Understanding+Printed++

Product+Workflow+
+PREPRESS%
+
By:+Muhammad+Yusuf+
 Workflow+of+Printed+Product+
• What+is+workflow+of+a+printed+product?+
• The+following+sequence+of+individual+tasks.+It+
describe+all+the+stages+which+a+project+or+job+
must+go+through+before+it+is+completed.+
• The+producFon+workflow+to+produce+a+printed+
products+can+be+divided+into+three+parts:+

POST%
PREPRESS% PRESS%
PRESS%
 ORIGINAL

PRINTING
FILM

FLAT
Making the Repro Masking/

PLATE
Platemaking
original Preparation stripping

PREPRESS

PRODUCT
PRINTED
PRINTED
SHEET

Printing Print
Process Finishing
PRESS POSTPRESS

The Production of film and printing plate within the process chain
for producing print media.
 Prepress%
• Prepress+includes+all+the+processing+steps+
required+from+the+typeseGng,+capturing+
original+images+and+graphics+to+the+producFon+
of+the+prinFng+plates+
PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%
Elements+of+a+Printed+Products+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• Prepress+stage+1:+
• ComposiAon+refers+to+all+acFviFes+seGng+and+
formaGng++text,+and+recording+images+and+
line+art+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• TEXT%
• TypeseGng:++involves+the+presentaFon+of+
textual+material+in+graphic+form+on+paper+or+
some+other+medium.+
• +Before+the+advent+of+desktop+publishing,+
typeseGng+of+printed+material+was+produced+
in+print+shops+by+compositors+or+typeseLers+
working+by+hand,+and+later+with+machines.+
 Text+wriFng+and+ediFng+

The+text+will+generally+be+produced+using+a+word+processing++
Program+such+as+MicrosoM+Word.++
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%
• IMAGES%
• Photography+provides+original+images+for+
reproducFon.+
• Photography:+to+capturing+three+dimensional+objects+&+
movement.+

There+are+2+kind+of+original+images:+
• ConAnuous%tone%images:+any+original+photograph+
consist+of+a+broad+range+(gradaFon)+of+tones.+

• Line%art%:+any+diagrams+&+pen+and+ink+drawings+
Photography+
There+are+2+kind+of+original+images:+
• 1.+ConAnuous%tone:+any+original+photograph+
consist+of+a+broad+range+(gradaFon)+of+tones+
• 2.+Line%art%:+any+diagrams+&+pen+and+ink+
drawings+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• DESIGN%&%LAYOUT%
• Design+and+layout+is+viewed+as+having+to+saFsfy+the+needs+of+the+
customer+and+audience+for+whom+it+is+intended.+
• Good+design+(impact+of+words+and+pictures)+that+catches+the+
reader’s+aLenFon+is+typically+created+by+someone+called+a+design+
or+layout+arFst.+
• The+Design+arFst+uses+a+knowledge+of+the+product,+the+design+
• process,+and+basic+design+principles+–+to+create+successful+designs+
for+printed+products+
• Common%SoEware%used:+
• %Image%ediAng%and%conversion:%Adobe%Photoshop%
• Images%and%line%artwork%&%layout:%Adobe%Illustrator%
• Layout%for%mulAple%page%printed%products:%Adobe%InDesign%/%
Quark%Xpress%
Elements+of+a+Printed+Products+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

! Prepress+stage+2%
! ReproducAon%is%a%process%that%informaAon%
(text,Images,graphics,%color)%when%it%is%
converted%from%an%original%to%the%prinAng%plate.%%
! During+reproducFon+stages,+all+conFnuous+tones+
images+are+converted%to%dot%paVern%images.+
! HalMones+refers+to:+the+images+that+are+
reproduce+in+the+form+of+dots.++
! HalMones+have+the+appearance+of+conFnuous+
tone+images+because+of+the+limited+resolving+
power+of+the+human+eye.+
 ConFnuous+tone+to+HalMone+dots+
A GRID OF PIXELS

PIXELS TRANSLATED INTO

• Color%separaAon%refers+to:+breaking+down+of+
conFnuous+tone+color+images+into+the+process+
colors+used+for+the+print.+
• PrinAng%Process%color+refers+to:+Cyan,+
Magenta,+Yellow+&+Black+
• Scanner+is+a+electronic+device+used+to+separate+
conFnuous+tone+colors+images+into+process+
color.+
Why+we+need+conversion+from+RGB+
to+CMYK?+
• Scanners+and+digital+cameras+create+images+
using+combinaFons+of+just+three+colors:+Red,+
Green+and+Blue+(called+"RGB").+These+are+the+
primary+colors+of+light,+which+computers+use+
to+display+images+on+your+screen.++
• PrinFng+presses+print+full+color+pictures+using+
a+different+set+of+colors,+the+primary+colors+of+
pigment:+Cyan+(blue),+Magenta+(red),+Yellow+
and+Black+(called+"CMYK").++
 (Transmission)+ (REFLECTION)
Subtractive Color
AddiFve+Color+
Red
Magenta

Red Blue Magenta Yellow

Yellow Cyan Blue Green

Green Cyan
 Process+color+
• Process+color+refers+to:++Cyan,+Magenta+Yellow+
&+Black.+PrinFng+Process+Color+
Subtractive Color K
Red
Y
Magenta Yellow
M

C
Blue Green

Cyan
 Screen+Angle+
• Screen+angle+refers+to:+The+angle+at+which+a+
screen+is+rotated+for+prinFng.+The+angle+
effects+the+way+halMone+dots+are+laid+down+on+
each+separaFon+film.+
• Screen+angle+consists+of+halMone+dots+of+
different+sizes+according+to+the+tone+value,+but+
at+constant+distance+at+one+another.+

Shadow area: Highlight area:

• Scanner+is+a+electronic+device+used+to+
separate+conFnuous+tone+colors+images+into+
process+color.+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• Proofing+refers+to+checking+the+content+and+
reproducFon+quality+before+the+job+is+printed.+
• Proofs+can+be+made+using+digital+proofing+
devices/printer.+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• For+further+processing+of+the+text+and+images+
into+a+prinFng+plate+be+done+convenFonally,+
exposed+film+are+required.++
• OutpuZng:+refers+to+producing+a+film+from+
imageseLer+(Computer+To+Film.+C+t+F)+
• ImageseLers+refers+to+output+devices+digitally+
expose+film+for+prinFng+processes.++
• The+imageseLer+digitally+separates+text+&+
images+into++microlines.+
• Cheking+an+OutpuGng+film+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• Prepress+stage+3%
• Assembly%&%platemaking%refers%to%the%
assembly%of%text,%pictures%and%line%art%
into%complete%pages%and%also%the%
making%of%prinAng%plates%

• Dummy+refers+to:+A+folded+sheets+that+
representaFon+of+the+finished+job.+
To+prepare+a+dummy,+fold+sheets+of+paper+to+obtain+the+desired+
number+and+size+of+pages,+then+number+them+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• The+task+of+platemaking+is+to+assemble+text,+pictures+
and+graphics+into+pages+and+pages+into+sheets+for+
exposing+prinFng+plate.+
• Before+exposing+to+prinFng+plate,+first+film+need+to+be+
place+in+proper+posiFoning.++
• Stripping+refers+to:+the+process+of+preparing+and+
posiFoning+a+piece+of+film+for+exposure+to+a+prinFng+
plate.+
• Stripping+is+done+on+a+light+table+using+a+magnifying+
glass.+The+film+is+fixed+in+place+onto+a+plasFc+foil+with+
adhesive+tape.+
• A+flat+refers+to:+An+assembly+of+films+in+posiFon.+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%
 What+about+mulFpage+printed+
product?+
• ImposiFon+refers+to:+The+arrangement+of+the+
pages+so+that+they+will+be+in+the+proper+
sequence+aMer+the+sheet+is+printed+and+
folded.+
• The+imposiFon+and+methods+of+working+used+
by+printers+are+very+much+dictated+by+the+
product+itself+and+the+available+equipment+on+
which+it+will+be+produced.++
Front+side+(outer+e+page)+
Back+side+(inner+e++page)+
 Types+of+ImposiFon+
• The+importance+of+imposiFon:+
• To+produce+quality+jobs+with+maximum+
efficiency,+minimum+press+Fme,+minimum+
amount+of+paper+and+minimum+Fmes+in+the+
finishing+operaFons+
• One+side+imposiFon+
– One+prinFng+plate+is+used+to+print+on+one+side++of+the+
sheet.+
• Sheetwise+imposiFon++
– Two+prinFng+plates+used.+One+plate+to+print+one+side,+
second+plate+with+different+image+print+the+other+side.+
• Work+&+turn+ImposiFon+
– One+plate+to+print+both+side+of+a+single+sheet+of+paper,+
Second+pass,+sheet+is+turn+with+the+same+lead+edge+enter+
the+press+
• Work+&+Tumble+
– One+plate+to+print+both+side.+Second+pass,+the+
sheet+is+tumble,+different+edge+enters+the+press+
XCEL+PRINT%SOLUTIONS%
• HEIDELBERG+
SPEEDMASTER++
• fiveecolour+offset+
prinFng+machine++
+
model:+SM+102e5P2++
+
age:+2004++
+
size:+72+x+102+cm++
 Technical+size+DefiniFon+

• Minimum+sheet+size+
– Smallest+sheet+size+can+be+print+
• Maximum+sheet+size+
– Biggest+sheet+size+can+be+print+
• Maximum+print+format+(maximum+image+size)+
 URGENT%JOB%ORDER%
Job%Spec%
• Title:+Top+Gear+Magazines+Feb+2011+Issues+
• Size:+210+x+297+mm+
• Total+Number+of+pp:+35+including+cover+
• Color:+Text/inner:+4+Color+Print+Process+
– Cover:+FC:+4C+++1+PMS+877C+++BC:+4C+
– Stock:+Cover+Art+Card+230+gsm++
– Inner:+Gloss+artpaper+115gsm+
– *you+are+given+16+plate+for+inner+
– *+you+are+given+4+++1+plate+for+cover+
• Binding:+Perfect+Binding+
• QuanFty:+15000+copies+
• Delivery%Date%:30%JAN%2011%
• PRESS:%Heidelberg%SM102%(8up%A4%Size)%
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• A+flat+is+fixed+on+a+plate+in+accurate+register+
with+register+pins+and+place+in+a+vacum+frame.+
Next,+the+plate+is+exposed+to+UV+light.+
• The+image+shows++how+film+assembly+is+set+in+a+
copying+frame+for+plate+exposure+
 PREPRESS%
COMPOSITION%&% REPRODUCTION%
ASSEMBLY%&%
CAPTURING% PLATEMAKING%

• Plate+Processing+is+done+manually+or+
automaFcally.++
• The+automaFc+plate+processor+process+the+
plate+aMer+exposure+through+developing,+
rinsing+and+preserving+staFon.+
The+prinFng+plate+
 Development+in+prepress+
• From+Manual+imposiFon+to+Digital+imposiFon+
(Through+imposiFon+soMware)+
 Development+in+prepress+
• From+film+(Computer+to+Film)+to+Direct+to+
PrinFng+plate+(Computer+to+plate)+
• The+image+is+directly+image+to+the+prinFng+
plate.+No+film+required+