of disorder and randomness of a system is?
(A) Enthalpy (B) Entropy (C) Heat (D) TemperatureAns: Entropy; Entropy is a thermodynamic quantity
representing the unavailability of a system’s thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work
often interpreted as the degree of disorder or randomness in the system
4) If the molar heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp) is 10.3Jmol-1K-1 and the molar heat capacity at
constant volume (Cv) is 2.1Jmol-1K-1, the universal gas constant (R) is
A) 8.2Jmol-1K-1 (B) 12.4Jmol-1K-1 (C)4.9Jmol-1K-1 (D) 0.2Jmol-1K-1
Ans: 8.2Jmol-1K-1 i.e R = Cp –Cv , 10.3Jmol-1K-1 - 2.1 Jmol-1K-1 = 8.2Jmol-1K-1
5) Calculate the heat added to a system if at atmosphere pressure, water of volume 1cm3 changes to
volume 1000cm3 (Hint: P= 1.013 x 105N/m2) (A) 1012J (B) 101.2J (C)10.12J (D) 1.012J
6) The process in which temperature remains constant during heat transfer involving a gas is
(A) Adiabatic Process (B) Isothermal Process (C) Isochoric Process (D) Isobaric Process
Ans: Isothermal Process (Check notes on number 2)
7) The statement of the first law of thermodynamics can be expressed mathematically as
(A) dQ = dU –dW (B) dQ = dW + dU (C) dU = dQ + dW (D) dW = dU + dQ
Ans: dQ = dW + dU
Notes: The second law of thermodynamics says that entropy always increase with time, the entropy of an
object is a measure of the amount of energy which is unavailable to do work. Entropy is a measure of
uncertainty or randomness to do work.

MOTION IN ONE AND TWO DIMENSION- KINEMATICS

8) _____________ is the study of motion of a body in one or two dimension (A) Projectile (B) Free fall
(C) Kinematics Ans: Kinematics
NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION AND LINEAR DYNAMICS
SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES & CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM & COLLISION
9) One of these is concerned with the relationship between changes in the motion of objects and the
action which caused these changes
(A) Electricity (B) Thermodynamics (C) Dynamics (D) Kinematics Ans: Dynamics (Dynamics deals with
cause of the motion of the object)
10) A body of mass 2kg undergoes a constant horizontal acceleration of 2m/s2. Calculate the resultant
horizontal force acting on the body (A) 2N (B) 4N (C) Zero (D) None of the above
Ans: 4N, m= 2Kg, a = 2m/s2 , F = ma i.e (2kg x 2m/s2) = 4N
11) What will be the resultant force on the body of mass 0.4kg when it moves with a uniform velocity of
6m/s (A) 4N (B) 0.4N (C) Zero (D) None of the aboveAns: Zero (When a body moves in a uniform or
constant velocity, the acceleration of the body equals zero) therefore mass x acceleration which is zero
would yield Zero.
12) The tendency of a body to remain in its state of rest or uniform motion is called
(A) Law of Inertia (B) Newton’s Law of motion (C) Inertia of a body (D) Impulse
Ans: Inertia of a body
13) A boy weighing 20N stands in an elevator; calculate the resultant force acting on him as the elevator
move upwards if the boy’s apparent weight(N) is 50N (A) 70N (B)50N (C) 30N (D) 15N
Ans: When the elevator moves upward, the Force (F) = m(g+a) = 20N + 50N = 70N
14) A body is said to be weightless when
(A) Resultant force equals the weight of the body due to gravity (B) Resultant force equals the normal
reaction of the body (C) Weight of the body due to gravity equals the normal reaction on the body
(D) Resultant force equals zero Ans: A
15) Mathematically, Newton’s second law of motion is (A) F=ma (B) F=mv (C) F=mv2 (D) F=m2r2
Ans: F= ma
16) The unit of Force is (A) N (B)Nm2 (C) Kgm2 (D) Js Ans: The Unit for Force is Newton (N) which is equal
to Kgms-2
17) Impulse is defined as (A) Force x time (B) Force/time (C) Force x Area (D) Pressure x time
Ans: Impulse is the product of force and time I,e Impulse = Force x Time
18) To every action, there is equal and opposite reaction. This is a statement of (A) Newton’s third law of
motion (B) Newton’s second law of motion (C) Faraday’s law of motion (D) Ampere law
Ans: Newton’s third law of motion; which states that the force that one object experiences due to the
presence of another is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction (anti-parallel) to the force that the
second object experiences due the presence of the first; this law is paraphrased as ‘ to every action,
there is an equal and opposite reaction.
19) Momentum is defined as (A) Mass x Velocity (B) Mass x Acceleration (C) Force x Distance (D) None of
the above Ans: Momentum is defined as the product of Mass and Velocity
20) Which of the following units is equivalent to Kgms-1 (A) Ns-1 (B) Nms (C)Ns (D) Js-1
Ans: Since Impulse equals to the change in momentum, It means that momentum can also be
expressed in (Ns) i.e I =Ft = m(v-u) therefore Ns = Kgms-1
21) The rate of change of momentum is (A) Force (B) Mass (C) Velocity (D) Pressure
Ans: Force F = m(v-u)
t
22) For uniform system, the centre of mass is at the
(A) mid-point (B) end point (C) starting point (D) none of the above
Newton’s Laws of Restituion
23) The value of the coefficient of restitution for elastic collision is (A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) None of the above
Ans: for an elastic collision, the value of the coefficient of restitution e = 1
24) The value of the coefficient of restitution for inelastic collision is (A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) None of the above
Ans: for an inelastic collision, the value of the coefficient of restitution e = 0, the bodies coalesce.
Kinetic Energy is not conserved by energy and linear momentum is conserved
25) For elastic collision, momentum and__________ are conserved
(A) kinetic energy (B) potential energy (C) repulsive energy (D) sound energy
Ans: A collision is defined as elastic if the total kinetic energy after collision is equal to that before collision,
Therefore Kinetic Energy, Linear Momentum and Energy are conserved.
26) The unit for impulse is (A) Ns (B) N (C) s (D) Kg Ans: The S.I Unit for Impulse (Ns), Impulse is a product
of Force and time
27) The law of conservation of linear momentum state that (A) M1U1+M2U2=M1V1+M2V2 (B) M1U1=M2V2
(C) M1U1 + M2V2 = M1 + M2 (D) None of the above
28) The point on the system that moves as it mass of the system were concentrated at that point is
called_______
(A) Centre of mass of the system (B) Point of acceleration (C) Centre of Pressure
(D) Momentum Point of action
Properties of matter
29) In the study of elasticity, the term_________ denotes the resulting effect of the applied force
(A) Tensile stress (B) Tensile strain (C)original length (D) ExtensionAns: Tensile strain (In the study of
elasticity, the term tensile denotes the resulting effect of the applied force while tensile stress denotes
the force exerted on the body)
30) _______ is the property which enables a body deformed by applied force to return to its original size
and shape when the force is removed (A) stress (B) elasticity (C) strain (D) Young’s Modulus
Ans: Elasticity

31) Materials which undergo considerable elongation before reaching elastic limit and pass through plastic
stage before breaking are called
(A) Brittle materials (B) Ductile materials (C) Elastic materials (D) Plastic materials Ans: Ductile Materials
32) A body is said to be _________ if it regains its original shape and size after undergoing a deformation
(A) ductile (B) elastic (C) brittle (D) mobile Ans: Elastic
33) Materials which undergo considerable elongation before reaching elastic limit and break soon after
elastic limit are called
(A)Ductile materials (B) Brittle materials (C)) Plastic materials (D) Elastic materials
Ans: Brittle Materials
34) In the study of elasticity, the term _______ is used to denote the force exerted on a body
(A) tensile strain (B) tensile stress (C) Hooke’s law (D) extensionAns: Tensile Stress
35) The Fractional increase in volume per unit increase in pressure is termed
(A) Bulk modulus (B) compressibility (C) Young’s modulus (D) Shear modulus Ans: Compressibillity
CIRCULAR HARMONIC MOTION OF A PARTICLE
36) The following are types of oscillation except (A) forced oscillation (B) undamped oscillation
(C) Free oscillation (D) damped oscillationAns: Undamped Oscillation (There are three main types of
oscillation which are Free, Damped and Forced Oscillations).
37) What will be the value of 20 rev/min in rad/s? (A) πrad/s (B) 2 π/3rad/s (C) 4π rad/s (D) π rad/s
Ans: Note that 1 rev = 3600 = 2 πrads
Therefore 20rev/min = 20 x 2π/60 = 2 π/3rad/s
38) What will be the value of 60 rev/min in rad/s? (A) 4π rad/s (B) 2π rad/s (C) π rad/s (D) 2 π/3rad/s
Ans: 60 x 2π/60 = 2π rad/s
39) What will be the value of 120 rev/min in rad/s? (A) 2π rad/s (B) 4π rad/s (C)2 π/3rad/s (D) π rad/s
ANS: 120 x 2π/60 = 4π rad/s
40) What will be the value of 30 rev/min in rad/s? (A) 2 π/3rad/s (B) π rad/s (C)2π rad/s (D) 4π rad/s
Ans: 30 x 2π/60 = π rad/s
Projectile Motion
41) ________ is the direction of projection made with the horizontal plane through the point of projectile
(A) 45 degree (B) 90 degree (C) Projectile angle Ans: Projectile angle
42) Angle of elevation is also known as____________
(A) Elevator (B) Depression angle (C) Angle of projectile Ans: Angle of Projectile

43) The maximum horizontal distance covered by a projectile is known as__________

(A) Displacement (B) Distance (C) RangeAns: Range (Range is the maximum horizontal distance
covered by a projectile from a point of projection to where it hits the horizontal plane.)
44) Range is maximum when sin2θ is equal to _____ (A) 0.5 (B) 2.0 (C) 1
45) What is the dimension for range___________ (A) L (B) MLT-2 (C) ML-3 (D) ML-1T-2
Ans: Range is the maximum horizontal distance covered by a projectile from a point of projection to
where it hits the horizontal plane. Since range is a horizontal; distance measured in metres (m) the
dimension of range is L
Dimensions of Physical Quantities
46) The dimension for the unit of power is? (A) js (B) MT (C) ML2T-3 (D) ML3T-2
Ans: (C) Power = Workdone/time
= Force/distance = MLT-2 x L = ML2T -3
time T
47) What is the dimension for range___________ (A) L (B) MLT-2 (C) ML-3 (D) ML-1T-2
Ans: Range is the maximum horizontal distance covered by a projectile from a point of projection to
where it hits the horizontal plane. Since range is a horizontal; distance measured in meters (m) the
dimension of range is L
48) The equation V2 = U2 + 2ax is dimensionally correct if each term has a dimension of
(A) L2T2 (B) LT-1 (C) L2 T-2 (D) ML2T-2 Ans L2T—2
49) The temperature of a room is 77 degree Fahrenheit, what would it be in the Celsius scale?
(A) 25 degrees (B) 30 degrees (C) 15 degrees (D) 50 degress Ans: 25 degree Celsius
(To convert from oF to oC ) 0
C = 5(0F -32) =5(77-32)/9 =250C
9
Frictional Force
50) The way of reducing the effect of frictional force in machinery is (A) Vulcanizing (B) Ball baring
(C) Lubrication (D) Grazing Ans: Lubrication.
51) The force that opposes motion is known as (A) Friction (B) Gravity (C) Center of mass (D) Momentum
Ans: Friction or Frictional force